JP3621048B2 - Reinforced concrete exterior insulation building - Google Patents

Description

【００５５】
以上のとおり、使用材料面からの単純比較の下でも、本発明建物は同一規模の従来物に対して３３．１％のコストダウンとなる。
更に、上記比較例での建物の重量（コンクリート、鉄筋、鉄骨）は、従来建物が６８２．７トンで本発明建物が５２１．９トンであり、本発明は２３％軽量化出来る。
尚、表２に於いて、従来と本発明とで単価相違があるが、コンクリートは、設計基準強度が異なるため、型枠は、本発明には梁や、仕切小壁や、窓枠四周での型工事が無いため、鉄筋は、手間のかからない床スラブ及び土間の鉄筋の比率の相違及び施工の難易差によるものであり、本発明は、異形棒鋼の直径の大きいものを用いていないこと、梁がないので肋筋などの手間のかかるものが少ないこと、床スラブ筋に折曲げ加工筋が無いことにもよる。
【００５６】
また、本発明建物にあっては、建物が軽量化して基礎工事費が軽減出来ること、構造体の全体数量が少ないことや、型枠のスラブが平坦で壁が少ないことや、鉄筋の組立の作業性が良いことから工期も短縮出来ること、壁の開口部に複合パネルＢを用いることにより、軽量間仕切下地付与や断熱材の吹付けなどの省力化も出来ること等の面からも建築費がコストダウン出来る。
即ち、本発明建築物は従来物と比べて、実際には、設計上での計算可能な使用材料面からの３３．１％のコストダウンよりも、より大きなコストダウンが可能となる。
【００５７】
また、本発明のコンクリートは、水セメント比５５％であり、従来（通常）のコンクリートの水セメント比６５％と比較すると、中性化期間（硬化したコンクリートが表面から空気中の炭酸ガスを吸収し、コンクリート中の水酸化カルシウムがカルシウムに変化し、その結果アルカリ性が失われていく期間）は、鉄筋に対するコンクリートの被り厚が４cmでは、水セメント比６５％（従来物）では６８年、水セメント比５５％（本発明）では１４２年となり、コンクリート被り厚３cm（基準）では、水セメント比６５％で３８年、水セメント比５５％で８０年となる。
【００５８】
そして、本発明は、コンクリート自体でも高耐久性である上に、外断熱でコンクリート躯体全外面を保護しているため、コンクリート壁の結露等による中性化促進要因が除去されて躯体コンクリートの中性化も、公称中性化期間値（ＪＡＳＳ５、鉄筋コンクリート工事、日本建築学会）より長期となり、また、外断熱で保護されたコンクリート躯体はひび割れの要因であるヒートストレスも、本発明が７５mm厚の断熱層であるため、内断熱のそれに比して約１／２５に抑制出来、本発明の建築物は高耐久建物となる。
【００５９】
また、本発明建築物は、床が無梁床で１５cm厚以上（図２のＸ_１側１８cm，Ｘ_２側１５cm）のフラットプレートでチューブ構造であり、床スラブ上の柱もピン接合タイプで断面の小さな鉄骨柱のツーウェイスラブとなったため、床スラブＳがチューブ構造建物として充分な強度を備えると共に、上下階の遮音機能も充分有し、床スラブＳ上のスペースが有効に利用出来て、間取りの自由度が高く、しかも居室利用期間内での間取り変更も自由になる。また、各床スラブ間の高さも、出梁等が無いため比較的に低く設定出来、１０mの高さ規制の下でも４階建マンションの建築が可能であり、賃貸マンションでは事業効率が高くなる。
従って、５階建以下の中低層の建築物としては、建築費、利用性、居住性各面からみても、画期的な実用性に富んだ外断熱建築物となる。
【００６０】
また、建物の外周壁全体を工場生産品としての複合パネルＡ，Ｂで形成するため、製造時の設計どおりの機能を備えた外断熱壁が得られ、施工面でも、耐力壁Ｗ_１部はコンクリート型枠形成と共に張ることが出来、帳壁Ｗ_２部でも取付金具１０によって複合パネルの上下枠を固定するだけの比較的簡単な作業で合理的に施工出来、しかも、各複合パネルＡ，Ｂが通気層を備えているために結露防止機能により建物の耐久性向上に寄与するのは勿論、コンクリート躯体やパネルのセメント板のヒートストレスも抑制し、外壁表面への外装塗布等の自由度及び耐久性も保障するため、施工面、耐久面のみならず、デザイン性付加の面からも、従来の外断熱建築物よりはるかに有利な建物である。
【００６１】
【発明の効果】
鉄筋コンクリート造壁式構造でありながら、外周壁の耐力壁として算入出来ない鉄筋コンクリート（図１７の非耐力壁Ｗ_０）を全て工場生産パネルによる帳壁としたため、コンクリート、鉄筋、型枠の使用量の低減化と、施工期間の短縮化が達成出来、耐力壁Ｗ_１部及び帳壁Ｗ_２部の外周壁全部を工場生産品の複合パネルで形成するために、均質な外断熱機能の付与も簡便、且つ合理的に達成出来、しかも、コンクリート、鉄筋等の使用量低減によって建物自体の軽量化に伴う基礎土木工事すらコスト低減出来、壁式構造による柱の出張りのない居室空間利用スペースの大な外断熱建築物が、従来の壁構造外断熱建物に比して、低い建築コストで、しかも、短い期間で建築出来、建築業界で画期的な実用性の高い建築物の提供が可能となる。
【００６２】
また、耐力壁Ｗ_１及び帳壁Ｗ_２として用いる複合パネルは、外側のセメント板が通気層を備えていて建物の結露を防ぎ、複合パネル及びコンクリート躯体のヒートストレスを抑制するため、建物の高耐久化を実現し、外壁表面に対する外装の自由化を保障してデザイン性付与にも優れた建築物となる。
【００６３】
しかも、コンクリート躯体が、壁式構造でフラットスラブのチューブ構造であるためと、床スラブ上の柱がピン接合構造であって小断面柱であるために、居住間取りの自由化、及び間取り変更の自由化が実現し、居室内に出梁等も存在しないために床スラブ上下間の高さも比較的に低く出来、一定の高さ制約下でも階数の多い建物が建築出来、利用効率が良く、居住性の良い建築物が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明建築物の全体斜視図である。
【図２】本発明建築物のコンクリート躯体のみの斜視説明図である。
【図３】鉄骨柱の斜視説明図である。
【図４】耐力壁部への複合パネルＡの付設説明図であって、（Ａ）はコーナー部の部分斜視図、（Ｂ）は複合パネルＡの外側型枠としての使用状態断面図、（Ｃ）は（Ｂ）のＣ部拡大図である。
【図５】複合パネルＢの床スラブＳへの後取付け説明図であって、（Ａ）は取付状態図、（Ｂ）は取付金具１０の分解説明図である。
【図６】複合パネルＢの床スラブＳへの先取付け説明図であって、（Ａ）は取付状態図、（Ｂ）は型枠組み状態図である。
【図７】耐力壁部と帳壁部との各複合パネル相互の接合関係を示す斜視図である。
【図８】耐力壁部での上下接合部説明図であって、（Ａ）は上下接合部の部分斜視図、（Ｂ）は通気孔付与シーリング構造の説明図である。
【図９】複合パネルＢの上下接合関係説明斜視図である。
【図１０】床スラブＳの天井部への複合パネルＢの取付構造を示す図である。
【図１１】屋上部への断熱構造付与形態の説明図である。
【図１２】複合パネルＢを複合パネルＡと共にコンクリート壁外型枠として用いる状態の説明図である。
【図１３】帳壁内への窓枠の配置状態説明図である。
【図１４】複合パネルＢと窓枠との取合い状態説明図である。
【図１５】帳壁用に用いる変形複合パネルの説明用斜視図である。
【図１６】従来例の説明図であって、（Ａ）は外断熱工法の説明図、（Ｂ）は乾式密着型パネルをコンクリート外枠に用いた説明図、（Ｃ）は（Ｂ）の複合パネルのコンクリート壁との固着形態の説明図である。
【図１７】従来の鉄筋コンクリート造壁式構造に於けるコンクリート躯体の説明用斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１ａ，１ｂ・・・セメント板、 １ｂ´・・・外面板、 １ｂ´´・・・内面板、
３ａ・・・条溝（通気層）、 ３ｂ・・・貫通孔（通気層）、 ４・・・内装材、
５・・・コンクリート壁、 ６ａ・・・上枠、 ６ｂ・・・下枠、 ６ｃ・・・縦枠、
７・・・水不透性シート、 ８・・・保護シート、 ９・・・シーリング、
９ａ・・・バッカ−材、 ９ｂ・・・シーリングゴム、 １０・・・取付金具、
１０ａ・・・プレート受、 １０ｂ・・・アンカー片、 １０ｃ・・・コンクリート止、
１０ｄ・・・取付プレート、 １０ｅ・・・連結ピン、 １２・・・断熱アンカー、
１２ａ・・・皿ボルト、 １３・・・桟木、 １４・・・横端太、
１５・・・フォームタイ、 １６・・・セパレータ、 １７・・・アルミサッシ、
１７ａ・・・雨切、 １７ｂ・・・水切、 １８・・・木製窓枠、
１９・・・窓枠固定材、 ２０・・・取付ピース、 ２１・・・現場発泡ウレタン、
２２・・・断熱板、 ２３・・・モルタル、
３１・・・柱脚プレート、 ３２・・・柱頭プレート、 ３３・・・スタッドボルト、
６０・・・飼物、 ６１・・・合板片、 ６２・・・コンクリートセパレータ、
６３・・・Ｐコン、 ６４・・・ＫＰコン、 ６５・・・パネルセパレータ、
７０・・・Ｚクリップ、 ７１・・・補強平鋼板、 ７２・・・固定ボルト、
Ａｃ，Ｂｃ・・・複合パネル連接部、 Ａ，Ｂ，Ｂ_１，Ｂ_２・・・複合パネル、
Ｐ（Ｐ_０，Ｐ_１）・・・鉄骨柱、 Ｒ・・・大開口部、 Ｒ_１・・・開口部、
Ｒｓ・・・開口側面部、 Ｓ・・・床スラブ、 Ｓ_ｆ・・・床スラブ表面[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a reinforced concrete external heat insulating building, and relates to a new building that realizes low cost of an external heat insulating building that is energy-saving, excellent in living environment and highly durable. It belongs to the field of architecture.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[Outside insulation method]
As a conventional outer heat insulating method, for example, as shown in FIG. A ventilation layer type in which a ventilation layer is provided between the exterior material and the heat insulating material to prevent deterioration of the function due to wetting of the heat insulating material and an increase in temperature of the exterior material; Dry type method (B₁Type) and wet method (B) which coats the surface of the heat insulating material with mortar as an exterior material after attaching the heat insulating material to the housing₂Type), C. A sealed air layer type in which a sealed air layer is provided between an exterior material and a heat insulating material; A mold having a double wall structure by using double the exterior material of each other construction method and called a middle heat insulation is a typical construction method.
[0003]
In the above-mentioned conventional construction method, the ventilation layer type A can use either a fixed shape material or an indeterminate shape material as a heat insulating material, but requires fire prevention measures. Since panels, masonry, etc. are used, the cost is high.
B₁The dry contact type of this type is less expensive than other methods, but has the problem of causing condensation (boundary surface condensation) between the exterior material and the heat insulating material.
B₂In the wet adhesion type, since it is a wet construction method such as mortar coating, cracks are likely to occur due to dry combustion shrinkage of the coated exterior material, which is unreliable and takes a long construction period.
Further, in the C closed air layer type, the air layer functions as a heat insulating layer, but there is a problem that internal condensation occurs.
[0004]
[Outside heat insulation composite panel]
As exterior material, B₁As the outer thermal insulation composite panel used for the dry adhesion type of C and the sealed air layer type of C, cement board (GRC system) composed of cement mortar and alkali glass fiber, cement, calcareous material, silicic acid Fireproof material (ceramic siding) that is molded and cured and hardened by using raw materials, glass fiber, slag, gypsum, pearlite, etc. For example, a fire-proof material (GFPC) hardened with a phenol resin is typically employed.
[0005]
And B₁As shown in FIG. 16 (B), the composite panel provided with the exterior material is made into a concrete outer formwork, and the inner mold plate 66 is used to attach the composite panel to the concrete frame by the dry adhesion type outer heat insulation method. A concrete mold is formed through a separator 62 having a capacitor 63, a KP capacitor 64, and a panel separator 65, and a bolt 67 having an anchor 68 for fixing the composite panel as shown in FIG. The concrete wall 5 is placed with the arrangement fixed, the template 66 is removed, and the composite panel (60, 61) is integrally stretched on the concrete wall 5.
[0006]
[Reinforced concrete wall structure]
FIG. 17 is a schematic perspective view of a reinforced concrete wall-type structure as a conventional four-story apartment house, in which the outer wall and inner wall of the building are integrated with wall beams WL and small beams by reinforced concrete placement.
The concrete frame has a bearing wall W that supports vertical loads (vertical loads) such as the building's own weight and load, and horizontal loads such as seismic forces.₁And window frame opening R₁Upper and lower non-bearing walls W₀Are scattered all over the place, bearing wall W₁It has a wall-type structure that satisfies the required standard wall quantity.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although it is common knowledge in the industry that an outer insulation building can prevent condensation and is a healthy, energy-saving and highly durable building, the construction cost is higher than that of an inner insulation building. Was an obstacle to the spread.
In the outer insulation method, the aforementioned B₁The dry construction method using the composite panel in which the exterior material and the heat insulating material are in close contact with each other (FIG. 16A) is relatively low in cost, but has a problem of causing dew condensation between the exterior material and the heat insulating material. Have.
[0008]
In addition, conventional GRC, ceramic siding, GFPC, and other composite panels with close contact between exterior materials and heat insulation materials are used in an integrated manner with concrete frames, and because the exterior materials themselves are thin, the strength and frost resistance Have problems such as sex.
Extruded cement board (ECP) is an ECP board that has a bending strength of about 5 times that of concrete and a compressive strength of about 2 times that of concrete. Although it can be used as it is, it is usually used alone as an exterior material.
[0009]
In addition, in the reinforced concrete wall-type structure of FIG. 17, it is necessary to arrange the load-bearing walls in a well-balanced manner and smoothly transmit the load on the upper floor to the foundation. However, it was impossible to use a combined building such as a rental apartment for store use.
In addition, there are many walls such as doors and partitions, and the concrete type framework is cumbersome and time-consuming. Moreover, due to the restrictions of many concrete partition walls, there is no freedom in the floor plan of the building, and there are considerable restrictions on use. It was.
Furthermore, in order to make the wall continuous as a reinforced concrete structure, for example, an opening R such as a window frame.₁The non-bearing wall W cannot be used as a wall quantity₀Despite the fact that it must be reinforced concrete, the opening R₁The surrounding concrete mold is complicated and non-bearing wall W₀Due to the presence of concrete in the building, the weight of the building also increased, increasing the load on the foundation, increasing the burden of building the building (foundation civil engineering work).
[0010]
Non-bearing wall W₀For example, even if the mortar is applied with a concrete block made of different materials, the aesthetic appearance is poor and cracks occur at the joints.₀The wall cost could not be reduced.
Furthermore, when the floor slab span is long, the thickness of the floor slab increases, the amount of reinforcing bars used increases to support the weight of the building, and a small beam must be provided. Protruding and worsening the usability of the room.
[0011]
The present invention researches the problems inherent in conventional external heat insulation buildings and their solutions from the individual viewpoints, such as these external heat insulation construction surface, exterior material surface, reinforced concrete wall structure surface, etc., composite panel surface, Various problems on the insulation method and wall structure surface have been improved and developed as interrelated technologies as buildings, and various problems in conventional external insulation construction have been solved at once, making it highly durable. The groundbreaking reinforced concrete exterior heat insulation building which can reduce the construction cost by the property.
[0012]
[Means and Actions for Solving the Problems]
For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, an outer heat insulating dry contact type composite panel including an outer cement plate 1a having a groove 3a through which air from the outside flows up and down, and an inner heat insulating layer 2 is provided. A, an outer cement plate 1b having a thickness larger than the cement plate 1a of the composite panel A, and a heat insulating layer 2 of the composite panel A having the through holes 3b through which the air flow from the outside flows up and down. Using the outer heat insulating dry contact type composite panel B provided with the heat insulating layer 2, the bearing wall W₁Department and book wall W₂A reinforced concrete wall-type structure with an outer wall composed of a part and a load bearing wall W that is integrated with the floor slab S to form a concrete frame₁In the composite panel A,Or with the composite panel (A)Load-bearing wall W using composite panel B for the concrete formwork₁Integrated with the reinforced concrete wall 5₂In the section, only the composite panel B is stretched to the floor slab S, and all the composite panels A and B form the outer wall with the heat insulating layer 2 aligned, and the entire outer periphery including the rooftop is used as the outer heat insulation, and the bearing wall W₁And wall W₂All the outer walls made of reinforced concrete were made of heat-insulated buildings that allowed air to flow through.
[0013]
“Book Wall W₂Part "Reinforced concrete wall-type structure in buildingsOuter wall, bearing wall W₁As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, it is a wall portion that cannot be calculated as a load-bearing wall for structural design, such as the upper and lower wall portions of a window frame, and is a load-bearing wall among the outer walls of a concrete frame. W₁It is a part other than the part.
The “cement board” includes various cement boards such as an extruded cement board (ECP) and a cement board made of cement mortar and alkali-resistant glass fiber (GRCP). It means broadly what is laminated and integrated with a cement board as a heat insulating material including a synthetic resin foam heat insulating material layer such as polystyrene foam and rigid foamed urethane foam.
Also, “Composite PanelBThe “only tension” is for the composite panel to open the opening of the wall surface where the concrete wall 5 does not exist.Le BThe composite panel only needs to be attached to the opening of the concrete frame so as to function as the outer wall.TakeAttached structure does not matter.
Of course, composite panel used as a book wallLe BIs strong enough to withstand the panel itself as an outer wall.
In addition, “outside heat insulation close contact type” means heat insulation method B in the description of the prior art.₁As described as a mold, it refers to a type in which the cement board and the heat insulating layer are in dry contact, and the wet contact type (B₂Type) is not included.
[0014]
The building obtained by the above solution is a wall type structure, but it is a book wall W₂Because there is no concrete wall hitting in a concrete wall other than the load-bearing wall that cannot be included in the wall amount as a load-bearing wall, the reinforcing bar arrangement and formwork in the non-bearing wall portion such as the upper and lower parts of the window frame The concrete placement can be omitted, the construction amount can be reduced, the building can be lightened by reducing the material used, the cost of the foundation installation (earthwork) associated with the lightening of the building can be reduced, and the materials used and construction As a result of rationalization in terms of quantity and construction days, construction costs can be significantly reduced.
[0015]
Moreover, the outer insulation method is also an inexpensive dry-contact type composite panel, and the load-bearing wall W₁Department and book wall W₂Of the entire outer peripheral wall includingWith breathable layerSince heat insulation can be achieved, cost reduction can also be achieved from the structural surface of the outer peripheral wall.
Therefore, energy is saved by external heat insulation, and prevention of mold and mites in the room can be prevented by preventing condensation, and cracks due to heat stress on the concrete wall and suppression of concrete neutralization can be suppressed, making it a highly durable and comfortable home. Environmental buildings can be obtained at low construction costs.
And since each composite panel A and B is the arrangement | positioning in the form which the equal thickness heat insulating material arranged, the outer wall surface has the same heat insulation function, and the load-bearing wall W ₁ Panels A and B can be used in the interior to obtain a design effect due to the difference in cement plate thickness. ₁ And wall W of composite panel B ₂ It can be distinguished from the wall by the difference in wall thickness, which is advantageous for aesthetics and maintenance..
[0016]
ObedienceTherefore, it is an inexpensive dry contact type composite panel, and the cement board is equipped with a ventilation layer even though the cement board has a greater moisture resistance than the heat insulation layer. Condensation at the interface between a thermal insulation layer and cement boardProtectIt is possible to stop and further prevent condensation by external heat insulation, and it is possible to suppress generation of mold and ticks and deterioration of buildings due to wall condensation.
In addition, the cement board itself as the exterior material is also improved in durability by minimizing the effects of thermal stress (heat stress) due to the ventilation layer, and the joint sealing and exterior coating film associated with the heat stress of the cement board itself is improved. Deterioration can also be prevented, and the freedom of finishing (tiling and painting) of the exterior material (cement board) can be guaranteed.
[0017]
In addition, book wall W₂The part is an opening R such as a window frame.₁And the large opening R including the opening side surface Rs present on the side thereof, the ventilation layerAs a through holeA composite wall B, in which a cement board 1b having 3b, a synthetic resin foam heat insulating layer 2 and an interior material 4 are integrally laminated, is stretched to form a book wall W₂Department andPreferably.
“Integrated” means a structure in which the constituent materials are integrated as the composite panel B, and an adhesive is interposed between the three molded members of the cement board, the synthetic resin foam insulating layer, and the interior material. The integrated one is also made by injecting and foaming a foamable synthetic resin between the cement board and the interior material (cavity) and integrating the three members with the foam solidification adhesive strength of the synthetic resin (Patent No. 2999980 panel) Is also included.
[0018]
Therefore, as shown in FIG.₂The portion is a non-bearing wall portion of the conventional reinforced concrete wall structure shown in FIG.₁Because it becomes far more extensive and there are far fewer reinforced concrete walls, the use of rebar, concrete, formwork, etc. can be reduced, the amount of formwork can be reduced, and the number of construction days can be shortened further. A significant cost reduction can be achieved.
Moreover, since the composite panel also includes the interior material 4, the interior material 4 can be used as a finishing material as it is, or can be used as an interior base material, and the interior finishing can be labor-saving.
[0019]
Further, in the outer heat insulating building of the present invention, the cast concrete wall 5 has a water cement ratio of 55%, a slump value of 12 cm, and a nominal strength of 24 N / mm.²It is preferable to use concreteYes.
In this case, bearing wall W₁It is advantageous to make the wall thickness of the section thicker than the standard wall thickness of the building height and the load-bearing wall for each floor, as stipulated in the calculation standard of the wall-type reinforced concrete structure of the Architectural Institute of Japan.
[0020]
Therefore, based on the design standards for reinforced concrete wall-type structures, the specified strength of the concrete used is 18 N / mm.²The allowable wall quantity is reduced by using concrete that is stronger than (general), and the bearing wall thickness T is the standard wall thickness T.₀The load-bearing wall W₁The horizontal length of the part can be further reduced, the large opening R can be set in a wide range, and the bearing wall W₁As a result, the amount of formwork used for placing the concrete wall 5 having sufficient strength can be further reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced.
[0021]
In addition, the concrete frame has a flat plate structure in which the floor slab S is a non-beam floor, a wall structure is provided on the outside of the floor slab S, and a steel column P is placed between the floor slabs S at appropriate positions.₀, P₁Are arranged in a pin joint structure, and a floor slab (two-way slab) in which columnar strips exist in two directions at right anglesPreferably.
[0022]
in this caseThe concrete frame is a combination of a wall-type structure and a flat plate structure, and a two-way slab transmits horizontal and vertical loads to the floor slab to the outer wall of the tube structure, so that no beam is required. In addition, the flat plate that does not have bearing walls such as small beams that divide the floor slab improves the workability of formwork, rebar construction, and interior, improves the degree of freedom in floor plan design, and improves the period of use of the building. The floor plan can be changed freely.
And each pillar P becomes a structure which does not receive horizontal force with a pin junction structure, Therefore It can be made into a pillar with a small cross section, and is advantageous on the effective use of floor space.
[0023]
In addition, book wall W₂The portion is integrally formed between the upper and lower frames by an extruded cement plate 1b having a large number of side-by-side through-holes 3b therein, an upper frame 6a and a lower frame 6b made of angle steel fixed to the inner surface of the cement plate, and the upper and lower frames. The composite panel B including the synthetic resin foam heat insulating layer 2 and the interior material 4 is fixedly attached to the mounting bracket 10 fixed to the floor slab S via the upper frame 6a and the lower frame 6b of the composite panel B.Preferably.
In addition, the “filling integration” of the synthetic resin foam heat insulating layer includes those obtained by filling and integrating an extruded heat insulating plate via an adhesive.
[0024]
The composite panel is typically a composite panel B of Japanese Patent No. 2999980.₁The extruded cement board has a bending strength about 5 times that of concrete and a compression strength about 2 times that of concrete, and the upper and lower frames and both vertical frames of the composite panel are both angle steel and have sufficient strength. Therefore, the composite panel B alone has sufficient outer wall strength, and the book wall can be easily formed simply by fixing the composite panel B to the floor slab via the mounting bracket 10.₂The interior finish can be saved.
[0025]
Further, the composite panel B includes a plurality of grooves 3a on the inner surface in addition to a large number of internal through-holes 3b as a ventilation layer of the extruded cement board 1b.Is preferred.
in this caseIn addition, the presence of the through hole 3b achieves weight reduction and heat stress reduction by the honeycomb structure of the cement plate, and the groove 3a effectively prevents the interface condensation of the heat insulating layer, so that the through hole 3b and the groove 3a Ventilation further suppresses the deterioration of the insulation function of the panel.
Moreover, the composite panel B has the protective sheet 8 between the surface of the groove 3a of the extruded cement board 1b and the synthetic resin foam heat insulating layer 2.Is preferred.
The protective sheet 8 is typically kraft paper.
Therefore, in this composite panel B, the filling and integration of the synthetic resin foam heat insulating layer 2 can be performed by injection foam molding of the foamable synthetic resin, and the manufacture of the composite panel B becomes easy.
[0026]
In addition, book wall W₂Opening R₁Is provided with a window frame aluminum sash, and an air hole H is formed in the rain drain 17a and the water drain 17b of the window frame aluminum sash 17.₁₇The through hole 3b of the composite panel B above and below the aluminum sash 17 is formed in the air hole H.₁₇And communication structurePreferably.
in this caseAlong with the composite panel B stretched on the opening side surface Rs, the window frame opening R₁The upper and lower short composite panels B can also achieve air flow through the through-hole 3b.₁Because the wall of the entire outer periphery of the building and the composite panel of the air flow through the air, the entire outer peripheral wall of the building exhibits homogeneous external heat insulation and anti-condensation ability, which is advantageous for energy saving and high durability of the building with excellent living environment .
[0027]
Further, the composite panel B is stretched on the floor slab S with respect to the plate receiver 10a made of angle steel pieces in which the anchor piece 10b is embedded and fixed in the floor slab S, and the mounting hole of the upper frame 6a of the lower composite panel B H₆And mounting holes H in the lower frame 6b of the upper composite panel B₆The position of the front part of the mounting plate 10d having the connecting pin 10e penetrating through the rear part is fixed and fixed on the horizontal plate 10a 'of the plate receiver 10a.Preferably.
in this caseThe vertical composite panel B is maintained at a vertical level by being inserted into one connecting pin 10e, and the position of the composite panel B on the floor slab S can be made uniform by adjusting the mounting plate 10d in the front-rear direction, and includes an anchor piece 10b. If the plate holder 10a is fixed to the floor slab S when placing a concrete wall,₂The composite panel can be stretched uniformly and easily by the post-attaching means after placing the concrete wall 5.
[0028]
Further, the composite panel B is stretched on the floor slab S by mounting holes H between the lower frame 6b of the upper composite panel B and the upper frame 6a of the lower composite panel B.₆The front part of the mounting plate 10d fixed to the rear part of the connecting pin 10e penetrating into the floor is embedded in the floor slab S together with the anchor piece 10b extending from the front of the plate 10d.Preferably.
in this caseBy setting the anchor piece 10b in the bar arrangement during construction of the concrete formwork, the composite panel B can be fixed to the floor slab S by the concrete placement of the floor slab S, and the bearing wall W₁Composite panel and book wall W₂The composite panel can be constructed at the same time, and the construction man-hours can be reduced.
[0029]
Further, the lower end surface Be of the composite panel B is the upper surface S of the floor slab S._fLocated slightly belowIs preferred.
in this case, The gap d between the lower end surface Be of the upper composite panel B and the upper end surface Bt of the lower composite panel B₁(FIGS. 5 and 6) are provided with a sealing 9 (FIG. 9) at the time of external finishing.₁Even if rainwater intrudes from the top surface S of the floor slab_fIntrusion can be prevented.
[0030]
In addition, book wall W₂The upper and lower connecting parts Bc are provided with sealing panels 9 (FIG. 9) between the outer surface plates 1b 'and between the inner surface plates 1b' 'of the extruded cement plate 1b.Preferably.
in this caseEven if the sealing 9 between the outer surface plates 1b 'deteriorates and rainwater enters from the connecting portion Bc of the cement plate 1b, the intruding rainwater flows downward from the numerous through holes 3b inside the cement plate. As long as the sealing 9 between the 1b ″ functions, rainwater intrusion can be prevented, and the sealing applied to the outer surface plate 1b ′ does not require maintenance and is free of sealing.
[0031]
In addition, bearing wall W₁The composite panel A is provided with an extruded cement board 1a having a large number of grooves 3a as an air-permeable layer on the inner surface, and a synthetic resin foam heat insulating layer 2 that is in contact with and integrated with the inner surface of the cement board 1a. Is integrated with the concrete wall 5 by interposing a water-impermeable sheet 7 such as a plastic sheet between the synthetic resin foam insulating layer 2 and the cast concrete wall 5.Preferably.
in this caseThe moisture released by dry burning of the cast concrete wall 5 flows to the indoor side, and the function deterioration due to moisture absorption of the heat insulating layer 2 can be prevented.
[0032]
Further, the composite panel A includes a protective sheet 8 between the inner surface of the groove 3a and the heat insulating layer 2.Is preferred.
in this caseEven if the heat insulating layer is integrally formed by injecting and foaming synthetic resin on the inner surface of the cement plate 1a, there is no worry of blocking the groove 3a group, and the manufacture of the composite panel A becomes easy.
[0033]
Also, DoublePanel A, BofIn the upper and lower connecting parts Ac and Bc, a sealing 9 is provided via a backer material 9a that ensures the vertical communication of the air flow a in the groove 3a.Preferably.
It should be noted that the backer material only needs to have an uneven surface having substantially the same form as the groove, and air communication may be ensured by the air flow function of the material itself.
in this caseFurther, the backer material 9a also has a concave and convex strip 3a '(Fig. 8) for communicating between the upper and lower grooves 3a. , B can ensure the up-down flow of air through the groove 3a.
0034]
Moreover, the composite panel B suitable for the building of this invention₂as,As shown in FIG.The vertical side of the upper frame 6a and the lower frame 6b made of equilateral angle steel are fixed with Z clips 70 on the upper and lower inner surfaces of an extruded cement plate 1b having a plurality of upper and lower through-holes 3b arranged in parallel. Are integrated in parallel with the upper and lower frames, and the distance L from each end of the upper and lower frames 6a and 6b.₇₁In a form in which the reinforcing flat steel plate 71 is cross-crossed into a form having a flat plate 71 and the cement plate 1b are covered between the upper and lower frames 6a and 6b by fixing a suitable position of each flat steel plate 71 to the cement plate 1b with a fixing bolt 72. Thickness t₂Is the horizontal protrusion width L of the upper and lower frames 6a, 6b.₇₀A thicker synthetic resin foam heat insulation layer 2 is integrally laminated on the synthetic resin foam heat insulation layer 2.Panel B ₂ Is preferred.
0035]
In addition, “integrated lamination” means that the cement plate 1b and the interior material are set on the mold even when the extrusion heat insulating plate and the interior material (not shown) are bonded to each other through the cement plate and the adhesive. Then, the three layers may be integrally laminated by the solidification adhesive force of the injected foamed synthetic resin.
Therefore, the composite panel B₂Is suitable as a composite panel for a book wall of the building of the present invention, because the cement board has a through hole 3b as a ventilation layer, is provided with upper and lower frames 6a and 6b, and is provided with a heat insulating layer 2 and an interior material. Further, since the reinforcing flat steel plate 71 is embedded and the reinforcing flat steel plate 71 is fixed to the cement plate at various places, it has sufficient strength as a book wall for the outer wall, and there is no problem even if the vertical frames 6c on both sides are omitted. Furthermore, the end of the flat steel plate is separated from the frame by a distance L₇₁Since the heat insulation layer is thicker than the horizontal protrusion width of the frames 6a and 6b, the effect of preventing thermal bridges is exhibited and the dew condensation is excellent.
0036]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[DuplicatePanel A (Figs. 4 and 7)]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the thickness t₁Is 25mm and depth t₃Is extruded with cement, a siliceous raw material and a fibrous raw material in a form in which a large number of 13 mm strips 3a are arranged on the inner surface, and autoclaved to form an extruded cement board.
And as the heat insulation layer 2, thickness t₂A composite panel A is formed by laminating and integrating an extruded polystyrene foam plate having a thickness of 75 mm on the surface of the groove 3a of the cement plate with an adhesive so that each groove is not crushed.
0037]
[DuplicatePanel B (FIGS. 7, 9, and 15)]
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, the extruded cement board 1b as the exterior board has a thickness t.₆Is provided with an outer surface plate 1b ′ and an inner surface plate 1b ″ of 12 mm, and the width t₅The vertical through-holes 3b having a thickness of 36 mm are arranged in parallel inside, and the thickness t₄Is 60 mm in shape and is extruded and molded from the same material as the cement panel 1a of the composite panel A.
0038]
Then, three pieces of the extrusion-molded cement plate 1b are made into one set, and the upper frame 6a and the lower frame 6b (FIGS. 5 and 15) of the angle steel material of the equilateral angle steel are connected to the cement plate 1b and the Z clip 70 (FIG. 15). A vertical frame 6c (FIG. 7) is passed between the upper and lower frames, and a frame enclosure is formed on the four sides of the inner surface of the cement board 1b by the upright sides of the frames 6a, 6b, 6c of each angle piece. , Thickness t in the frame enclosure₂A heat-insulating layer 2 of a rigid foamed urethane foam plate having a thickness of 75 mm, and two sheets of gypsum board 4 having a thickness of 12.5 mm are further laminated on the heat-insulating layer 2 by adhesive bonding together to form a composite panel B.
0039]
still, DoubleAs the combined panel B, a composite panel of Japanese Patent No. 2999980 (laminated and integrated by injection foam formation of a heat insulating layer) B₁May be used.
Further, as a composite board panel B, as shown in FIG.₇₀Is used as the frame material, and the width d on the inner surface of the cement board 1b.₃Is a separation dimension L in which each of the flat steel plates 71 having a thickness of 50 mm and a thickness of 6 mm is not in contact with each frame.₇₁Crossed into a form having a thickness of t₂A 75mm extruded polystyrene foam board or rigid foamed urethane foam board is used as the heat insulation layer 2, and 12.5mm thick interior material (gypsum board) is used on the heat insulation layer 2, and the cement board, heat insulation layer, and interior material are bonded together. Composite panel B that is laminated and suitable for thermal bridge prevention₂May be used.
0040]
[Concrete frame structure (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3)]
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a four-story building (excluding the fourth floor in the drawing), a length X of 22.65 m, a depth Y of 7.85 m, and an opening O of the middle stairs is 2.45 m. set to target. Each window opening R is in front of the window₁And a large opening R including the opening side face Rs, and the bearing wall thickness T₁Is 220 mm and each bearing wall W on the side of the large opening R₁Is width W₁₀The floor slab S is a single flat plate, and the floor slab S has a structure in which a concrete structure such as a load-bearing wall and a small beam as shown in FIG. 17 does not exist. The floor slab thickness is large opening R₁X with₁180mm on the side, X₂The side is 150 mm.
And with conventional reinforcement and formwork, water cement ratio 55%, slump 12cm, nominal strength 24N / mm²Concrete (standard value 18N / mm²) To construct the placement.
0041]
As shown in FIG. 4, the bearing wall W of the outer wall of the building₁In the part, the composite panel A is made into a concrete outer formwork in the form in which the heat insulation anchor 12 protrudes and is fixed inside the heat insulation layer 2 with a countersunk bolt 12a at a proper position of the composite panel A at the time of the concrete formwork, and a conventional separator means (concrete The formwork was formed with the inner formwork (not shown) via the separator 62, the P-con 63, the KP-con 64, and the panel separator 65), and the composite panel A was fixed to the outer surface along with the construction of the frame by placing concrete. Bearing wall W₁Forming part. In FIG. 4, h₀Is a recessed hole (FIG. 4C) in which the head of the flat head bolt enters, h₁Is the separator hole, h at finish₀, H₁Co-filling is applied.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, if the thickness of the composite panel A is supplemented with a crosspiece 13, the composite panels A and B can be used together as a mold, and the composite panel B without the interior material 4 can be used as a bearing wall. W₁When used together with the composite panel A, the difference in thickness between the cement boards of both panels (the thickness of the cement board t of panel A)₃: 25mm, panel B cement thickness t₄: 50mm), the design effect of the building exterior can be obtained.
0042]
[Arrangement of pillars (FIGS. 2 and 3)]
The inner and outer columns use square steel pipes, and the inner column P₁The first floor is 125 × 125 × 9 (vertical 125mm, width 125mm, thickness 9mm), the second and third floors are 125 × 125 × 6, the fourth floor is 125 × 125 × 4.5, and the outer pillar P₀The first floor is 100 × 100 × 9, the second floor is 100 × 100 × 6, the third floor is 100 × 100 × 4.5, and the fourth floor is 100 × 100 × 3.2. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, each square steel pipe has an anchor bolt hole H at the lower end.₃₁A column base plate 31 having a column head plate 32 with a stud bolt 33 fixed on the upper surface is fixed to the upper end of the square steel pipe by welding in advance.
0043]
The column base plate 31 and the column head plate 32 are selected from the column arrangement interval, the load load, etc., but in the building of this embodiment, the column interval P_X5.95m, P_Y2.8m and each pillar P₀, P₁Is a two-way slab that forms columnar strips in the X and Y directions. In addition, the column base plate 31 is 245 × 245 × 20 on the first floor, the second floor is 245 × 245 × 20 (vertical 245 mm, width 245 mm, thickness 20 mm), the third floor and the fourth floor are 245 × 245 × 16, and the stigma plate 32 is on the first floor. The second floor is 245 × 245 × 20, the third floor is 200 × 200 × 16, and a structure that does not cause shear fracture (punching shear) to the floor slab S on the lower surface of the column base plate 31 is adopted.
0044]
Each square steel pipe column P₀, P₁Is fixed when the floor slab S on the outer floor is hardened, the column base plate 31 is fixed to the bolt hole H for the anchor.₃₁Is fixed to the floor slab S with a chemical anchor bolt (not shown), and when the upper floor slab is assembled, the stud bolt 33 of the stigma plate 32 is placed in the mold, and the concrete of the upper floor slab S is placed. Thus, the stud bolt 33 and the head 33 ′ having the anchor function are buried and fixed in the concrete together with the reinforcing bar.
0045]
[Extension of book wall]
[Example 1 (Fig. 5) after installation]
As shown in FIG. 5, as a fixed piece 10f of the mounting bracket 10, a lower bent portion 10b 'is formed at a tip of a diameter of 19mm on the vertical side of a plate holder 10a of a length of 200mm made of equilateral angle steel having a size of 75mm x 75mm and a thickness of 6mm. The anchor piece 10b having a length of 150 mm provided is fixed by welding, and a concrete stopper 10c having a width 10t for enclosing both sides and the front end of the plate receiving horizontal side upper surface is welded to the lower side of the horizontal side as shown in FIG. The fixed piece 10f is arranged in advance in the form of the floor slab S, and the concrete is not poured into the concrete stopper 10c as shown in FIG. 5A by the concrete placement, and the anchor piece 10b is firmly in the concrete. It is fixed in a form that is gripped and fixed to.
0046]
On the side of the composite panel B, a connecting pin 10e protruding and fixed vertically is fixed to a pin hole He on the rear side of a mounting plate 10d having a front and rear width of 160 mm and a length of 180 mm and a thickness of 9 mm. Connecting hole H of frame 6b₆The lower half is the connection hole H of the lower panel upper frame 6a.₆After adjusting the position of the mounting plate 10d in the front / rear / right / left direction on the plate receiver 10a, the mounting plate 10d is welded and fixed on the plate receiver 10a via the welding hole Hm. The end surface Be), that is, the upper surface of the mounting plate 10d is the floor slab upper surface S as shown in FIG._fFrom d₂(11mm) Fix it in the position located below.
0047]
As shown in FIG. 5, d between the upper end surface Bt of the lower composite panel B and the lower end surface Be of the upper composite panel B.₁Is 20 mm, and a heat insulating plate 22 is sandwiched except for the mounting plate 10d portion (FIG. 9), and between the upper and lower frames 6a and 6b of the mounting plate portion is filled with rigid foamed urethane foam by on-site injection, Fill with mortar. Of course, the mortar 23 is also filled in the space formed between the floor slab S and the composite panel B (FIG. 9).
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a heat insulating plate 22 having a sealing rubber 9b bonded to one side of a hard urethane foam plate having a thickness of 20 mm and a width of 75 mm is previously bonded to the portion other than the mounting bracket of the upper frame 6a of the composite panel B. In addition, after the composite panel B is stretched between the floor slabs S and the wall is formed, sealing is applied to the gap between the wall panels and the bearing wall A formed simultaneously with the concrete wall formation. And finish all the walls of the building.
Note wall W₂Part is composite panel B or composite panel B₁(Patent No. 2999980 panel) and composite panel B₂(FIG. 15) is freely selected and adopted.
0048]
[Example 2 (Fig. 6) First mounting]
As shown in FIG. 6B, the same mounting plate 10d as that used for the rear mounting is used._dAn L-shaped anchor piece 10b (19 mm diameter) that is bent and extended is welded and fixed to the front lower surface of the plate, and a mounting bracket 10 having a connecting pin 10e fixed in a penetrating manner is prepared at the rear of the plate 10d.
Next, a wooden animal 60 having a thickness of 11 mm and a width of 100 mm is sandwiched between the mounting plate 10 d and the upper frame 6 a of the composite panel B, and a mold plywood piece having a thickness of 12 mm and a width of 100 mm is placed on the mounting plate 10 d. 61 is placed and the animal 60 and the plywood piece 61 are used as a closed frame, and the attachment hole H of the upper frame 6a is located below the connecting pin 10e of the attachment plate 10d.₆In the state where the upper frame 6a of the composite plate B is engaged with the mounting plate 10d, the anchor piece 10b of the metal fitting 10 is placed in the slab reinforcing bar (reinforcement) in the mold and assembled. Of course, as in Example 1, a heat insulating plate 22 having a sealing rubber 9b bonded to one side is bonded in advance to the portion other than the mounting bracket 10 on the upper frame 6a of the composite panel B.
0049]
Next, the mounting bracket 10 is fixed to the slab concrete by placing slab concrete, the cage 60 and the mold plywood piece 61 are removed together with the dismantling of the mold, and a mounting hole (not shown) in the lower frame 6b of the upper panel B is formed. The lower frame 6b is placed on the mounting plate 10d by being inserted into the upper projecting portion of the connecting pin 10e, and the upper composite panel B has a lower surface on the upper surface S of the floor slab._fLock and fix at a lower level (11 mm lower).
0050]
The upper end of the upper composite panel B, that is, the upper frame 6a is stretched to the floor slab in the same manner when the next upper-stage slab S is opposed to the next-stage frame and concrete is placed.
The interval in which the animal 60 was interposed is processed in the same manner as the interval process in the post-attachment of Example 1.
As described above, since the mounting of the composite panel upper frame 6a and the mounting bracket 10 to the floor slab can be performed simultaneously with the concrete placement of the floor slab, the mounting bracket 10 is more compared to the rear mounting of Example 1. Simplification is possible, and construction can be streamlined by reducing man-hours.
0051]
[Tensioning to window frame opening (Figs. 13 and 14)]
As shown in FIG. 13, the window frame is installed between the upper and lower book wall composite panels B. The composite panel B used on the upper and lower sides of the window frame is manufactured in advance at a predetermined size at the factory, and the panel structure itself is opened. This is the same as that applied to the side surface portion Rs. And the special ventilation means was provided to the window frame side.
That is, as shown in FIG. 6, a wooden window frame 18 and a window frame fixing material 19 are used, and the window frame of the aluminum sash 17 is fixedly formed by the mounting piece 20, and air holes are provided in the rain drain 17b and the water drain 17a of the aluminum sash 17. H₁₇The air flow a is generated in the through-hole 3b of the composite panel B, the drain 17a and the rain 17b, and a seal 9 is provided in each gap between the composite panel B and the aluminum sash 17.
0052]
[Outer wall ceiling, rooftop (Figs. 10, 11)]
When a parking lot or the like is formed on the first floor and the ceiling portion becomes an outer wall, the composite panel A is placed on the lower surface and the side surface of the ceiling slab S as shown in FIG. Use it for the outer formwork and stretch it as a single unit. The composite panel B is stretched on the floor slab S by the above-described post-attaching means or the pre-attaching means, and the air hole H of the drainer 17a is provided.₁₇The mounting gap of the panel B is processed so that an air flow a from the through hole 3b is generated. Of course bearing wall W₁Even if it exists in a part, the bottom end part of the composite panel A integrated with the concrete wall 5 is cleaned up so that the airflow a may arise with the drainage 17 and the groove | channel 3a as an air layer.
0053]
As shown in FIG. 11, an asphalt waterproof layer is formed on the waterproof ground mortar over the upper end of the concrete wall 5 even on the roof top, as shown in FIG. 11, on the concrete floor slab S and the concrete wall 5. Two 40 mm thick polystyrene foam boards (skinboards) are laid on the asphalt as a heat insulation layer, and a 30 mm thick polystyrene foam board is laid on the wall beam WL at the top of the concrete wall 5 as a heat insulation layer. Applying 50 mm thick concrete and 30 mm thick mortar as a base for the bearing wall₁Upper end of department and book wall W₂Corresponding to the difference in wall thickness from the upper end of the section, aluminum headboard A (panel A part) with a width of 315 mm and aluminum headboard B (panel B part) with a width of 350 mm are applied, and the air layer (strip groove) 3a and the through-hole 3b) are communicated to the lower end (not shown) of the aluminum caps to allow the air flow a to flow from the lowermost wall surfaces of the composite panels A and B to the aluminum caps.
0054]
[Example effects]
Concerning the concrete frame, 4 stories of reinforced concrete wall structure, 480m in length with 2LDK 8 houses on both sides in the middle stairs.²Table 1 compares the present invention and the conventional example in terms of the amount of concrete, formwork, and reinforcing bars used.

0055]
As described above, even with a simple comparison from the viewpoint of the materials used, the building of the present invention is 33.1% lower than the conventional product of the same scale.
Furthermore, the weight of the building in the comparative example (concrete, rebar, steel frame) is 682.7 tons for the conventional building and 521.9 tons for the building of the present invention, and the present invention can reduce the weight by 23%.
In Table 2, there is a unit price difference between the conventional and the present invention, but because concrete has a different design standard strength, the formwork is a beam, a partition wall, or a window frame around the present invention. Because there is no mold work, the rebar is due to the difference in the ratio of the rebar between the floor slab and the soil that does not require labor and the difficulty of construction, and the present invention does not use a large-diameter bar steel, It also depends on the fact that there is no beam, so there are few troublesome items such as gluteal bars, and the floor slab bars do not have bending lines.
0056]
In addition, in the building of the present invention, the weight of the building can be reduced and the foundation construction cost can be reduced, the total number of structures is small, the slab of the formwork is flat and there are few walls, and the rebar is assembled. The construction cost can be shortened because workability is good, and the construction cost can be shortened by using the composite panel B at the opening of the wall, which can save labor such as the provision of a lightweight partition base and the spraying of heat insulation. Cost can be reduced.
In other words, the building of the present invention can actually reduce the cost more than the cost of 33.1% in terms of the material that can be calculated in the design, compared with the conventional building.
0057]
In addition, the concrete of the present invention has a water cement ratio of 55%, which is a neutralization period (the hardened concrete absorbs carbon dioxide in the air from the surface as compared with the water cement ratio of 65% of conventional (ordinary) concrete). However, when calcium hydroxide in the concrete changes to calcium and the alkalinity is lost as a result, when the concrete covering thickness of the reinforcing bar is 4 cm, the water-cement ratio is 65% (conventional product) in 68 years. When the cement ratio is 55% (invention), 142 years, and with a concrete covering thickness of 3 cm (standard), the water cement ratio is 65% for 38 years, and the water cement ratio is 55% for 80 years.
0058]
In the present invention, since the concrete itself is highly durable and the entire outer surface of the concrete frame is protected by external heat insulation, the neutralization promoting factor due to condensation on the concrete wall is removed, and the inside of the frame concrete is removed. The neutralization period is longer than the nominal neutralization period value (JASS5, Reinforced Concrete Construction, Architectural Institute of Japan), and the concrete frame protected by external insulation is also the heat stress that causes cracking. Since it is a heat insulation layer, it can be suppressed to about 1/25 compared to that of internal heat insulation, and the building of the present invention becomes a highly durable building.
0059]
In addition, the building of the present invention has a floor with no beams and a thickness of 15 cm or more (X in FIG. 2).₁Side 18cm, X₂Since the flat plate on the side slab has a tube structure, and the column on the floor slab is also a pin-joined steel column with a small cross section, the floor slab S has sufficient strength as a tube structure building, The floor also has a sufficient sound insulation function, the space on the floor slab S can be used effectively, the degree of freedom of floor plan is high, and the floor plan can be changed within the period of use of the room. In addition, the height between each floor slab can be set relatively low because there are no exit beams, etc., and a four-story condominium can be constructed even under a 10-meter height restriction, which increases business efficiency in rental condominiums. .
Therefore, as a medium- and low-rise building of 5 stories or less, it is an externally insulated building rich in epoch-making practicality from the viewpoints of construction cost, usability, and comfort.
0060]
In addition, since the entire outer peripheral wall of the building is formed with composite panels A and B as factory-produced products, an outer heat insulating wall having functions as designed at the time of manufacture can be obtained.₁The part can be stretched together with the concrete formwork, and the wall W₂It can be reasonably constructed by a relatively simple operation of fixing the upper and lower frames of the composite panel with the mounting bracket 10 and the composite panel A, B has a ventilation layer so that it can be prevented from dew condensation. As well as contributing to the improvement of the durability of the concrete, the heat stress of the concrete frame and the cement board of the panel is also suppressed, and the degree of freedom and durability of exterior coating etc. on the outer wall surface is ensured. In addition, it is a building that is much more advantageous than conventional external insulation buildings from the viewpoint of adding design.
0061]
【The invention's effect】
Although it is a reinforced concrete wall structure, it cannot be included in the outer peripheral wall as a load bearing wall (non-bearing wall W in FIG. 17).₀) Was made into a wall made of factory-produced panels, reducing the amount of concrete, rebar, and formwork used, and shortening the construction period.₁Department and book wall W₂Because all the outer peripheral walls of the building are made of composite panels of factory-produced products, uniform external insulation function can be easily and reasonably achieved, and the weight of the building itself is reduced by reducing the usage of concrete, reinforcing bars, etc. The cost of even the civil engineering work associated with the construction of the building can be reduced, and a large exterior insulation building that uses a space with no wall protruding due to the wall structure has a lower construction cost than a conventional exterior insulation structure with a wall structure. In addition, it is possible to provide a building that can be constructed in a short period of time and has an epoch-making practicality in the construction industry.
0062]
In addition, bearing wall W₁And wall W₂As for the composite panel used as an exterior, the outer cement board has a ventilation layer to prevent dew condensation in the building and to suppress the heat stress of the composite panel and the concrete frame. It is a building that guarantees liberalization and is excellent in design.
0063]
Moreover, because the concrete frame is a flat slab tube structure with a wall structure, and because the pillar on the floor slab is a pin-joint structure and a small cross-sectional pillar, it is possible to liberate and change the layout of the residence. Since liberalization is realized and there are no beams in the room, the height between the floor slabs can be relatively low, and buildings with many floors can be built even under certain height restrictions, and the usage efficiency is good. Buildings with good habitability can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a building according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view of only the concrete frame of the building of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory perspective view of a steel column.
4A and 4B are explanatory views of attaching the composite panel A to the load bearing wall, where FIG. 4A is a partial perspective view of a corner portion, and FIG. C) is an enlarged view of part C of (B).
FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory views of post-attachment of the composite panel B to the floor slab S, where FIG. 5A is an attachment state diagram, and FIG.
FIGS. 6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams for attaching the composite panel B to the floor slab S, in which FIG. 6A is an attachment state diagram, and FIG. 6B is a mold frame state diagram;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a joint relationship between the composite panels of the load bearing wall and the book wall.
FIGS. 8A and 8B are explanatory views of the upper and lower joints at the load bearing wall, where FIG. 8A is a partial perspective view of the upper and lower joints, and FIG.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view for explaining the vertical joint relationship of the composite panel B.
10 is a view showing a structure for attaching the composite panel B to the ceiling of the floor slab S. FIG.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a form of providing a heat insulating structure to the rooftop.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the composite panel B is used together with the composite panel A as a concrete wall outer formwork.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of an arrangement state of window frames in a book wall.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of the state of engagement between the composite panel B and the window frame.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory perspective view of a modified composite panel used for a book wall.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example, (A) is an explanatory diagram of an outer heat insulation method, (B) is an explanatory diagram in which a dry-contact panel is used as a concrete outer frame, and (C) is an illustration of (B). It is explanatory drawing of the adhering form with the concrete wall of a composite panel.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view for explaining a concrete frame in a conventional reinforced concrete wall structure.
[Explanation of symbols]
1a, 1b ... cement plate, 1b '... outer surface plate, 1b "... inner surface plate,
3a ... groove (breathing layer), 3b ... through hole (breathing layer), 4 ... interior material,
5 ... Concrete wall, 6a ... Upper frame, 6b ... Lower frame, 6c ... Vertical frame,
7 ... Water-impermeable sheet, 8 ... Protective sheet, 9 ... Sealing,
9a ... Backer material, 9b ... Sealing rubber, 10 ... Mounting bracket,
10a ... Plate holder, 10b ... Anchor piece, 10c ... Concrete stop,
10d ... Mounting plate, 10e ... Connecting pin, 12 ... Thermal insulation anchor,
12a ... countersunk bolt, 13 ... pier, 14 ... side end thick,
15 ... Form tie, 16 ... Separator, 17 ... Aluminum sash,
17a ... rain drain, 17b ... drainer, 18 ... wooden window frame,
19 ... Window frame fixing material, 20 ... Mounting piece, 21 ... On-site foamed urethane,
22 ... heat insulation plate, 23 ... mortar,
31 ... Column base plate, 32 ... Column head plate, 33 ... Stud bolt,
60 ... life, 61 ... plywood pieces, 62 ... concrete separator,
63 ... P-con, 64 ... KP-con, 65 ... Panel separator,
70 ... Z clip, 71 ... Reinforced flat steel plate, 72 ... Fixing bolt,
Ac, Bc ... Composite panel connection part, A, B, B₁, B₂... Composite panels
P (P₀, P₁) ... Steel column, R ... Large opening, R₁···Aperture,
Rs ... Open side, S ... Floor slab, S_f... Floor slab surface

Claims (15)

An outer heat insulating dry contact type composite panel (A) having an outer cement plate (1a) having a groove (3a) for allowing air from outside to flow up and down, and an inner heat insulating layer (2); An outer cement plate (1b) having a thickness larger than that of the cement panel (1a) of the composite panel (A), and a composite panel (A) having a through hole (3b) through which an air flow from the outside flows vertically Using the outer heat insulating dry contact type composite panel (B) provided with the heat insulating layer (2) of the same thickness and the heat insulating layer (2) of equal thickness, the bearing wall (W ₁ ) part and the book wall (W ₂ ) parts and reinforced concrete wall structure with an outer wall comprising a load bearing wall integral with the floor slab (S) constituting the concrete framework (W ₁₎ in the section composite panel (a), or a composite panel (a ) and composite panel (B) a load-bearing walls with concrete stamping outer mold frame (W ₁₎ of the Integrated with muscle concrete wall (5), in stretched to Tobarikabe (W ₂₎ in the section composite panel (B) only the floor slab (S), and the total composite panel (A, B) is a heat insulating layer ( 2) and forming the outer wall, the entire outer periphery including the rooftop is used as the outer heat insulation, and the entire outer wall composed of the load bearing wall (W ₁ ) and the book wall (W ₂ ) can be passed through the air. Building. The book wall (W ₂ ) portion has a through hole (3b) in a large opening portion (R) including an opening portion (R ₁ ) such as a window frame and an opening side surface portion (Rs) present on the side thereof. The exterior heat insulation building of Claim 1 which stretched | stretched the composite panel (B) by which the cement board (1b), the synthetic resin foam heat insulation layer (2), and the interior material (4) were laminated | stacked integrally. The concrete frame has a flat plate structure with a floor slab (S) with a non-beam floor and a wall with a wall outside the floor slab (S). The outer heat-insulated building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein P ₀ , P ₁ ) are arranged in a pin joint structure to form a floor slab (two-way slab) having columnar strips in two directions at right angles. The book wall (W ₂ ) is composed of an extruded cement plate (1b) having a large number of side-by-side through holes (3b) therein, an upper frame (6a) made of an angle steel material fixed to the inner surface of the cement plate, and a lower frame Mounting the composite panel (B) comprising the frame (6b), the synthetic resin foam heat insulating layer (2) filled and integrated between the upper and lower frames, and the interior material (4) fixed to the floor slab (S) The external heat insulation building of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3 fixedly tensioned to the metal fitting (10) via the upper frame (6a) and lower frame (6b) of this composite panel (B). 5. The outer heat insulation according to claim 4, wherein the composite panel (B) is provided with a number of grooves (3a) on the inner surface in addition to a number of internal through-holes (3b) as a ventilation layer of the extruded cement board (1b). Building. The outer heat insulating building according to claim 5, wherein the composite panel (B) has a protective sheet (8) between the surface of the groove (3a) of the extruded cement board (1b) and the synthetic resin foam heat insulating layer (2). . A window frame aluminum sash is arranged in the opening (R ₁ ) of the book wall (W ₂ ), and air holes (H ₁₇ ) are arranged in the window frame aluminum sash (17) in the rain drain (17a) and in the water drain (17b). The outer heat insulating building according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the through holes (3b) of the upper and lower composite panels (B) are communicated with the air holes (H ₁₇ ). Tensioning of the composite panel (B) to the floor slab (S) at the book wall (W ₂ ) is performed by receiving a plate made of angle steel pieces in which anchor pieces (10b) are embedded and fixed in the floor slab (S). (10a), a connection penetrating through the mounting hole (H ₆ ) of the upper frame (6a) of the lower composite panel (B) and the mounting hole (H ₆ ) of the lower frame (6b) of the upper composite panel (B) The outer part of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the front part of the mounting plate (10d) having a pin (10e) at the rear part is positioned and fixed on the horizontal plate (10a ') of the plate receiver (10a). Insulated building. Tensioning of the composite panel (B) to the floor slab (S) at the book wall (W ₂ ) is performed by lower frame (6b) of the upper composite panel (B) and upper frame (6a) of the lower composite panel (B). ) With the anchor piece (10b) extending from the front portion of the plate (10d), the front portion of the mounting plate (10d) fixed to the rear portion with the connecting pin (10e) penetrating each mounting hole (H ₆ ). The external heat insulation building of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7 embed | buried and fixed in a floor slab (S). The lower end surface (Be) a top _{(S f)} slightly above _{(d 2)} external insulation building according to claim 8 or 9 is fixed to the lower position of the floor slab (S) of the composite panel (B). The book wall (W ₂ ) part has a composite panel (B) vertically connected and stretched, and each of the upper and lower connection parts (Bc) is between the outer surface plates (1b ′) of the extruded cement plate (1b) and the inner surface plate ( 1b ") The outer heat insulation building of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 10 which provided the sealing (9) between each other. The bearing wall (W ₁ ) is composed of an extruded cement board (1a) having a number of grooves (3a) as a ventilation layer on the inner surface, and a synthetic resin that is in contact with and integrated with the inner surface of the cement board (1a). A water-impermeable sheet (7) such as a plastic sheet is used between the synthetic resin foam heat insulation layer (2) and the cast concrete wall (5), with the composite panel (A) having the foam heat insulation layer (2). The outer heat-insulating building according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which is integrated with the concrete wall (5) through a). The external insulation building according to claim 12, wherein the composite panel (A) includes a protective sheet (8) between the inner groove (3a) and the heat insulation layer (2). In the upper and lower connecting parts (Ac, Bc) of the composite panel (A, B), sealing (9) is provided via a backer material (9a) that ensures vertical communication of the air flow (a) in the groove (3a). The outer heat insulating building according to any one of claims 6 to 13. Z clips clip the vertical sides of the upper frame (6a) and lower frame (6b) made of equilateral angle iron on the upper and lower inner surfaces of an extruded cement board (1b) with a large number of upper and lower through holes (3b) arranged in parallel. (70) and a plurality of cement plates (1b) are integrated in parallel with the upper and lower frames, and the reinforced flat steel plate has a dimension (L ₇₁ ) away from each end of the upper and lower frames (6a, 6b). (71) is crossed and the appropriate position of each flat steel plate (71) is fixed to the cement plate (1b) with fixing bolts (72), and the flat steel plate (71) and cement plate ( 1b), the synthetic resin foam heat insulation layer (2) having a thickness (t ₂ ) thicker than the horizontal protrusion width (L ₇₀ ) of the upper and lower frames (6a, 6b), and the synthetic resin foam heat insulation layer (2 ) Above is a composite panel for exterior thermal insulation buildings with integrated interior materials.

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