JP3617192B2 - Document structure conversion apparatus and document structure conversion method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a document structure conversion apparatus and a document structure conversion method for creating a document structure, and more particularly to a document structure conversion apparatus and a document structure conversion method for creating a document structure that satisfies a structure constraint of a predetermined document class.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A document that has a logical structure represented by chapters, sections, and paragraphs as a component is called a structured document. By unifying the structure of this document, it is easy to share and convert documents. Are known. With the spread of international standards such as SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) and ODA (Office Document Architecture), structured documents are becoming the mainstream of electronic documents.
[0003]
This structured document is usually structured according to a classification called a document class that defines the structure and components of the document. In ODA, the common logical structure corresponds to the document class, and in SGML, DTD (Data Type Definition) plays the role of the document class.
[0004]
In a structured document, it is important that the document structure conforms to the constraints of the document class. For example, a rule for laying out a structured document is often determined on the assumption that the document structure and its constituent elements satisfy the constraints of a specific document class. For this reason, when the document structure deviates from the document class restriction, output with a correct layout cannot be performed.
[0005]
Many programs for processing many structured documents, such as creating an abstract list from a group of reports, use the fact that a target document is created according to a specific document class. When such a program is used, the presence of a document that does not follow a predetermined document class can be an obstacle to program execution. Furthermore, in a database that targets structured documents, the document class is often used as a schema, and the presence of data that deviates from the schema greatly impairs the reliability of the database.
[0006]
Therefore, in order to apply various processing programs prepared for a document conforming to a certain document class B to a document of another document class A, the document structure according to the document class A is changed to another document class B. Must be converted to a document structure according to
[0007]
In order to solve the above problem, a rule defining a 1: 1 relationship between nodes is prepared such that a node of type a in document class A is converted to a node of type b in document class B by conversion. The document structure is determined by determining which type of node in the document class B each node in the document structure according to the document class A uses the rules when converting the document structure. Some perform conversions.
[0008]
For example, “Structure of Editing Structured Documents—Problem and solutions (Electronic Publishing, vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 209-216) by Fred Cole, Heather Brown”, ck. For the type of node specified in document class A, the type of node specified in document class B after the conversion of that type node is defined as a rule. Therefore, a method of converting each node of the document structure according to a predefined rule can be easily considered.
[0009]
JP-A-7-28817 discloses a one-to-one correspondence between types constituting a document class when a document structure according to document class A is converted into a document structure according to another document class B. A document conversion method is disclosed in which a user defines a relationship and uses the corresponding relationship to convert the structure of the document.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there are cases where the nodes necessary for the converted document class and the nodes corresponding to the subtree are not included in the structural constraints of the document class before conversion. In this case, the conventional technique has a problem that it is difficult to perform document structure conversion to compensate for the shortage.
[0011]
That is, the nodes in the created document structure are only those for which corresponding nodes exist in the document structure before conversion, and the nodes without corresponding ones remain insufficient. The document structure created in this way cannot completely satisfy the constraints of document class B.
[0012]
The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and when converting the document structure of the first document class so as to conform to the second document class, necessary nodes can be easily supplemented. An object of the present invention is to provide a document structure creation device.
[0013]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a document structure creation method capable of easily supplementing necessary nodes when converting the document structure of the first document class to conform to the second document class. It is to be.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-described problem, a document structure conversion apparatus for converting a document structure according to the first document type into a document structure according to the second document type conforms to the first document type. An application condition indicating which node in the document structure is applied and what kind of node satisfies the application condition Represented by a tree column A conversion rule managing means for managing a conversion rule having a rule element consisting of a combination of a conversion pattern indicating whether to be converted into a partial structure, and a first document structure according to the first document type are input. And by selecting the nodes in the first document structure in a predetermined order and comparing the selected nodes with the application conditions in the conversion rule, Said A rule element determining means for determining a rule element to be applied to the selected node; a partial structure creating means for creating a partial structure of the selected node according to the rule element conversion pattern determined by the rule element determining means; A connection position determining means for determining a connection position of the partial structure created by the partial structure creating means from the document structure of the creation process, and a connection position on the document structure of the creation process determined by the connection position determining means And a partial structure connecting means for connecting the partial structures created by the partial structure creating means. When An apparatus for converting a document structure is provided.
[0015]
According to such a document structure conversion apparatus, when the first document structure is input, the rule element of each node is determined by the rule element determination means. The partial structure of each node is created by the partial structure creation means in accordance with the rule element conversion pattern. Then, the connection position of each partial structure is determined by the connection position determination means, and the partial structure connection means connects the corresponding partial structure to the determined position. As a result, if it is defined that a plurality of nodes are generated as the conversion pattern, the second document structure can be created by compensating for the missing nodes in the first document structure.
[0016]
A document structure conversion method for converting a document structure according to a first document type into a document structure according to a second document type, wherein the first document structure according to the first document type is input. The nodes in the first document structure in a predetermined order. By rule element determination means Select and what Represented by a tree column By comparing an application condition indicating which node in the document structure according to the first document type is applied with a conversion pattern indicating whether it is converted into a partial structure, and the selected node, Said The transformation pattern to be applied to the selected node By rule element determination means And determining a partial structure of each node in the first document structure according to the determined conversion pattern. By means of partial structure creation Create and connect the created partial structure to the connection position according to the predetermined definition on the document structure in the creation process When A document structure conversion method is provided.
[0017]
According to this document structure conversion method, by defining a conversion pattern so that a plurality of nodes are generated, a second document that compensates for nodes that are insufficient in the input first document structure. A structure is generated.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a principle configuration diagram of the present invention. This shows a principle configuration for converting a document structure according to the first document type into a document structure according to the second document type.
[0019]
The conversion rule management means 1 manages the conversion rule 1a when converting the document structure according to the first document type to the document structure according to the second document type. This conversion rule 1a is a set of rule elements. Each rule element has an application condition indicating to which node in the document structure the rule element is applied according to the first document type, and a conversion indicating to which partial structure the corresponding node in the document structure is converted. A connection condition indicating a pattern and a position to which the conversion pattern is connected is included. It should be noted that the conversion pattern includes designation of a node in the partial structure that should inherit the contents of the node of the first document structure 2 when a plurality of nodes are generated in the partial structure. There is also a conversion pattern that generates a plurality of partial structures from one node. The connection conditions are defined in advance when omitted, and the conditions are specified only when connecting to other positions.
[0020]
When the first document structure 2 according to the first document type is input, the rule element determination unit 3 selects the nodes in the first document structure 2 one by one in a predetermined order. Then, the selected node and the application condition in the rule element are collated, and the rule element applicable to the node is determined. The partial structure generation unit 4 creates a partial structure 4 a after conversion of each node of the first document structure 2 in accordance with the rule element conversion pattern determined by the rule element determination unit 3.
[0021]
The connection position determination means 5 determines the connection position of the partial structure created by the partial structure creation means 4. Previously created partial structures are connected to each other, and a document structure 6a in the creation process is created. The connection position of the newly created partial structure is determined from the position on the document structure 6a in the creation process. The partial structure connecting means 6 connects the partial structure created by the partial structure creating means 4 to the connection position determined by the connection position determining means 5.
[0022]
In this way, the second document structure 7 is generated by connecting the partial structures created corresponding to all the nodes of the first document structure 2 to each other. There may be a plurality of partial structures created corresponding to each node, and each partial structure may have a plurality of nodes. Therefore, it is possible to generate a second document structure that supplements nodes and subtrees that do not exist in the first document class but should exist in the second document class.
[0023]
FIG. 1 shows a document structure conversion function in a state where the first document structure has already been recognized. Generally, however, document data is handled. The document structure cannot be recognized unless the document data is analyzed according to the definition of the document class to which the document data belongs. Therefore, a document structure conversion apparatus including a document structure analysis function for document data will be described below.
[0024]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a document structure conversion apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In this embodiment, a document structure (input document structure) of document data created according to a restriction of a certain document class is converted into a document structure (output document structure) restricted by another document class. Yes. The document structure handled in this embodiment is a tree structure.
[0025]
An input / output u / i 21 and a conversion rule management u / i 22 are connected to the document structure conversion apparatus 10. The input / output u / i 21 is a user interface for inputting document data to be converted by the user and referring to the conversion result to the document structure conversion apparatus. The conversion rule management u / i 22 is a user interface for the user to register, update, and delete conversion rules with respect to the conversion rule management unit 12 in the document structure conversion apparatus 10.
[0026]
The document structure conversion apparatus 10 has, as functions for managing information necessary for conversion of the document structure, a document class management unit 11 that manages the structure restrictions of the document class to be converted, and each element of the input document structure Includes a conversion rule management unit 12 that manages rules (conversion rules) for determining what partial structure is to be obtained after conversion. Furthermore, the document structure conversion apparatus 10 determines, as a structure conversion processing function unit, a document parser 13 that analyzes the document structure of the input document data, and a rule element to be applied to each node of the obtained document structure. The rule element determination unit 14, the partial structure creation unit 15 that creates a partial structure based on the determined rule element, the connection position determination unit 16 that determines the connection position of the created partial structure, and the partial structure at the determined connection position A partial structure connecting unit 17 to be connected and a document generator 18 for creating document data from a document structure to which all partial structures are connected are provided.
[0027]
The function of each component in the document structure conversion apparatus 10 will be described in detail below.
The document class management unit 11 manages a plurality of document class definitions to be converted. Specifically, the document class definition includes the name of the document class (name is unique within the document class management unit). ) And a pair. When the document parser 13 requests the definition of the document class together with the name of the document class, the document class definition having the designated name is passed to the document parser 13.
[0028]
The definition of a document class includes a type definition of nodes constituting a document structure and a structure constraint that defines a connection relationship between nodes of the defined type. In the following description, a document structure that satisfies the definition of a document class type and a structure constraint is called a document structure of that document class, and document data having a document structure of a document class is referred to as a document of that document class. This is called data.
[0029]
The type definition of a node consists of “type name” and “content type designation”.
The “type name” is a character string for identifying the type of the node (hereinafter, the type whose type name is “A” is called “A type”, and the node of “A type” is “A node”. Shall be called).
[0030]
“Content type designation” indicates whether this type of node has content or not, and if so, what type of content it has. In this embodiment, a possible content type is assumed to be either a character string type or a geometric figure type.
[0031]
The structure constraint is defined by a tree structure created by the following structure constraint and the above type definition. There are “SEQ” and “REP” as the structure constraints.
“SEQ” has a plurality of substructures, and indicates that the structures defined by the substructures appear in a defined order.
[0032]
“REP” takes a single substructure and indicates that the structure defined by the substructure appears repeatedly one or more times.
“OPT” takes a single substructure and indicates that the structure defined by the substructure either does not appear or appears once.
[0033]
In the conversion rule management unit 12, a plurality of conversion rules are generated as a result of applying the document class name (input document class name) of the document class of the document to which the rule is applied and converted. Stored together with the document class name (output document class name).
[0034]
A conversion rule is a list of rule elements. The rule element specifies what kind of partial structure (output partial structure) a node (input node) in the input document structure becomes in the output document. It consists of three fields of the corresponding pattern. The contents of each field will be described below.
[0035]
The correspondence source condition is a condition for a node in the input document structure to which the rule element is applied. In the condition of the correspondence source, the type of the node to which the rule element having the condition is applied and the condition regarding the contents of the node are defined.
[0036]
The condition of the connection position is a condition of the output partial structure generated as a result of applying the rule element to which position in the output document structure being converted. For the connection location condition, the type of the node that becomes the parent node of the output substructure generated as a result of applying the rule element with that condition, and the nodes around the node (parent, grandfather, sibling nodes, etc.) The conditions are defined.
[0037]
For the corresponding pattern, an output partial structure pattern generated as a result of applying a rule element having the pattern is defined. This pattern is a tree-structured column composed of nodes that can appear in the output document class.
[0038]
The corresponding pattern is expressed by a list of node type names enclosed by “<” and “>”. For example, the corresponding pattern is
<. . . , A <B, C, D *>,. . . >
In this case, it is indicated that the node A is a pattern having child nodes of the nodes B, C, and D.
[0039]
Further, there is always only one node called a corresponding node in the pattern. If the input node has contents, the contents are copied to become the contents of the corresponding node. If the input node has a subordinate structure, the partial structure that is the conversion result of the subordinate structure becomes a subordinate structure of the corresponding node. In this example, “*” is added immediately after the type name to represent a corresponding node.
[0040]
The information in the conversion rule management unit 12 is set by the user using the conversion rule management u / i 22. That is, in order to convert the document structure, it is necessary to set in advance conversion rules according to the document class before conversion and the document class after conversion.
[0041]
In a state where the above information is managed by the document class management unit 11 and the conversion rule management unit 12, the user uses the input / output u / i 21 to input document data whose document structure is to be converted. Thereby, the conversion process is started. Below, the processing content of each processing function part is demonstrated using a flowchart.
[0042]
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure of the entire process performed in the document structure conversion apparatus 10. This is started when the user inputs an input document class name, an output document class name, and input document data to be converted together with an instruction to convert document data using the input / output u / i 21.
[S1] The document parser 13 extracts the document structure from the input document data. Specifically, the document parser 13 first takes out the definition of the document class having the input document class name from the document class management unit 11. Then, according to the extracted definition, the input document data is analyzed to extract the document structure of the input document data. This document structure becomes the input document structure to be converted.
[S2] The rule element determination unit 14 extracts the conversion rule stored in the conversion rule management unit 12 together with the input document class name and the output document class name input by the user.
[S3] The rule element determination unit 14 sets the root node as a current node. In the structure conversion process, attention is paid to any node in the input document structure, and the partial structure in which the node is converted is recursively executed. The node of interest at this time is the current node.
[S4] Based on the extracted conversion rule, the rule element determination unit 14, the partial structure creation unit 15, the connection position determination unit 16, and the partial structure connection unit 17 work together to convert the document structure. Details of this processing will be described with reference to FIGS.
[S5] After the conversion is completed, the document generator 18 generates document data conforming to the output document class based on the generated document structure. The user can refer to the document data using the input / output u / i 21.
[0043]
FIG. 4 is the first half of a flowchart showing the procedure of the document structure conversion process (step S4 in FIG. 3). This process is executed when called in step S4 in FIG. 3 or step S21 shown in the latter half of the flowchart (FIG. 5). That is, after the process is started, the document structure conversion process is recursively called with a different node as a current node in the middle of conversion.
[0044]
In order to start this process, the current node needs to be specified. When called from step S4, the root node of the document structure on the input side is the current node. When called from step S21, the node specified in step S20 or step S23 is the current node.
[S11] The rule element determination unit 14 finds a rule element that can be applied to the current node from the conversion rule, and makes it a current rule element. Details of this processing will be described with reference to FIG.
[S12] The partial structure creating unit 15 creates a corresponding partial structure (output partial structure) in accordance with the corresponding pattern of the current rule element. At this time, if the current node has contents, a copy of the contents is created and used as the contents of the corresponding node in the output partial structure. When a node that should have contents other than the corresponding node is generated, an empty area for storing the contents is created in that node.
[S13] The partial structure creation unit 15 creates a pointer from the current node to the corresponding node. This pointer is used when determining the connection position of the partial structure.
[S14] The partial structure creation unit 15 determines whether or not the current node is a root node. If it is the root node, the process proceeds to step S19 (shown in FIG. 5), and if it is not the root node, the process proceeds to step S15.
[S15] When it is determined that the node is not a root node, the connection position of the created partial structure is determined. Details of this processing will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the connection position determination part 16 performs the process from this process to step S17.
[S16] It is determined whether or not a connection position condition is defined in the current rule element. If the connection position condition is not defined, the process proceeds to step S18, and if the connection position condition is defined, the process proceeds to step S17.
[S17] If a connection position condition is defined, a connection position that satisfies the connection position condition is determined. Details of this processing will be described with reference to FIG.
[S18] The partial structure connecting portion 17 connects the partial structure to the determined connection position. Details of this processing will be described with reference to FIG.
[0045]
FIG. 5 is the latter half of the flowchart showing the procedure of the document structure conversion process (step S4 in FIG. 3).
[S19] It is checked whether or not the current node has a child node. If there are no child nodes, the process ends. At this time, if there is an upper structure conversion process that has called this process, the process returns to that process. If there is no upper structure conversion process, the entire structure conversion process is completed. The rule element determination unit 14 performs the processes from this process to step S23.
[S20] If the current node has a child node, the eldest node of the current node is selected.
[S21] The same processing as the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is recursively executed on the selected node.
[S22] After the called process is completed, it is determined whether or not the selected current node has a younger brother. If there is no brother node, the process ends. At this time, if there is an upper structure conversion process that has called this process, the process returns to that process. If there is no upper structure conversion process, the entire structure conversion process is completed.
[S23] If the current current node has a brother node, select the brother node immediately after the selected node, and proceed to step S21. In step S21, the structure conversion process is recursively called with the node selected in this step as the current node.
[0046]
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the current rule element determination process (step S11 in FIG. 4) performed by the rule element determination unit 14.
[S31] The first rule element of the conversion rule is selected.
[S32] It is determined whether or not the current node matches the condition of the correspondence source of the selected rule element. If they match, the process proceeds to step S33, and if they do not match, the process proceeds to step S34.
[S33] If the condition of the correspondence source is matched, the matched rule element is set as the current rule element, and this process is terminated.
[S34] If the condition of the correspondence source is not matched, it is determined whether or not the next rule element exists in the conversion rule. If the next rule element exists, the process proceeds to step S35. If the next rule element does not exist, the process ends in an error.
[S35] If the next rule element exists, the rule element is selected, and the process returns to step S32 for determining whether or not the current node matches the condition corresponding to the selected rule element.
[0047]
Next, details of the connection position determination process will be described. In this example, when the connection position condition is not defined in the current rule element, the connection position is determined according to the following conditions.
[0048]
If the current node does not have an older brother, the corresponding node of the parent node of the current node is set as the connection position. On the other hand, when the current node has an older brother, the parent node of the last node is set as the connection position in the logical order of the partial structure corresponding to the older brother. Here, the last in the logical order is the last child of the root of the last tree of the substructure. . . This is the last node in the case of selecting.
[0049]
When the connection position condition is defined, the connection position determined here is used as a starting point for searching for the connection position.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the partial structure connection position determination process (step S15 in FIG. 4) performed by the connection position determination unit 16.
[S41] The node corresponding to the parent node of the current node is set to the connection position. Note that the corresponding node of the parent node is indicated by a pointer created for the parent node.
[S42] It is determined whether the current node has an older brother. If it has an elder brother, it progresses to step S43, and if it does not have an elder brother, the determination of a connection position is complete | finished.
[0050]
In the case of having an elder brother, the last node is obtained in the logical order of the partial structure created corresponding to the direct elder brother by the processing of the following steps S43 to S45. From the procedures of FIGS. 4 and 5, the partial structure corresponding to the direct brother is already connected to the lower level of the corresponding node of the parent node of the current node. Therefore, the last node in the logical order of the partial structure created corresponding to the direct brother can be traced from the corresponding node of the parent node of the current node.
[S43] It is determined whether the last child at the connection position has a child node. If the youngest child has a child node, the process proceeds to step S44. If the youngest child has no child node, the determination of the connection position ends.
[S44] If the last child has a child node, it is determined whether or not the last child is a corresponding node of the immediate brother of the current node. If the youngest child is a corresponding node of the current node's direct older brother, the determination of the connection position ends (nodes below the current node's direct older brother's corresponding node do not become the connection position). If the youngest child is not a corresponding node of the current node's direct brother, the process proceeds to step S45.
[S45] If the last child is not a node corresponding to the current node's direct brother, the last child is set as a connection position, and the process returns to checking whether the last child at the connection position has a child node.
[0051]
With the processing in FIG. 7, the connection position when the connection position condition is not defined in the current rule element is determined.
When the connection position condition is defined in the current rule element, the connection position of the partial structure is somewhere on the path connecting the connection position determined in the procedure of FIG. 7 and the corresponding node of the parent node of the current node. is there. That is, no connection is made to a node higher than the corresponding node of the parent node of the current node. This is because if the connection is made higher than this, the inclusion relation of nodes defined in the input document structure is not satisfied.
[0052]
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the determination process of the connection position of the partial structure (step S17 in FIG. 4) when the connection position condition is defined in the current rule element. This process is performed by the connection position determination unit 16.
[S51] It is determined whether or not the current connection position satisfies the condition of the connection position in the current rule element. If the connection position condition is satisfied, the process ends. If the connection position condition is not satisfied, the process proceeds to step S52.
[S52] When the connection position condition is not satisfied, it is determined whether or not the connection position is a node corresponding to the parent node of the current node. If the connection position is a node corresponding to the parent node of the current node, an error ends because no connection position that satisfies the connection position is found. If the connection position is not the corresponding node of the parent node of the current node, the process proceeds to step S53.
[S53] The parent node of the connection position is set to the connection position, and the process returns to checking whether the connection position condition is satisfied.
[0053]
The connection position of the partial structure is determined by the processing of FIGS. Then, the partial structure created corresponding to the current node is connected to the determined connection position. At this time, the partial structures that are the columns of the trees are connected such that the root nodes of the columns of the trees are sibling nodes of the same node. The parent node of the sibling node is the connection position of the partial structure.
[0054]
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the partial structure connection process (step S18 in FIG. 4).
[S61] It is determined whether or not the partial structure is empty. If it is an empty string, the process ends. If it is not an empty string, the process proceeds to step S62.
[S62] If it is not an empty string, the first tree of the partial structure is selected.
[S63] The root node of the selected tree is connected as the last child of the connection position.
[S64] It is checked whether the next tree exists in the partial structure. If it does not exist, the process ends.
[S65] If the next tree exists, the tree is selected and the process returns to the connection of the selected tree.
[0055]
2 is performed by the document structure conversion apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 2, the structure of the document data input to the document structure conversion apparatus is converted into a document structure according to another document type. In addition, nodes that are not included in the document structure before conversion can be added to the new document structure.
[0056]
Next, document structure conversion using the document structure conversion apparatus as described above will be described using a specific example. In the following example, the structure of the document data of the document class named “Technical Memo” is converted into the document class named “Technical Report”.
[0057]
The document class management unit 11 stores a document class with a document class name “Technical Memo” and a document class definition with a document class name “Technical Report”.
[0058]
The document class “Technical Memo” includes the following type definition.
Type name: Technical memo Content type: No content
Type name: Beginning of contents Content type: No content
Type name: Title Content type: String
Type name: Author Content type: String
Type name: Heading Content type: String
Type name: Paragraph Content type: String
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the structure restrictions of the “technical memo”. According to this structural constraint 31, the type name of the root node is “technical memo”. The node of “technical memo” is provided with two branches by the structure constraint element “SEQ”. One branch is connected to a “start of sentence” node. The other branch is connected with “Heading” and “Paragraph” nodes by structural constraints “REP” and “SEQ”. The node of “sentence” is provided with two branches by the structure constraint element “SEQ”. Each branch is connected to a “title” node and an “author” node.
[0059]
On the other hand, the document class “Technical Report” includes the following type definition.
Type name: Report Content type: No content
Type name: Header Content type: No content
Type name: Report-Title Content type: String
Type name: Author Content type: String
Type name: Revision-Dates Content type: No content
Type name: Date Content type: String
Type name: Section Content type: No content
Type name: Title Content type: String
Type name: Paragraph Content type: String
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the structure restriction of “Technical Report”. According to this structure constraint 32, the type name of the root node is “Report”. The node “Report” is provided with two branches by the structure constraint “SEQ”. A node “Header” is connected to one branch. A node of “Section” is connected to the other branch.
[0060]
The “Header” node is provided with three branches by the structure constraint element “SEQ”, and the nodes “Report-Title”, “Author”, and “Revision-date” are connected to each branch. ing. The node of “Date” is further connected to the node of “Revision-date” by the structure constraint “REP”.
[0061]
The node of “Section” is provided with three branches by the structure constraint element “SEQ”. A node “Title” is connected to the first branch. The node of “Paragraph” is connected to the next branch by the structure constraint “REP”. The third branch is connected to its own node (node of “Section”) by the structure constraints “OPT” and “REP”.
[0062]
When FIG. 10 is compared with FIG. 11, the number of nodes existing as components in FIG. 11 is larger. Therefore, even when only a one-to-one relationship between each node is defined when converting a document of “Technical Memo” document class to a document of “Technical Report” document, the “Technical Report” document is defined. It turns out that the class document cannot be created correctly. Therefore, the following conversion rule is stored in the conversion rule management unit 12.
[0063]
FIG. 12 is an example of conversion rules stored in the conversion rule management unit. This conversion rule 33 is for converting a document of the document class of “technical memo” into a document of the document class of “Technical Report”. Input document class name: “technical memo”, output document class name: It is stored together with “Technical Report”.
[0064]
In the conversion rule 33, the following rule is defined.
For the correspondence source condition of “Technical Memo” type, the connection position condition is “none”, and the correspondence destination pattern is “<Report *>”.
[0065]
For the correspondence source condition of “type“ sentence ””, the connection position condition is “none”, and the correspondence destination pattern is “<Header *>”.
For the correspondence source condition of “type“ title ””, the connection position condition is “none”, and the correspondence destination pattern is “<Report-Title *>”.
[0066]
For the correspondence source condition of “type“ author ””, the connection position condition is “none”, and the correspondence destination pattern is “<Author *, Revision-Dates <Date >>”.
For the condition of the correspondence source of "the type is" Heading "and the content has the character string of" Chapter * "pattern in the content", the connection position condition is "Type name is" Report "" The previous pattern is “<Section <Title * >>”.
[0067]
For the condition of the correspondence source of “the type is“ Heading ”and the content has the character string of the“ section * section ”pattern”, the connection position condition is “Type name is“ Section ”and the parent node The type is “Report” ”, and the corresponding pattern is“ <Section <Title * >> ”.
[0068]
For the condition of the correspondence source of “The type is“ Heading ”and the content has the character string of the pattern of“ * ”in the contents”, the connection position condition is “Type name is“ Section ”and the grandfather node's The type is “Report” ”, and the corresponding pattern is“ <Section <Title * >> ”.
[0069]
For the corresponding source condition of the type “paragraph”, the connection position condition is “none” and the corresponding pattern is “<Paragraph *>”. ”
With the above definitions and conversion rules set, the user inputs document data of the document class “technical memo” using the input / output u / i 21. The structure of the data is analyzed by the document parser 13.
[0070]
FIG. 13 is an example of the document structure 40 extracted by the document parser 13. In FIG. 13, a node is surrounded by an ellipse, and a character string in the ellipse indicates a node type. The character string in the rectangle connected to the node is the content of the node.
[0071]
This figure shows the document structure 40 of the document class of “technical memo”. In this document structure, a “technical memo” node is a root node. The children of this root node are the nodes of “Sentence 1”, “Heading 1”, “Paragraph 1”, “Paragraph 2”, “Heading 2”, “Paragraph 3”, “Heading 3”, and “Paragraph 4”. is there. Among the children of the root node, nodes other than the node of “sentence 1” have contents. The children of the node of “Sentence 1” are the nodes “Title 1” and “Author 1”. The nodes “Title 1” and “Author 1” have contents.
[0072]
When such a document structure is extracted, the rule element determination unit 14 determines a rule element to be applied to each node. When the rule element is determined, a partial structure is created in accordance with the corresponding pattern indicated in the rule element.
[0073]
For example, the rule element of the node of “author 1” in FIG. A partial structure is created in accordance with the corresponding pattern indicated by “Dates <Date >>”.
[0074]
FIG. 14 shows a partial structure created from the node of “Author 1”. Two partial structures 41 and 42 are created from the node of “Author 1”. The created partial structures 41 and 42 form a column, and in this example, the partial structure 41 is the head.
[0075]
The partial structure 41 is a node of “Author1”. Since the node of “Author1” is a corresponding node, the contents possessed by “author 1” are taken over. The partial structure 42 includes a node “Revision-Dates1” and a node “Date1” that is a child of the node. Since “Date1” is a node having contents, an area for storing contents is provided.
[0076]
Further, the rule element of the node of “Heading 1” in FIG. 13 is “the type is“ Heading ”and the content has a character string of the pattern of“ Chapter * ”shown in the fifth line of FIG. Therefore, the partial structure is created according to the corresponding pattern indicated by “<Section <Title * >>”.
[0077]
FIG. 15 shows a partial structure created from the node of “Heading 1”. A partial structure 43 is created from the node of “Heading 1”. The partial structure 43 includes a “Section1” node and a “Title1” node that is a child of the node. Since the “Title 1” node is a corresponding node, the contents of “Heading 1” are taken over.
[0078]
Similarly, partial structures corresponding to all nodes in the document structure shown in FIG. 13 are created. Each time a partial structure is created, a connection position with respect to the partial structure created before is determined and connected to that position.
[0079]
FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a search state of connection positions of partial structures. This example is a search situation of the connection position of the partial structure 45 created from the node of “Heading 3” in FIG. Before the partial structure 45 is created, the partial structure created from the “technical memo” node, the node that is the elder brother of the “heading 3” node, and the child node of the elder node is already connected. Therefore, the document structure 44 is formed by the already connected partial structures. A connection position is determined at a predetermined position of the document structure 44.
[0080]
The rule element shown in the fifth line of the conversion rule in FIG. 12 is applied to the node of “Heading 3”. In this rule element, the connection position condition is indicated as “Type is“ Report ”.” In this case, first, the connection position when the connection position condition is “None” is searched. "Is the connection position. Therefore, there must be a connection position that satisfies the condition of the connection position somewhere in the route from the node of “Report 1” (corresponding node of the parent node of the node of “Heading 3”) to the node of “Section 2”.
[0081]
Therefore, the node that matches the connection position condition is examined upward from the current connection position. That is, whether or not the connection position condition is satisfied is examined in the order of the “Section 2” node, the “Section 1” node, and the “Report 1” node. As a result, it is found that the node of “Report1” satisfies the connection position condition, and the position is determined as the connection position. Then, the partial structure 45 is connected as a subordinate structure of the node that is the determined connection position.
[0082]
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the document structure after conversion. The converted document structure 50 is a document structure in accordance with the definition of the “Technical Report” document class. From this document structure, the document generator 18 creates document data as a conversion result. The user can refer to the document data using the input / output u / i 21.
[0083]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the document structure conversion device of the present invention, the conversion rule management means manages the document structure conversion device. Indicates whether to convert to a substructure represented by a tree column According to the conversion pattern, the partial structure creating means creates a partial structure of each node of the first document structure, and the partial structure connecting means connects the created partial structures to generate the second document structure. Therefore, as a conversion pattern, not only what node is converted into the second document structure, but also a node that must be supplemented in the vicinity thereof is described in the conversion rule. It is possible to convert a document structure supplemented with necessary nodes and subtrees due to document class restrictions. Therefore, it is possible to easily supplement the nodes and subtrees.
[0084]
In the document structure conversion method of the present invention, Indicates whether to convert to a substructure represented by a tree column According to the conversion pattern, the partial structure creating means creates a partial structure of each node of the first document structure and generates the second document structure by connecting the created partial structures. Necessary for the restriction of the second document class by describing not only to which node the node is converted in the second document structure but also the node that must be supplemented in the vicinity thereof in the conversion rule. It is easy to convert the document structure that compensates for various nodes and subtrees.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a principle configuration diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a document structure conversion apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure of overall processing performed by the document structure conversion apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a first half of a flowchart showing a procedure of document structure conversion processing;
FIG. 5 is the latter half of the flowchart showing the procedure of the document structure conversion process.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a current rule element determination process performed by a rule element determination unit.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a procedure for determining a connection position of a partial structure performed by a connection position determination unit.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a procedure for determining a connection position of a partial structure when a connection position condition is defined in a current rule element;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a procedure of partial structure connection processing;
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a structure restriction of “technical memo”.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a structural restriction of “Technical Report”.
FIG. 12 is an example of conversion rules stored in a conversion rule management unit.
FIG. 13 is an example of a document structure extracted by a document parser.
FIG. 14 is a partial structure created from a node of “Author 1”.
FIG. 15 is a partial structure created from a node of “Heading 1”;
FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a search state of connection positions of partial structures.
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a document structure after conversion.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Conversion rule management means
1a Conversion rules
2 First document structure
3 Rule element decision means
4 Partial structure creation means
4a Partial structure
5 Connection position determination means
6 Partial structure connection means
6a Document structure of the creation process
7 Second document structure

Claims (4)

In a document structure conversion device for converting a document structure according to a first document type into a document structure according to a second document type,
An application condition indicating which node in the document structure according to the first document type is applied, and a node satisfying the application condition is converted into a partial structure represented by a tree structure column A conversion rule management means for managing a conversion rule having a rule element consisting of a set of a conversion pattern indicating
When a first document structure according to the first document type is input, nodes in the first document structure are selected in a predetermined order, and the selected nodes are compared with application conditions in the conversion rule. by a rule element determination means for determining a rule element to be applied to the selected nodes,
A partial structure creating means for creating a partial structure of the selected node according to the conversion pattern of the rule elements determined by the rule element determining means;
A connection position determination means for determining a connection position of the partial structure created by the partial structure creation means from the document structure of the creation process;
Partial structure connection means for connecting the partial structure created by the partial structure creation means to the connection position on the document structure of the creation process determined by the connection position determination means;
Document structure conversion device characterized by having a. The conversion rule management means further includes, in the rule element, a connection condition indicating to which position in the already-generated document structure the partial structure after conversion should be connected,
The connection position determining means determines the connection position of the partial structure according to the connection conditions of the rule elements determined by the rule element determining means;
The document structure conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The rule element determination means first selects a root node of the first document structure as the predetermined order, preferentially selects an older brother node among sibling nodes, and selects descendants of the older brother node. Select brother nodes after all nodes are selected,
The document structure conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: A document structure conversion method for converting a document structure according to a first document type into a document structure according to a second document type,
When the first document structure according to the first document type is input, the nodes in the first document structure are selected by the rule element determination means in a predetermined order;
An application condition indicating which node in the document structure according to the first document type is applied with a conversion pattern indicating what kind of tree structure column is converted into the partial structure is selected. by comparing the node, a conversion pattern to be applied to the selected nodes determined by the rule element determination means,
In accordance with the determined conversion pattern, a partial structure of each node in the first document structure is created by the partial structure creating means ,
Connect the created partial structure to the connection position according to the predetermined definition on the document structure in the creation process.
Min document structure conversion method characterized by.

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