JP3613366B2 - Intake manifold for inline 4-cylinder internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an intake device for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly, to an intake manifold for an in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine that performs intake supercharging using intake pulsation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various intake devices have been proposed in which the pressure fluctuation generated in the intake passage of each cylinder of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is used to increase the pressure in the intake port portion in the latter half of the intake stroke to obtain a supercharging effect. In addition, it is known that there are inertia supercharging and resonance supercharging as dynamic effects of such intake air.
[0003]
Inertial supercharging is a process in which a negative pressure wave from a cylinder in an intake stroke is reversed to a positive pressure wave by an intake air expansion portion, and supercharging is performed by an intake pushing action by this pressure wave.
[0004]
On the other hand, in resonance supercharging, a plurality of cylinders are divided into a first cylinder group and a second cylinder group in which the intake strokes do not continue with each other, and each cylinder of the first cylinder group passes through an independent intake passage to the first resonance chamber. The second cylinder group is also communicated to the second resonance chamber.
The first and second resonance chambers gather in a common collection chamber via the first and second resonance passages, respectively.
[0005]
With such a configuration, the air column in the first and second resonance passages is vibrated due to pressure waves generated by the periodic opening and closing of the intake port, and this vibration is generated in the first and second resonance chambers and in the independent intake passages. The air is vibrated, and when the vibration is resonated, the pressure vibration is maximized and a large supercharging is performed.
[0006]
However, if the lengths of the intake passages for the cylinders are not equal to each other, there will be a shift in the arrival time (propagation cycle) of the reflected pressure wave to the cylinders, resulting in non-uniform volumetric efficiency (filling efficiency) among the cylinders. As a result, the driving performance is degraded.
[0007]
In view of this, an intake manifold in which the lengths of the four intake passages are the same in an in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine has been proposed in the past, and an example of that disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-15427 is shown in FIG.
[0008]
An in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine 01 is vertically mounted on a vehicle, and is arranged in order from the front as first, second, third, and fourth cylinders, and the first cylinder and the fourth cylinder have consecutive intake strokes. The first and fourth independent intake passages 011, 014 extending from the first cylinder and the fourth cylinder are gathered in a common first resonance chamber 021, and the second cylinder and the third cylinder The second and third independent intake passages 012 and 013 extending from the second chamber are gathered in a common second resonance chamber 022.
[0009]
The first and second resonance passages 031 and 032 extending upstream from the first and second resonance chambers 021 and 022 are joined at the upstream end.
The first and second resonance chambers 021 and 022 are arranged in series in the cylinder arrangement direction, and the first and second resonance chambers 021 and 022 and the upstream side thereof are configured symmetrically in the longitudinal direction, and the cylinder arrangement The first resonance chamber 021 is arranged so that the center line in the direction perpendicular to the cylinder arrangement direction of the first resonance chamber 021 substantially coincides with the internal combustion engine center line LL in the direction perpendicular to the direction.
[0010]
With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 5, the first, second, and third independent intake passages 011, 012, and 013 have substantially the same shape, and the fourth independent intake passage 014 has the first independent intake passage 011. And the internal combustion engine center line L-L are substantially the same shape, and all the independent intake passages have substantially the same length to prevent uneven filling efficiency between the cylinders. ing.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The four independent intake passages 011, 012, 013, 014 gather together in the cylinder arrangement direction in the first and second resonance chambers 021, 022, and therefore the first and second resonance chambers 021, 022 are both Since the cylinders are arranged in series in the cylinder arrangement direction in a posture parallel to the cylinder arrangement direction, the surroundings of the first and second resonance chambers 021 and 022 are greatly bulky in the front-rear direction, and the space in the limited engine room is effectively used. It is difficult to use.
[0012]
In addition, the actual curved shape of each of the independent intake passages 011, 012, 013, and 014 is not clear only from the description of the publication and the plan view of FIG. 5, and the fourth independent intake passage 012 is the second and third independent intake passages. 011, 012, and 013 overlap in plan view, and the vertical width may be large.
[0013]
If the curvatures of the curved shapes of the individual intake passages 011, 012, 013, and 014 are different, the intake resistance is different and the intake charge amount cannot be uniformed. If the curvature is too small, the intake resistance increases and the intake charge amount is reduced. Incurs a decline.
[0014]
The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and the object of the process is to make all independent intake passages equal in length with a curvature that is not smaller than necessary, and to ensure uniform and sufficient filling efficiency between the cylinders. However, it is to provide an intake manifold for an in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine that can make the intake manifold compact and effectively use the space in the engine room.
[0015]
[Means and Actions for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention divides four cylinders of an in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine into two cylinder groups whose intake strokes are not continuous with each other, and the first, second, Third and fourth independent intake passages, first, second and second resonance chambers where the first, second, third and fourth independent intake passages merge for each of the two cylinder groups, and the first and second resonance chambers. A four-cylinder internal combustion engine comprising a first and second resonance passages extending upstream from the resonance chambers, a collecting chamber in which the first and second resonance passages are gathered, and a throttle body connected to one end of the collecting chamber In the engine intake device, the first resonance chamber is arranged in a shape elongated in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder arrangement direction, and the second resonance chamber is arranged in a shape elongated in a direction parallel to the cylinder arrangement direction, First and second resonances extending upstream from the first and second resonance chambers, respectively. A first independent intake passage that extends in parallel with the cylinder arrangement direction on the downstream side of the passage, and that the first, second, and third independent intake passages are curved in a reverse U shape in a side view so as to hold a space below. Is connected to the upper surface of the first resonance chamber, the second and third independent intake passages are connected to the upper surface of the second resonance chamber, and is positioned closer to the throttle body than the first, second, and third independent intake passages. The fourth independent intake passage made to pass through the lower space formed by the first, second and third independent intake passages along the side surface of the second resonance chamber and connected to the side surface of the first resonance chamber An intake manifold for an in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine was used.
[0016]
The first resonance chamber is perpendicular to the cylinder arrangement direction, the second resonance chamber is arranged in parallel, and the first, second, and third independent intake passages are connected to the upper surfaces of the first and second resonance chambers, Since the four independent intake passages are connected to the side surfaces of the first resonance chamber along the side surfaces of the second resonance chamber in the lower space formed by the first, second, and third independent intake passages, The second resonance chamber only needs to have a width to which the three first, second, and third independent intake passages are connected in the cylinder arrangement direction, and the size in the cylinder arrangement direction can be reduced.
[0017]
Further, since the first and second resonance passages extend from the first and second resonance chambers in parallel to the cylinder arrangement direction, the first and second resonance chambers are two independent in the direction perpendicular to the cylinder arrangement direction. It only needs to have a width to which the intake passage is connected.
Therefore, the first and second resonance chambers are small in the front, rear, left, and right, and the intake manifold can be made compact.
[0018]
Then, the first, second, and third independent intake passages are curved in a reverse U shape so as to hold a space downward, and the fourth independent intake passage is formed by the first, second, and third independent intake passages. Since it passes through the lower space to be formed, each independent intake passage can be curved with a sufficient curvature, and it is possible to ensure uniform and sufficient filling efficiency between the cylinders with equal lengths, and the first , The second resonance chambers and the independent intake passages gathered in them can be brought closer to the internal combustion engine, and the intake manifold can be made more compact along the internal combustion engine, so that the limited space in the engine chamber can be used effectively. .
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The automobile 1 according to the present embodiment is an FF vehicle (front engine front drive vehicle), and FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an arrangement state of the internal combustion engine 10 at the front portion of the vehicle body.
[0020]
In an engine room 3 below the bonnet 2, an in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine 10 is mounted horizontally between a front radiator 4 and a rear dashboard 5, and a cylinder block in which the cylinders are arranged in series. 11 is inclined backward.
From the cylinder head 12 at the top of the inclined cylinder block 11, an intake manifold 20 is formed to extend forward, and an exhaust manifold 15 is formed to extend rearward.
[0021]
The intake manifold 20 has a structure in which intake supercharging is performed. FIGS. 2 to 4 are a plan view, a front view, and a side view showing the intake manifold 20 on the downstream side of the throttle body.
[0022]
Assuming that the four cylinders of the in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine 10 mounted laterally with respect to the vehicle body are the first, second, third, and fourth cylinders in order from the right side, the ignition sequence is first to third to third. 4- The order of the second cylinder is the order, and the first cylinder and the fourth cylinder constitute a cylinder group in which the intake stroke does not continue, and similarly, the second cylinder and the third cylinder constitute another cylinder group in which the intake stroke does not continue. Constitute.
[0023]
The first, second, third and fourth independent intake pipes 21, 22, 23 and 24 are forward from the cylinder head 12 of the in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine 10 for each of the first, second, third and fourth cylinders. It extends to.
The four independent intake pipes 21, 22, 23, and 24 are connected to the cylinder head 12 by welding the base end portions thereof to the head flange portion 13 a of the common horizontally long plate-like flange plate 13.
[0024]
The first, second, third and fourth independent intake pipes 21, 22, 23 and 24 extend obliquely upward from the flange plate 13, of which the first, second and third independent intake pipes 21 and 22. , 23 are curved with a necessary and sufficient curvature (bend R about 1.5 times the port diameter) in an inverted U shape in a side view so as to hold a space below, and the first independent intake pipe 21 has a first resonance. The second and third independent intake pipes 22 and 23 are connected to the upper surface of the second resonance chamber 32.
[0025]
The first resonance chamber 31 is disposed at a substantially front position of the second cylinder in a longitudinally long posture directed in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder arrangement direction, and a rear half portion (cylinder head side) bulges upward. The front half top surface 31a is at a lower position than the rear half top surface 31b, and the first independent intake pipe 21 is connected to the lower front half top surface 31a.
[0026]
The second resonance chamber 32 has a long left and right posture directed parallel to the cylinder arrangement direction, and is disposed in contact with the front half side surface of the first resonance chamber 31 at a substantially forward position of the third cylinder. The second and third independent intake pipes 22 and 23 are connected to the upper surface 32a of the second resonance chamber 32 side by side.
[0027]
Since the upper surface 31a of the first half of the first resonance chamber 31 and the upper surface 32a of the second resonance chamber 32 are positioned side by side at substantially the same height, the first, second, and third independent intake pipes 21, 22, and 23 are The upstream end is arranged adjacent to the left and right upper surfaces 31a and 32a of the first and second resonance chambers 31 and 32, is curved in an inverted U-shape, and the downstream end is the same long surface on the left and right of the flange plate 13. They are arranged and have substantially the same path length with curved shapes having substantially the same curvature.
[0028]
The fourth independent intake pipe 24 extends obliquely upward from the flange plate 13 to the front, and then curves diagonally right (toward the vehicle traveling direction) while curving in an inverted U shape in side view so as to hold a space below. And the lower space of the inverted U-shaped curved portion formed by the second and third independent intake pipes 22, 23 along the rear side (flange plate 13 side) side surface of the second resonance chamber 32. The first resonance chamber 31 is connected to a portion that bulges upward on the left side surface of the rear half.
[0029]
Therefore, the fourth independent intake pipe 24 has a downstream end extending from the same flange plate 13 as the first, second and third independent intake pipes 21, 22 and 23, and an upstream end at the first, second and third independent intake pipes. The front and rear lengths of the pipes 21, 22, 23 are closer to the flange plate 13 than the upstream ends, but the lengths extending left and right are long. Equal passage length is ensured.
[0030]
Further, since the inverted U-shaped curve of the fourth independent intake pipe 24 is formed obliquely, the curvature is required even though it must be curved closer to the first, second and third independent intake pipes 21, 22 and 23. Therefore, the curvature is substantially equal to that of the first, second, and third independent intake pipes 21, 22, and 23.
As described above, the four first, second, third, and fourth independent intake pipes 21, 22, 23, and 24 have substantially the same passage length and curvature of the curved portion.
[0031]
The first resonance pipe 41 extends in parallel to the flange plate 13 from the lower part of the left side of the rear half of the first resonance chamber 31 (the upper part is connected to the fourth independent intake pipe 24), and the upper fourth independent pipe is provided. It is inclined obliquely upward from the vicinity of the intake pipe 24 and bent rearward in a substantially L shape (bent R that is about twice the diameter of the resonance pipe) and connected to the right side of the collecting chamber 50.
[0032]
A second resonance tube 42 extends in parallel to the flange plate 13 from the left side surface of the second resonance chamber 32, is inclined obliquely upward from the middle along the first resonance tube 41, and is bent backward in an L shape ( It is connected to the left side of the collecting chamber 50 with a bend R of about twice the diameter of the resonance tube.
[0033]
The gathering chamber 50 is connected to a throttle body flange portion 13b at an upstream end thereof that extends slightly obliquely upward to the left from the head flange portion 13a of the flange plate 13, and is a downstream portion that branches right and left adjacent to the front. Are connected to the first and second resonance tubes 41, 42.
The second resonance tube 42 is slightly shorter in path length than the first resonance tube 41, but the curvature of the bent portion is substantially equal.
[0034]
When the flange plate 13 is attached to the cylinder head 12, the collecting chamber 50 fixed to the throttle body flange portion 13b is connected to the throttle body, and an air cleaner is connected to the upstream side from the throttle body via an air flow duct.
[0035]
The first resonance chamber 31 and the second resonance chamber 32 adjacent to the left and right are communicated with each other through a communication pipe 33 at the lower part, and the communication pipe 33 bulges to the left and right and has a relatively large capacity.
[0036]
An opening / closing valve 34 is provided at the communication port of the communication pipe 33 with the first resonance chamber 31 so as to be openable and closable so that the first resonance chamber 31 and the second resonance chamber 32 can be appropriately blocked or communicated via the communication pipe 33. It has become.
[0037]
The second resonance tube 42 has a slightly shorter passage length than the first resonance tube 41, but the second resonance chamber 32 to which the second resonance tube 42 is connected has a volume of the communication tube 33 that is always in communication therewith. If included, it is equivalent to securing a sufficient volume and the first and second resonance tubes 41 and 42 being equal in length, and therefore the resonance frequencies (resonance points) of the first resonance tube 41 and the second resonance tube 42 are the same. It can be.
[0038]
The on-off valve 34 is a butterfly valve that is fixed to the valve shaft 35 and pivots. The valve shaft 35 that is rotatably supported is connected to an operating portion of a diaphragm 36 that projects from the head flange 13 via a link mechanism 37. Has been.
The diaphragm 36 is disposed using a dead space between the internal combustion engine 10 and the intake manifold 20 to effectively use the space.
[0039]
The diaphragm 36 operates in accordance with the operating state of the internal combustion engine 10, and the switching valve 34 is closed in the low and medium rotation range of the internal combustion engine 10 to establish communication between the first resonance chamber 31 and the second resonance chamber 32. The valve is shut off, and the switching valve 34 is opened and communicated in the high speed range.
[0040]
When the internal combustion engine 10 is in the low and middle rotation range and the switching valve 34 is closed, the first resonance pipe in which the first and fourth independent intake pipes 21 and 24 of one cylinder group communicate with each other via the first resonance chamber 31. 41 and the second resonance pipe 42 in which the second and third independent intake pipes 22 and 23 of the other cylinder group communicate with each other via the second resonance chamber 32 are cut off from each other and are equalized as described above. The resonance frequency is the same, and the air in the first, second, third, and fourth independent intake pipes 21, 22, 23, and 24 is vibrated to ensure uniform and sufficient filling efficiency between the cylinders. The effect of resonance supercharging can be maximized.
[0041]
When the internal combustion engine 10 is in a high rotation range and the switching valve 34 is open, the first resonance chamber 31 and the second resonance chamber 32 communicate with each other via the communication pipe 33 to form a large-capacity intake expansion portion. The negative pressure wave generated in the cylinder is reflected and inverted at the intake expansion portion via the equalized first, second, third, and fourth independent intake pipes 21, 22, 23, and 24, thereby causing variations in inertia supercharging. It is possible to prevent the performance degradation in the high rotation range due to.
Therefore, a high output torque can be obtained in a wide engine speed range from a low to medium speed of the internal combustion engine 10 to a high speed.
[0042]
The first resonance chamber 31 is arranged perpendicularly to the cylinder arrangement direction, and the second resonance chamber 32 is arranged in parallel to each other. The first and second resonance chambers 31 and 32 are three first resonance chambers 31 and 32 in the cylinder arrangement direction. , Second and third independent intake pipes 21, 22, 23 have a width necessary to be connected, and the first and second resonance chambers are arranged in two directions perpendicular to the cylinder arrangement direction. The fourth independent intake pipes 21 and 24 have a width necessary to be connected, and therefore the first and second resonance chambers 31 and 32 can be small and compact in both the front-rear width and the left-right width.
[0043]
As a configuration in which the fourth independent intake pipe 24 passes through the inverted U-shaped lower space of the second and third independent intake pipes 22 and 23, the first and second resonance chambers 31 and 32 and the independent intake pipes assembled in these are provided. The intake manifold 20 can be made closer to the internal combustion engine 10 closer to the internal combustion engine 10 and the space in the limited engine room can be used effectively.
[0044]
Note that the head flange portion 13a and the throttle body flange portion 13b of the flange plate 13 may be separated from each other. However, by forming them integrally as in the present embodiment, as shown in the plan view of FIG. In the intake manifold 20, each of the independent intake pipes 21, 22, 23, 24, the first and second resonance pipes 41, 42 and the flange plate 13 are configured in a generally rectangular shape, and the rigidity and strength are structurally improved. Can do.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, the first resonance chambers are arranged perpendicular to the cylinder arrangement direction and the second resonance chambers are arranged in parallel, and the cylinder arrangement direction and the size in the direction perpendicular thereto can be made compact.
[0046]
It is possible to bend each independent intake passage with a sufficient curvature and to ensure uniform and sufficient charging efficiency between the cylinders with equal lengths, and to collect in the first and second resonance chambers and these. Each independent intake passage can be brought closer to the internal combustion engine, and the intake device can be made more compact along the internal combustion engine, so that a limited space in the engine room can be used effectively.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an arrangement state of an internal combustion engine in a front part of a vehicle body of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of an intake manifold of the internal combustion engine.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the same.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a conventional in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine and an intake manifold.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... car, 2 ... bonnet, 3 ... engine room, 4 ... radiator, 5 ... dashboard,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Internal combustion engine, 11 ... Cylinder block, 12 ... Cylinder head, 13 ... Flange plate, 15 ... Exhaust manifold,
20 ... Intake manifold, 21 ... First independent intake pipe, 22 ... Second independent intake pipe, 23 ... Third independent intake pipe, 24 ... Fourth independent intake pipe,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 31 ... 1st resonance chamber, 32 ... 2nd resonance chamber, 33 ... Communication pipe, 34 ... Open / close valve, 35 ... Valve shaft, 36 ... Diaphragm, 37 ... Link mechanism,
41 ... 1st resonance tube, 42 ... 2nd resonance tube,
50 ... Meeting room.

Claims (1)

The four cylinders of the in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine are divided into two cylinder groups in which the intake strokes are not continuous with each other,
Mutually independent first, second, third and fourth independent intake passages communicating with each cylinder;
First and second resonance chambers in which the first, second, third and fourth independent intake passages merge for each of the two cylinder groups;
First and second resonance passages that respectively extend upstream from the first and second resonance chambers;
A collection chamber in which the first and second resonance passages gather;
In an intake device for a four-cylinder internal combustion engine in which a throttle body is connected to one end of the collecting chamber,
The first resonance chamber is disposed in a shape elongated in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder arrangement direction,
The second resonance chamber is arranged in a shape elongated in a direction parallel to the cylinder arrangement direction;
The downstream sides of the first and second resonance passages extending upstream from the first and second resonance chambers respectively extend in parallel to the cylinder arrangement direction,
The first, second, and third independent intake passages are curved in an inverted U shape in a side view so as to hold a space downward, and the first independent intake passage is connected to the upper surface of the first resonance chamber, A third independent intake passage is connected to the upper surface of the second resonance chamber;
The second independent intake passage is formed in the lower space formed by the first, second, and third independent intake passages so that the fourth independent intake passage is located closer to the throttle body than the first, second, and third independent intake passages. An intake manifold for an in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine, wherein the intake manifold is connected to a side surface of the first resonance chamber through a side surface of the resonance chamber.

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