JP3609922B2 - Fine spray fire extinguishing head - Google Patents

Description

で定義される。微噴霧とした液滴を球と見做し半径をｒとすると比表面積Ｓは、

となり、粒径ｒが小さい程、比表面積Ｓを大きくすることができる。
【０００５】
このため微噴霧消火システムにあっては、火源に噴射した微噴霧水を、火災による高温空間で、いかに効率よく蒸発させるかが重要なポイントになる。即ち、火源の規模、微噴霧の液滴サイズ、液滴の初期運動量、噴霧ヘッドと火源との相対位置等が消火能力を決定する大きなポイントとなる。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、このような微噴霧消火ヘッドを使用した消火システムにあっては、例えば図３のように微噴霧消火ヘッド２を設置している場合、微噴霧の噴射に伴ってヘッド後方からの気流１６の流れ（伴流）が発生する。この伴流部分の圧力低下により、噴射され霧状になった液滴粒子は、伴流部に舞い上がり（飛沫同伴）、結果的には噴霧した液滴全てが有効に火災源に到達しない。このため火源に直接作用する液滴は噴霧パターン１８のように非常に狭くなる。
【０００７】
この場合、微噴霧消火ヘッド２が設置された防護区画が密閉された室内空間であれば、噴射された液滴は室内を循環し、噴霧パターン１８のように防護範囲が狭くとも、液滴の循環によってある程度の消火効果は期待できる。
しかし、防護区画が密閉されていない開放空間の場合には、微噴霧消火ヘッド２から噴射された液滴を直接火災の炎に作用させる必要があるが、後方からの気流１６によって噴霧パターン１８が狭められ、噴射した液滴を直接作用できる防護範囲が狭くなる。このため開放された防護区画については、微噴霧消火ヘッドの設置数を増加させなければならず、設備コストがアップする大きな要因となっている。
【０００８】
また図４のように、天井ボード６の位置に微噴霧消火ヘッド２を配置した防護区画についても、天井ボード６にヘッド配置穴６ａを開口しているため、微噴霧の噴射に伴って天井内からヘッド配置穴６ａを通る気流１６の流れが起き、噴霧された液滴が後方からの気流１６により運ばれ、同様に火源に直接作用する液滴は噴霧パターン１８のように狭くなり、開放空間でのヘッド設置数が増加する問題がある。
【０００９】
本発明は、このような従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、微噴霧の噴射に伴う気流の発生で防護範囲が狭められないようにした構造の微噴霧消火ヘッドを提供することを目的とする。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この目的を達成するため本発明は次のように構成する。本発明は、開放空間となる防護区画に設置され、微噴霧を火源に噴射して消火する微噴霧消火ヘッドを対象とし、ヘッド背後に、噴射した微噴霧に伴って後方より流入する気流を遮断する噴霧パターンの範囲をカバーする大きさで防護区画の形に適合した気流抑止板を設けたことを特徴とする。この気流抑止板は円盤状の板部材であり、ヘッド付け根部分に装着される。
【００１１】
このようにヘッド後方に気流抑止板を配置することで、防護区画が開放空間であっても、ヘッドから微噴霧を噴射しても後方からの気流は発生せず、微噴霧の噴射に伴う気流を最小限に抑え、後方からの気流に妨げられることなく噴射された液滴を十分に飛翔させ、火源に液滴が直接作用する広い防護範囲を確保できる。
【００１２】
また天井ボードのヘッド配置穴に微噴霧消火ヘッドを配置して天井内に配管接続している場合にも、気流抑止板によって天井ボードのヘッド配置穴の隙間を閉鎖し、微噴霧の噴射に伴うヘッド配置穴の隙間を通る気流を最小限に抑え、後方からの気流に妨げられることなく噴射された液滴を十分に飛翔させ、火源に液滴が直接作用する広い防護範囲を確保できる。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１は本発明の微噴霧消火ヘッドが使用された微噴霧消火システムの説明図である。図１において、コンピュータルーム等の防護区画１の天井面側には、本発明の微噴霧消火ヘッド２が給水配管１０による立ち下げ部分に対する接続で設置されている。本発明の微噴霧消火ヘッド５は、給水配管１０から加圧された消火用水を供給された際に、数十μｍ〜数百μｍ程度の極めて小さな粒径の液滴となる微噴霧を噴射する。
【００１４】
この微噴霧消火ヘッド２の背後となるヘッド付け根部分には、気流抑止板３が設けられている。気流抑止板３は円盤状の板部材であり、微噴霧消火ヘッド２より火源５側に噴射して直接作用させる液滴の噴霧パターン４の範囲を十分にカバーできる大きさをもっている。この気流抑止板３は、微噴霧消火ヘッド２から微噴霧を噴射した際に、図３の従来ヘッドのように微噴霧の放出で生ずる後方からの気流を阻止するために設けている。
【００１５】
このため、気流抑止板３の下側となる微噴霧消火ヘッド２の噴出側の空間に対する後方からの気流は気流抑止板３により十分に阻止され、気流の少ない安定した静的な空間として確保されている。このため、微噴霧消火ヘッド２から噴射された微噴霧の液滴は、後方からの気流の影響を受けずに噴霧パターン４のように十分に広い範囲に飛翔し、噴霧パターン４で決まる防護範囲に存在する火源５に対し液滴を直接作用させて、効果的な微噴霧による消火を行うことができる。
【００１６】
防護区画１に設置された本発明の微噴霧消火ヘッド２に対しては、制御弁１１を介して消火ポンプ８からの給水配管１０が接続されている。制御弁１１としては、例えば電動弁や電磁弁を使用することができる。給水配管１０の途中にはアキュームレータ１２が接続され、微噴霧消火ヘッド２からの微噴霧の噴射に伴う加圧消火用水の変動を抑える蓄圧機能を果たしている。消火ポンプ８は例えば水源水槽９の消火用水を汲み上げて予め定めた規定圧力に加圧し、給水配管１０により微噴霧消火ヘッド２に供給する。
【００１７】
微噴霧消火ヘッド２に対する消火配管１０に設けられた制御弁１１は、制御盤１３により開閉駆動される。制御盤１３に対しては防護区画１に設置した火災感知器１４からの信号線が接続され、また給水配管１０に設けている圧力センサ１５からの信号線も接続され、更に消火ポンプ８の駆動モータに対し信号線を接続している。
【００１８】
制御盤１３には微噴霧制御部１３ａが設けられ、例えば火災感知器１４の発報信号を受信して防護区画１の火災を判断すると消火ポンプ８を起動し、圧力センサ１５により給水配管１０の圧力が規定圧力以上であることを確認して制御弁１１を開放駆動し、微噴霧消火ヘッド２よりごく小さな液滴の微噴霧の放出を行う。
【００１９】
図２は本発明の微噴霧消火ヘッドの他の使用状態であり、天井ボードを備えた防護区画に設置した場合を例にとっている。図２にあっては、天井スラブ７側に天井ボード６を設置し、その下側の室内を防護区画１としており、天井ボード６にヘッド配置穴６ａを形成し、ヘッド配置穴６ａの部分に天井内に配管した給水配管１０によって本発明の微噴霧消火ヘッド２を接続している。
【００２０】
このような天井ボード６に対する微噴霧消火ヘッド２の配置において、本発明にあっては、ヘッド背後に円盤状の気流抑止板３を設けているため、気流抑止板３によって天井ボード６に形成したヘッド配置穴６ａが閉鎖される。
このため、微噴霧消火ヘッド２から微噴霧の液滴を噴出しても、天井ボード６のヘッド配置穴６ａは気流抑止板３により閉鎖されているため後方からの気流は発生せず、気流抑止板３の下側の気流のない空間で放出された液滴は十分に飛翔し、噴霧パターン４のように十分に広い火源５を含む防護範囲を確保することができる。ここで図２の防護区画１に設けた本発明の微噴霧消火ヘッド２に対する配管系統及び電気系統は、図１と同じになる。
【００２１】
尚、上記の実施形態は、微噴霧消火ヘッド２の気流抑止板３としてヘッド背後にフラットな円盤状の板部材を配置する場合を例にとっているが、下側に開口した円錐形状や半球形状等としてもよい。また気流抑止板３は、円板以外に楕円、矩形等、防護区画の形に適合した適宜の平面形状としてもよい。
【００２２】
【発明の効果】
以上説明してきたように本発明によれば、微噴霧消火ヘッドのヘッド背後に気流抑止板を設けたことで、微噴霧消火ヘッドを開放空間に設置した場合や天井面のヘッド配置穴に設置した場合に、ヘッドからの微噴霧の放出に伴う後方からの気流をなくすことで微噴霧放出側における気流の乱れを最小限に抑えることができ、これによって放出された微噴霧の液滴を十分に飛翔させて、火災による炎に直接作用させることのできる広い防護範囲を確保でき、その結果、開放された空間となる防護区画でのノズルの必要個数を低減し、コストダウンを図ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の微噴霧消火ヘッドを開放空間に設置した微噴霧消火システムの説明図
【図２】本発明の微噴霧消火ヘッドを天井ボードのヘッド配置穴に設けた説明図
【図３】開放空間に設置した従来の微噴霧消火ヘッドの説明図
【図４】天井ボードの部分に配置した従来の微噴霧消火ヘッドの説明図
【符号の説明】
１：防護区画
２：微噴霧消火ヘッド
３：気流抑止板
４：噴霧パターン
５：火源
６：天井ボード
７：天井スラブ
８：消火ポンプ
９：水源水槽
１０：給水配管
１１：制御弁
１２：アキュームレータ
１３：制御盤
１４：火災感知器[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fine spray fire extinguishing head that extinguishes fire by injecting fine spray water having a particle size of about several tens of μm to several hundred μm onto a fire source.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a fine spray fire extinguishing system has been used as a fire extinguishing equipment for a protection section that cannot cause water damage such as a computer room. A fine spray fire extinguishing system pressurizes and supplies water for fire extinguishing to a fine spray fire extinguishing head, and sprays a fine spray with a particle size of about several tens to several hundreds of micrometers toward a fire source without causing water loss. A system that extinguishes fires reliably.
[0003]
The basic idea of the fine spray fire extinguishing system is to reduce the size of the droplets used for extinguishing the fire and to increase the specific surface area to promote evaporation. The purpose is to increase the fire extinguishing ability by diluting the combustible gas, diluting the oxygen concentration, or scavenging the combustible gas from the combustion field by the jet generated by the spray pressure.
[0004]
Here, the specific surface area S when a fixed volume of water is sprayed from the spray head to form a fine spray is:

Defined by Assuming that the finely sprayed droplet is a sphere and the radius is r, the specific surface area S is

Thus, the specific surface area S can be increased as the particle size r is smaller.
[0005]
For this reason, in the fine spray fire extinguishing system, it is an important point how to efficiently evaporate the fine spray water sprayed to the fire source in a high temperature space caused by a fire. That is, the scale of the fire source, the droplet size of the fine spray, the initial momentum of the droplet, the relative position between the spray head and the fire source, etc. are important points for determining the fire extinguishing capability.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the fire extinguishing system using such a fine spray fire extinguishing head, for example, when the fine spray fire extinguishing head 2 is installed as shown in FIG. Flow (wake) occurs. Due to the pressure drop in the wake portion, the sprayed mist droplet particles rise to the wake portion (entrainment), and as a result, all the sprayed droplets do not reach the fire source effectively. For this reason, the droplet which acts directly on the fire source becomes very narrow like the spray pattern 18.
[0007]
In this case, if the protective compartment in which the fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2 is installed is a sealed indoor space, the ejected liquid droplets circulate in the room, and even if the protective area is narrow as in the spray pattern 18, A certain fire extinguishing effect can be expected by circulation.
However, in the case of an open space where the protective compartment is not sealed, it is necessary to directly apply the droplets ejected from the fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2 to the flame of the fire, but the spray pattern 18 is caused by the air flow 16 from the rear. It is narrowed and the protection range in which the ejected droplet can act directly becomes narrow. For this reason, the number of installation of fine spray fire extinguishing heads must be increased for the open protection section, which is a major factor in increasing the equipment cost.
[0008]
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, in the protection section in which the fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2 is arranged at the position of the ceiling board 6, since the head placement hole 6 a is opened in the ceiling board 6, The flow of the air flow 16 through the head arrangement hole 6a occurs, and the sprayed liquid droplets are carried by the air flow 16 from the rear, and the liquid droplets acting directly on the fire source are narrowed like the spray pattern 18 and opened. There is a problem that the number of heads installed in the space increases.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fine spray fire-extinguishing head having a structure in which the protection range is not narrowed by the generation of an air flow accompanying the spray of fine spray. And
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, the present invention is configured as follows. The present invention is directed to a fine spray fire-extinguishing head that is installed in a protective compartment that is an open space and that extinguishes fire by injecting a fine spray into a fire source. An airflow suppression plate that is large enough to cover the range of the spray pattern to be cut off and adapted to the shape of the protective compartment is provided. The airflow suppression plate is a disk-shaped plate member and is attached to the head base portion.
[0011]
By arranging the airflow suppression plate behind the head in this way, even if the protective section is an open space, no airflow from the back is generated even if fine spray is injected from the head, and airflow accompanying the injection of fine spray The droplets ejected without hindering the airflow from the rear can fly sufficiently, and a wide protection range in which the droplets directly act on the fire source can be secured.
[0012]
In addition, even when a fine spray fire extinguishing head is placed in the ceiling board head placement hole and pipes are connected to the ceiling, the air flow suppression plate closes the ceiling board head placement hole gap and accompanies the spraying of the fine spray. The airflow passing through the gap between the head arrangement holes is minimized, the ejected liquid droplets are sufficiently jetted without being obstructed by the airflow from the rear, and a wide protection range in which the liquid droplets directly act on the fire source can be secured.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a fine spray fire extinguishing system using the fine spray fire extinguishing head of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2 of the present invention is installed on a ceiling surface side of a protective compartment 1 such as a computer room so as to be connected to a falling portion by a water supply pipe 10. The fine spray fire-extinguishing head 5 of the present invention ejects a fine spray that becomes droplets having an extremely small particle diameter of about several tens of μm to several hundreds of μm when pressurized water for fire extinguishing is supplied from the water supply pipe 10. .
[0014]
An airflow suppression plate 3 is provided at the base of the head behind the fine spray fire extinguishing head 2. The airflow suppression plate 3 is a disk-shaped plate member, and has a size that can sufficiently cover the range of the spray pattern 4 of liquid droplets that are sprayed from the fine spray fire extinguishing head 2 toward the fire source 5 and directly act. The airflow suppression plate 3 is provided to prevent the airflow from the rear that is generated by the discharge of the fine spray as in the conventional head of FIG. 3 when the fine spray is ejected from the fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2.
[0015]
For this reason, the airflow from the rear with respect to the space on the ejection side of the fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2 below the airflow suppression plate 3 is sufficiently blocked by the airflow suppression plate 3, and is secured as a stable static space with less airflow. ing. Therefore, the fine spray droplets ejected from the fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2 fly to a sufficiently wide range like the spray pattern 4 without being influenced by the airflow from the rear, and the protection range determined by the spray pattern 4 It is possible to perform effective fire extinguishing by fine spraying by directly applying droplets to the fire source 5 existing in
[0016]
A water supply pipe 10 from a fire extinguishing pump 8 is connected to a fine spray fire extinguishing head 2 of the present invention installed in a protection section 1 through a control valve 11. As the control valve 11, for example, an electric valve or an electromagnetic valve can be used. An accumulator 12 is connected in the middle of the water supply pipe 10 to achieve a pressure accumulating function that suppresses fluctuations in the pressure-extinguishing water accompanying the spraying of the fine spray from the fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2. The fire extinguishing pump 8 pumps up fire extinguishing water in the water source water tank 9 and pressurizes it to a predetermined specified pressure, and supplies it to the fine spray fire extinguishing head 2 through a water supply pipe 10.
[0017]
A control valve 11 provided in the fire extinguishing pipe 10 for the fine spray fire extinguishing head 2 is driven to open and close by a control panel 13. The control panel 13 is connected to a signal line from a fire detector 14 installed in the protection section 1, is connected to a signal line from a pressure sensor 15 provided in the water supply pipe 10, and further drives the fire pump 8. A signal line is connected to the motor.
[0018]
The control panel 13 is provided with a fine spray control unit 13a. For example, when a fire detection signal is received from the fire detector 14 and a fire in the protection section 1 is judged, the fire extinguishing pump 8 is activated, and the pressure sensor 15 After confirming that the pressure is equal to or higher than the specified pressure, the control valve 11 is driven to open, and a fine spray of droplets smaller than the fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2 is discharged.
[0019]
FIG. 2 shows another use state of the fine spray fire-extinguishing head according to the present invention, taking as an example a case where it is installed in a protective compartment having a ceiling board. In FIG. 2, the ceiling board 6 is installed on the ceiling slab 7 side, and the lower room is used as the protective compartment 1. The head placement hole 6 a is formed in the ceiling board 6, and the head placement hole 6 a is formed in the portion. The fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2 of the present invention is connected by a water supply pipe 10 piped in the ceiling.
[0020]
In such an arrangement of the fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2 with respect to the ceiling board 6, in the present invention, since the disk-shaped airflow suppression plate 3 is provided behind the head, the airflow suppression plate 3 is formed on the ceiling board 6. The head arrangement hole 6a is closed.
For this reason, even if a fine spray droplet is ejected from the fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2, the head arrangement hole 6 a of the ceiling board 6 is closed by the airflow restraint plate 3, so that no airflow is generated from the rear, and airflow restraint. The droplets released in the space below the plate 3 without airflow fly sufficiently, and a protection range including a sufficiently wide fire source 5 like the spray pattern 4 can be secured. Here, the piping system and electrical system for the fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2 of the present invention provided in the protection section 1 of FIG. 2 are the same as those in FIG.
[0021]
In addition, although said embodiment has taken the case where the flat disk-shaped board member is arrange | positioned behind the head as the airflow suppression board 3 of the fine spray fire-extinguishing head 2, the cone shape, hemispherical shape, etc. which opened below are taken as an example. It is good. Further, the airflow suppression plate 3 may have an appropriate planar shape that conforms to the shape of the protective compartment, such as an ellipse or a rectangle, in addition to the circular plate.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by providing an airflow suppression plate behind the head of the fine spray fire-extinguishing head, the fine spray fire-extinguishing head is installed in an open space or installed in the head placement hole on the ceiling surface. In this case, the turbulence of the air flow on the fine spray discharge side can be minimized by eliminating the air flow from the back accompanying the discharge of the fine spray from the head. It is possible to ensure a wide protection range that can be caused to fly and directly act on a flame caused by a fire. As a result, the required number of nozzles in the protection section that becomes an open space can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a fine spray fire extinguishing system in which the fine spray fire extinguishing head of the present invention is installed in an open space. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the fine spray fire extinguishing head of the present invention provided in a head arrangement hole of a ceiling board. ] Explanatory diagram of a conventional fine spray fire extinguishing head installed in an open space [FIG. 4] Explanatory diagram of a conventional fine spray fire extinguishing head placed on the ceiling board [Explanation of symbols]
1: Protective section 2: Fine spray fire extinguishing head 3: Airflow suppression plate 4: Spray pattern 5: Fire source 6: Ceiling board 7: Ceiling slab 8: Fire pump 9: Water source water tank 10: Water supply pipe 11: Control valve 12: Accumulator 13: Control panel 14: Fire detector

Claims (2)

In a fine spray fire-extinguishing head that is installed in a protective compartment that becomes an open space and injects a fine spray into a fire source to extinguish the fire.
Fine spray fire extinguishing, characterized in that an airflow suppression plate is installed behind the head that covers the range of the spray pattern that blocks the airflow that flows in from behind along with the sprayed fine spray and that fits the shape of the protective compartment head. 2. The fine spray fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, wherein the airflow suppression plate is a disk-shaped plate member and is attached to a head base portion.

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