JP3607745B2

JP3607745B2 - Architectural panel

Info

Publication number: JP3607745B2
Application number: JP10765295A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 義憲大倉
Original assignee: 義憲大倉
Priority date: 1995-05-01
Filing date: 1995-05-01
Publication date: 2005-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 2020-01-05
Also published as: JPH08302862A

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
この発明は、パネル住宅工法に用いる建築用パネルに関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
木造建築の工法として、壁体をパネルユニット化し、図１の如くパネル１０の一側を柱Ｐ１に嵌挿固定し、パネル１０の下部を土台Ｐ２に取付け、パネル１０の他側に柱Ｐ１を順次嵌挿固定し、パネル１０の上部に桁材Ｐ３、又は梁材を嵌挿固定するパネル住宅工法が知られている。（例えば実開平３−８２１１号公報）
このパネル住宅工法に用いるパネルは、図１３と図１４（Ａ）の如く平板状芯材１２の表面と裏面に、芯材１２より一回り大きい板体１５，１６を夫々着接し、芯材１２より外周に突出して相対向する板体先端部５ｂ，６ｂの間に、嵌挿口１７を形成するものである。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
パネル住宅工法に用いる柱や土台、或いは桁材等の構造材は、木材より製材するものであるから、製材によって数ｍｍの誤差を生じるし、パネルにも製造上の誤差を生じるため、構造材とパネルの取付けに多くの問題点があった。
即ち、図１４（Ｂ）の如くパネル１０の嵌挿口１７に、嵌挿口１７より小さい柱幅Ｓの構造材Ｐを嵌挿した場合、嵌挿口１７と構造材Ｐの間に空間を生じるし、嵌挿口１７を形成している板体先端部５ｂ，６ｂの一方を構造材Ｐに圧接するまで釘付けすると、釘付けにより板体先端部が折れる問題点があると共に、構造材Ｐに板体先端部５ｂ，６ｂが密着しないため、釘の剪断力（釘付け効果）が著しく低下する問題点もあった。
【０００４】
反対にパネルの嵌挿口より構造材の柱幅が大きいと、図１４（Ｃ）の如く嵌挿口１７を形成している板体１５，１６の先端部５ｂ，６ｂを押し広げて構造材Ｐに嵌挿しなければならないので、芯材１２に着接していた板体１５，１６が押し広げにより剥がれたり、時間の経過に伴い徐々に剥がれる問題点もあった。
そこでこの発明は、従来技術の有するこのような問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、構造材に多少の寸法誤差があっても、無理なく確実に取付け得る建築用パネルを提供することにある。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の建築用パネルは、平板状を成す芯材の表面と裏面の少なくとも一方の外周部に、芯材端に向けて薄肉となる傾斜面を設け、該芯材表面と裏面に、芯材より一回り大きい板体を夫々着接し、芯材傾斜面と板体の間に緩衝空間を形成すると共に、芯材より外周に突出して相対する表板体と裏板体の間に、構造材を嵌挿する嵌挿口を形成し、嵌挿口が構造材の幅より大きい場合は、嵌挿口を形成する板体先部を緩衝空間の範囲で内向きに変形して構造材に釘付けし、一方、嵌挿口が構造材の幅より小さい場合は、板体先部を緩衝空間の範囲で押し広げて構造材に釘付けするものである。
【０００６】
【作用】
平板状を成す芯材の少なくとも表面の外周部に、芯材端に向けて薄肉となる傾斜面を形成し、その傾斜面と、芯材の表裏面に着接する板体との間に緩衝空間を形成すると共に、芯材より外周に突出して相対する板体先部間に嵌挿口を形成するものであるから、嵌挿口を形成する板体先部を緩衝空間の範囲で内向変形し得るし、板体先部を外側に押し広げても、芯材から剥がれることもない。
【０００７】
【実施例】
次に本発明による建築用パネルの構造を図１乃至図３に基づき説明すれば、建築用パネル１は平板状を成す芯材２の少なくとも表面３の外周部に、芯材端２ａに向けて薄肉となる傾斜面３ａを設け、該芯材２の表面３と裏面４に、芯材２より一回り大きい板体５，６を夫々着接し、芯材傾斜面３ａと表板体５の間に緩衝空間ａを形成すると共に、芯材２より外周に突出して相対する板体５，６の間に嵌挿口７を形成するもので、パネル厚さｔを例えば９０ｍｍ、１０５ｍｍ、１２０ｍｍに形成し、パネル高さＨを３０００ｍｍ以内に、パネル幅Ｌを１５００ｍｍ以内に形成するものである。
【０００８】
芯材２は図３と図４（Ａ）の如く、芯材表面３の左右外周部と上下外周部に、芯材端２ａに向けて薄肉となる傾斜面３ａを夫々形成するもので、該傾斜面３ａの傾斜角度θは５度以内に形成し、気泡を有する例えば発泡ウレタン等の断熱合成樹脂より形成するものである。
芯材２に着接する板体５，６には、芯材２より一回り大きい、例えばベニヤ板から成る厚さ９ｍｍ程度の構造合板を用いる。
【０００９】
芯材表面３に着接する表板体５と、裏面４に着接する裏板体６は、主に接着剤を用いて着接するもので、表面３の外周部に設けた傾斜面３ａと、表面３に着接する表板体５の間に、内部に向けて先細となる楔状の緩衝空間ａを形成し、且つ芯材端２ａより外周に突出して相対する表板体先部５ａと裏板体先部６ａの間に、嵌挿口７を深さ５０ｍｍｍ程度に形成するものである。
【００１０】
図５と図６の建築用パネル１は、芯材表面３の外周部に、芯材端２ａに向けて薄肉となる傾斜面３ａを形成すると共に、芯材裏面４の外周部にも、芯材端２ａに向けて薄肉となる傾斜面４ａを形成し、その表面３と裏面４に、芯材２より一回り大きい板体５，６を着接するものである。
芯材表面３の傾斜面３ａと表板体５の間、及び裏面４の傾斜面４ａと裏板体６の間に、内部に向けて先細となる楔状の緩衝空間ａを夫々形成し、芯材２より外周に突出して相対する表板体先部５ａと裏板体先部６ａの間に、嵌挿口７を形成する。
【００１２】
図１０の芯材２は、芯材２の表面３側に、芯材２の長手方向に平行する凹溝８を適宜間隔で形成するもので、該芯材２にあっては、図９の如く傾斜面３ａと凹溝８を除く表面３に表板体５を、傾斜面４ａを除く裏面４に裏板体６を着接する。
凹溝８には図１１と図１２の如く、電気配線Ｌを挿入したり、電気配線Ｌに接続するコンセントＣを嵌込むことも可能で、コンセントＣを嵌込む場合、表板体５に切欠口を設け、切欠口にコンセントＣが露出するようにしておく。
【００１３】
本発明による建築用パネルは上記構造であるから、予め芯材表面３の外周部に傾斜面３ａを形成しておき、該芯材２の表面３と裏面４に、芯材２より一回り大きい板体５，６を着接するか、芯材表面３と裏面４の外周部に傾斜面３ａ，４ａを形成しておき、該芯材２の表面３と裏面４に、芯材２より一回り大きい板体５，６を着接し、本発明の建築用パネル１を製造するものである。
【００１４】
本発明による建築用パネル１の嵌挿口７が図８の如く柱幅Ｓより大きい場合、パネル１の嵌挿口７を構造材Ｐに嵌挿した後、先ず裏板体先部６ａを構造材Ｐに釘付けし、次に表板体先部５ａを構造材Ｐに釘付けすれば、芯材表面３の外周部に傾斜面３ａが形成されているため、表板体５の先部５ａは芯材２の傾斜面３ａに沿って湾曲しながら釘付けされる。
芯材裏面４の外周部にも傾斜面４ａを形成した建築用パネル１にあっては、板体先部５ａ，６ａの何ずれからでも構造材Ｐに釘付けし得る。
【００１５】
反対に、建築用パネル１の嵌挿口７が図９の如く柱幅Ｓより小さい場合、嵌挿口７を形成している板体先部５ａ，６ａを押し広げ、嵌挿口７に構造材Ｐを嵌挿した後、板体先部５ａ，６ａを構造材Ｐに釘付けする。
嵌挿口７を形成している板体先部５ａ，６ａを押し広げても、芯材表面３の外周部に傾斜面３ａが形成されるか、更に芯材裏面４の外周部にも傾斜面４ａが形成されているため、板体５，６は芯材２より剥がれることはない。
【００１６】
尚、本発明による建築用パネルは上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、例えばパネル幅Ｌの大きい建築用パネル１にあっては、図３（Ｂ）の如く芯材２の内部に補強材９を埋設しておくことが望ましい。また芯材２の材質として、気泡コンクリートを用いることも可能であるし、板体５，６の材質として、ベニヤ板と合成樹脂板から成る合板を用いることも可能出ある。
更に芯材２と板体５，６の着接手段、及びパネル１の大きさやパネル厚さｔは、前記実施例に限定されるものではない。
【００１７】
【発明の効果】
本発明による建築用パネルは上記構造のとおりであるから、次に記載する効果を奏する。
平板状を成す芯材の少なくとも表面の外周部に、芯材端に向けて薄肉となる傾斜面を形成し、その傾斜面と、芯材の表裏面に着接する板体との間に緩衝空間を形成すると共に、芯材より外周に突出して相対する板体先部間に嵌挿口を形成するものであるから、嵌挿口を形成する板体先部を緩衝空間の範囲で内向変形し得るし、板体先部を外側に押し広げても、芯材から剥がれることもない。
【００１８】
例え構造材や本発明の建築用パネルに寸法誤差があっても、その寸法誤差を柔軟に吸収し得る構造であるため、パネル嵌挿口に対する構造材の挿入能率が飛躍的に向上するし、パネル嵌挿口に挿入した構造材に、板体の先端部を密着するため、板体先端部より構造材に打込む釘の剪断力が著しく向上する。
本発明のパネルは、外壁材は勿論、内壁材としても用いることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】（Ａ）（Ｂ）本発明による建築用パネルの使用例を示す要部横断面図と縦断面図である。
【図２】（Ａ）（Ｂ）（Ｃ）本発明パネルの構造例を示す平面図と側面図、及び一部切欠正面図である。
【図３】パネルの構造例を示す分解側面図である。
【図４】（Ａ）（Ｂ）パネルの構造例を示す分解平面図と、芯材の構造例を示す断面図である。
【図５】（Ａ）（Ｂ）パネルの構造例を示す平面図と、その分解平面図である。
【図６】（Ａ）（Ｂ）パネルの構造例を示す側面図と、その分解側面図である。
【図７】（Ａ）（Ｂ）細幅構造材に対するパネルの取付例を示す平面図である。
【図８】（Ａ）（Ｂ）太幅構造材に対するパネルの取付例を示す平面図である。
【図９】（Ａ）（Ｂ）凹溝を有する本発明パネルの平面図である。
【図１０】（Ａ）（Ｂ）凹溝の形成例を示す芯材の平面図である。
【図１１】本発明パネルの平面図である。
【図１２】その一部切欠正面図である。
【図１３】従来パネルの平面図である。
【図１４】（Ａ）（Ｂ）（Ｃ）従来パネルの側面図と、その取付例を示す側面図である。
【符号の説明】
１，１０建築用パネル
２，１２芯材、２ａ芯材端
３芯材表面、傾斜面３ａ
４芯材裏面、傾斜面４ａ
５，６板体、５ａ，６ａ板体先部
７，１７嵌挿口
８凹溝
１５，１６板体
ａ芯材傾斜面と板体の間に生じる緩衝空間
Ｃコンセント、Ｌ電気配線
Ｌパネル幅、Ｈパネル高さ、ｔパネル厚さ
Ｐ構造材、Ｓ柱幅[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a building panel used in a panel house construction method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a wooden construction method, the wall body is made into a panel unit, one side of the panel 10 is fitted and fixed to the pillar P1 as shown in FIG. 1, the lower part of the panel 10 is attached to the base P2, and the pillar P1 is attached to the other side of the panel 10. A panel housing construction method is known in which a girder P3 or a beam material is fitted and fixed to the upper portion of the panel 10 by inserting and fixing sequentially. (For example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-8211)
The panel used for this panel housing construction method has plate members 15 and 16 that are slightly larger than the core material 12 on the front and back surfaces of the flat core material 12 as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14A. An insertion slot 17 is formed between the plate body tip portions 5b and 6b that protrude to the outer periphery and face each other.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Structural materials such as pillars, foundations and girders used in the panel housing method are made from wood, so there are errors of several millimeters depending on the lumber, and there are also manufacturing errors in the panel. There were many problems with the installation of the panel.
That is, when a structural material P having a column width S smaller than the insertion slot 17 is inserted into the insertion slot 17 of the panel 10 as shown in FIG. 14B, a space is formed between the insertion slot 17 and the structural material P. In addition, there is a problem that if one of the plate body tip portions 5b and 6b forming the insertion slot 17 is nipped until it is pressed against the structural material P, the plate body tip portion is broken due to the nail, and the structural material P Since the plate body tip portions 5b and 6b are not in close contact with each other, there is a problem that the shearing force (nailing effect) of the nail is remarkably reduced.
[0004]
On the contrary, if the column width of the structural material is larger than the panel insertion slot, the front end portions 5b and 6b of the plate bodies 15 and 16 forming the insertion slot 17 are expanded as shown in FIG. Since it has to be inserted into P, the plate bodies 15 and 16 attached to the core member 12 are peeled off by being spread or gradually peeled off as time passes.
Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is for construction that can be attached without difficulty even if there is a slight dimensional error in the structural material. To provide a panel.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the building panel of the present invention is provided with an inclined surface that is thin toward the end of the core material on at least one outer peripheral portion of the front surface and the back surface of the flat core material. A plate body that is slightly larger than the core material is attached to the front and back surfaces of the material, and a buffer space is formed between the inclined surface of the core material and the plate material. An insertion slot for inserting the structural material is formed between the plates, and when the insertion slot is larger than the width of the structural material, the plate body tip portion that forms the insertion slot is directed inward within the buffer space. When the insertion slot is smaller than the width of the structural material, the plate body tip portion is pushed and expanded within the buffer space to be nailed to the structural material.
[0006]
[Action]
An inclined surface that is thin toward the end of the core material is formed on the outer peripheral portion of at least the surface of the core material forming a flat plate shape, and a buffer space is provided between the inclined surface and the plate body that contacts the front and back surfaces of the core material. In addition to forming a fitting insertion hole between the opposing plate body protruding from the core member, the plate body leading part forming the fitting insertion opening is deformed inward within the buffer space. Even if the front end of the plate body is spread outward, it is not peeled off from the core material.
[0007]
【Example】
Next, the structure of the building panel according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3. The building panel 1 is directed to the outer peripheral portion of at least the surface 3 of the flat core material 2 and toward the core material end 2a. A thin inclined surface 3 a is provided, and plates 5 and 6 that are slightly larger than the core material 2 are attached to the front surface 3 and the back surface 4 of the core material 2, respectively, and between the core material inclined surface 3 a and the front plate body 5. In addition to forming a buffer space a at the same time, an insertion slot 7 is formed between the opposing plates 5 and 6 that protrude from the core 2 to the outer periphery, and the panel thickness t is, for example, 90 mm, 105 mm, or 120 mm The panel height H is within 3000 mm and the panel width L is within 1500 mm.
[0008]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4A, the core material 2 is formed with inclined surfaces 3a that are thin toward the core material end 2a on the left and right outer peripheral portions and the upper and lower outer peripheral portions of the core surface 3, respectively. The inclination angle θ of the inclined surface 3a is formed within 5 degrees, and is formed from a heat insulating synthetic resin such as urethane foam having bubbles.
For the plate bodies 5 and 6 that are attached to the core material 2, a structural plywood having a thickness of about 9 mm, for example, a veneer plate that is slightly larger than the core material 2, is used.
[0009]
The front plate body 5 attached to the core surface 3 and the back plate body 6 attached to the back surface 4 are mainly attached using an adhesive, an inclined surface 3a provided on the outer peripheral portion of the surface 3, and a surface The front plate body front portion 5a and the back plate body which form a wedge-shaped buffer space a tapering toward the inside between the front plate body 5 attached to 3 and project from the core end 2a to the outer periphery. The insertion slot 7 is formed between the front portions 6a to a depth of about 50 mm.
[0010]
The building panel 1 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is formed with an inclined surface 3a that is thin toward the core material end 2a on the outer periphery of the core material surface 3, and also on the outer periphery of the core material back surface 4. A thin inclined surface 4 a is formed toward the material end 2 a, and plates 5 and 6 that are slightly larger than the core material 2 are attached to the front surface 3 and the back surface 4.
Between the inclined surface 3a of the core material surface 3 and the front plate body 5, and between the inclined surface 4a of the back surface 4 and the back plate body 6, wedge-shaped buffer spaces a tapering toward the inside are formed, respectively. An insertion slot 7 is formed between the front plate body tip portion 5a and the back plate body tip portion 6a which protrude from the material 2 to the outer periphery and face each other.
[0012]
The core material 2 in FIG. 10 is formed by forming concave grooves 8 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the core material 2 at appropriate intervals on the surface 3 side of the core material 2. In this manner, the front plate body 5 is attached to the front surface 3 excluding the inclined surface 3a and the concave groove 8, and the back plate body 6 is attached to the rear surface 4 excluding the inclined surface 4a.
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, it is possible to insert the electrical wiring L into the concave groove 8 or to insert the outlet C connected to the electrical wiring L. When the outlet C is inserted, the notch is formed in the front plate 5. A mouth is provided so that the outlet C is exposed at the notch.
[0013]
Since the building panel according to the present invention has the above-described structure, an inclined surface 3 a is formed in advance on the outer peripheral portion of the core material surface 3, and the surface 3 and the back surface 4 of the core material 2 are slightly larger than the core material 2. Plates 5 and 6 are attached, or inclined surfaces 3a and 4a are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the core material surface 3 and the back surface 4, and the core material 2 is turned around the surface 3 and the back surface 4 more than the core material 2. The large panels 5 and 6 are attached and the building panel 1 of the present invention is manufactured.
[0014]
When the insertion slot 7 of the building panel 1 according to the present invention is larger than the column width S as shown in FIG. 8, after the insertion slot 7 of the panel 1 is inserted into the structural material P, the back plate body tip portion 6a is first structured. If the front plate body tip 5a is nailed to the material P and then the front plate body tip 5a is nipped to the structural material P, the inclined surface 3a is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the core material surface 3. The core material 2 is nailed while being curved along the inclined surface 3a.
In the building panel 1 in which the inclined surface 4a is also formed on the outer peripheral portion of the core material back surface 4, the structural material P can be nailed from any deviation of the plate body tip portions 5a and 6a.
[0015]
On the other hand, when the insertion slot 7 of the building panel 1 is smaller than the column width S as shown in FIG. 9, the plate body tip portions 5 a and 6 a forming the insertion slot 7 are expanded and the structure is formed in the insertion slot 7. After inserting the material P, the plate body tip portions 5a and 6a are nailed to the structural material P.
Even if the plate body tip portions 5 a and 6 a forming the insertion opening 7 are pushed and expanded, the inclined surface 3 a is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the core material surface 3, or further inclined on the outer peripheral portion of the core material back surface 4. Since the surface 4 a is formed, the plates 5 and 6 are not peeled off from the core material 2.
[0016]
The building panel according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the building panel 1 having a large panel width L, a reinforcing material is provided inside the core member 2 as shown in FIG. 9 is preferably buried. It is also possible to use cellular concrete as the material of the core material 2, and it is also possible to use plywood made of plywood and synthetic resin plates as the material of the plates 5 and 6.
Furthermore, the attachment means for the core material 2 and the plates 5 and 6, the size of the panel 1 and the panel thickness t are not limited to the above embodiment.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
Since the building panel according to the present invention has the above structure, the following effects can be obtained.
An inclined surface that is thin toward the end of the core material is formed on the outer peripheral portion of at least the surface of the core material forming a flat plate shape, and a buffer space is provided between the inclined surface and the plate body that contacts the front and back surfaces of the core material. In addition to forming a fitting insertion hole between the opposing plate body protruding from the core member, the plate body leading part forming the fitting insertion opening is deformed inward within the buffer space. Even if the front end of the plate body is spread outward, it is not peeled off from the core material.
[0018]
Even if there is a dimensional error in the structural material or the building panel of the present invention, since it is a structure that can absorb the dimensional error flexibly, the insertion efficiency of the structural material to the panel insertion slot is dramatically improved, Since the front end of the plate is in close contact with the structural material inserted into the panel insertion slot, the shearing force of the nail driven into the structural material from the front end of the plate is significantly improved.
The panel of the present invention can be used as an inner wall material as well as an outer wall material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1A and 1B are a cross-sectional view and a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example of use of a building panel according to the present invention.
FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C are a plan view, a side view, and a partially cutaway front view showing a structural example of the panel of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an exploded side view showing a structural example of a panel.
4A and 4B are an exploded plan view showing a structural example of a panel and a cross-sectional view showing a structural example of a core material.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are a plan view showing a structural example of a panel and an exploded plan view thereof. FIG.
6A and 6B are a side view showing an example of the structure of a panel and an exploded side view thereof.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are plan views showing an example of panel attachment to a narrow structure material. FIGS.
FIGS. 8A and 8B are plan views showing an example of panel attachment to a thick structure material.
9A and 9B are plan views of the panel of the present invention having a recessed groove.
FIGS. 10A and 10B are plan views of a core material showing an example of forming concave grooves.
FIG. 11 is a plan view of the panel of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a partially cutaway front view thereof.
FIG. 13 is a plan view of a conventional panel.
14A is a side view of a conventional panel, and FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,10 Construction panel 2,12 Core material, 2a Core material end 3 Core material surface, inclined surface 3a
4 Back surface of core material, inclined surface 4a
5,6 Plate body, 5a, 6a Plate body tip part 7, 17 Insertion slot 8 Groove 15, 16 Plate body a Buffer space C generated between the core inclined surface and the plate body C outlet, L Electrical wiring L Panel width , H Panel height, t Panel thickness P Structural material, S Column width

Claims

At least one outer peripheral portion of the front surface (3) and the back surface (4) of the flat core material (2) is provided with an inclined surface that becomes thin toward the core material end (2a). ) And the back surface (4) are attached to the plate (5, 6) that is slightly larger than the core material (2), and a buffer space (a) is formed between the inclined surface of the core material and the plate body. An insertion slot (7) for inserting the structural material (P ) is formed between the front plate body (5) and the back plate body (6) which protrude from the material (2) and face each other. When (7) is larger than the width of the structural material (P), the plate body tip portion that forms the insertion slot (7) is deformed inward within the range of the buffer space (a) and is nailed to the structural material, On the other hand, when the insertion slot (7) is smaller than the width of the structural material (P), the building panel is characterized in that the plate body tip portion is expanded in the range of the buffer space (a) and nailed to the structural material. .