JP3595575B2 - Laser processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a laser processing apparatus provided with a balancer in a positioning apparatus for positioning a laser processing head.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An outline of a conventional optical axis moving type laser beam machine is shown in FIG. In a laser beam machine equipped with this type of positioning device, a first axis carriage 103 is provided overhanging from the laser beam machine body 101, and the first axis carriage 103 is parallel to the laser beam machine body 101. It is provided so as to be movable in the direction of the first axis (usually the X axis).
[0003]
The first-axis carriage 103 is provided with a second-axis carriage 105 that is movable in a second-axis (usually Y-axis) direction that is orthogonal to the movement direction of the first-axis carriage 103. ing. A laser processing head 107 is attached to the second shaft carriage 105, and a laser beam from a laser oscillator 109 is provided to the laser processing head 107 through a plurality of bend mirrors (not shown). .
[0004]
As shown in the guide mechanism of the first axis carriage shown in FIG. 5, the first axis carriage 103 is guided along a pair of first axis (X axis) guide rails 115F and 115R provided in the laser processing machine main body 101. The second axis carriage 105 is configured to be guided along a plurality of second axis (Y axis) guide rails (not shown) provided on the side surface of the first axis carriage 103. The first axis carriage 103 is moved and positioned at an arbitrary position in the first axis (X axis) direction by a drive mechanism (not shown) provided in the laser processing machine main body 101. The second-axis carriage 105 is moved and positioned at an arbitrary position in the second-axis (Y-axis) direction by a drive mechanism (not shown) provided on the side surface of the first-axis carriage 103.
[0005]
The first shaft carriage 103 includes three bearings (117A, 117B) provided on the first shaft carriage 103 on a pair of first shaft (X axis) guide rails 115F and 115R provided on the laser processing machine main body 101. are guided by 117C), when the distance between the center of the bearing 117A and the bearing 117B and _{L 1,} the distance between the processing center P and the first axis of the head 107 (X-axis) guide rail 115F and _{L 2} The moment of force F ₀ × L ₂ when the force F ₀ in the first axis (X-axis) direction is generated at the axis P of the laser processing head 107 is provided so as to be balanced with the moment F ₁ × L _1. It is. F ₁ is a force applied to the bearing 117A.
[0006]
Below the positioning device 111 configured as described above, a processing table 113 for mounting and fixing the workpiece W is provided, and laser processing provided on the second axis carriage 105 of the positioning device 111 is provided. Cutting or welding with a laser beam is performed within a range in which the head 107 can be positioned.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional optical axis moving type laser beam machine is configured as described above. When the first axis carriage 103 of the positioning device 111 is moved in the first axis direction (X axis), it is placed on the first axis carriage 103. Depending on the position of the stopped second-axis carriage 105, the moment of the first-axis carriage 103 about the first-axis (X-axis) guide rail changes. As a result, there is a problem that “deflection” generated in the first axis carriage 103 changes depending on the position of the second axis carriage 105, and the machining accuracy also changes depending on the position of the second axis carriage 105.
[0008]
Further by reducing the load on the bearing (117A, 117B), to improve the positioning accuracy of the laser processing head 107 by pressing the deformation of the bearing, a large spacing _{L 1} between the bearing 117A and the bearing 117B there are or how to reduce the L _2. However, the former has a problem that the dimension of the first axis carriage 103 in the first axis (X-axis) direction becomes large and the laser processing machine becomes large, and the latter has a problem that the machining dimension range of the product becomes small. . Further, if the bearings (117A, 117B) having high rigidity are used, the deformation of the bearing can be reduced, but this also has a problem that the cost of the laser processing machine is increased.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an overhang from the laser processing apparatus main body and change the position of the second axis carriage on the first axis carriage. However, it is to provide a laser processing apparatus in which the moment of the first axis carriage does not change and the positioning accuracy of the laser processing head does not change.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the laser machining apparatus of the present invention is provided with a first axis guide rail substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame of the laser machining apparatus, and a first axis carriage guided by the first axis guide rail. The second shaft is provided with a laser processing head on the first shaft carriage which is provided so as to protrude in both directions orthogonal to the first shaft guide rail around the first shaft guide rail and overhangs from the first shaft guide rail. with the axis carriage provided movably in the second axial direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the first axis Kyaritsuji, the second axial to the first axis carriage overhanging on the other side of the first axis guide rails A balancer provided with a movable balancer and balancing the balancer and the moment of the second shaft carriage with respect to the center of the first shaft guide rail Provided in the laser processing apparatus having a mechanism, and a first rotor and the second rotor to the side of the other end portion of the distal end portion side and the first portal frame side of the first axis carriage respectively, said first The first rotation transmission member is wound around the second rotating body, the upper running portion of the first rotation transmission member is fixed to the second shaft carriage, and is provided integrally with the second rotating body. A fourth rotating body is provided on a side surface of the first shaft carriage above the third rotating body and the first shaft guide rail, and a second rotation transmission member is wound around the third and fourth rotating bodies, A lower traveling portion of the second rotation transmission member is fixed to the balancer, and the second shaft carriage is located at a position farthest or closest to the center of the first shaft guide rail. The distances from the center of the single-axis guide rail are l ₁ and l , respectively. ₂ , when the distance from the center of the first axis guide rail when the balancer is at a position farthest or closest from the center of the first axis guide rail is l ₃ and l ₄ , respectively , The ratio D / d between the diameter D of the first and second rotating bodies and the diameter d of the third and fourth rotating bodies is l ₁ / l ₃ and It is set equal to l ₂ / l ₄ .
[0011]
In the laser processing apparatus , the first rotating body and the second rotating body, and the third rotating body and the fourth rotating body include a toothed pulley, a sprocket gear, a grooved pulley, or the like, and the first rotation transmission member The second rotation transmission member is formed of a toothed belt, a chain, a wire, or the like .
[0012]
[Action]
With the above-described configuration, when the first-axis carriage is moved and positioned in the first-axis direction, the first-axis guide rail (where the second-axis carriage moves to any position of the first-axis carriage) The horizontal moment around 11A) is always balanced.
[0013]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an overall outline of an embodiment of a laser processing apparatus 1 of the present invention. The first portal frame 3 is composed of a first beam member 5 and left and right struts (7, 9) provided at both ends thereof and having different strengths.
[0014]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the second portal frame 27 is removed from FIG. Referring to FIG. 2, two guide rails are laid in parallel on the first beam member 5 in the longitudinal direction of the first beam member 5. The front-side guide rail 11A constitutes a first-axis guide rail that regulates the first axis direction, and the back-side guide rail 11B is guided by the first-axis guide rail that regulates the first axis direction. It acts to regulate lifting.
[0015]
On the first shaft guide rails (11A, 11B), a first shaft carriage 13 movable in the first axis direction is guided by three first shaft guide members (15A, 15B, 15C). A first shaft ball screw 19 that is driven to rotate by a first shaft carriage drive motor 17 is provided substantially in the middle of the first shaft guide rails (11A, 11B). A first shaft ball nut (not shown) that is screwed with the first shaft ball screw 19 is provided. One end of the first shaft carriage 13 is provided so as to protrude greatly from the first shaft guide rail 11A provided on the first beam member 5 of the first gate-type frame 3, and the other end portion is the first end. The first shaft guide rail 11B is provided so as to protrude from the first shaft guide rail 11B, and the lifting of the first shaft guide rail 11B is restricted.
[0016]
The first shaft carriage 13 can be appropriately moved and positioned in the first axis direction by appropriately rotating the first shaft carriage drive motor 17 having the above configuration.
[0017]
In addition, a pair of second shaft guide rails (21A, 21B) are provided on the lower surface of the first shaft carriage 13 in the second axis direction orthogonal to the first axis direction. A second shaft carriage 23 is guided to the shaft guide rail by a plurality of second shaft guide members (not shown). In addition, a second shaft ball screw (not shown) that is driven to rotate by a second shaft carriage drive motor (not shown) is provided substantially between the two second shaft guide rails (21A, 21B). The second shaft carriage 23 is provided with a second shaft ball nut (not shown) that is screwed with the second shaft ball screw (not shown). Further, a laser processing head 25 is fixed to the second shaft carriage 23 by an appropriate means.
[0018]
In the above configuration, the second shaft carriage 23 can be appropriately moved and positioned in the second axis direction by appropriately rotating the second shaft drive motor (not shown). Therefore, if the first-axis carriage drive motor 17 and the second-axis drive motor (not shown) are appropriately driven to rotate, the first-axis carriage 13 and the second-axis carriage (not shown) can be arbitrarily arranged on the XY plane. Can be positioned. That is, the laser processing head 25 can be positioned at an arbitrary position on the XY plane by this positioning device including the first axis carriage 13 and the second axis carriage (not shown).
[0019]
On the first gate-type frame 3, a rectangular second gate-type frame 27 having a planar outer dimension substantially equal to the first gate-type frame 3 is fixedly installed. Four frame legs (31A, 31B, 31C, 31D) are provided at the four corners of the second beam member 29 of the second portal frame 27, and the four frame legs (31A, 31B, 31C) are provided. , 31D), the left frame leg (31A, 31B) is placed on the second beam member 29 at a position above the left column (7) of the first portal frame 3 and the right frame leg (31C). , 31D) is installed and fixed on the second beam member 29 at a position above the right column (9) of the first portal frame 3. The left frame leg (31A, 31B) and the right frame leg (31C, 31D) may be integrally formed. On the second beam member 29 of the second portal frame 27, a laser oscillator 33 and a power supply device 35 for the laser oscillator are mounted and fixed adjacent to each other. In the case of sheet metal processing, the laser oscillator 33 is mainly a high-power carbon dioxide laser oscillator, but a solid-state YAG laser can also be used.
[0020]
The left support column 7 or the right support column 9 of the first portal frame 3 has a compressive load P through the left and right frame legs of the second portal frame 27 and a compressive load through the first beam member 5. In addition, a bending moment due to a dynamic load acts when the first shaft carriage 13 stops moving in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the width A of the left column 7 of the first portal frame 3 is increased from that of the right column 9 to counter the bending moment. As is well known, the horizontal moment of inertia in the horizontal direction described above increases in proportion to the cube of the width A of the left column 7, so that the width of one column is increased rather than being distributed in both directions. It is very efficient. In the embodiment, the width of the left column 7 is increased, but either the left column 7 or the right column 9 may be set as such.
[0021]
A laser beam 37 from the laser oscillator 33 reaches a final bend mirror (not shown) of the laser processing head 25 via a bend mirror 39 and several bend mirrors (not shown), and a condenser lens (not shown) of the laser processing head 25. ) And is irradiated onto the workpiece W placed and fixed on the processing table 41.
[0022]
With the above configuration, the load of the laser oscillator 33 and the power supply device 35 of the laser oscillator placed on the second beam member 29 of the second portal frame 27 is the four frame legs (31A, 31B, 31C). , 31D) and distributed to the left strut (7) and the right strut (9) of the first portal frame 3 to completely bend the first beam member 5 of the first portal frame 3. It does not affect. Further, the influence of the dynamic load on the first portal frame 3 when the first shaft carriage 13 moves is that the dynamic load that is expected to have the strength of one column of the first portal frame 3 (the left column 7 in the embodiment). The deformation due to dynamic load is canceled because it is set to be large in consideration of the deformation due to.
[0023]
In FIG. 2, the first rotating body 43 is freely rotatable on the right vertical surface of the front end portion of the first shaft carriage 13 overhanging from the first beam member 5 of the first portal frame 3 to the front. And a second rotating body 45 is rotatably provided on the right vertical surface of the other end of the first shaft carriage 13. As the first rotating body 43 and the second rotating body 45, for example, a grooved pulley, a sprocket gear, or a toothed pulley can be used. A first rotation transmission member 47 is wound around the first rotation body 43 and the second rotation body 45. For the first rotation transmission member 47, for example, a wire, a chain, a toothed belt, or the like is used. I can do it. The upper traveling portion of the first rotation transmission member 47 is fixed to the vertical portion of the second shaft carriage 23 located at the tip portion of the first shaft carriage 13. A first rotation transmission member passage groove 49 through which the first rotation transmission member 47 can pass is provided in a vertical portion of the second shaft carriage 23.
[0024]
A small-diameter third rotating body 51 is integrally provided on the rotating shaft of the second rotating body 45. A fourth rotating body 53 having the same diameter as the third rotating body 51 is rotatably provided on the right vertical surface of the first shaft carriage 13 above the guide rail 11A. A second rotation transmitting member 55 is wound between the four rotating bodies 53. The lower traveling portion of the second rotation transmission member 55 is fixed to a balancer 57 located on the right vertical surface of the other end portion of the first shaft carriage 13. The balancer 57 is provided so as to be movable in the second axial direction by a well-known guide means (not shown) provided on the right vertical surface of the first shaft carriage 13 and the second rotation transmission member 55 can pass therethrough. A two-rotation transmission member passage groove 59 is provided. Further, as the third and fourth rotating bodies, the same members as those of the first and second rotating bodies can be used, and the same members as the first rotation transmitting member can be used for the second rotation transmitting member. .
[0025]
In the above configuration, if the second shaft carriage 23 moves in the direction of arrow A shown in FIG. 2, the first rotation transmission member also moves in the direction of arrow A, and the second rotating body 45 rotates in the clockwise direction. It will be. Accordingly, the small-diameter third rotating body 51 fixed coaxially with the second rotating body 45 also rotates clockwise. Therefore, the balancer 57 fixed to the lower traveling portion of the third rotating body 51 moves in the direction of the arrow B opposite to the arrow A. Naturally, when the second shaft carriage 23 returns in the direction of arrow B, the balancer 57 returns in the direction of arrow A.
[0026]
Referring to FIG. 3, a horizontal moment relationship diagram of the second shaft carriage 23 and the balancer 57 around the first shaft guide rail 11A is shown. Now, assuming that the mass of the second shaft carriage 23 is m ₁ and the mass of the balancer 57 is m ₂ , from the center C when the second shaft carriage 23 is farthest from the center C of the first shaft guide rail 11A. the distance l _1, the distance from the center C of when in closest position and l _2, position l _3, which is closest to the distance from the center C when the balancer 57 is in the position farthest When the distance from the center C when it is at is ₄ , the moment relationship between the second shaft carriage 23 and the balancer 57 is as follows.
m ₁ × l ₁ = m ₂ × l ₃ (1)
m ₁ × l ₂ = m ₂ × l ₄ (2)
[0027]
Further, when the diameter of the first rotating body 43 and the second rotating body 45 is D, and the diameter of the third rotating body 51 and the fourth rotating body 53 is d, the diameter D of the second rotating body 45 and the third rotating body. The relationship between the diameter 51 and the diameter d is set as follows.
D / d = l ₁ / l ₃ = l ₂ / l ₄ (3)
[0028]
From the above relational expression, for example, if the first rotating body 43 rotates n ₁ and the second shaft carriage 23 moves by π × D × n ₁ = l ₁ , then the balancer mechanism of the present invention is the third rotating body. Since 51 also rotates n ₁ times, the balancer 57 moves in the reverse direction by π × d × n ₁ = π × l ₃ / l ₁ × D × n ₁ = l ₃ . Similarly balancer 57 when to move the second shaft carriage 23 to l ₂ moments moved to l ₄ will always be balanced.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
When the first axis carriage is moved and positioned in the first axis direction, the second axis carriage that is movable in the second axis direction on the first axis carriage is positioned at any position of the first axis carriage. Since the moment in the horizontal direction around the single axis guide rail is always balanced, the lateral load applied to the first axis guide member (15A, 15B) is canceled, and the first axis direction (X axis) at the tip of the machining head is canceled. Direction) displacement can be minimized. As a result, the accuracy of the positioning device is improved and the laser processing accuracy is improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an overall outline of a laser processing apparatus embodying the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the entire first-axis carriage with the second portal frame removed from FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a moment relation of a balancer mechanism implemented in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an overall outline of a conventional laser processing apparatus.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a positioning device mechanism in a conventional laser processing apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Laser processing apparatus 3 1st portal frame 5 1st beam member 7 Left support | pillar 9 Right support | pillar 11A, 11B 1st axis guide rail 13 1st axis carriage 15A, 15B, 15C 1st axis guide member 17 1st axis carriage drive Motor 19 First shaft ball screws 21A, 21B Second shaft guide rail 23 Second shaft carriage 25 Laser processing head 33 Laser oscillator 35 Power supply device 37 Laser beam 41 Processing table 43 First rotating body 45 Second rotating body 47 First rotation Body transmitting member 51 Third rotating body 53 Fourth rotating body 55 Second rotating body transmitting member 57 Balancer C Center of first shaft guide rail 11A l ₁ , l ₂ , l ₃ , l ₄ Center of first shaft guide rail 11A Distance from C m ₁ Mass of the second shaft carriage m ₂ Balancer mass W Workpiece

Claims (2)

A first axis guide rail substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame of the laser processing apparatus is provided, and the first axis guide rail guided by the first axis guide rail is arranged around the first axis guide rail. A second axis carriage provided with a laser processing head on the first axis carriage, which is provided so as to extend in both directions orthogonal to the first axis guide rail and overhangs forward from the first axis guide rail, is orthogonal to the moving direction of the first axis carriage. with movably provided in two axial directions, said overhanging the other side of the first axis guide rail movable balancer provided the in the second axial direction to the first axis carriage, said with the balancer second axis carriage in the laser processing apparatus having a balancer mechanism to balance the moments with respect to the center of the first shaft guide rail, said first Jikuki A first rotator and a second rotator are provided on the side surface of the leading edge of the ridge and the side surface of the other end on the first portal frame side, respectively, and the first rotation transmission member is wound around the first and second rotators. The upper running portion of the first rotation transmission member is fixed to the second shaft carriage, and the third rotating body provided coaxially with the second rotating body and above the first shaft guide rail. A fourth rotating body is provided on a side surface of the first shaft carriage at a position, a second rotation transmitting member is wound around the third and fourth rotating bodies, and a lower traveling portion of the second rotation transmitting member is placed on the balancer. The distance from the center of the first axis guide rail when the second axis carriage is at a position farthest or closest from the center of the first axis guide rail is 1 ₁ , respectively. , l _2, center the balancer is of the first axis guide rails When the distance from the center of the first shaft guide rail when in al farthest position or closest position and l _3, l _4, respectively, the first, the diameter D of the second rotary member The ratio D / d to the diameter d of the third and fourth rotating bodies is l ₁ / l ₃ and A laser processing apparatus, which is provided so as to be equal to l ₂ / l ₄ . 2. The laser processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first rotating body, the second rotating body, the third rotating body, and the fourth rotating body are formed of a toothed pulley, a sprocket gear, a grooved pulley, or the like. The rotation processing member and the second rotation transmission member are formed of a toothed belt, a chain, a wire, or the like .

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