JP3594509B2 - Sputum sampling booth - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sputum collection booth installed in a hospital or the like, and more specifically, includes a ventilation means for maintaining the inside of the booth at a negative pressure to ventilate, and collecting test sputum from a subject in the booth under the negative pressure ventilation. Regarding the sputum collection booth.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In this type of sputum booth, keeping the booth at a negative pressure prevents the bacteria scattered at the time of collecting sputum from leaking out of the booth, and also provides ventilation inside the booth with the introduction of external air. The booth is kept in a good atmosphere. Conventionally, as a sputum collection booth of this type, as shown in FIG. The intake air is blown out and supplied to the booth sampling chamber 2 as ventilation air SA through the high performance filter 13 over the entire circulation section 9 and the ceiling of the booth sampling chamber 2, and in parallel with this, the exhaust fan 14 booths. The room air in the internal sputum chamber 2 is discharged to the outside as exhaust EA through the exhaust path 15, and external fresh air OA is introduced through the air intake path 7 to the booth sputum chamber 2 that is reduced in pressure by the air discharge. I will do it There are things you.
[0003]
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the exhaust air 14 exhausts the room air RA of the booth sputum collection chamber 2 to the outside as exhaust EA through the exhaust path 15, and purifies the exhaust air by the high-performance filter 16, and In some cases, external air OA is introduced into the sputum collection chamber 2 in the booth, which is reduced in pressure by the air discharge, through the air intake path 7 and the ceiling outlet 5 extending over the entire ceiling.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the former sputum collection booth shown in FIG. 3, the air SA purified by the high-performance filter 13 in the air circulation through the circulation path 9 is blown out from the entire ceiling portion of the booth collection chamber 2 and supplied into the room. The cleanliness of the booth can be maintained at a high level while the pressure of the sputum collection room 2 in the booth is kept at a negative pressure, and the collected sputum for inspection can be effectively prevented from being contaminated by invading bacteria from outside the booth. In this respect, there is an advantage that the accuracy of the sputum test can be maintained at a high level. However, since two fans, ie, the circulation fan 10 and the exhaust fan 14, are required, there is a problem that the apparatus cost and the running cost are high. Although the leakage of bacteria to the outside is prevented by the negative pressure, the air EA exhausted to the outside through the exhaust path 15 may contain scattered bacteria at the time of collecting sputum, causing a risk of contaminating the surroundings.
[0005]
On the other hand, in the latter sputum collection booth shown in FIG. 4, the leakage of bacteria to the outside can be almost surely prevented by reducing the pressure of the sputum collection chamber 2 in the booth and purifying the exhaust gas by the high-performance filter 16, and the fan is also an exhaust fan. 14 has the advantage of only one unit, but a large amount of external air OA sufficient to form a sufficient room air flow in the sputum collection room 2 in the booth (that is, equivalent to the air volume in the circulation passage in the sputum booth shown in FIG. 3) A large amount of external air) is introduced through the air intake path 7 and the introduced external air OA is supplied into the room from the entire ceiling of the sputum collection room 2 in the booth. Thus, there is a high risk that the collected sputum for examination may be contaminated by bacteria invading from the sputum, resulting in an error in the examination result of the sputum examination.
[0006]
Further, in the former case, it is conceivable to prevent leakage of bacteria to the outside by interposing a high-performance filter also in the exhaust path 15 as an improvement. A high-performance filter is required in two places with the road, and the number of locations where the high-performance filters are provided increases, which causes a problem that maintenance work for filter replacement becomes complicated.
[0007]
In the latter case, it is conceivable to prevent the invasion of bacteria from the outside by installing a high-performance filter in the air intake path 7 or the ceiling outlet 5 as an improvement. In addition to the increased number of installation points, the high-performance filter for purifying a large amount of introduced external air and the high-performance filter for purifying the same amount of large amount of exhaust air as described above provide ventilation to the sputum collection chamber 2 in the booth. As a result of being arranged in series on the path, the overall ventilation resistance for the sputum collection chamber 2 in the booth becomes extremely large, so that an extremely powerful fan is required for the exhaust fan 14 or the air intake path 7 also requires the installation of a fan, so that two fans are required, which causes a problem that the apparatus cost and the running cost increase.
[0008]
In view of these circumstances, a main problem of the present invention is that the above-described problems can be effectively solved by adopting a rational wind path configuration in ventilation while maintaining the inside of the booth at a negative pressure. It is in.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the invention according to claim 1, as ventilation means for ventilating the sputum collection booth at a negative pressure,
A ceiling outlet that blows out ventilation air from almost the entire ceiling to the sputum collection room in the booth,
An air intake path for taking external air into the sputum collection chamber in the booth,
A circulation path for sucking room air from the booth sampling chamber by a circulation fan and sending the suctioned air to the ceiling outlet as ventilation air;
A high-performance filter that purifies air sent to the ceiling outlet through the circulation path;
A branch exhaust path is provided which is branched from the circulation path downstream of the interposed points of the circulation fan and the high-performance filter and discharges a part of the intake air from the sputum collection chamber in the booth to the outside. Configure.
[0010]
That is, in this configuration, in the air circulation by the circulation fan through the circulation path, the intake air from the sputum collection chamber in the booth is purified by the high-performance filter, and the purified air is used as ventilation air to be collected in the booth through the ceiling outlet. Spout is supplied from almost the entire ceiling of the sputum room into the booth sputum collection room.
[0011]
In parallel with this, the intake air from the sputum collection chamber in the booth, which has been purified by the high-performance filter, passes through the branch exhaust path that branches off from the circulation path on the downstream side of the intervening points of the circulation fan and the high-performance filter. A part of the air is discharged to the outside by using the blowing function of the circulation fan, and external fresh air is introduced into the sputum collection chamber in the booth, which is made negative by the air discharge, through an air intake passage.
[0012]
That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, as described above, the air purified by the high-performance filter is blown out from almost the entire ceiling portion of the sputum collection chamber in the booth and supplied into the room, so that the sampling shown in FIG. Like the sputum booth, it can maintain a high degree of cleanliness while keeping the sputum collection room in the booth at a negative pressure, so that the collected test sputum is contaminated by invading bacteria from outside the booth. And the accuracy of the sputum test can be kept high.
[0013]
In addition, since the inhaled air from the booth sputum chamber is purified by a high-performance filter and a part of the purified inhaled air is discharged to the outside, the negative pressure of the booth sputum chamber is combined with the negative pressure, Leakage of scattered bacteria at the time of collecting sputum can be almost surely prevented from leaking out of the booth, and safety against surrounding contamination can be ensured high.
[0014]
In addition, since the circulation fan provided in the circulation path is also used as an exhaust fan for discharging air to the outside, the required number of fans can be reduced. Since the performance filter is interposed, as in the case of installing the high-performance filter also in the air intake path and the ceiling outlet in the sputum collection booth shown in FIG. Thus, the high-performance filters are not arranged in series, and a powerful fan is not required. In these respects, the apparatus cost and the running cost can be reduced.
[0015]
In addition, since the high-performance filter interposed in the circulation path is used as a filter for sending air to the ceiling outlet and a filter for external exhaust air, the number of high-performance filters is reduced. Therefore, maintenance work for replacing the filter can be facilitated, and from these, a sputum collection booth as a whole that is more excellent than the conventional booth shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be obtained.
[0016]
The air intake path may be a wind path that directly introduces external air into the booth sputum collection chamber, or an air path that introduces external air into the booth sputum collection chamber in a state of merging with the circulating air through the circulation path. Either type may be used. In particular, if a configuration is adopted in which the air intake path is connected to the circulation path on the upstream side of the intervening point of each of the circulation fan and the high-performance filter, a high-performance filter for the air intake path is provided. It is also possible to purify the introduced external air while eliminating the need for additional installation.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a sputum collection booth, 1 is a booth body, and 2 is a sputum collection chamber formed in the booth. In this booth collection sputum chamber 2, sputum for examination is collected from a subject.
[0018]
Reference numeral 3 denotes a perforated plate that forms the ceiling of the booth sputum collection chamber 2, and the space inside the booth (the space above the ceiling) on the back side of the perforated plate 3 serves as an air supply chamber 4, and the ceiling of the booth sputum collection chamber 2 The entire surface is a ceiling outlet 5 made of the perforated plate 3, and the ventilation air SA supplied to the air supply chamber 4 is uniformly blown out from the ceiling outlet 5 to the entire sputum collection room 2 in the booth. It is like that.
[0019]
Numeral 6 denotes an air inlet disposed in the lower part of the booth sputum chamber 2, and external fresh air OA is supplied from the air inlet 6 to the booth sputum chamber through an air inlet 7 connected to the air inlet 6. Introduce to 2.
[0020]
Reference numeral 8 denotes a suction port similarly arranged in the lower part of the sputum collection chamber 2 in the booth, and a circulation path 9 for connecting the suction port 8 and the air supply chamber 4 above the ceiling is provided. A fan 10 and a high-performance filter 11 (for example, a HEPA filter) are interposed.
[0021]
That is, the circulation fan 10 sucks the room air RA of the booth sputum collection chamber 2 from the suction port 8 and sends the suction air RA to the air supply chamber 4 through the circulation path 9 to perform air circulation. By supplying the air RA 'purified by the high-performance filter 11 as ventilation air SA from the ceiling outlet 5 to the sputum collecting chamber 2 in the booth, the cleanliness of the sputum collecting chamber 2 in the booth is kept high. This prevents the sputum collected from the subject from being contaminated by invading bacteria from the outside in the sputum collection room 2 in the booth.
[0022]
Reference numeral 12 denotes a branch exhaust path that branches off from the circulation path 9 downstream of the interposed points of the circulation fan 10 and the high-performance filter 11, and a part of the air RA ′ purified by the high-performance filter 11 in the circulation path 9. In the state where the air blowing function of the circulation fan 10 is used, the air is exhausted as exhaust EA from the branch exhaust path 12 to the outside.
[0023]
In other words, by keeping the sputum collection chamber 2 in the booth in a negative pressure state by this air discharge, and by discharging the purified air EA by the high-performance filter 11 to the outside, the sputum collection chamber in the booth at the time of sputum collection. In step 2, the scattered bacteria are prevented from leaking to the outside, and fresh air OA outside is introduced into the booth sputum collection chamber 2 through the air intake channel 7 with the negative pressure.
[0024]
In the figure, V is an air volume adjustment damper, which adjusts the degree of negative pressure of the sputum collection chamber 2 in the booth and the number of ventilations by adjusting the air volume of each part by these dampers V.
[0025]
FIG. 2 shows the sputum collection booth shown in FIG. 1 packaged (in other words, unitized) to facilitate installation in a hospital or the like, and the inside of a box 1 as a booth frame is supplied. It is divided into three regions: an upper region a serving as the air chamber 4, a lower region b serving as the sputum chamber 2, and a lower region of the upper region a located near one side wall of the box 1 in the air passage region c. The upper zone a and the chamber zone b are separated by a perforated plate 3 serving as a ceiling outlet 5.
[0026]
A lower communication port e for communicating the chamber area b with the air path area c is formed below the inner wall d that separates the chamber area b from the air path area c. a through the upper communication port f, thereby making the lower communication port e the suction port 8 for the sputum collection chamber 2 and connecting the inside of the air passage area c with the suction port 8 and the air supply chamber 4. 9
[0027]
The inside of the air passage area c is vertically divided by a partition wall g, and the circulation fan 10 is built in the air passage area c in a form in which the fan discharge port is connected to an opening h formed in the partition wall g with the fan discharge port facing upward. The high-performance filter 11 is also built in the air passage area c in such a manner that the upper communication port f is an opening for attaching a filter, so that the air RA in the chamber area b serving as the sputum collection chamber 2 is built in the air passage area. The circulation fan 10 draws air from the lower communication port e as the suction port 8 into the air passage area c, and the intake air passes through the air passage area c as the circulation path 9 and the upper communication port f as a filter mounting opening. The air circulation to be sent to the upper layer area a as the air circulation section 4 is performed, and in this air circulation, the air RA ′ sent from the air path area c to the upper layer area a (that is, the ventilation air SA blown out from the ceiling outlet 5 to the sputum chamber 2). Purified by a high-performance filter 11 built in the air passage area To.
[0028]
An exhaust port i for connecting the upper layer area a to the outside of the box body 1 is formed in the upper part of the side wall of the side wall of the box body 1 on the side where the air passage area is formed. Is formed at the lower part of the side wall forming the air inlet 6, which communicates the chamber area a with the outside of the box 1, whereby the purified air sent to the upper layer area a through the built-in high-performance filter 11 is formed. A part of RA ′ is discharged from the exhaust port i to the outside of the box 1 in a state in which the ventilation function of the built-in circulation fan 10 is used and the exhaust port i is formed as a branch exhaust path 12 to the outside. By this air discharge, the chamber area a as the sputum collection chamber 2 is maintained in a negative pressure state, and with the negative pressure, the air intake port 6 is used as an air intake path 7 for the external air, so that fresh air outside the box body is removed. OA is introduced from the air inlet 6 into a chamber area a as the sputum chamber 2.
[0029]
In addition, j is an opening-mounting device capable of adjusting the amount of air passing therethrough.
[0030]
Reference numeral s1 denotes an operation changeover switch for switching between the automatic mode and the continuous mode. In the automatic mode, the subject first turns on the operation switch s2 before entering the sputum collection room 2. When the operation switch s2 is turned on, the operation of the circulation fan 10 is started. When a predetermined time (for example, 30 seconds) elapses from this start, it is determined that the interior of the sputum collection chamber 2 has reached a sufficient degree of cleanliness, and it is possible to enter the room. The lamp lights up.
[0031]
The subject checks the lighting of the enterable lamp and enters the sputum collection room 2 to collect sputum. When the sputum collection is completed, the subject turns on the end switch s3 in the sputum collection chamber 2.
[0032]
When a predetermined time (for example, 60 seconds) elapses after the end switch s3 is turned on, it is determined that the scattered bacteria at the time of sputum collection has been sufficiently removed from the room by exhausting air from the sputum collection chamber 2, and the exit possible lamp Is turned on, the operation of the circulation fan 10 is stopped, and the examinee confirms that the exit possible lamp is lit, and exits from the sputum collection room 2.
[0033]
On the other hand, in the continuous mode, when the operation switch s1 is turned ON, the operation of the circulation fan 10 is started and the operation lamp is turned on.
[0034]
The subject checks the lighting of the operation lamp and enters the sputum collection room 2 to collect sputum. When the sputum collection is completed, the subject turns on the end switch s3 in the sputum collection chamber 2.
[0035]
When a predetermined time (for example, 60 seconds) elapses after the end switch s3 is turned on, it is determined that the scattered bacteria at the time of sputum collection has been sufficiently removed from the room by exhausting air from the sputum collection chamber 2, and the exit possible lamp Lights up, and the subject confirms that the exit possible lamp is lit, and then leaves the sputum collection room 2. The operation of the circulation fan 10 is continued until the operation switch s1 is turned off.
[0036]
In other words, the automatic mode is an operation mode suitable for suppressing power consumption and filter consumption in intermittent use, and the continuous mode is suitable for shortening the waiting time of each person when a large number of people use the apparatus continuously. Operating mode.
[0037]
[Another embodiment]
A high-performance filter may be interposed in the air intake passage 7 to purify the external air OA introduced from the air intake passage 7 into the booth sampling chamber 2. An auxiliary fan may be interposed in the path 7 to assist the introduction of external air by the auxiliary fan within a range where the negative pressure state of the sputum collection chamber 2 in the booth is maintained.
[0038]
In the above-described embodiment, an example was shown in which the air intake path 7 was a direct connection air path to the sputum collection chamber 2 in the booth, but instead, as shown by a broken line in FIG. The air intake path 7 ′ may be connected to the circulation path 9 on the upstream side of the respective interposed points of the filters 11.
[0039]
When the facility length of the branch exhaust path 12 to the air discharge point becomes long, an auxiliary exhaust fan may be interposed in the branch exhaust path 12 to assist air discharge.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a sputum booth showing an embodiment; FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a package type sputum booth; FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a conventional example of a sputum booth; FIG. Diagram showing conventional example [Description of reference numerals]
2 Booth collection chamber 5 Ceiling outlet 7 Air intake path 9 Circulation path 10 Circulation fan 11 High-performance filter 12 Branch exhaust path OA External air RA Indoor air SA Ventilation air

Claims (1)

It is a sputum collection booth that is provided with ventilation means for maintaining the inside of the booth at a negative pressure and ventilating, and collecting sputum for examination from a subject in the booth under the negative pressure ventilation,
As the ventilation means,
A ceiling outlet that blows out ventilation air from almost the entire ceiling to the sputum collection room in the booth,
An air intake path for taking external air into the sputum collection chamber in the booth,
A circulation path for sucking room air from the booth sampling chamber by a circulation fan and sending the suctioned air to the ceiling outlet as ventilation air;
A high-performance filter that purifies air sent to the ceiling outlet through the circulation path;
A branch exhaust path that is branched from the circulation path downstream of the interposed points of the circulation fan and the high-performance filter and that discharges part of the intake air from the sputum collection chamber in the booth to the outside; There is a sputum booth.

Images