JP3593557B2 - Parasite control method by Shimaisaki - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for controlling fish parasites, which uses a worm to control parasites attached to the surface of a fish body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method for controlling parasites attached to the body surface of breeding fish, a method using freshwater bath or a method using medicine (medicine bath) has been developed for saltwater fish.
However, in freshwater bathing, the movement of fish cages and freshwater put stress on the breeding fish, the thread on the fish produced during the movement may cause a new infectious disease, and it requires a lot of manpower etc. , The effect has not gone up.
[0003]
On the other hand, in medical baths, trichlorofon and formalin are used because of their anthelmintic effect. However, all of them have extremely high biotoxicity. For example, Dipterex (trichloroform) used for controlling parasitic copepods that are parasitic on yellowtail It is reported that a 100 ppm, 50-second bath can destroy almost 100% of insecticides, but its toxicity to yellowtail itself is extremely high, and only 100 ppm, a 3-minute bath, results in a state of asphyxia. I have.
[0004]
In addition, it has been pointed out that some drugs may remain in breeding fish. At the site, these chemicals are administered in large quantities by enclosing the cage itself with a sheet, but after use, the sheet is removed and dumped directly into the sea, and there is a concern about serious environmental pollution. Thus, no effective treatment has been developed for controlling parasites, and a drastic solution has been desired.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It is an object of the present invention to develop a method for effectively eliminating parasites attached to the body surface of reared fish.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In tropical and subtropical regions, it is known that the horned wakevera (Beraceae) cleans parasites attached to groupers, but in temperate regions around Japan, there is no known fish to be cleaned. Was.
However, the present inventor found that a large black porgy (Thai family) and a mullet (Bora family) had been cleaned by a 10 cm long shimasaki larva (Shimasaki family) in Shioya fishing port in Ono town, Hiroshima prefecture.
[0007]
The present invention has been made based on this finding. That is,
(1) A method of controlling parasites of fish, which comprises using paramecium to eliminate parasites attached to the surface of the fish body in a breeding and aquaculture facility ;
(2) The method for controlling fish parasites according to ( 1 ) , wherein the total length of the Shimasaki is 5 to 12 cm ,
( 3 ) The method for controlling fish parasites according to (1) or ( 2 ) , wherein the fish is red sea bream, black porgy, chitinu, mullet, menada or shimaisaki.
About.
[0008]
A cleaner such as Hong Some Wake Vera forms a fixed place for performing a cleaning called a cleaning station, and when a client needs cleaning, the client visits the place and requests the cleaner to perform cleaning.
The cleaner ingests parasites (parasitic copepods, isopods, etc.) parasitizing the body surface of the client, the oral cavity or the gill cavity, mucus on the body surface, peeling scales, etc. Resources.
[0009]
On the other hand, the client does not attack the cleaner, but removes discomfort and maintains his or her health by getting rid of parasites that cannot be removed by himself. Such a relationship is referred to as a "reciprocal relationship."
By utilizing the biological phenomenon that the newly found Shimaisaki cleans, and breeding it by mixing it with fish raised in farms and aquariums, if it is possible to effectively eliminate parasites of cultured fish and ornamental fish without environmental pollution Squeezed.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Shimaisaki belongs to the family Perciforme, Oxalidaceae, and reaches 25 cm in length. It is distributed from central Japan south to Taiwan and the Philippines. It is abundant in the inner bay, coastal shallows and brackish waters of the estuary, and it can be seen in the fishing port until early October, when the total length is about 12-13 cm. Was collected.
[0011]
Cleaning was observed at Shimaisaki in Shioya Fishing Port, Ono-cho, Hiroshima Prefecture. From July to October, an individual with a total length of 6 to 12 cm and an average of 10.3 cm (n = 20) was observed. did. From October, a large number of new settled groups with a total length of about 5 cm were observed, and it was also observed that these individuals were actively cleaned. In other words, cleaning by anniversary Shimasaki is performed in the fishing port.
[0012]
There are 6 species, 16 families and 26 species of fish that inhabit the fishing port. Among them, fish with a total length of 20 cm or more and frequently appearing in the fishing port include black porgy, mullet, menada (mulletaceae), and dace (carp family). 5 types.
So far, six types of red sea bream, black sea bream, black-tailed bream, mullet, menada, and shima saki have been observed as clients gathering for cleaning, and these have been confirmed to pose for cleaning to the cleaner. . Of these, five types of red sea bream, black sea bream, mullet, menada, and shimai saki could be observed while actually cleaning them.
[0013]
The cleaning action generally consists of the client recognizing the cleaner, whereupon the cleaner takes a cleaning request pose characteristic of each client and the cleaner initiates the cleaning.
In the case of red sea bream and black sea bream, if they find a shimasaki while moving, the swimming direction is suddenly changed to the direction where the shimasaki is. There are four characteristic black vertical bands on the body side of the Shimasaki juvenile. Discover and approach Shimaisaki from a distance of 0.5-3m. The black porgy wraps around the nose of Shimaisaki and localizes and shows the front side of his body to Shimaisaki. Next, tilt the head slightly forward, widen the left and right pectoral fins, and wait for Shimaisaki to clean.
[0014]
Shimaisaki usually feeds on benthic organisms that live on the sandy bottom. Until Shimaisaki cleans, the blackfish changes its position each time its direction changes, and continues to request cleaning. In the case of black porcupines, the longest is to wait for about 4 minutes for cleaning, but if that doesn't work, give up and swim away.
[0015]
In the case of Bora and Menada, the behavior is relatively similar, but in some cases the stones are lined on the bottom layer and waited for about 30 minutes until they can be cleaned.
The cleaning basically starts when one shimasaki is cleaned by one client. After a while, other individuals who saw it begin to gather. (Fig. 1)
For porgy, average 15.9 individuals in the range of individuals only 0.49~2.25m full-length 10 to 50 cm ² (mean 1.37 m ²⁾ also gather. This is 5.7 to 30 individuals / m ² (average 13.9 individuals / m ² ), which is about 30 times higher than the normal population density of 0.46 individuals / m ² for black porgy.
[0016]
Using this habit, it is possible to improve the catch. In other words, if you release the Shimasaki to the place where the black porcupies live and you want them to clean, and if you catch the place where the black porgy gathers, you can expect 30 times the harvest.
The place where the cleaning was performed was always formed on the sand mud bottom or concrete bottom at a water depth of 0.4 to 2.7 m (average 0.92 m) along the foraging search path of Shimaisaki.
[0017]
Within the fishing port, there was a difference in ebb and flow, and cleaning was not tidal, and was observed only at high tide and low tide.
When Shimaisaki cleans a client's body surface, he looks carefully into the body surface and peeks at the client's surface with a distinctive pointed mouth. The teeth in the mouth are small enough not to hurt the client. When there is no good bait, I move clients one after another. The frequency of pecking on the body surface of Shimaisaki was 4.9 times / 30 seconds, and seemed to prefer the vicinity of the head, upper tail, and abdomen. In the case of mullet and menada, pecking was observed from the gill lid to the vicinity of the pectoral fin, centering on the head and upper tail.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
By mixing and breeding the Shimaisaki of the present invention with fish reared in a farm or an aquarium, it is possible to effectively eliminate parasites of farmed fish and ornamental fish without environmental pollution, and at the same time, to release Shimasaki. This allows the catch to be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing that Shimaisaki is performing a cleaning action.

Claims (3)

A method for controlling parasites on fish, comprising using a striped squid in an aquaculture facility to control parasites attached to the surface of the fish body. 2. The method for controlling fish parasites according to claim 1, wherein the total length of the shimasaki is 5 to 12 cm. The method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the fish is red sea bream, black porgy, chitinu, mullet, menada or shimaisaki.

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