JP3591714B2 - Transmission - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a transmission that drives at least a shift lever of a shift lever and a select lever by an electric motor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a transmission of this type, the present applicant has applied a solenoid valve to supply and discharge air to a shift cylinder of a mechanical automatic transmission that automatically performs a select shift operation by a select cylinder and a shift cylinder. A patent application has been filed for a transmission cylinder control device provided with variable throttle means that operates in conjunction with the shift cylinder piston on the exhaust passage side of the valve (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 7-332485). In this control device, the variable throttle means has an exhaust passage provided on the cylinder end wall on the side opposite to the push rod of the shift cylinder, and the exhaust passage of the solenoid valve is connected to the exhaust passage. A bearing sleeve is provided on the cylinder end face wall coaxially with the push rod, and a spool coupled to the push rod is slidably inserted into the bearing sleeve. Further, a first small-diameter portion, a large-diameter portion, and a second small-diameter portion that move forward and backward in association with the piston of the shift cylinder are formed on the spool.
[0003]
In the transmission cylinder control device configured as described above, the piston moves quickly when the shift force is small and the influence on the durability is small, that is, until the synchronization of the synchro is started, and thus the shift time is shortened. Can be shortened. On the other hand, when the synchronization of the sync starts, the shift force is large and the durability is greatly affected. The moving speed becomes slow. As a result, the durability of the synchro component can be improved, for example, by preventing damage to the transmission gear.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the transmission cylinder control device disclosed in the above-mentioned conventional Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-332485, the shift cylinder is provided with the exhaust passage and the bearing sleeve, and the bearing sleeve has the first small diameter portion, the large diameter portion, The spool having the second small diameter portion is inserted, the structure of the shift cylinder becomes complicated, and there is a problem that the manufacturing cost of the device is increased.
Further, in the conventional transmission cylinder control device, an air cylinder having a different stroke amount and operating force depending on the type of vehicle must be used as a select cylinder and a shift cylinder, and thus there is a problem of lack of versatility.
[0005]
The purpose of the present invention, a relatively simple construction and and has a versatile and shift speed of the shift lever in the shift motor, by delicately controlling the shift position and shift force, breakage of the gear It is an object of the present invention to provide a transmission that can prevent the occurrence of a transmission.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the invention according to claim 1 is capable of selectively engaging any one of a plurality of fork shafts 12 to 15 of a transmission gear, and A shift lever 16 slidable in the axial direction, a select lever 17 for selectively engaging the shift lever 16 with one of the plurality of fork shafts 12 to 15, and a select electric motor for driving the select lever 17. 18, a shift electric motor 19 composed of a servomotor for driving the shift lever 16, a valve section for supplying and discharging compressed air following an input from the shift electric motor 19, and receiving the compressed air to generate an output. a power shift means 29 assist with the compressed air driving force of the shift lever 16 has a power cylinder unit 29a, provided on the driver's seat driver , An operation detection switch 37 for detecting an operation position of the change lever 36, and a controller 43 for controlling the selection electric motor 18 and the shift electric motor 19 based on the detection output of the operation detection switch 37, respectively. a transmission device provided with and.
[0007]
When the driver operates the change lever 36, the controller 43 controls the select electric motor 18 and the shift electric motor 19 based on the detection output of the operation detection switch 37. That is, first, the controller 43 controls the electric motor 18 for selection to drive the select lever 17 to engage the shift lever 16 with the predetermined fork shafts 12 to 15. Next, the controller 43 controls the shift electric motor 19 to drive the shift lever 16 and slide the fork shafts 12 to 15 in the axial direction to shift the transmission gear. At this time, by using the shift electric motor 19 that can easily control the rotation speed and the torque, the shift speed, the shift position, and the shift force of the shift lever 16 can be finely controlled, so that the transmission gear can be prevented from being damaged. Also, since the power shift means 29 supports the driving force of the shift lever 16 by the shift electric motor 19, a relatively small output motor can be used as the shift electric motor 19, and the shift electric motor 19 can be downsized. You.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a transmission 11 of a vehicle includes a shift lever 16 that can be selectively engaged with any of a plurality of fork shafts 12 to 15 of a transmission gear, and a shift lever 16 that is connected to a plurality of forks. The vehicle includes a select lever 17 selectively engaged with one of the shafts 12 to 15, a select electric motor 18 for driving the select lever 17 , and a shift electric motor 19 for driving the shift lever 16. The plurality of fork shafts 12 to 15 are four in this embodiment, and these fork shafts 12 to 15 are provided at predetermined intervals so as to be parallel to each other and slidable in the axial direction (see FIGS. 2 and 5). 3). Shifter forks 21 (FIG. 3) that are engaged with sleeves (not shown) are fixed to these fork shafts 12 to 15, respectively. The shifter forks 21 are together with the fork shafts 12 to 15 and a transmission gear (not shown). It is housed in the gear case 22. A holding shaft 23 is provided above the fork shafts 12 to 15 so as to be orthogonal to the fork shafts 12 to 15 in a plan view, and the shift lever 16 is spline-fitted to the holding shaft 23 (FIGS. 2 and 3). ). The holding shaft 23 is inserted into the gear case 22 so as to be rotatable about the axis thereof, and the shift lever 16 is housed in the gear case 22 so as to be slidable along the axis of the holding shaft 23 and non-rotatably with respect to the holding shaft 23. Is done.
[0009]
The shift lever 16 has a boss 16a spline-fitted to the holding shaft 23, and a shift projection 16b projecting from the lower end of the boss 16a (FIGS. 2 and 3). The four fork shafts 12 to 15 are provided with a pair of holding pieces 12a to 15a capable of holding the shift projection 16b in a row in the longitudinal direction of the holding shaft 23, and the shift projection 16b is provided with these shift pieces. The shift lever 16 is configured to be selectively engageable with the fork shafts 12 to 15 by being selectively sandwiched between 12a to 15a. A concave groove 16c extending in the circumferential direction is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the boss 16a of the shift lever 16. The number of fork shafts is not limited to four, but may be two, three, or five or more.
[0010]
On the other hand, the select lever 17 is accommodated in the gear case 22, and the center thereof is pivotally connected to the gear case 22 (FIGS. 2 and 3). At the tip of the select lever 17, a spherical select protrusion 17a that is loosely inserted into the concave groove 16c protrudes, and at the base end of the select lever 17, a select long hole 17b extending in the longitudinal direction of the lever 17 (see FIG. 2) is formed. The select electric motor 18 is mounted on the upper surface (outer surface) of the gear case 22 and its output shaft (not shown) is connected to the select lever 17 via a select reducer 24 (FIGS. 1 and 2). The select reducer 24 includes a worm (not shown) fitted on an output shaft (not shown) of the select electric motor 18, and a worm wheel (see FIG. 2) meshed with the worm and fitted on a wheel shaft 24 a. (Not shown). The wheel shaft 24a is inserted into the gear case 22, and the base end of the selecting arm 26 is fixed to the lower end thereof (FIG. 2). A select pin 27 projects downward from the distal end of the select arm 26, and the lower end of the select pin 27 is loosely inserted into the select long hole 17 b of the select lever 17.
[0011]
The shift electric motor 19 is mounted on a side surface (outer surface) of the gear case 22, and its output shaft (not shown) is connected to the shift lever 16 via a shift speed reducer 28 and power shift means 29 (FIGS. 1 to 1). (Fig. 3). The shift reducer 28 includes a worm (not shown) fitted to an output shaft (not shown) of the shift electric motor 19, and a worm wheel (see FIG. 4) meshed with the worm and fitted to a wheel shaft 28a. (Not shown) (FIG. 2). A base end of a shift arm 31 is fixed to a lower end of the wheel shaft 28a, and a shift pin 32 projects downward from a tip end of the shift arm 31. Note that it is preferable to use a servomotor whose rotation speed, rotation angle, and torque can be easily controlled as the selection electric motor 18 and the shift electric motor 19. Further, in this embodiment, the worm gear is used as the select reducer and the shift reducer, but a gear mechanism combining a pinion and a rack, a reducer such as a ball screw mechanism, or a linear motion is used. It constitutes a combination of a mechanism for converting the rotation movement but it may also.
[0012]
As shown in detail in FIG. 4, the power shift means 29 includes a valve section (not shown) for supplying and discharging compressed air following an input, a power cylinder section 29a for receiving the compressed air and generating an output, and A shifter rod 29c for transmitting the output generated by the power cylinder unit 29a to the striker 29b. The striker 29b is connected to the holding shaft 23 via a substantially L-shaped shift bracket 33, and the base end of a shift stay 34 is fitted to the tip of the shifter rod 29c. A long shift hole 34a extending in the width direction of the gear case 22 is formed at the tip of the shift stay 34, and the lower end of the shift pin 32 is loosely inserted into the long shift hole 34a. The above-described power shift means 29 is configured to assist the driving force of the shift lever 16 by the shift electric motor 19 by using compressed air. Reference numeral 35 in FIG. 1 denotes an air tank connected to the power shift unit 29, and compressed air supplied to the power shift unit 29 is stored in the air tank 35.
[0013]
Returning to FIG. 1, a change lever 36 operated by the driver is provided in the driver's seat, and an operation detection switch 37 for detecting the operation position of the lever 36 is provided near the change lever 36. Further, the vehicle is provided with a vehicle speed sensor 38 for detecting a vehicle speed, an accelerator sensor 39 for detecting an amount of depression of an accelerator pedal (accelerator opening), and an engine rotation sensor 41 for detecting a rotation speed of the engine. Further, the gear case 22 is provided with a shift position sensor 42 for detecting a shift position. Each detection output of the operation detection switch 37, the vehicle speed sensor 38, the accelerator sensor 39, the engine rotation sensor 41, and the shift position sensor 42 is connected to the control input of the controller 43, and the control output of the controller 43 is the selection electric motor 18 and the shift Each is connected to the electric motor 19.
[0014]
The operation of the thus configured transmission 11 will be described.
When the driver operates the change lever 36 during driving of the vehicle, the operation detection switch 37 detects the operation of the lever 36. Therefore, the controller 43 controls the operation detection switch 37, the vehicle speed sensor 38, the accelerator sensor 39, and the engine rotation sensor 41. First, the selection electric motor 18 is operated based on each detection output of the shift position sensor 42. When the select electric motor 18 is operated, the torque of the motor 18 is transmitted to the select lever 17 via the select reducer 24, the wheel shaft 24a, the select arm 26 and the select pin 27 , and the select lever 17 is shifted. The lever 16 is slid along the holding shaft 23 to engage a predetermined fork shaft, for example, a pair of holding pieces 14 a of the fork shaft 14. Next, the controller 43 operates the shift electric motor 19. When the shift electric motor 19 operates, the rotational motion of the shift electric motor 19 is transmitted to the power shift unit 29 via the shift reducer 28, the wheel shaft 28a, the shift arm 31 , the shift pin 32, and the shift stay 34 . The shifter rod 29c is converted into a linear motion, and the shifter rod 29c rotates the shift lever 16 in a predetermined direction via the striker 29b, the shift bracket 33, and the holding shaft 23 with the assistance of the power shift unit 29. As a result, the fork shaft 14 engaged with the shift projection 16b slides in the axial direction, so that the transmission gear is shifted.
[0015]
As described above, the shift speed, the shift position, and the shift force of the shift lever 16 can be finely controlled by using the shift electric motor 19 that can easily control the rotation speed, the rotation angle, and the torque. Can be prevented. In addition, since the power shift means 29 supports the driving force of the shift lever 16 by the shift electric motor 19, a motor having a relatively small output can be used as the shift electric motor 19, whereby the shift electric motor 19 can be reduced in size. Can be Further, the select lever 17 used for the manual transmission is driven by the select electric motor 18 via the select reducer 24, and the shift lever 16 used for the manual transmission is shifted by the shift electric motor 19 to the shift reducer 28. Since the drive is performed via the power shift means 29 used in the manual transmission, many parts for the manual transmission can be used, and the transmission 11 can be manufactured at low cost.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the select lever selectively engages the shift lever with one of the plurality of fork shafts, and the select lever and the shift lever are moved by the select electric motor and the shift electric motor. Since the power shift means is configured to support the driving force of the shift lever by the shift electric motor including the servo motor, the controller is configured to detect the operation position of the change lever based on the detection output of the operation detection switch. Controls the select electric motor to drive the select lever, engages the shift lever with a predetermined fork shaft, and then controls the shift electric motor to drive the shift lever so that the fork shaft moves in the axial direction. Slide to shift the transmission gear. As a result, the shift speed, the shift position, and the shift force of the shift lever can be finely controlled by the shift electric motor that can easily control the rotation speed, the rotation angle, and the torque, so that damage to the transmission gear can be prevented. Further, since the power shift means supports the driving force of the shift lever by the shift electric motor, a relatively low output motor can be used as the shift electric motor, and the shift electric motor can be downsized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an essential part perspective view of the transmission including a fork shaft, a select lever, and a shift lever.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3;
[Explanation of symbols]
11 transmission 12-15 fork shaft 16 shift lever
17 Select lever 18 Select electric motor 19 Shift electric motor 22 Gear case 24 Select reducer 28 Shift reducer 29 Power shift means 35 Air tank (compressed air source)
36 change lever 37 operation detecting switch 43 controllers

Claims (1)

A shift lever (16) selectively engageable with any of the plurality of fork shafts (12-15) of the transmission gear and capable of sliding the engaged fork shafts (12-15) in the axial direction thereof. When,
A select lever (17) for selectively engaging the shift lever (16) with one of the plurality of fork shafts (12 to 15);
A select electric motor (18) for driving the select lever (17),
A shift electric motor (19) composed of a servomotor that drives the shift lever (16),
The drive of the shift lever (16) includes a valve section that supplies and discharges compressed air following an input from the shift electric motor (19) and a power cylinder section (29a) that receives the compressed air and generates an output. Power shift means (29) for supporting the force using compressed air,
A change lever (36) provided in the driver's seat and operated by the driver,
An operation detection switch (37) for detecting an operation position of the change lever (36),
A transmission device comprising: a controller (43) that controls the select electric motor (18) and the shift electric motor (19) based on a detection output of the operation detection switch (37).

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