JP3591613B2 - Processing method of crankshaft - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for processing a crankshaft used for an engine or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a crankshaft of an engine mounted on an automobile or the like uses a crankshaft mirror to process pins and journals.
[0003]
As a crankshaft mirror for processing a crankshaft, for example, one described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-297221 is known.
In the crankshaft mirror disclosed in the above publication, the same location of the work is machined in, for example, six times using a narrow cutter, so that it is possible to machine even works having different pin widths and journal widths. I have.
[0004]
On the other hand, when processing a pin or a journal of a work with a conventional crankshaft mirror, positioning in the rotational direction of the work (phase positioning) is performed.
[0005]
For the phase positioning of the work, the reference weight for the phase positioning is usually machined in advance on the counter weight located at one end of the work, and the work is carried into the crankshaft mirror and before the both ends are clamped by the chuck. The phase of the workpiece is positioned by bringing the reference seat of the workpiece into contact with the phase claw on the chuck side.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, with a conventional crankshaft mirror, when processing a journal located at the end of the work on the reference seat side, the phase claw abutting on the reference seat interferes with the cutter, so that this journal cannot be processed.
[0007]
For this reason, in the past, this part of the journal had to be processed in another process using another machine such as a lathe, so the number of processes increased and productivity was poor, and equipment such as a lathe was separately installed. Since it is necessary, there is a problem such as an increase in equipment cost.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to improve the above-described conventional problems, and has as its object to provide a method of processing a crankshaft in which a single crankshaft mirror can process all pins and journals of a work. Things.
[0008]
Means for Solving the Problems and Functions and Effects
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the center 4a of each chuck 4 is fitted and supported in the center holes 3c at both ends of the work 3 to be machined , and the pulley shaft 3f at one end of the work 3 is connected to one chuck. 4 and the flange 3g on the other end side of the work 3 is clamped by the claw body 4c of the other chuck 4 and the journal 3a and the pin 3b of the work 3 are rotated by a rotating cutter 5e in a plurality of steps. In the method of processing a crankshaft that is cut by
One of the chuck 4 above, provided the phase claw 4b of performing contact with the phase positioning of the workpiece 3 in the reference seat 3e of the other end of the counterweight 3d than the first journal J ₁ of near one end of the workpiece 3, this one of the chuck 4, a configuration capable of clamping the pulley shaft 3f in claw 4c when the phase claw 4b has moved position to where it does not interfere with the cutter 5e cutting a first journal J _1,
The center 4a of each chuck 4 is fitted and supported in the center holes 3c at both ends of the work 3, and after the phase of the work 3 is positioned by the phase claw 4b of the one chuck 4, the pulley shaft 3f and the flange 3g of the work 3 are positioned. were respectively clamped pawl 4c, the cutter 5e then be rotated together with the machining journals 3a and pin 3b of the workpiece 3 in a plurality of steps, of all the journal 3a and pin 3b excluding the first journal J ₁ cutting When processing is complete, unclamp the pawl member 4c of one of the chuck 4 having a phase claw 4b, the subsequent one of the chuck 4, the phase claw 4b does not interfere with the cutter 5e for cutting the first journal J ₁ is retracted to a position, after clamping again pulley shaft 3f of the workpiece 3 with the claw 4c at that position, a first upper journal J ₁ Is a processing method of a crank shaft, characterized in that the cutting by the cutter 5e rotating.
[0009]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the centers 4a of the chucks 4 are fitted and supported in the center holes 3c at both ends of the work 3 to be machined , and the pulley shaft 3f at one end of the work 3 is connected to one side. Clamping is performed by the claw body 4c of the chuck 4, the flange 3g on the other end of the work 3 is clamped by the claw body 4c of the other chuck 4, and a plurality of journals 3a and pins 3b of the work 3 are rotated by the rotating cutter 5e. In the machining method of the crankshaft which is cut in the process,
One of the chuck 4 above, provided the phase claw 4b of performing contact with the phase positioning of the workpiece 3 in the reference seat 3e of the other end of the counterweight 3d than the first journal J ₁ of near one end of the workpiece 3, this one of the chuck 4, a configuration capable of clamping the pulley shaft 3f in claw 4c when the phase claw 4b has moved position to where it does not interfere with the cutter 5e cutting a first journal J _1,
The center 4a of the respective chuck 4 and fitted supporting the center hole 3c at both ends of the workpiece 3, one of the chuck 4 above, the phase claw 4b is cutting a first journal J ₁ of the work 3 cutter clamping the pulley shaft 3f of the workpiece 3 with the claw 4c at a position where it does not interfere with 5e, and a flange 3g of the workpiece 3 by cutting the clamped first journal J ₁ and by pawl 4c of the other chuck 4, then The claws 4c of both chucks 4 are unclamped, and then one of the chucks 4 having the phase claw 4b is advanced, and the phase claw 4b is brought into contact with the reference seat 3e of the counter weight 3d to position the work 3 in phase. After that, the pulley shaft 3f and the flange 3g of the work 3 are clamped again by the claws 4c of both chucks 4, and the remaining journals 3a and the pins 3b are plurally formed. Is a processing method of a crank shaft, characterized in that the cutting in extent.
[0011]
Since all the journals and pins can be cut with one crankshaft mirror by the method according to the first and second aspects, it is necessary to process the first journal in another process using another machine as in the related art. There is no.
As a result, the number of steps is reduced, so that productivity is improved, and a dedicated machine for processing the first journal is not required, so that equipment costs can be reduced.
[0012]
In addition, since all journals and pins can be machined on the same line, line automation and unmanned operation are possible, and by using a multi-blade cutter with multiple tips, a single-blade cutter can be used. Since the tool replacement time can be made longer than in the case of machining, it is possible to improve the operation rate of the machine and thereby the productivity.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a crankshaft mirror for carrying out a method for processing a crankshaft according to the present invention. Two work heads 2 are provided on a bed 1 so as to be movable in the directions of contact and separation.
On opposite surfaces of the work heads 2, chucks 4 for fixing both ends of the work 3 for processing the journal 3 a and the pin 3 b are provided.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the chuck 4 has a center 4a for supporting center holes 3c pre-processed on both end surfaces of the work 3 and a counterweight 3d positioned at one end of the work 3 in advance. The phase claw 4b for abutting the set reference position 3e for phase positioning to position the work 3 is clamped, the pulley shaft 3f provided at one end of the work 3 and the flange 3g provided at the other end are clamped. The chuck 4 fixes the both ends of the work 3 with these chucks 4.
[0016]
On the other hand, on the bed 1 between the work heads 2, a cutter unit 5 and a work rest 6 are provided so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the bed 1, respectively.
The cutter unit 5 has a saddle 5a screwed to a ball screw shaft 8 rotated by a drive motor 7 provided on one end side of the bed 1, and is orthogonal to the moving direction of the saddle 5a on the saddle 5a. A slide 5b that is movable in the direction is provided.
[0017]
The slide 5b is provided with a swing arm 5c which is vertically swung by a swing mechanism (not shown). The swing arm 5c is rotated by a large number of chips 5d provided on the inner peripheral surface. A cutter 5e for cutting the work 3 is provided.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 4, the work rest 6 has a pair of rest arms 6c which can be opened and closed about a support shaft 6b by an arm cylinder 9 above a saddle 6a which is moved on the bed 1 by a driving means (not shown). A rest holder 6d that supports the journal 3a of the work 3 from above and below is provided on a surface facing the rest arm 6c.
[0019]
Further, the open / close end side of each rest arm 6c is vertically clamped by a lock plate 10a of a lock mechanism 10 provided on the saddle 6a, so that each rest arm 6c is not opened while the work 3 is being processed. .
[0020]
Next, a method of processing a crankshaft using the crankshaft mirror will be described with reference to FIGS.
This processing method is applied to a work 3 in which the claw body 4c does not come off from the pulley shaft 3f even when the pulley shaft 3f of the work 3 is long and the chuck 4 on the pulley shaft 3f side is retracted. It is.
[0021]
When the work 3 is carried into the crankshaft mirror, the centers 4a provided in the chucks 4 are fitted into the center holes 3c at both ends of the work 3, and the work 3 is supported by the centers 4a as shown in FIG. Further, in this state, the reference seat 3e formed in advance on the counterweight 3d of the work 3 is brought into contact with the phase claw 4b provided on the chuck 4 on the pulley shaft 3f side, and the work 3 is positioned in phase. .
[0022]
When the phase positioning of the work 3 is completed, the portions of the pulley shaft 3f and the flange 3g indicated by the arrows in FIG. 5 are clamped by the claws 4c of the chucks 4, and the work 3 is fixed.
The fifth journal J ₅ to first position the flange 3g side in the first step shown in FIG. 5 is machined by the cutter 5e.
When processing of the fifth journal J ₅ is completed, the cutter 5e fourth pin P _4, and the workpiece rest 6 is moved already to the fifth journal J ₅ have completed processing, the workpiece rest 6 fifth journal J ₅ is supported.
The fourth pin P ₄ is machined by the cutter 5e in the second step.
[0023]
Next, in the third step, the fifth journal J ₅ fourth journal J ₄ in supported state with the workpiece rest 6 is machined, the cutter 5e into the third pin P _3, and the work rest 6 first in three steps are moved to the fourth journal J ₄ has completed processing, supporting a fourth journal J _4.
The third pin P ₃ is machined by the cutter 5e in the fourth step.
[0024]
By repeating the above operation below, a third journal J ₃ in the fifth step, the second pin P ₂ is in the sixth step, the second journal J ₂ is in the seventh step, the first pin P ₁ is in the eighth step Processed sequentially.
And although cutting a first journal J ₁ in the ninth step, in contact with the phase claw 4b can not process the first journal J ₁ interferes with the cutter 5e based seat 3e formed in this case counterweight 3d .
[0025]
Therefore, in the ninth step, first, the chuck 4 clamping the pulley shaft 3f is unclamped, and in this state, the unclamped work head 2 on the chuck 4 side is retracted.
At this time, since the workpiece 3 being processed has a long pulley shaft 3f in advance, the claw body 4c does not come off the pulley shaft 3f even if the chuck 4 is retracted.
The retraction of the work head 2, when retracted to a position where the phase claw 4b does not interfere with the cutter 5e of processing the first journal J _1, and a work head 2 is stopped at that position, clamps the pulley shaft 3f by the chuck 4 again to start cutting of the first journal _{J 1} by the cutter 5e.
[0026]
When the processing of all the journals 3a and the pins 3b is completed by the above-described steps, the chuck 4 is unclamped, the completed work 3 is unloaded, the next work 3 is loaded, and the above steps are repeated. Thus, all the journals 3a and the pins 3b can be processed by one crankshaft mirror.
[0027]
Note in the above embodiment has been configured to process the first journal J ₁ in the ninth step, it may be performed the above steps after processing the first journal J ₁ in the first step.
That is, as the workpiece 3 is loaded, clamped at both ends of the workpiece 3 at a position retracts the pulley shaft 3f side chuck 4 without phase positioning is first processed first journal J ₁ in the first step.
[0028]
Next After machining of the first journal J ₁ is completed, to advance the pulley shaft 3f side chuck 4 while unclamping the two ends of the workpiece 3 performs phase positioning of the workpiece 3 by the phase claw 4b.
Again clamping the workpiece 3 After phase positioning is completed, it starts the processing from the fifth journal J ₅ as in the above embodiment.
And by performing the processing of the first pin P ₁ in the final ninth step, it is possible to process all journal 3a and pin 3b.
[0035]
When the journal 3a and the pin 3b of the work 3 have different R shapes and widths, each journal 3a and the pin 3b may be machined in a plurality of times by using a narrow cutter 5e. In this case, it is of course possible to perform the processing once with a cutter having a general shape.
Further, in a crankshaft mirror having two cutter units 5, for example, a cutter 5e for rough machining is attached to the cutter unit 5 on the left side, and a cutter 5e for finishing is attached to the cutter unit 5 on the right side. By processing, semi-finishing can be omitted.
[0036]
Referring to FIG. 7 , an example will be described. First, the side surfaces a and b of the counterweight 3c on both sides of the pin 3b are processed, and then the outer peripheral surfaces c and d of the pin 3a are processed in two steps.
Next, after e and f of the counterweight 3c are chamfered, the outer peripheral surface g of the counterweight 3c of the journal 3a adjacent to the pin 3b is machined.
Thereafter, similarly to the pin 3a, first, the side surfaces h and i of the counterweight 3c, the outer peripheral surfaces j and k of the journal 3a, and m and n of the counterweight 3c are sequentially chamfered, and then the outer peripheral surface o of the counterweight 3c is machined.
[0037]
Hereinafter, the above processing order is repeated to process all the journals 3a and the pins 3b. FIG. 8 shows a process for processing a crankshaft used in a six-cylinder engine according to the processing order.
[0038]
In the above-described embodiment, the cutter unit 5 and the work rest 6 are moved by different driving means. However, a detachable connecting means is provided between the cutter unit 5 and the work rest 6, and the cutter unit 5 is moved. Of course, the drive means may move the work rest 6.
[0039]
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the work 3 is fixed between the chucks 4 and the respective journals 3a and the pins 3b are cut is described, but the crank for cutting the journal 3a and the pins 3b while rotating the work 3 is described. The present invention can also be applied to a shaft mirror or a crankshaft mirror for cutting the work 3 by a cutter 5e provided with a large number of chips 5d on the outer peripheral surface.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view in which a part of a crankshaft mirror for implementing a method of the present invention is omitted.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing the vicinity of a chuck of a crankshaft mirror for implementing the method of the present invention.
FIG. 3A is a view as seen from the X direction in FIG. 2;
(B) It is sectional drawing which follows the YY line of (a) of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a front view of a work rest provided on a crankshaft mirror for implementing the method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the method of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Work, 3a journal, 3b pin, 4ch chuck, 4b phase claw, 4c claw body, 4d phase reference pin, 5e cutter, J ₁ ... first journal.

Claims (2)

The centers 4a of the chucks 4 are fitted and supported in the center holes 3c at both ends of the work 3 to be processed, and the pulley shaft 3f at one end of the work 3 is clamped by the claw body 4c of one of the chucks 4. A crankshaft for clamping the flange 3g on the other end side of the work 3 with the claw body 4c of the other chuck 4 and cutting the journal 3a and the pin 3b of the work 3 in a plurality of steps with the rotating cutter 5e. In the method,
One of the chuck 4 above, provided the phase claw 4b of performing contact with the phase positioning of the workpiece 3 in the reference seat 3e of the other end of the counterweight 3d than the first journal J ₁ of near one end of the workpiece 3, this one of the chuck 4, a configuration capable of clamping the pulley shaft 3f in claw 4c when the phase claw 4b has moved position to where it does not interfere with the cutter 5e cutting a first journal J _1,
The center 4a of each chuck 4 is fitted and supported in the center holes 3c at both ends of the work 3, and after the phase of the work 3 is positioned by the phase claw 4b of the one chuck 4, the pulley shaft 3f and the flange 3g of the work 3 are positioned. were respectively clamped pawl 4c, the cutter 5e then be rotated together with the machining journals 3a and pin 3b of the workpiece 3 in a plurality of steps, of all the journal 3a and pin 3b excluding the first journal J ₁ cutting When processing is complete, unclamp the pawl member 4c of one of the chuck 4 having a phase claw 4b, the subsequent one of the chuck 4, the phase claw 4b does not interfere with the cutter 5e for cutting the first journal J ₁ is retracted to a position, after clamping again pulley shaft 3f of the workpiece 3 with the claw 4c at that position, a first upper journal J ₁ Machining method of a crankshaft, characterized in that the cutting by the cutter 5e rotating. The centers 4a of the chucks 4 are fitted and supported in the center holes 3c at both ends of the work 3 to be processed, and the pulley shaft 3f at one end of the work 3 is clamped by the claw body 4c of one of the chucks 4. A crankshaft for clamping the flange 3g on the other end side of the work 3 with the claw body 4c of the other chuck 4 and cutting the journal 3a and the pin 3b of the work 3 in a plurality of steps with the rotating cutter 5e. In the method,
One of the chuck 4 above, provided the phase claw 4b of performing contact with the phase positioning of the workpiece 3 in the reference seat 3e of the other end of the counterweight 3d than the first journal J ₁ of near one end of the workpiece 3, this one of the chuck 4, a configuration capable of clamping the pulley shaft 3f in claw 4c when the phase claw 4b has moved position to where it does not interfere with the cutter 5e cutting a first journal J _1,
The center 4a of the respective chuck 4 and fitted supporting the center hole 3c at both ends of the workpiece 3, one of the chuck 4 above, the phase claw 4b is cutting a first journal J ₁ of the work 3 cutter clamping the pulley shaft 3f of the workpiece 3 with the claw 4c at a position where it does not interfere with 5e, and a flange 3g of the workpiece 3 by cutting the clamped first journal J ₁ and by pawl 4c of the other chuck 4, then The claws 4c of both chucks 4 are unclamped, and then one of the chucks 4 having the phase claw 4b is advanced, and the phase claw 4b is brought into contact with the reference seat 3e of the counter weight 3d to position the work 3 in phase. Then, the pulley shaft 3f and the flange 3g of the work 3 are clamped again by the claws 4c of both the chucks 4, and the remaining journals 3a and the pins 3b are plurally formed. Machining method of a crankshaft, characterized in that the cutting in extent.

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