JP3589249B2 - Color image forming equipment - Google Patents

Color image forming equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3589249B2
JP3589249B2 JP11496995A JP11496995A JP3589249B2 JP 3589249 B2 JP3589249 B2 JP 3589249B2 JP 11496995 A JP11496995 A JP 11496995A JP 11496995 A JP11496995 A JP 11496995A JP 3589249 B2 JP3589249 B2 JP 3589249B2
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toner
image
photosensitive drums
intermediate transfer
transfer medium
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JPH08305115A (en
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友衛 有賀
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Seiko Epson Corp
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Seiko Epson Corp
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  • Electrophotography Configuration And Component (AREA)
  • Color Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Color, Gradation (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Printer (AREA)
  • Mechanical Optical Scanning Systems (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明はプリンターやファクシミリ等のシート材にカラー画像形成を行なうカラー画像形成装置の構成に関するものであり、より詳しくはその機構構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来のカラー画像形成装置の代表的な例は特公平4−51829号公報または特開昭63−9361号公報に示された如きの構造が一般的に知られており、特公平4−51829号公報に於ては、各色成分に対応する複数のレーザビームを回転多面鏡で第1偏向方向及び第2偏向方向の反対方向に区分けして偏向走査して複数の感光体に潜像を形成し、第1画像情報及び第2画像情報を各走査に於ける出力順序を互いに逆に変換して出力する構成であり、画像情報の変換手段や偏向走査されたレーザビームを感光体に導く為に複数の反射ミラーを要し、更には、回転多面鏡の異なった反射面によって複数のレーザビームを第1偏向方向及び第2偏向方向の反対方向に区分けして偏向走査するので、反射面の平行精度が悪いと相対的な平行差が副走査方向の相対差となって現れて色ずれが生じた画質抵下をまねくので、高精度な回転多面鏡を要し、構造が複雑であるばかりでなく高価なものであった。
【0003】
また、温度等の環境変化によって、回転多面鏡,複数の反射ミラー,複数の感光体の相対位置に変化が生じると、複数の感光体の像を順次記録シートに転写した時に、特に副走査方向の相対的なずれとなって現れて色ずれが生じた画質抵下をまねくものであった。
【0004】
一方、特開昭63−9361号公報に於ては、上記課題の前者に関して解決を図ろうとしてはいるものの、後者に関しては課題がそのまま残るばかりでなく、レーザビームが回転多面鏡の反射面から各々の感光体に到達する光路長が異なると、走査幅が異なるので、画像信号の形成は各々のレーザ光源に対応した個別のデータクロック周波数に基づいて変調形成する必要があり、画像信号の形成が複雑で高価なものであった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上前述した様に従来の技術では、温度等の環境変化によって副走査方向の相対的なずれから色ずれが生じて画質が抵下するばかりでなく、機構構造や画像信号の形成が複雑で,また、特別に高精度に構成した回転多面鏡を要したりして高価なカラー画像形成装置であった。
【0006】
そこで、本発明は上記の様な課題を解決するもので、その目的とするところは、副走査方向の相対的なずれ、即ち、色ずれが生じた画質抵下を防止するための特別な構成を必要としないで、また、特別に高精度な回転多面鏡を必要とせず、更には画像信号の形成にも特別な構成を必要としないで、画像のずれ、即ち色ずれを抑制した画像形成が可能であるとともに、低価格かつ、高速な画像形成を可能にするカラー画像形成装置を提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そのために本発明は、露光手段より複数の感光体のそれぞれに異なる画像信号により変調されたレーザビームを偏向走査して露光し形成された潜像にトナー像を現像手段により現像するカラー画像形成装置において、前記露光手段は、それぞれ異なる画像信号により変調されたレーザビームを射出する複数のレーザ光源と前記複数のレーザ光源から射出されるそれぞれのレーザビームを共通位置の反射面で異なる方向に反射して偏向走査する1つの回転多面鏡とを有し、前記複数の感光体は、前記回転多面鏡の共通位置の反射面から光路長が略同一となる円弧上位置に配置すると共に、前記複数の感光体の軸方向と略平行な位置を前記露光手段の固定位置とすることを特徴とする。
【0010】
【実施例】
以下、図1〜図8を用いて本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0011】
図1〜図4は本発明のカラー画像形成装置の適切な一実施例を示し、図5,図6は本発明の可撓性無端スリーブ材の適切な一実施例を示し、図7は本発明の可撓性無端スリーブ材駆動装置の適切な一実施例を示し、図8は本発明の可撓性無端スリーブ材の適切な一形成例を示す。
【0012】
図1は本発明のカラー画像形成装置の全容を示す断面図であり、図2は本発明のカラー画像形成装置の現像部の一部を拡大図示する現像要部断面図である。
【0013】
図3は本発明のカラー画像形成装置の露光器の要部を一部断面図示する露光器要部一部断面図である。
【0014】
図4は本発明のカラー画像形成装置の感光体の配置関係を説明する感光体配置説明図である。
【0015】
まず、図1及び図2に基づいて他の図も引用しながら本実施例のカラー画像形成装置の画像形成部から説明する。
【0016】
本実施例の画像形成部の主要部は、図1に示す如く略中央部に縦方向に隣接配置した複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kと、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに対応して各々複数の帯電ローラ2Y,2M,2C,2Kと感光ドラムクリーナ3Y,3M,3C,3K及び現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kによって構成されている。
【0017】
現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kについては、上部の現像部2セットの10Y,10Mと下部の2セットの現像部10C,10Kは同様な構成であるが、図示の都合上から下部の2セットの現像部10C,10Kは一部を図示省略している。
【0018】
図1と図2を参照して画像形成プロセス順に説明すると、本実施例における帯電ローラ2Y,2M,2C,2Kは、例えばゴム等の半導電性の弾性体で形成され、図中矢印方向に回転する感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに各々従動しながらDC(−)2kv以下程度のバイアスを印加すると、感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kを各々(−)600V〜(−)700Vの帯電電位に帯電させる事が出来る構成である。
【0019】
尚、帯電ローラ2Y,2M,2C,2Kは図示省略したスプリング等によって構成された押圧機構によって各々感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに向かって押圧支持され、略々1kgの総圧力で感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに圧接している。
【0020】
次に、後で詳述する縦方向に隣接配置した感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに対して略横方向に対向配置した露光器40から各々異なる画像信号が共通のデータクロック周波数に基づいて変調形成されて射出される光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kから入射する光ビームによって、感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kは各々像露光されて潜像を形成し、この像露光部の電位は各々(−)10V〜(−)150Vになる。
【0021】
次に、感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに対応した現像部10Y,10M,10C,10K関係について図2に基づいて説明するが、図2では感光ドラム1Y及び現像部10Y関係を代表図示していて他の感光ドラム及び現像部関係を省略していて、説明を簡略化する為に各部の符号に関してY,M,C,Kを省略して図示説明するが、各々Y,M,C,K部位に適用されるものである。
【0022】
図2の現像部10では、例えば発泡ゴム等の半導電性の弾性体で形成されて、図中矢印方向に回転する供給ローラ13は、上記の帯電電位と同極性に帯電可能なトナーを貯蔵する貯蔵部11内のトナーをその表面にコーティングして回転し、帯電ブレード15と摺擦してコーティングしたトナーを(−)極性に摩擦帯電させるとともに、現像ローラ12の表面にトナーをコーティングさせる。
【0023】
ここで、供給ローラ13にはトナーを(−)極性に摩擦帯電させる為に積極的なバイアス印加は無くても良いが、DC(−)200V〜(−)400V程度のバイアスを印加すると、トナーの(−)極性帯電が促進される。
【0024】
そして、現像ローラ12の表面にコーティングされずに残ったトナーは掻き取りブレード16によって掻き取られ、供給ローラ13はリフレッシュされて再び上記サイクルの繰り返しを可能にされる。
【0025】
一方、掻き取りブレード16によって掻き取られたトナーは、供給ローラ13の回転作用によって通路17bから再び貯蔵部11内に戻されて上記サイクルの繰り返しを可能にされる。
【0026】
次に、図中矢印方向に回転する例えばゴム材等の半導電性の弾性体で形成された現像ローラ12の表面にコーティングされたトナーは、図示省略した構造によって現像ローラ12の外周に略々1Kgの総圧力でほぼ軸方向全域にわたって当接していてコーティングされたトナーを所定の厚さのコーティング層に規制するための規制部材14と摺擦する事によって、略々10μm程度の薄層化されたトナー層に規制されるとともに、より一層均一な(−)極性に摩擦帯電する。
【0027】
尚、現像ローラ12にはDC(−)200V〜(−)400V程度のバイアスが印加されていて、薄層化したトナー層は、感光ドラム1へと搬送されて現像ローラ12と感光ドラム1が圧接して構成するニップ部及びこの近傍で感光ドラム1の像露光部に反転現像される。
【0028】
次に、感光ドラム1の像露光部に反転現像されたトナー像は、後で詳述する図1の1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで転写されるが、転写残りのトナーは感光ドラム1に圧接しているクリーニングブレード92によって掻き落され、図示省略した所定の空間内に貯蔵される。
【0029】
尚、クリーニングされた感光ドラム1は上述した帯電ローラ2の作用によって(−)600V〜(−)700Vの帯電電位に帯電させて再び次の画像形成プロセスへ移行が可能であり、クリーニング後、感光ドラム1に残留した電位を図示省略した光照射等により除電すれば、感光ドラム1の表面電位をより一層初期状態に近づけることができる。
【0030】
ここでトナーの扱いに関して説明する。
【0031】
まず、貯蔵部11内のトナーは上述の画像形成プロセスに支障のない必要最小限の貯蔵量にとどめて、貯蔵部11の空間スペースを縮小している。
【0032】
そして、上記の現像にともなって減少するトナーは、貯蔵部11の空間内を後で詳述するトナーを移送するトナー搬送部30から落下補給される構成にしてある。
【0033】
そして、上記トナー搬送部30には、後で詳細図示説明するがエンドレスのコイルスプリング31を含むトナー搬送手段によってトナーを搬送する機構を備えてあり、トナー搬送部30は、後で詳述する構造によってトナーを循環搬送する構造に構成してある。
【0034】
次に、トナーの循環搬送機能に関して説明する。
【0035】
上述の現像にともなって消費される貯蔵部11内のトナーを補う為に、後で詳述するが上記のトナーを循環させる搬送経路中に自重落下するトナー補給手段を配置していて、減少した分のトナーを補給して循環搬送し、トナー搬送部30から貯蔵部11に落下補給される構成にしてある。
【0036】
ここで、図2を参照してトナー補給手段及びトナーを循環搬送するトナー搬送手段について説明する。
【0037】
供給ローラ13及び現像ローラ12の上部で軸方向にその一部が延在して張架され、現像器ケース17に収容されてトナーを循環搬送するエンドレスのコイルスプリング31に対して、トナータンク20は、現像器ケース17に着脱操作自在(着脱機構は図示説明詳細割愛)に構成され、その内部には所定量のトナーを封入していて、トナー封入状態で装着してトナー補給し、このトナーが消費されると新たなトナータンク20と交換する構成にしてある。
【0038】
トナータンク20の主要部は、図中下方に底部を有する筒状に形成されたタンクケース21と、この上方に固着されてトナーを密封するカバー22と、タンクケース21とカバー22によってトナーとともに密封されて回転可能なトナーを攪拌する複数の羽根部23bを有するアジテータ23とから構成されていて、トナーを循環搬送するエンドレスのコイルスプリング31を現像器ケース17に収容した状態に対して着脱操作自在(着脱機構は図示説明詳細割愛)である。
【0039】
トナータンク20の装着位置に関しては、露光器40から各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに向けて照射される光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kの外側、即ち、図1に於て、各々の現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kに対して、現像部10Yに対するトナータンク20Yの装着は図中光路49Yの前方側に,現像部10Mに対するトナータンク20Mの装着は図中光路49Mの後方側に,現像部10Cに対するトナータンク20Cの装着は図中光路49Yの前方側に,現像部10Kに対するトナータンク20Kの装着は図中光路49Kの後方側に各々装着(図中トナータンク20M及びトナータンク20Kは図示省略)する所謂千鳥配置を行って、互いの干渉を避けた有効な空間配置をしてある。
【0040】
なお、本実施例のカラー画像形成装置では、各々のトナータンク20Y,20M,20C,20Kに対して各々イエロー,マゼンタ,シアン,ブラックのカラートナーが収容されていて、各々の現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kは、このカラートナーに対応したイエロー,マゼンタ,シアン,ブラックのカラー現像が行われる構成である。
【0041】
一方、上記トナーを循環搬送するエンドレスのコイルスプリング31を駆動する為に、駆動手段25が配置されており、その一部に突端がクサビ状に形成されていて回転可能な凸部25aが現像器ケース17から突出していて、上記トナータンク20を所定の位置に装着すると、このクサビ状に形成された回転可能な凸部25aと一方のアジテータ23の一端に形成した凹部23cが係合して回転駆動される。
【0042】
そして、上記トナーを循環搬送するエンドレスのコイルスプリング31の駆動手段25としては、コイルスプリング31に係合可能な回転体なら駆動可能であるが、本実施例ではコイルスプリング31の張架された状態のリード角に近似する捻れ角を有するヘリカルギヤを採用してコイルスプリング31との係合関係を安定させている。
【0043】
尚、上記エンドレスのコイルスプリング31の駆動手段25は、図示省略した駆動機構によってギヤ26を介して回転駆動される構造である。
【0044】
そして、アジテータ23の回転によって攪拌されるトナーは、タンクケース21の底部に形成された開口21aと、この開口21aに対向して設けた現像器ケース17の開口17aを通じてトナーを循環搬送するエンドレスのコイルスプリング31が配置されたトナー循環搬送経路中に自重落下する構成であり、トナータンク20の着脱に連動して上記開口21a及び開口17aは開閉される(図示省略)。
【0045】
コイルスプリング31が配置されたトナー循環搬送経路中に自重落下したトナーは、駆動手段25の駆動によって駆動されるエンドレスのコイルスプリング31によって循環搬送されて貯蔵部11の上部に移行すると、供給ローラ13の上部から自重落下して、トナーの貯蔵部11内に貯蔵されるが、トナーの貯蔵部11は極めて狭隘に構成してあるので、画像形態によって異なるトナーの消費量と供給量の関係からトナーの貯蔵部11内が満杯になる事も有り、この状態ではトナーは自重落下せずにコイルスプリング31によって循環搬送され、前述したトナータンク20からのトナーの自重落下も中断される構成にしてある。
【0046】
以上が本実施例の画像形成手段の主要部でり、感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに対応して、各々のカラートナー現像を可能にした現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kは、上述した供給ローラ13Y,13M,13C,13Kと現像ローラ12Y,12M,12C,12Kと規制部材14Y,14M,14C,14K及びエンドレスのコイルスプリング31Y,31M,31C,31K等の主要部材を現像器ケース17Y,17M,17C,17Kに各々収容してユニット化され、本体に対して着脱可能な構成であり、上記構造部のメンテナンス時には一体的に取り外して修理または交換を行う構成である。
【0047】
そして、この各々の現像部と本体の関係については、図示省略した位置決め手段によって所定の位置決めがされ、図示省略した固定手段によって固定されている。
【0048】
次に、図1及び図2に基づいて各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの像露光部に反転現像されたカラートナー像を転写する本実施例の転写構造に関して説明する(図2での説明は感光ドラム1Y及び現像部10Yの関係を代表図示して他の感光ドラム及び現像部関係を省略していて、説明を簡略化する為に各部の符号に関してY,M,C,Kを省略して図示説明するが、各々Y,M,C,K部位に適用されるものである)。
【0049】
本実施例の転写構造は、各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに反転現像されたカラートナー像を、複数のローラ82,83,84に張架されて各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに接して駆動されて図1中矢印方向に移動する可撓性を有する無端スリーブ状の中間転写媒体85上に1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて1次転写して1次画像を形成し、この1次画像は中間転写媒体85の移動によってローラ83部位まで搬送される。
【0050】
一方、この1次画像を1次転写した中間転写媒体85の移動に同期して、シート材収納部75に収納された記録媒体としての複数枚のシート材の内の際上部のシート材のみをピックアップする図1中矢印方向に回転するピックアップローラ71とシート材を給送する給送ローラ対72及びシート材の給送タイミングやスキュー補正を司るレジストローラ対73等の作動によって、図1中Pで示す矢印に沿って形成されたシート材搬送経路にシート材を給送する。
【0051】
そして、給送されたシート材と中間転写媒体85の移動によって搬送される1次画像は、2次転写部位90でシート材と同期合流し、図示省略した押圧機構によって中間転写媒体85を張架して駆動するローラ83に向かって数100gの総圧力で押圧された後で詳述する各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに反転現像されたカラートナー像とは逆極性のDC2〜4KV前後のバイアスを印加する手段を備えていて、例えばゴム等の導電性または半導電性の弾性体で形成された回転自在な転写ローラ81の押圧作用によって形成されたニップ部に搬送され、このニップ部で中間転写媒体85上に形成された1次画像は、同期給送されたシート材に2次転写されて2次画像を形成する。
【0052】
そして、2次転写に於ける転写残りの1次画像のカラートナーは、更にローラ84方向へと搬送されて、このローラ84に対向して配置した中間転写媒体クリーナ部70で中間転写媒体85に圧接した中間転写媒体クリーナ71によって掻き取られて空間72に収容され、そして、中間転写媒体85はリフレッシュされて再び上記サイクルの繰り返しを可能にされる。
【0053】
ここで上記の各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに反転現像されたカラートナー像を、複数のローラ82,83,84に張架されて各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに接して駆動されて図1中矢印方向に移動する可撓性を有する無端スリーブ状の中間転写媒体85上に1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて1次転写して1次画像を形成する1次転写に関して説明する。
【0054】
図1及び図2に於て、上記複数のローラ82,83,84の内の少なくも1本のローラは中間転写媒体85に張力を付与する図示省略したテンション機能を有して配置されていて、中間転写媒体85は、この張力によって各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに接する構造に構成されていて、上記複数のローラ82,83,84の内の少なくも1本のローラで駆動される構造に構成されている。
【0055】
そして、図2に示す如く移動する可撓性を有する無端スリーブ状の中間転写媒体85は、現像されたカラートナー像を介して感光ドラム1に接して所望のニップを形成し、中間転写媒体85の背面には感光ドラム1に対向配置されて摺接し、各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに反転現像されたカラートナー像とは逆極性のDC1〜3KV前後のバイアスを集中的に印加する手段を備えた例えば導電性のブラシ材や導電性フィルムまたは金属材などで形成した電極81からバイアス印加され、上記カラートナー像を順次中間転写媒体85上に1次転写されて移動する。
【0056】
この1次転写の過程に於て、カラートナー像は1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて中間転写媒体85上に1次転写されて1次画像を形成するので、最初に転写したカラートナー像に対して次々に転写されるカラートナー像は、重ねるか,あるいは直近に1次転写され、最初に転写するときの転写バイアスと次々に転写される時の転写バイアスとは、少なくも順次高電圧の転写バイアスに切り換えて行く必要が生じる場合が有り、本実施例では上記1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで電極81から印加するバイアス電圧は、各々独立したバイアス電圧に設定可能に構成されている。
【0057】
次に、中間転写媒体85の移動によって搬送される1次画像が、2次転写部位90で給送されたシート材と同期合流してシート材に2次転写されて2次画像を形成し、図1中Pで示す矢印に沿って形成されたシート材搬送経路にシート材を給送する過程で、これを定着せしめる定着部60に関して説明する。
【0058】
本実施例の定着部60の主要部は、シート材搬送方向下流側に配置されて詳細図示説明は割愛するが、少なくも一方にハロゲンヒータ等の発熱体を内蔵して回転自在な定着ローラ対63と、この定着ローラ対63の少なくも一方側のローラを他方側に押圧付勢してシート材に2次転写された2次画像をシート材に押圧する押圧手段を有し、シート材に2次転写された2次画像は、定着ローラ対63の形成するニップ部で所定の温度でシート材に定着される。
【0059】
次に、各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに潜像露光する露光器40について図3に基づいて説明する。
【0060】
露光器40の主要部は、2万rpm弱で回転するモータ41と、このモータ41の回転を制御する図示省略した制御回路基板と、モータ41の出力軸に装着されて回転し、複数の半導体レーザ等の発光素子42Y,42M,42C,42Kから発射された光ビームを各々偏向走査して複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kを構成する回転多面鏡43と、上記主要構成部材を収納してユニット化構成する露光器ケース44及び46から構成され、この露光器ケース44及び46は、詳細図示を省略したが図1に於て複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kを前後方向に挟む対称位置に配置した装置の内部構成の基準となるメインシャーシに張架したサブシャーシ100に形成した位置決め部に対する被位置決め部の係合(図示省略)によって所定の位置に位置決めされ、例えばネジ45等の固定手段によってサブシャーシ100に固定されている。
【0061】
尚、上記複数の半導体レーザ等の発光素子42Y,42M,42C,42Kと複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kは、図3に図示した如くの関係で各々対応していて、複数の半導体レーザ等の発光素子42Y,42M,42C,42Kは各々異なる画像信号によって変調された光ビームを各々射出し、この複数の光ビームは図中矢印方向に回転する回転多面鏡43の共通位置の反射面43aで各々反射して各々異なった方向に偏向走査されて、図示省略したfθレンズを通過して各々異なった方向の複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kが構成される。
【0062】
尚、本実施例では複数の半導体レーザ等の発光素子42Y,42M,42C,42Kから射出される各々異なる画像信号によって変調された光ビームは、各々異なった色の画像に対応して変調されている。
【0063】
そして、この各々異なった方向の複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kに対応して、この複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kの光路長が略同一の長さになる円弧上位置に各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kを配置してあり、当然の事ながら、複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kで走査された光ビームの走査幅も略同一の走査幅である。
【0064】
ところで、上記の如く初期的には複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kの光路長が略同一の長さになる位置に各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kを配置しても、装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化によって、その長さが微妙に変化して走査幅が変化したり、または、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kのカラートナー像を中間転写媒体85上に1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて1次転写して1次画像を形成する際に、その1次転写位置に相対的なずれが生じたりして画質抵下をきたす場合があるが、本実施例ではこの点を鑑みて例え装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化が有っても上記略同一の長さで構成された複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kの相対的変化を抑制する第1手段として、前述の露光器40の要構成部材を収納してユニット化した露光器ケース44及び46は、詳細図示を省略したが図1に於て複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kを前後方向に挟む対称位置に配置した装置の内部構成の基準となるメインシャーシに張架したサブシャーシ100に形成した位置決め部に対する被位置決め部の係合(図示省略)によって所定の位置に位置決めされ、図3に詳細図示される如くの位置,即ち、前述の回転多面鏡43の共通位置の反射面43a対して反射面43aの面方向に略均等な,かつ、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの軸方向と略平行な位置で例えばネジ45等の固定手段によってサブシャーシ100に固定されていて、例え装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化が有っても、この固定位置を基準にして露光器40は伸縮するものであって、反射面43aの位置は変化しない構造で固定されている。
【0065】
尚、図示省略した上記露光器ケース44及び46とサブシャーシ100に形成した位置決め部に対する被位置決め部の係合位置に関しては、伸縮基準にはならないがネジ45の近傍に配置する事が好ましい。
【0066】
一方、同第2手段として、本実施例では複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kは、前述の詳細図示省略した図1に於ける複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kを前後方向に挟む対称位置に配置した装置の内部構成の基準となるメインシャーシ及びこのメインシャーシに張架して露光器40を固定したサブシャーシ100と同質な板金構造の基体に配置されていて、装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化が有った場合には、上述の反射面43aの位置を基準にして複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの位置は上記光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kに沿って相対的に伸縮する構造に構成してあり、複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kの光路長は略同一の長さで伸縮し、当然の事ながら、複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kで走査された光ビームの走査幅も略同一の走査幅である。
【0067】
上記メカニズムを図4に基づいて更に詳細に説明すると、図中1点鎖線で示す交点位置を中心にして図中実線で示す位置に配置されていた複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kは、装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化が生じると、図1に示す各々の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kに沿って図中1点鎖線と2点鎖線で示す交点位置を中心にした位置に各々移動(図4に示す内容は伸長た方向に位置変化した状態を示しているが縮小する方向に位置変化した場合は以下の説明を逆にして考えればよい)し、一方、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kは、各々相応の拡張をするとともに上記図中1点鎖線と2点鎖線で示す交点位置を中心にして図中2点鎖線で示す状態となって、この複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに接して駆動されて移動する可撓性を有する無端スリーブ状の中間転写媒体85は、図中実線で示す状態から2点鎖線で示す状態に変化,即ち、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに接する中間転写媒体85の周長を長く要する状態に変化するが、本実施例では図1に示す複数のローラ82,83,84の内の少なくも1本のローラは中間転写媒体85に張力を付与する図示省略したテンション機能を有して配置されていいるので、中間転写媒体85の伸長分も含んでこの張力によって各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに接する状態には変化をきたさない構造に構成されている。
【0068】
一方、ここで問題になるのは、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの位置及び外径が変化して、これに接する中間転写媒体85の周長を長く要する状態に変化すると、各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kから中間転写媒体85上に1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて1次転写して形成した1次画像は、中間転写媒体85の周長を長く要する分だけ相対的にずれた画像が形成されるが、本実施例の中間転写媒体85を駆同する複数のローラ82,83,84の内の少なくも1本のローラも温度や湿度環境変化によって相応の拡張があるので、このローラの相応の拡張によって中間転写媒体85は速く駆動されて複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに接して移動する中間転写媒体85の周長を長く要する状態をキャンセルする構造に構成してあり、本実施例ではそのキャンセル残りを数μm程度に縮小する事が出来た。
【0069】
尚、本実施例では上記メインシャーシ及びサブシャーシ100は同質な板金構造の基体に配置して構成したが、この板金構造の基体に限定されるものでは無く、同様な作用が成されて構成可能ならば、例えばガラス繊維等を含侵したプラスチック材などで成形した同質の材質から成る基体,または、略同一の温度または湿度膨張率からなる材質の組み合わせで形成した基体であっても構わない。
【0070】
一方、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kから中間転写媒体85上に1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて1次転写して1次画像を形成する場合に、1次画像の副走査方向の相対的なずれに関して、上記の様な温度や湿度環境変化によって引き起こされる現象の他に各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの回転振れや、中間転写媒体85及び各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの駆動系に潜在する回転ジッタ等も特定の周期性をもって1次画像の副走査方向の相対的なずれを引き起こす場合が有るので、本実施例では複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの相対的な周長は、1を含む整数比の長さで構成するとともに、各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kは、現像されたカラートナー像を中間転写媒体85上に1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて1次転写する1次転写位置間の中間転写媒体85の長さが複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの周長と整数比になる位置に配置して、上記特定の周期性をもって1次画像の副走査方向の相対的なずれを引き起こす現象の累積を防止している。
【0071】
以上前述した本実施例のカラー画像形成装置について、ここで着目すべき点を以下の内容で整理する。
【0072】
1).<装置全体の構成について>
図1及び図2に基づいて前述した本実施例のカラー画像形成装置の構成は、1次画像を形成した中間転写媒体85の移動に同期してシート材を給送し、1次画像が2次転写部位90でシート材と同期合流し、同期給送されたシート材に2次転写されて2次画像を形成する構造に構成されているが、この構成は、装置全体をコンパクトに,特に装置全体の高さ方向を低く構成する目的に好適な構成であって、高さ方向の大きさより横方向の大きさの縮小を優先する場合には、図示説明を省略するが複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kと各々の現像部10Y,10M,10C,10K及び中間転写媒体85等の回転方向を逆に回転させるとともに、中間転写媒体85に例えば静電吸着などの吸着手段によってシート材を吸着させて感光ドラム1K側から1Y側に向かって搬送するシート材搬送手段を構成して、上記感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに現像されて異なった色のカラートナー像を、中間転写媒体85を介さずに1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねてシート材に転写して画像を形成しても良い。
【0073】
尚、この構成では上記中間転写媒体85は上記1次画像の形成機能を果たすのではなくて、シート材搬送手段としての機能を果たす。
【0074】
また、同様に高さ方向の大きさより横方向の大きさの縮小を優先する場合には、図示説明を省略するが複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kを略水平方向に隣接配置し、この複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに対応して複数の現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kを各々配置し、この感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに対して露光器40を同様な構成でその上部に配置し、同様な構成の中間転写媒体85を複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの下部に配置して、中間転写媒体85上に順次重ねて1次転写して1次画像を形成し、この1次画像を搬送する中間転写媒体85の移動に同期して、シート材を給送し、給送されたシート材と中間転写媒体85の移動によって搬送される1次画像が2次転写部位で同期合流し、同期給送されたシート材に2次転写されて2次画像を形成する構造に構成しても良いし、上記同様に各々の現像部10Y,10M,10C,10K及び中間転写媒体85等の回転方向を逆に回転させるとともに、中間転写媒体85に例えば静電吸着などの吸着手段によってシート材を吸着させて感光ドラム1K側から1Y側に向かってシート材を搬送するシート材搬送手段を構成して、上記感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに現像されたて異なった色のカラートナー像を、中間転写媒体85を介さずに1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて転写して画像を形成しても良い。
【0075】
一方、中間転写媒体85に例えば静電吸着などの吸着手段によってシート材を吸着させて感光ドラム1K側から1Y側に向かって搬送するシート材搬送手段は、シート材搬送にとって好ましい一例であって、上記中間転写行程を経ずにシート材に1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて転写して画像を形成するので、構造が簡単で安価な構成が可能であり、更に別の構成を二例として掲げるならば、図1と他の図に示した感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kはいずれも円形形状で構成していて、前述の略同一の光路長で配置すると、前述の1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kは略円弧状に関係つけられて、この1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kに向かってシート材を単体給送する場合にはシート材と各々の1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kの相対位置関係の確保に問題が生じる場合が有るので、図示説明を省略するが、例えば複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kをベルト感光体などの形状自由度のある構成にして、1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kを直線状に関係つけて、この1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kに向かってシート材を単体給送すると、シート材と各々の1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kの相対位置関係の確保は容易であり、更に構造が簡単になってより安価な構成が可能である。
【0076】
尚、図1の構成では、2次転写部位90迄シート材を給送する搬送経路は、単にシート材をガイドする機能にとどめて特別な搬送手段を構築していないが、上記の中間転写媒体85の様なシート材搬送ベルトに例えば静電吸着などの吸着手段によってシート材を吸着させて搬送するシート材搬送手段を構築すると、シート材搬送は安定し、高速なシート材搬送にも対応できる。
【0077】
上記いずれの構成であっても高速な画像形成が可能であるばかりでなく、複数の半導体レーザ等の発光素子42Y,42M,42C,42Kは各々異なる画像信号によって各々異なった色の画像に対応して変調された光ビームを各々射出し、この複数の光ビームは回転多面鏡43の共通位置の反射面43aで各々反射して各々異なった方向に偏向走査されて、各々異なった方向の複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kが構成され、この各々異なった方向の複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kに対応して、この複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kの光路長が略同一の長さになる円弧上位置に各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kを配置すると、複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kで走査された光ビームの走査幅も略同一の走査幅になり、画像信号の形成にも特別な構成を必要としないで、複数の発光素子42Y,42M,42C,42Kは各々異なる画像信号によって各々異なった色の画像に対応して変調されるにも関わらず、共通のデータクロック周波数に基づいて変調形成可能であり、また、特公平4−51829号公報に示される従来のカラー画像形成装置の様な偏向走査されたレーザビームを感光体に導く為に複数の反射ミラーを不要にし、更には、回転多面鏡の異なった反射面によって複数のレーザビームを第1偏向方向及び第2偏向方向の反対方向に区分けして偏向走査して、反射面の相対的な平行差による副走査方向の相対差から生じる色ずれを防止する為の特別に高精度に構成した回転多面鏡は不要であり、構造が簡単で安価なカラー画像形成装置を構成できる。
【0078】
2).<露光器の固定と温湿度環境変化への対応について>
前述の露光器40の要部構成部材を収納してユニット化した露光器ケース44及び46は、詳細図示を省略したが図1に於て複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kを前後方向に挟む対称位置に配置した装置の内部構成の基準となるメインシャーシに張架したサブシャーシ100に対して所定の位置に位置決めがされ、図3に詳細図示される如くの位置,即ち、前述の回転多面鏡43の共通位置の反射面43a対して反射面43aの面方向に略均等な,かつ、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの軸方向と略平行な位置で例えばネジ45等の固定手段によってサブシャーシ100に固定されていて、例え装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化があっても、この固定位置を基準にして露光器40は伸縮するものであって、反射面43aの位置は変化しない構造で固定されていて、初期的に複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kの光路長が略同一の長さになる位置に各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kを円弧上位置に配置しておくと、装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化にがあっても、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kのカラートナー像を中間転写媒体85上に1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて1次転写して1次画像を形成する際に、その1次転写位置に相対的なずれが生じたりして画質抵下をきたすことを抑制していて、安定した画像形成ができる。
【0079】
尚、上記反射面43aの位置が変化しない支持手段は、一例として具体的に図示説明したが、この具体的構造に限定されるものではなく、図示説明は省略するが、例えば、上記メインシャーシ,サブシャーシ100,露光器ケース44及び46等の装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化によって伸縮する伸縮系の組み合わせ構成によって伸縮量の相対的なキャンセルをし、反射面43aの位置が変化しない支持手段を得る事は可能である。
【0080】
また、上記露光器40の固定手段としてネジ45を用いる構成で図示説明したが、例えば、かしめや溶着などの固定手段であってもよい。
【0081】
3).<感光ドラムの配置と温湿度環境変化への対応について>
図4で詳細説明した本実施例の複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kは、露光器40を固定したサブシャーシ100と同質な板金構造の基体に配置されていて、装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化があった場合には、上述の反射面43aの位置を基準にして複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの位置は上記光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kに沿って相対的に伸縮する構造に構成してあり、複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kの光路長は略同一の長さで伸縮し、複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kで走査された光ビームの走査幅も略同一の走査幅であり、画像信号の形成に於て、例えば装置内外の温度や湿度を検出してその検出内容を画像信号形成手段にフィードバックして適切な画像信号形成を行う等の特別な構成を必要としないで、複数の発光素子42Y,42M,42C,42Kは各々異なる画像信号によって各々異なった色の画像に対応して変調されるにも関わらず、共通のデータクロック周波数に基づいて変調形成可能であり、構造が簡単で安価なカラー画像形成装置を構成できる。
【0082】
更に、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの位置及び外径が変化して、これに接する中間転写媒体85の周長を長く要する状態に変化しても、各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kから中間転写媒体85上に1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて1次転写して形成した1次画像は、中間転写媒体85を駆同する複数のローラ82,83,84の内の少なくも1本のローラも温度や湿度環境変化によって相応の拡張よって中間転写媒体85は速く駆動されて複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに接して移動する中間転写媒体85の周長を長く要する状態をキャンセルする構造に構成してあり、そのキャンセル残りを数μm程度に縮小する事が可能で、装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化にがあっても、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kのカラートナー像を中間転写媒体85上に1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて1次転写して1次画像を形成する際に、その1次転写位置に相対的なずれが生じたりして画質抵下をきたすことをを抑制していて、安定した画像形成ができる。
【0083】
ここで、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの位置及び外径が変化しても1次転写位置の相対的なずれをキャンセルする具体的な一例に関して詳細説明をする。
【0084】
露光器40と複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kを支持した支持基体は、熱膨張率が11.6X10−6/℃からなる鋼板板金構造で構成され、各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kは、熱膨張率が23.1X10−6/℃からなるアルミニューム基体の外径を40mmで構成して略同一の長さの複数の光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kの光路長を300mmにして円弧上位置に配置してあり、また、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの転写位置に接する中間転写媒体85の周長(図4のL1)が、各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの周長の1/2の62.8319mmになる位置に、各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kを配置してある。
【0085】
一方、中間転写媒体85は図1に示すローラ83によって駆動され、ローラ83は熱膨張率が11.6X10−6/℃からなる外径25mm(周長:25π=78.5398mm)の鋼鉄製ローラで構成されている。
【0086】
上記詳細構造のもとに、実際のカラー画像形成時には装置内部に配置された図示省略した制御回路部の発熱及び定着部60等の発熱や装置全体の設置環境変化によって、初期的な状態より35℃程度の温度上昇を見込んでおく必要があるので、この温度上昇条件で具体的な1次転写位置の相対的なずれをキャンセルするメカニズムを説明する。
【0087】
まず、35℃温度上昇条件で各構成要件の変化する値は、
▲1▼.感光ドラム外径・・・・・・ ・・・・・・ 40.0323mm
▲2▼.光路長・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・300.1138mm
▲3▼.中間転写媒体85の周長(図4のL2)・・・ 63.0720mm
▲4▼.ローラ83周長・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 78.5398mm
で有り、
A.感光ドラム1Yから1K間の転写位置間の中間転写媒体85の周長変化は、
(63.0720−62.8319)x3=0.07203(mm)
B.ローラ83の周長変化は、
78.5717−78.5398=0.0319(mm)
C.初期的に中間転写媒体85を感光ドラム1Yから1K間に移動させる為のローラ83の回転数は、
62.8319X3/78.5398=2.40000(回転)
D.従って、中間転写媒体85の周長変化分をローラ83の周長変化分でキャンセルした残りの量は、
0.07203−(0.0319X2.40000)=−0.00453(mm)
である。
【0088】
即ち、中間転写媒体85の周長変化分(長くなった分)をローラ83の周長変化分(長くなった分)でキャンセルさせたときに、中間転写媒体85の方が4.5μm速く移動する事になるが、このキャンセル残り量は画像形成にとって実質的な問題はない。
【0089】
上記関係からして、露光器40と複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kを支持する支持基体を、例えばガラス繊維などを充填したプラスチックで形成し、ローラ83を例えばステンレス材や黄銅材、またはガラス繊維などを充填したプラスチックで形成しても、近似した同様な関係を構築する事が出来る。
【0090】
尚、本実施例では上記メインシャーシ及びサブシャーシ100は同質な板金構造の基体に配置して構成したが、この板金構造の基体に限定されるものでは無く、同様な作用が成されて構成可能ならば、例えばガラス繊維等を含侵したプラスチック材などで成形した同質の材質から成る基体,または、略同一の温度または湿度膨張率からなる材質の組み合わせで形成した基体であっても構わない。
【0091】
4).<現像部へのトナー補給について>
前述した如く本実施例の各々の現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kは、現像にともなって減少するトナーをトナータンク20の交換によって補給する構成であり、各々の現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kは、画像形成プロセスに支障のない必要最小限のトナーを貯蔵するだけで良いので、極めて小型な構成が可能であり、本実施例のカラー画像形成装置のように複数の現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kを配置する構成にとって、装置小型化構成が容易になるとともに、貯蔵部11内のトナーを画像形成プロセスに支障のない必要最小限の貯蔵量にとどめてあるので、画像形成プロセスの作動によるトナーの劣化を防止している。
【0092】
更に、上記トナータンク20は、露光器40から各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに向けて照射される光路49Y,49M,49C,49Kの外側、即ち、図1に於て、各々の現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kに対して、現像部10Yに対するトナータンク20Yの装着は図中光路49Yの前方側に,現像部10Mに対するトナータンク20Mの装着は図中光路49Mの後方側に,現像部10Cに対するトナータンク20Cの装着は図中光路49Yの前方側に,現像部10Kに対するトナータンク20Kの装着は図中光路49Kの後方側に各々装着(図中トナータンク20M及びトナータンク20Kは図示省略する所謂千鳥配置を行って、互いの干渉を避けた有効な空間配置をしてあり、同様に本実施例のカラー画像形成装置のように複数の現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kを配置する構成にとって、装置の小型化構成が容易になるばかりでなく、トナータンク20を図示省略した所謂千鳥配置に配置した事によって、その着脱操作性が向上した。
【0093】
なお、本実施例のカラー画像形成装置では、各々のトナータンク20Y,20M,20C,20Kは各々イエロー,マゼンタ,シアン,ブラックのカラートナーが収容されていて、各々の現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kは、このカラートナーに対応したイエロー,マゼンタ,シアン,ブラックのカラー現像が行われる構成であり、各々のトナータンク20Y,20M,20C,20Kは独立して交換可能なので、消費されるイエロー,マゼンタ,シアン,ブラックのカラートナーが不均一な消費形態であっても、効率の良いトナー補給が可能である。
【0094】
また、感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに対応して、各々のカラートナー現像を可能にした現像部10Y,10M,10C,10Kは、上述した供給ローラ13Y,13M,13C,13Kと現像ローラ12Y,12M,12C,12Kと規制部材14Y,14M,14C,14K及びエンドレスのコイルスプリング31Y,31M,31C,31K等の主要部材を現像器ケース17Y,17M,17C,17Kに各々収容してユニット化され、本体に対して着脱可能に構成され、上記構造部のメンテナンス時には一体的に取り外して修理または交換を行う構成であり、その操作性に優れる。
【0095】
5).<感光ドラムと中間転写媒体の関係について>
前述した如く本実施例の感光ドラムと中間転写媒体の関係に於て、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの相対的な周長は、1を含む整数比の長さで構成するとともに、各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kは、現像されたカラートナー像を中間転写媒体85上に1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて1次転写する1次転写位置間の中間転写媒体85の周長(図4のL1)が複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの周長と整数比になる位置に配置して、各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの回転振れや、中間転写媒体85及び各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの駆動系に潜在する回転ジッタ等が引き起こす特定の周期性をもった1次画像の副走査方向の相対的なずれの累積を防止しているので、上記1次画像の相対的なずれを僅かな量に抑制して安定した画像形成ができる。
【0096】
一方、複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの関係に於て、図1では共通した大きさで図示しているが、この大きさに関しては相対的な周長が1を含む整数比の長さで構成されていれば、上記関係は成り立つものであり、図示説明は省略するが図1におけるブラックトナーが現像される感光ドラム1Kの周長のみを他の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1Cの周長に対して整数比の長さで構成すると、実際の使用勝手の中でブラックトナー像が比較的多く使用されても、感光ドラム1Kの寿命が長いので、略々他の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1Cと近似した寿命に設定する事も可能である。
【0097】
6).<中間転写媒体への転写バイアス印加について>
前述した如く本実施例の中間転写媒体への転写バイアス印加構造は、中間転写媒体85の背面から各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに反転現像されたカラートナー像とは逆極性のDC1〜3KV前後のバイアスを集中的に印加する手段を備えた例えば導電性のブラシ材や導電性フィルムまたは金属材などで形成した電極81の摺接によってバイアス印加され、上記カラートナー像を順次中間転写媒体85上に1次転写するバイアス印加構造が簡単で安価に構成可能で有るばかりでなく、例えばコロナ放電器によってバイアス印加する構造等の様にオゾン発生も無く、使用環境の向上も図られる。
【0098】
また、上記例えば導電性のブラシ材や導電性フィルムまたは金属材などで形成した電極81からバイアス印加する構成は、バイアスを集中的に印加する事に好適な構成であり、カラートナー像を順次中間転写媒体85上に1次転写する場合に、カラートナー像の散り現象が少なく、安定した1次画像の形成が可能である。
【0099】
一方、上記1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで電極81から印加するバイアス電圧は、各々独立したバイアス電圧に設定可能に構成されていて、この1次転写過程に於て、カラートナー像は1次転写部80Y,80M,80C,80Kで順次重ねて中間転写媒体85上に1次転写されて1次画像を形成しても、最初に転写したカラートナー像に対して次々に転写されるカラートナー像の転写は、各々適切なバイアス電圧によって行う事が容易であり、最初に転写するときの転写バイアスと次々に転写される時の転写バイアスとは、少なくも順次高電圧の転写バイアスに切り換えて行く事が容易に行えて、安定した1次画像の形成が可能である。
【0100】
7).<中間転写媒体と感光ドラムのユニット構造について>
複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kと複数のローラ82,83,84に張架されて各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kに接して駆動されて図1中矢印方向に移動する可撓性を有する無端スリーブ状の中間転写媒体85をユニット化して本体に対して着脱可能に構成しておくと、各々の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kや中間転写媒体85のメンテナンス時に、一体的に取り出して修理または交換に便利であるとともに、中間転写媒体85と複数の感光ドラム1Y,1M,1C,1Kの相対的な位置関係及び駆動関係の安定維持が図れる。
【0101】
【発明の効果】
以上述べた様に本発明によれば、複数の光路で走査されたレーザビームの走査幅は略同一の走査幅になり、画像信号の形成にも特別な構成を必要としないで、複数のレーザ光源は各々異なる画像信号によって変調されるにも関わらず、共通のデータクロック周波数に基づいて変調形成可能であり、また、複数のレーザビームを感光体に導く為に複数の反射ミラーを不要にし、更には、特別に高精度に構成した回転多面鏡は不要であり、構造が簡単で高速な安価なカラー画像形成装置を構成できる。
【0102】
また、構造が簡単で小型化にとって有効で有るばかりでなく一段と安価な構成が可能である。更に、シート材搬送が安定してシート材と感光体の相対位置関係の確保が容易であり、順次重ねて転写するトナー像の相対位置関係が安定し、色ずれの無い安定した画像形成が可能である。一方、装置全体の要部レイアウトの自由度が向上して装置全体をコンパクトに構成する事が可能で有るばかりでなく、複数のレーザビームを感光体に導く為の複数の反射ミラーを不要にし、更には、回転多面鏡の異なった反射面によって複数のレーザビームを第1偏向方向及び第2偏向方向の反対方向に区分けして偏向走査して、反射面の相対的な平行差による副走査方向の相対差から生じる色ずれを防止するための特別に高精度に構成した回転多面鏡も不要であり、構造が簡単で高速な安価なカラー画像形成装置を構成できる。
【0105】
また、本発明によれば、例え装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化が有っても、反射面の位置は変化しない支持手段で支持固定されていて、初期的に複数のレーザビームの光路長が略同一の長さになる位置に各々の感光体を配置しておく事により、装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化にがあっても、複数の感光体に現像されたトナー像を記録媒体上に順次重ねて転写して画像を形成する際に、転写位置に相対的なずれが生じたりして画質低下をきたすことを抑制して安定した画像形成ができる。
【0106】
更に、本発明によれば、例え装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化が有っても、複数の感光体に現像されたトナー像を記録写媒体上に順次重ねて転写して画像を形成する際に、転写位置に相対的なずれが生じたりして画質低下をきたすことを抑制して安定した画像形成ができる。
【0107】
更に、本発明によれば、装置内外の温度や湿度環境変化が有った場合には、前述の反射面の位置を基準にして各々の感光体の位置は、各々のレーザビームが感光体に到達する光路に沿って相対的に伸縮する構造であり、各々のレーザビームが感光体に到達する光路長は略同一の長さで伸縮し、複数のレーザビームが感光体に到達する光路で走査されたレーザビームの走査幅も略同一の走査幅であり、画像信号の形成に於て、例えば装置内外の温度や湿度を検出してその検出内容を画像信号形成手段にフィードバックして適切な画像信号形成を行う等の特別な構成を必要としないで、複数のレーザ光源は各々異なる画像信号によって変調されているにも関わらず、共通のデータクロック周波数に基づいて変調形成可能であり、構造が簡単で安価なカラー画像形成装置を構成できる。
【0108】
また、本発明によれば、各々の感光体の回転振れや、中間転写媒体及び各々の感光体の駆動系に潜在する回転ジッタ等が引き起こす特定の周期性をもった1次画像の副走査方向の相対的なずれの累積を防止して、各々の感光体回転振れや、中間転写媒体及び各々の感光体の駆動系に潜在する回転ジッタが有っても、上記1次画像の相対的なずれを僅かな量に抑制して安定した画像形成ができる。
【0109】
そして、更に、複数の感光体の関係に於て、この大きさに関して相対的な周長が1を含む整数比の長さで構成されていれば、上記関係は成り立つものであり、相対的に稼働率が高い割合でトナーが現像される感光体の周長のみを他の感光体の周長に対して整数比の長さで構成すると、実際の使用勝手の中では略々他の感光体と近似した寿命に設定する事も可能である。
【0110】
更に、本発明によれば、トナー像を順次中間転写媒体上に1次転写するバイアス印加構造が簡単で安価に構成可能で有るばかりでなく、例えばコロナ放電器によってバイアス印加する構造等の様にオゾン発生も無くて使用環境の向上も図られるばかりでなく、上記構成は、バイアスを集中的に印加する事に好適な構成であり、トナー像を順次中間転写媒体上に1次転写する場合に、トナー像の散り現象が少なくて安定した1次画像の形成が可能である。
【0111】
更に、本発明によれば、各々の感光体や中間転写媒体のメンテナンス時に、一体的に取り出して修理または交換に便利であるとともに、中間転写媒体と複数の感光ドラム体の相対的な位置関係及び駆動関係の安定維持が図れる。
【0112】
以上の如く本発明は数々の実用的効果を有し、その実用的効果は極めて大きい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のカラー画像形成装置の全容を示す断面図。
【図2】本発明のカラー画像形成装置の現像部の一部を拡大図示する現像要部断面図。
【図3】本発明のカラー画像形成装置の露光器の要部を一部断面図示する露光器要部一部断面図。
【図4】本発明のカラー画像形成装置の感光体の配置関係を説明する感光体配置説明図。
【符号の説明】
1Y,1M,1C,1K 感光ドラム
2Y,2M,2C,2K 帯電ローラ
10Y,10M,10C,10K 現像部
20Y,20M,20C,20K トナータンク
30 トナー搬送部
31 コイルスプリング
40 露光器
42Y,42M,42C,42K 発光素子
49Y,49M,49C,49K 光路
60 定着部
80Y,80M,80C,80K 1次転写部
72,73,74 駆動ローラ
81 転写ローラ
85 中間転写媒体
82,83,84 ローラ
[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a configuration of a color image forming apparatus that forms a color image on a sheet material such as a printer and a facsimile, and more particularly, to a mechanism structure thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a typical example of a conventional color image forming apparatus, a structure as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 4-51829 or Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 63-9361 is generally known. In the publication, a plurality of laser beams corresponding to each color component are divided by a rotary polygon mirror in a direction opposite to a first deflection direction and a second deflection direction to deflect and scan to form latent images on a plurality of photosensitive members. The first image information and the second image information are output after converting the output order in each scan in the reverse order to each other, and in order to guide the image information converting means and the deflection-scanned laser beam to the photosensitive member. A plurality of reflecting mirrors are required, and furthermore, a plurality of laser beams are divided by the different reflecting surfaces of the rotating polygonal mirror in a direction opposite to the first deflection direction and the second deflection direction so as to be deflected and scanned. Poor accuracy leads to relative parallel differences Since lead to quality 抵下 the color shift appears as a relative difference in the scanning direction has occurred, it takes a high-precision rotary polygon mirror, structure was expensive not only complicated.
[0003]
If the relative positions of the rotating polygon mirror, the plurality of reflection mirrors, and the plurality of photoconductors change due to environmental changes such as temperature, when the images of the plurality of photoconductors are sequentially transferred to the recording sheet, particularly in the sub-scanning direction. Appearing as a relative shift of the image quality, resulting in a color shift.
[0004]
On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-9361, while trying to solve the former of the above-mentioned problems, not only the problems of the latter remain, but also the laser beam is reflected from the reflecting surface of the rotary polygon mirror. If the optical path length reaching each photoconductor is different, the scanning width is different. Therefore, it is necessary to modulate the image signal based on the individual data clock frequency corresponding to each laser light source. But complex and expensive.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the conventional technique, not only the image quality deteriorates due to the color shift due to the relative shift in the sub-scanning direction due to the environmental change such as the temperature, but also the mechanism structure and the formation of the image signal are complicated. In addition, the color image forming apparatus is expensive because a rotating polygon mirror specially configured with high precision is required.
[0006]
Therefore, the present invention solves the above-described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a special configuration for preventing a relative shift in the sub-scanning direction, that is, an image quality in which color shift occurs. Image formation without the need for specially-accurate rotating polygon mirrors, and further, without the need for a special configuration for forming image signals. The present invention is to provide a color image forming apparatus which is capable of forming images at a low cost and at a high speed.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the present invention provides a color image forming apparatus that develops a latent image formed by deflecting and scanning a laser beam modulated by a different image signal on each of a plurality of photoconductors by an exposure unit to develop a toner image by a developing unit. Wherein the exposure means reflects a plurality of laser light sources that emit laser beams modulated by different image signals and respective laser beams emitted from the plurality of laser light sources in different directions on a reflection surface at a common position. A plurality of photoreceptors are arranged at a position on an arc where an optical path length is substantially the same from a reflection surface at a common position of the rotating polygonal mirror, and the plurality of photoconductors are provided. A position substantially parallel to the axial direction of the photoconductor is set as a fixed position of the exposure unit.
[0010]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
[0011]
1 to 4 show a suitable embodiment of the color image forming apparatus of the present invention, FIGS. 5 and 6 show a suitable embodiment of the flexible endless sleeve material of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 8 shows a suitable embodiment of the flexible endless sleeve driving device of the present invention, and FIG. 8 shows a suitable forming example of the flexible endless sleeve of the present invention.
[0012]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the entirety of the color image forming apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of a developing device, showing a part of a developing section of the color image forming apparatus of the present invention in an enlarged manner.
[0013]
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a main part of the exposure device of the color image forming apparatus of the present invention, showing a main part of the exposure device.
[0014]
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the photoconductor arrangement for explaining the arrangement relationship of the photoconductor in the color image forming apparatus of the present invention.
[0015]
First, the image forming unit of the color image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 and other drawings.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 1, the main part of the image forming unit of this embodiment includes a plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K arranged vertically adjacent to each other at a substantially central portion, and a plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K. Each of the plurality of charging rollers 2Y, 2M, 2C, and 2K, the photosensitive drum cleaners 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3K, and the developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C, and 10K correspond to 1K.
[0017]
Regarding the developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C, and 10K, the two sets of upper developing units 10Y and 10M and the lower two sets of developing units 10C and 10K have the same configuration. Some of the developing units 10C and 10K are not shown.
[0018]
1 and 2, the charging rollers 2Y, 2M, 2C, and 2K in the present embodiment are formed of a semiconductive elastic material such as rubber, for example, in the direction of the arrow in the figure. When a bias of about DC (-) 2 kv or less is applied while rotating the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K, the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are applied with (-) 600V to (-) 700V, respectively. It is a configuration that can be charged to a charging potential.
[0019]
The charging rollers 2Y, 2M, 2C, and 2K are pressed and supported toward the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K, respectively, by a pressing mechanism constituted by a spring or the like (not shown). 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K.
[0020]
Next, different image signals are respectively output from the exposure devices 40 arranged substantially horizontally in opposition to the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K arranged in the vertical direction, which will be described in detail later, based on a common data clock frequency. The photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are image-exposed by light beams incident from the optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K that are modulated and emitted, respectively, to form latent images. Each becomes (−) 10V to (−) 150V.
[0021]
Next, the relationship between the developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C, and 10K corresponding to the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K will be described with reference to FIG. 2. In FIG. 2, the relationship between the photosensitive drum 1Y and the developing unit 10Y is shown as a representative diagram. However, other photosensitive drums and developing units are omitted, and for simplicity of description, the reference numerals of the respective units are omitted from the illustrations of Y, M, C, and K. Applies to the K site.
[0022]
In the developing unit 10 shown in FIG. 2, a supply roller 13 formed of a semiconductive elastic material such as foamed rubber and rotating in the direction of the arrow in the figure stores toner that can be charged to the same polarity as the above-mentioned charging potential. The surface of the developing roller 12 is coated with the toner in the developing unit 12 while the surface of the developing unit 12 is coated with the toner in the storage unit 11 and rotated.
[0023]
Here, a positive bias may not be applied to the supply roller 13 to frictionally charge the toner to the (−) polarity. However, when a bias of about DC (−) 200 V to (−) 400 V is applied, the toner is (-) Polarity charging is promoted.
[0024]
Then, the toner remaining on the surface of the developing roller 12 without being coated is scraped off by the scraping blade 16, and the supply roller 13 is refreshed so that the above cycle can be repeated again.
[0025]
On the other hand, the toner scraped off by the scraping blade 16 is returned into the storage section 11 from the passage 17b by the rotation of the supply roller 13, and the above cycle can be repeated.
[0026]
Next, the toner coated on the surface of the developing roller 12 formed of a semiconductive elastic material such as a rubber material, which rotates in the direction of the arrow in the drawing, is substantially applied to the outer periphery of the developing roller 12 by a structure not shown. At a total pressure of 1 kg, the toner is brought into contact with the entire area in the axial direction and is rubbed with a regulating member 14 for regulating the coated toner to a coating layer having a predetermined thickness, whereby the thickness is reduced to about 10 μm. And the toner layer is triboelectrically charged to a more uniform (-) polarity.
[0027]
A bias of about DC (−) 200 V to (−) 400 V is applied to the developing roller 12, and the thinned toner layer is conveyed to the photosensitive drum 1 so that the developing roller 12 and the photosensitive drum 1 Reversal development is performed on the nip portion formed by pressing and the image exposure portion of the photosensitive drum 1 in the vicinity of the nip portion.
[0028]
Next, the toner image reversely developed on the image exposure portion of the photosensitive drum 1 is transferred by primary transfer portions 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K shown in FIG. 1 described later in detail. The toner is scraped off by the cleaning blade 92 in pressure contact with the drum 1 and stored in a predetermined space (not shown).
[0029]
The cleaned photosensitive drum 1 is charged to a charging potential of (−) 600 V to (−) 700 V by the operation of the charging roller 2 described above, and can be shifted to the next image forming process again. If the potential remaining on the drum 1 is eliminated by light irradiation or the like (not shown), the surface potential of the photosensitive drum 1 can be made closer to the initial state.
[0030]
Here, the handling of the toner will be described.
[0031]
First, the amount of toner in the storage unit 11 is reduced to a minimum necessary amount that does not hinder the above-described image forming process, and the space of the storage unit 11 is reduced.
[0032]
The toner that decreases with the development is dropped and replenished from the toner transport unit 30 that transports the toner, which will be described in detail later, in the space of the storage unit 11.
[0033]
The toner transport section 30 has a mechanism for transporting toner by toner transport means including an endless coil spring 31, which will be described in detail later. The toner transport section 30 has a structure described in detail later. The structure is such that the toner is circulated and conveyed.
[0034]
Next, the toner circulating transport function will be described.
[0035]
In order to compensate for the toner in the storage unit 11 consumed by the above-described development, a toner replenishing unit that falls by its own weight is disposed in a transport path for circulating the toner, which will be described in detail later. The toner is replenished, circulated and transported, and is dropped and supplied from the toner transport unit 30 to the storage unit 11.
[0036]
Here, the toner replenishing means and the toner transporting means for circulating and transporting the toner will be described with reference to FIG.
[0037]
A part of the toner tank 20 is stretched over the supply roller 13 and the developing roller 12 so that a part thereof extends in the axial direction and is accommodated in the developing device case 17 and an endless coil spring 31 that circulates and transports the toner. Is configured so that it can be freely attached to and detached from the developing device case 17 (the attachment / detachment mechanism is not shown in detail in the drawing), and a predetermined amount of toner is sealed therein. When the toner is consumed, the toner tank 20 is replaced with a new one.
[0038]
A main part of the toner tank 20 is formed in a cylindrical tank case 21 having a bottom at the bottom in the figure, a cover 22 which is fixed above and seals the toner, and the tank case 21 and the cover 22 seal the toner together with the toner. And an agitator 23 having a plurality of blades 23b for stirring the rotatable toner. The endless coil spring 31 that circulates and conveys the toner is freely detachable from a state in which the endless coil spring 31 is accommodated in the developing device case 17. (Attachment / detachment mechanism is not shown in the figure).
[0039]
Regarding the mounting position of the toner tank 20, the outside of the optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, 49K irradiated from the exposure device 40 toward the respective photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K, that is, in FIG. For the developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C, and 10K, the mounting of the toner tank 20Y to the developing unit 10Y is on the front side of the optical path 49Y in the figure, and the mounting of the toner tank 20M for the developing unit 10M is on the rear side of the optical path 49M in the figure. The toner tank 20C is attached to the developing unit 10C at the front side of the optical path 49Y in the figure, and the toner tank 20K is attached to the developing unit 10K at the rear side of the optical path 49K (the toner tank 20M and the toner tank in the figure). 20K is not shown), so-called staggered arrangement is performed, and an effective spatial arrangement avoiding mutual interference is provided.
[0040]
In the color image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment, yellow, magenta, cyan, and black color toners are stored in the respective toner tanks 20Y, 20M, 20C, and 20K, and the developing units 10Y and 10M, respectively. , 10C, and 10K are configured to perform yellow, magenta, cyan, and black color development corresponding to the color toner.
[0041]
On the other hand, in order to drive the endless coil spring 31 that circulates and transports the toner, a driving unit 25 is disposed, and a protruding end is formed in a wedge shape at a part thereof, and a rotatable convex portion 25a is provided at the developing unit. When the toner tank 20 is mounted at a predetermined position and protrudes from the case 17, the wedge-shaped rotatable convex portion 25a and the concave portion 23c formed at one end of one agitator 23 engage to rotate. Driven.
[0042]
As the driving means 25 of the endless coil spring 31 that circulates and conveys the toner, any rotary body that can be engaged with the coil spring 31 can be driven. In the present embodiment, the coil spring 31 is in a stretched state. A helical gear having a torsion angle close to the lead angle is employed to stabilize the engagement relationship with the coil spring 31.
[0043]
The drive means 25 of the endless coil spring 31 is configured to be rotationally driven via a gear 26 by a drive mechanism (not shown).
[0044]
The toner agitated by the rotation of the agitator 23 is an endless endless toner that circulates and conveys the toner through an opening 21a formed in the bottom of the tank case 21 and an opening 17a of the developing device case 17 provided opposite the opening 21a. The opening 21a and the opening 17a are opened / closed (not shown) in conjunction with the attachment / detachment of the toner tank 20 in a configuration in which the coil spring 31 falls by its own weight in the toner circulation / conveying path in which the coil spring 31 is disposed.
[0045]
The toner that has dropped by its own weight in the toner circulating conveyance path in which the coil spring 31 is disposed is circulated and conveyed by the endless coil spring 31 driven by the driving of the driving unit 25 and moves to the upper part of the storage unit 11. Is dropped from its upper part under its own weight and is stored in the toner storage unit 11. Since the toner storage unit 11 is extremely narrow, the toner consumption and supply amount differ depending on the image form. In this case, the toner may not be dropped by its own weight, but may be circulated and conveyed by the coil spring 31, and the fall of the toner from the toner tank 20 may be interrupted. .
[0046]
The above is the main part of the image forming means of the present embodiment, and the developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C and 10K which enable the respective color toner development corresponding to the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C and 1K are described above. The main members such as the supply rollers 13Y, 13M, 13C, and 13K, the developing rollers 12Y, 12M, 12C, and 12K, the regulating members 14Y, 14M, 14C, and 14K, and the endless coil springs 31Y, 31M, 31C, and 31K are used as developing device cases. 17Y, 17M, 17C, and 17K, each of which is unitized and detachably mountable to the main body. At the time of maintenance of the structure, the structure is integrally removed and repaired or replaced.
[0047]
The relationship between each developing unit and the main body is determined by a positioning unit (not shown) and fixed by a fixing unit (not shown).
[0048]
Next, the transfer structure of the present embodiment for transferring the reversal-developed color toner image to the image exposure portions of the respective photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K will be described with reference to FIGS. In the description, the relationship between the photosensitive drum 1Y and the developing unit 10Y is shown as a representative illustration, and the other photosensitive drums and the developing unit are omitted. Although not shown and described, they are applied to the Y, M, C, and K portions, respectively).
[0049]
In the transfer structure of the present embodiment, the color toner image reversely developed on each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K is stretched over a plurality of rollers 82, 83, and 84, and each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, and 1K is stretched. The primary transfer is performed by overlapping the primary transfer portions 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K sequentially on the flexible endless sleeve-like intermediate transfer medium 85 which is driven in contact with the transfer rollers 1C and 1K and moves in the direction of the arrow in FIG. Thus, a primary image is formed, and the primary image is conveyed to the roller 83 by the movement of the intermediate transfer medium 85.
[0050]
On the other hand, in synchronization with the movement of the intermediate transfer medium 85 on which the primary image has been primary-transferred, only the uppermost sheet material among a plurality of sheet materials as recording media stored in the sheet material storage unit 75 is removed. The pickup roller 71 rotating in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1 for picking up, the pair of feeding rollers 72 for feeding the sheet material, and the pair of registration rollers 73 for controlling the feeding timing and the skew of the sheet material are actuated by P in FIG. The sheet material is fed to the sheet material transport path formed along the arrow indicated by.
[0051]
Then, the primary image conveyed by the movement of the fed sheet material and the intermediate transfer medium 85 merges with the sheet material at the secondary transfer portion 90 and stretches the intermediate transfer medium 85 by a pressing mechanism (not shown). Is pressed with a total pressure of several hundred g toward the roller 83 to be driven, and has a DC of 2 to 4 KV having a polarity opposite to that of the color toner image reversely developed on each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C and 1K described in detail later. It is provided with means for applying front and rear biases, and is conveyed to a nip formed by a pressing action of a rotatable transfer roller 81 formed of a conductive or semiconductive elastic material such as rubber, for example. The primary image formed on the intermediate transfer medium 85 at the unit is secondary-transferred onto a synchronously fed sheet material to form a secondary image.
[0052]
Then, the color toner of the primary image remaining after transfer in the secondary transfer is further conveyed toward the roller 84, and is transferred to the intermediate transfer medium 85 by the intermediate transfer medium cleaner 70 disposed opposite to the roller 84. The intermediate transfer medium cleaner 71 that has been pressed is scraped off and stored in the space 72, and the intermediate transfer medium 85 is refreshed so that the above cycle can be repeated again.
[0053]
Here, the color toner image reversely developed on each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K is stretched over a plurality of rollers 82, 83, and 84, and is applied to each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K. The primary transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K sequentially transfer the primary transfer onto the flexible endless sleeve-like intermediate transfer medium 85 which is driven in contact and moves in the direction of the arrow in FIG. The primary transfer for forming an image will be described.
[0054]
1 and 2, at least one of the plurality of rollers 82, 83, 84 has a tension function (not shown) for applying tension to the intermediate transfer medium 85. The intermediate transfer medium 85 is configured to be in contact with each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K by this tension, and is driven by at least one of the plurality of rollers 82, 83, 84. It is structured to be.
[0055]
Then, the intermediate transfer medium 85 in the form of a flexible endless sleeve that moves as shown in FIG. 2 contacts the photosensitive drum 1 via the developed color toner image to form a desired nip. The back surface of the photosensitive drum 1 is opposed to the photosensitive drum 1 and is in sliding contact therewith, and a bias of about DC1 to 3 KV having a polarity opposite to that of the color toner image reversely developed on each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C and 1K is intensively applied. A bias is applied from an electrode 81 formed of, for example, a conductive brush material, a conductive film, a metal material, or the like, and the color toner images are sequentially primary-transferred onto the intermediate transfer medium 85 and moved.
[0056]
In the course of the primary transfer, the color toner images are sequentially superimposed on the primary transfer portions 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K and are primarily transferred onto the intermediate transfer medium 85 to form a primary image. The color toner images successively transferred to the transferred color toner images are superimposed or primary-transferred immediately, and the transfer bias at the time of first transfer and the transfer bias at the time of successive transfer are as follows. In some cases, it is necessary to at least sequentially switch to a high-voltage transfer bias. In this embodiment, the bias voltages applied from the electrodes 81 in the primary transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K are independent bias voltages. Is configured to be settable.
[0057]
Next, the primary image conveyed by the movement of the intermediate transfer medium 85 is synchronously merged with the sheet material fed at the secondary transfer portion 90 and secondarily transferred to the sheet material to form a secondary image, A fixing unit 60 for fixing the sheet material in the process of feeding the sheet material to the sheet material conveyance path formed along the arrow indicated by P in FIG. 1 will be described.
[0058]
The main part of the fixing unit 60 of this embodiment is disposed on the downstream side in the sheet material conveyance direction, and detailed description thereof is omitted, but at least one of the pair of rotatable fixing rollers having a built-in heating element such as a halogen heater is provided. 63, and pressing means for pressing at least one roller of the fixing roller pair 63 to the other side to press the secondary image secondary-transferred onto the sheet material against the sheet material. The secondary-transferred secondary image is fixed on the sheet material at a predetermined temperature at a nip formed by the fixing roller pair 63.
[0059]
Next, the exposing device 40 for performing latent image exposure on each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K will be described with reference to FIG.
[0060]
The main part of the exposure unit 40 includes a motor 41 rotating at a little less than 20,000 rpm, a control circuit board (not shown) for controlling the rotation of the motor 41, and a plurality of semiconductors mounted on an output shaft of the motor 41 and rotating. The rotary polygon mirror 43 that deflects and scans the light beams emitted from the light-emitting elements 42Y, 42M, 42C, and 42K such as lasers to form a plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K, and houses the above main components. Exposure unit cases 44 and 46, which are unitized to form a unit, are not shown in detail, but sandwich a plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K in the front-rear direction in FIG. Engagement of a portion to be positioned with a positioning portion formed on a sub-chassis 100 which is stretched on a main chassis serving as a reference for the internal configuration of the device arranged at a symmetric position (not shown) Thus is positioned at a predetermined position, for example, it is fixed to the sub-chassis 100 by fixing means such as screws 45.
[0061]
The light emitting elements 42Y, 42M, 42C, and 42K such as the plurality of semiconductor lasers and the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K correspond to each other in a relationship as shown in FIG. The light emitting elements 42Y, 42M, 42C, and 42K emit light beams modulated by different image signals, respectively, and the plurality of light beams are reflected at a common position of a rotary polygon mirror 43 rotating in the direction of an arrow in FIG. The light is reflected at 43a, deflected and scanned in different directions, and passes through an fθ lens (not shown) to form a plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K in different directions.
[0062]
In this embodiment, light beams modulated by different image signals emitted from the light emitting elements 42Y, 42M, 42C, and 42K such as a plurality of semiconductor lasers are modulated corresponding to images of different colors. I have.
[0063]
Then, corresponding to the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K in the different directions, respectively, the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K are located at positions on an arc where the optical path lengths are substantially the same. The photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are arranged. Naturally, the scanning widths of the light beams scanned by the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K are also substantially the same.
[0064]
By the way, even if the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K are initially arranged at positions where the optical path lengths of the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, 49K are substantially the same as described above, the apparatus can be used. Due to changes in the temperature and humidity environment inside and outside, the scanning width changes due to a slight change in the length, or the color toner images of the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are transferred onto the intermediate transfer medium 85 by one. When a primary image is formed by successively superimposing and primary-transferring sequentially at the next transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K, there is a case where a relative shift occurs in the primary transfer position and the image quality deteriorates. However, in the present embodiment, in view of this point, even if there is a change in the temperature or humidity environment inside and outside the apparatus, the relative change of the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K having substantially the same length is performed. As a first means for suppressing the Exposure unit cases 44 and 46, which house the essential components of the unit 40 and are unitized, are not shown in detail, but are located at symmetrical positions sandwiching the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K in the front-rear direction in FIG. Positioning is performed at a predetermined position by engagement of a positioning portion (not shown) with a positioning portion formed on a sub-chassis 100 which is stretched on a main chassis serving as a reference of an internal configuration of the arranged device, and is shown in detail in FIG. Such a position, that is, substantially equal to the reflecting surface 43a at the common position of the rotating polygon mirror 43 in the surface direction of the reflecting surface 43a, and substantially equal to the axial direction of the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K. It is fixed to the sub-chassis 100 at a parallel position by a fixing means such as a screw 45, and even if there is a change in temperature or humidity environment inside and outside the apparatus, exposure is performed based on this fixed position. 40 has been made to stretch, the position of the reflecting surface 43a is fixed by the structure unchanged.
[0065]
The position of the portion to be positioned with respect to the positioning unit formed on the sub-chassis 100 and the exposing unit cases 44 and 46 (not shown) does not serve as an expansion / contraction standard, but is preferably located near the screw 45.
[0066]
On the other hand, as the second means, in the present embodiment, the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are connected to the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K in FIG. A main chassis serving as a reference for the internal configuration of the apparatus disposed at the sandwiched symmetrical position and a sub-chassis 100 in which the exposing unit 40 is fixed by being stretched on the main chassis and arranged on a substrate having the same sheet metal structure, If there is a change in the temperature or humidity environment, the positions of the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K are set along the optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, 49K with reference to the position of the reflection surface 43a. The plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K extend and contract at substantially the same length, and of course, the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, and 49C. Scanning width of the scanning light beam 49K also substantially the same scanning width.
[0067]
The above mechanism will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 4. The plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K arranged at the positions shown by solid lines in the figure around the intersections shown by the dashed lines in the figure are When a change in the temperature or humidity environment inside or outside the apparatus occurs, each of the optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K shown in FIG. 4 (the content shown in FIG. 4 shows a state in which the position has changed in the extension direction, but if the position has changed in the direction of contraction, the following description may be reversed). , 1M, 1C, and 1K extend correspondingly, and are in a state shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. In contact with 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K The endless sleeve-like intermediate transfer medium 85 which is moved and moved changes from a state shown by a solid line in the figure to a state shown by a two-dot chain line, that is, a plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K. In this embodiment, at least one of the plurality of rollers 82, 83, 84 shown in FIG. 1 applies tension to the intermediate transfer medium 85. Since the arrangement is provided with a tension function (not shown) to be applied, this tension does not change the state of contact with each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K, including the extension of the intermediate transfer medium 85. Structured.
[0068]
On the other hand, the problem here is that if the positions and outer diameters of the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K change, and the circumference of the intermediate transfer medium 85 in contact with the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K changes to a state requiring a longer circumference, The primary images formed by primary transfer from the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K to the intermediate transfer medium 85 in the primary transfer portions 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K are sequentially superposed on the intermediate transfer medium 85. Although an image is formed that is relatively shifted by an amount corresponding to a longer length, at least one of the rollers 82, 83, and 84 for driving the intermediate transfer medium 85 of the present embodiment also has a temperature or Since there is a corresponding expansion due to the change in the humidity environment, the intermediate transfer medium 85 is driven quickly by the corresponding expansion of the rollers, and the circumferential length of the intermediate transfer medium 85 moving in contact with the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K. Takes a long time Yes configured in a structure in which to cancel the state, in the present embodiment was able to reduce its cancellation remains in the order of a few μm.
[0069]
In the present embodiment, the main chassis and the sub-chassis 100 are arranged on a base having the same sheet metal structure. However, the present invention is not limited to the base having the sheet metal structure. Then, for example, a substrate made of the same material formed of a plastic material impregnated with glass fiber or the like, or a substrate formed of a combination of materials having substantially the same temperature or humidity expansion coefficient may be used.
[0070]
On the other hand, when a primary image is formed by primary transfer from the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K to the intermediate transfer medium 85 in order by primary transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K, a primary transfer is performed. Regarding the relative displacement of the next image in the sub-scanning direction, in addition to the above-described phenomena caused by the change in the temperature and humidity environment, the rotational fluctuation of each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K, and the intermediate transfer medium 85 and In this embodiment, a plurality of rotation jitters and the like latent in the drive system of each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K may cause relative displacement of the primary image in the sub-scanning direction with a specific periodicity. The relative circumferential lengths of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are constituted by lengths of integer ratios including 1, and each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K is formed by a developed color toner image. The middle The length of the intermediate transfer medium 85 between the primary transfer positions at which the primary transfer portions 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K are sequentially superimposed on the transfer medium 85 and primary transfer is performed for the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K. Arrangement at a position that is an integer ratio with the perimeter prevents the accumulation of a phenomenon that causes the relative displacement of the primary image in the sub-scanning direction with the specific periodicity.
[0071]
Regarding the above-described color image forming apparatus of the present embodiment, the points to be noted here are arranged as follows.
[0072]
1). <About the configuration of the entire device>
The configuration of the color image forming apparatus of the present embodiment described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 feeds the sheet material in synchronization with the movement of the intermediate transfer medium 85 on which the primary image is formed, and the primary image is The sheet is synchronously merged with the sheet material at the next transfer portion 90, and is secondary-transferred to the synchronously fed sheet material to form a secondary image. This configuration is suitable for the purpose of lowering the height direction of the entire apparatus. When priority is given to reducing the size in the horizontal direction over the size in the height direction, a plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y are omitted from the drawings. , 1M, 1C, and 1K, the developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C, and 10K, and the intermediate transfer medium 85 are rotated in the opposite directions, and the sheet material is attached to the intermediate transfer medium 85 by, for example, electrostatic attraction. Adsorb the photosensitive drum A sheet conveying means for conveying the sheet from the 1K side to the 1Y side is formed, and a color toner image of a different color developed on the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K without passing through the intermediate transfer medium 85. The images may be formed by sequentially overlapping the primary transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K and transferring them to a sheet material.
[0073]
In this configuration, the intermediate transfer medium 85 does not perform the function of forming the primary image, but functions as a sheet material conveying unit.
[0074]
Similarly, when priority is given to reducing the size in the horizontal direction over the size in the height direction, a plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are arranged in a substantially horizontal direction, although illustration is omitted, and A plurality of developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C, and 10K are respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K, and an exposure unit 40 is similarly provided for the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K. The intermediate transfer medium 85 having the same configuration is arranged below the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K, and is sequentially superimposed on the intermediate transfer medium 85 for primary transfer. A sheet material is fed in synchronization with the movement of the intermediate transfer medium 85 that forms the primary image and conveys the primary image, and is conveyed by the movement of the fed sheet material and the intermediate transfer medium 85. The next image merges synchronously at the secondary transfer site, The secondary image may be secondary-transferred to the periodically fed sheet material to form a secondary image, or the developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C, and 10K and the rotation of the intermediate transfer medium 85 and the like may be formed in the same manner as described above. The sheet material transporting means is configured to rotate the direction in the opposite direction, and to attract the sheet material to the intermediate transfer medium 85 by, for example, an electrostatic attracting means to transport the sheet material from the photosensitive drum 1K side to the 1Y side. Then, color toner images of different colors developed on the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are sequentially superimposed and transferred by the primary transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K without passing through the intermediate transfer medium 85. To form an image.
[0075]
On the other hand, a sheet material transporting means for adsorbing the sheet material to the intermediate transfer medium 85 by, for example, an electrostatic attraction means and transporting the sheet material from the photosensitive drum 1K side to the 1Y side is a preferable example for the sheet material transport. Since the image is formed by sequentially superimposing and transferring images on the sheet material at the primary transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K without passing through the intermediate transfer process, a simple and inexpensive configuration is possible, and yet another configuration is possible. If the configuration is taken as two examples, the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K shown in FIG. 1 and other figures are all configured in a circular shape, and if they are arranged with substantially the same optical path length as described above, The primary transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K are related to each other in a substantially arc shape, and when the sheet material is fed alone toward the primary transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K, the sheet material is Each Although a problem may occur in securing the relative positional relationship between the primary transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K, a description thereof is omitted, but, for example, the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K may be a belt photosensitive member. And the primary transfer portions 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K are linearly related to each other, and the sheet material is fed alone toward the primary transfer portions 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K. Then, it is easy to ensure the relative positional relationship between the sheet material and each of the primary transfer portions 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K, and the structure is simplified, and a less expensive configuration is possible.
[0076]
In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the transport path for feeding the sheet material to the secondary transfer portion 90 is not limited to a function of guiding the sheet material, and no special transport means is constructed. If a sheet material conveying means for adsorbing and conveying a sheet material by a suction means such as electrostatic attraction to a sheet material conveying belt such as 85 is constructed, the sheet material conveyance is stable, and it is possible to cope with high-speed sheet material conveyance. .
[0077]
In any of the above configurations, not only high-speed image formation is possible, but also the light emitting elements 42Y, 42M, 42C, and 42K such as semiconductor lasers correspond to images of different colors by different image signals. The modulated light beams are respectively emitted, and the plurality of light beams are respectively reflected by the reflecting surface 43a at the common position of the rotary polygon mirror 43 and are deflected and scanned in different directions, respectively. Optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K are formed, and the optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K have substantially the same optical path length corresponding to the optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K, respectively. When each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K is disposed at an arc-shaped position having a length corresponding to the length of the light beam, the scanning of the light beams scanned by the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K is performed. The width is also substantially the same scanning width, and a special configuration is not required for forming an image signal. The plurality of light emitting elements 42Y, 42M, 42C, and 42K correspond to images of different colors by different image signals. Despite being modulated, the laser beam can be modulated based on a common data clock frequency, and can be deflected and scanned as in the conventional color image forming apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-51829. Eliminates the need for a plurality of reflection mirrors to guide the beam to the photoreceptor, and further deflects the laser beams by dividing the plurality of laser beams into directions opposite to the first and second deflection directions by different reflecting surfaces of the rotary polygon mirror. A specially high-precision rotating polygon mirror for scanning and preventing color misregistration caused by a relative difference in the sub-scanning direction due to a relative parallel difference of the reflection surface is unnecessary, and the structure is simple and inexpensive. It can be configured color image forming apparatus.
[0078]
2). <Fixing the exposure unit and responding to changes in temperature and humidity environment>
Exposure unit cases 44 and 46, each of which contains a main component of the above-described exposure unit 40 and are formed into a unit, are not shown in detail but are shown in FIG. 1 through a plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K in the front-rear direction. It is positioned at a predetermined position with respect to the sub-chassis 100 stretched on the main chassis, which is a reference for the internal configuration of the device arranged at the sandwiched symmetrical position, and is positioned as shown in detail in FIG. For example, a screw 45 or the like is provided at a position substantially equal to the reflection surface 43a at the common position of the polygon mirror 43 in the surface direction of the reflection surface 43a and substantially parallel to the axial direction of the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K. The exposure unit 40 is fixed to the sub-chassis 100 by fixing means, and even if there is a change in the temperature or humidity environment inside and outside the apparatus, the exposure unit 40 expands and contracts based on this fixing position, and the position of the reflection surface 43a is adjusted. Is fixed by a structure that does not change, and the respective photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K are placed on an arc at a position where the optical path lengths of the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, 49K become substantially the same initially. In this case, the color toner images of the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are transferred onto the intermediate transfer medium 85 by the primary transfer units 80Y, When a primary image is formed by successively superimposing the primary images at 80M, 80C, and 80K to form a primary image, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a relative shift in the primary transfer position and the deterioration of image quality. Stable image formation is possible.
[0079]
Incidentally, the support means in which the position of the reflection surface 43a does not change is specifically illustrated and described as an example, but is not limited to this specific structure. A supporting means that cancels the relative amount of expansion and contraction by a combination of expansion and contraction systems that expand and contract due to changes in temperature and humidity inside and outside the apparatus, such as the sub-chassis 100 and the exposure device cases 44 and 46, and that does not change the position of the reflection surface 43a. It is possible to get.
[0080]
In the above description, the screw 45 is used as a fixing means of the exposure device 40. However, a fixing means such as caulking or welding may be used.
[0081]
3). <Regarding the arrangement of photosensitive drums and changes in temperature and humidity environment>
The plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K of the present embodiment described in detail in FIG. 4 are disposed on a substrate having the same metal plate structure as the sub-chassis 100 to which the exposing device 40 is fixed, and the temperature inside and outside the apparatus is controlled. When there is a change in the humidity environment, the positions of the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are relatively determined along the optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K with reference to the position of the reflection surface 43a. The optical path length of the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K expands and contracts at substantially the same length, and the light beam scanned by the plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K is scanned. The width is also substantially the same scanning width. In forming an image signal, for example, temperature and humidity inside and outside the apparatus are detected, and the detected contents are fed back to the image signal forming means to form an appropriate image signal. Special construction , And the plurality of light emitting elements 42Y, 42M, 42C, 42K are modulated based on a common data clock frequency, though they are modulated by different image signals respectively corresponding to images of different colors. A color image forming apparatus that can be formed, has a simple structure, and is inexpensive can be configured.
[0082]
Further, even if the positions and outer diameters of the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K change, and the circumference of the intermediate transfer medium 85 in contact with the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K needs to be longer, the respective photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M , 1C, and 1K, and the primary images formed by primary transfer on primary transfer portions 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K sequentially on intermediate transfer medium 85 are formed by a plurality of rollers 82 that drive intermediate transfer medium 85. , 83, 84, the intermediate transfer medium 85 is rapidly driven by a corresponding expansion due to a change in temperature or humidity environment, and moves in contact with the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K. The transfer medium 85 is configured so as to cancel a state in which the circumferential length of the transfer medium 85 is long. The remaining amount of the cancel can be reduced to about several μm. Feeling of When the color toner images of the drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are sequentially superimposed on the intermediate transfer medium 85 by the primary transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K to form a primary image, the first step is performed. Stable image formation can be achieved by suppressing the occurrence of a relative shift in the next transfer position and the deterioration of image quality.
[0083]
Here, a specific example of canceling the relative displacement of the primary transfer position even when the positions and the outer diameters of the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K change will be described in detail.
[0084]
The support base that supports the exposure device 40 and the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K has a steel plate structure having a thermal expansion coefficient of 11.6 × 10 −6 / ° C., and each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C and 1K are a plurality of optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K having substantially the same length by forming an aluminum base having a thermal expansion coefficient of 23.1 × 10 −6 / ° C. with an outer diameter of 40 mm. Each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K has a peripheral length (L1 in FIG. 4) that is in contact with the transfer position of the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K. , 1M, 1C, and 1K, the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are arranged at a position that is half of the circumference of 62.8319 mm.
[0085]
On the other hand, the intermediate transfer medium 85 is driven by a roller 83 shown in FIG. 1, and the roller 83 is a steel roller having a thermal expansion coefficient of 11.6 × 10 −6 / ° C. and an outer diameter of 25 mm (perimeter: 25π = 7.58.5398 mm). It is composed of
[0086]
Based on the above detailed structure, at the time of actual color image formation, due to heat generation of a control circuit unit (not shown) arranged inside the apparatus, heat generation of the fixing unit 60 and the like, and a change in the installation environment of the entire apparatus, the initial state is reduced by 35%. Since it is necessary to anticipate a temperature rise of about ° C., a specific mechanism for canceling the relative displacement of the primary transfer position under this temperature rise condition will be described.
[0087]
First, the value that each component changes under the temperature rise condition of 35 ° C. is as follows:
▲ 1 ▼. Photosensitive drum outer diameter 40.0323 mm
▲ 2 ▼. Optical path length: 300.1138mm
(3). Circumferential length of intermediate transfer medium 85 (L2 in FIG. 4) 63.0720 mm
▲ 4 ▼. Roller 83 circumference 78.5398mm
Yes,
A. The change in the circumference of the intermediate transfer medium 85 between the transfer positions between the photosensitive drums 1Y and 1K is as follows.
(63.0720-62.8319) x3 = 0.07203 (mm)
B. The circumferential change of the roller 83 is
78.5717-78.5398 = 0.0319 (mm)
C. Initially, the rotation speed of the roller 83 for moving the intermediate transfer medium 85 between the photosensitive drums 1Y and 1K is:
62.8319X3 / 78.5398 = 2.40000 (rotation)
D. Therefore, the remaining amount of the change in the circumference of the intermediate transfer medium 85 canceled by the change in the circumference of the roller 83 is:
0.07203− (0.0319 × 2.40000) = − 0.00453 (mm)
It is.
[0088]
That is, when the change in the circumferential length of the intermediate transfer medium 85 (lengthened portion) is canceled by the change in the circumferential length of the roller 83 (lengthened portion), the intermediate transfer medium 85 moves faster by 4.5 μm. However, the remaining amount of cancellation has no substantial problem for image formation.
[0089]
Based on the above relationship, the support base that supports the exposure device 40 and the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K is formed of, for example, plastic filled with glass fiber, and the roller 83 is formed of, for example, a stainless steel or brass material. Alternatively, even if it is formed of plastic filled with glass fiber or the like, an approximated similar relationship can be established.
[0090]
In the present embodiment, the main chassis and the sub-chassis 100 are arranged on a base having the same sheet metal structure. However, the present invention is not limited to the base having the sheet metal structure. Then, for example, a substrate made of the same material formed of a plastic material impregnated with glass fiber or the like, or a substrate formed of a combination of materials having substantially the same temperature or humidity expansion coefficient may be used.
[0091]
4). <Replenishing toner to developing section>
As described above, each of the developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C, and 10K in the present embodiment is configured to replenish toner that decreases with development by replacing the toner tank 20, and each of the developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C, and 10K. The 10K only needs to store a minimum amount of toner that does not hinder the image forming process, so that an extremely small configuration is possible, and a plurality of developing units 10Y and 10M as in the color image forming apparatus of the present embodiment. , 10C, and 10K, it is easy to reduce the size of the apparatus, and the amount of toner in the storage unit 11 is kept to a minimum necessary amount that does not hinder the image forming process. Deterioration of toner due to operation is prevented.
[0092]
Further, the toner tank 20 is located outside the optical paths 49Y, 49M, 49C, and 49K irradiated from the exposure device 40 toward the respective photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K, that is, in FIG. With respect to the developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C, and 10K, the mounting of the toner tank 20Y to the developing unit 10Y is on the front side of the optical path 49Y in the figure, and the mounting of the toner tank 20M on the developing unit 10M is on the rear side of the optical path 49M in the figure. The toner tank 20C is attached to the developing unit 10C at the front of the optical path 49Y in the figure, and the toner tank 20K is attached to the developing unit 10K at the rear of the optical path 49K (the toner tank 20M and the toner tank 20K in the figure). Is a so-called staggered arrangement, not shown, and is arranged in an effective space avoiding mutual interference. Similarly, the color image forming apparatus of this embodiment In the configuration in which the plurality of developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C, and 10K are arranged as described above, not only the size of the apparatus is easily reduced, but also the toner tank 20 is arranged in a so-called zigzag arrangement (not shown), so that the toner tank 20 can be attached and detached. Operability has been improved.
[0093]
In the color image forming apparatus of this embodiment, each of the toner tanks 20Y, 20M, 20C, and 20K contains yellow, magenta, cyan, and black color toners, respectively, and each of the developing units 10Y, 10M, and 10C. , 10K are configured to carry out color development of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black corresponding to the color toner. Since the respective toner tanks 20Y, 20M, 20C, and 20K can be exchanged independently, the consumed yellow is used. Even if the color toners of magenta, magenta, cyan and black are not uniformly consumed, the toner can be efficiently replenished.
[0094]
The developing units 10Y, 10M, 10C, and 10K that enable the development of the respective color toners corresponding to the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K correspond to the supply rollers 13Y, 13M, 13C, and 13K described above. Main units such as 12Y, 12M, 12C, 12K, regulating members 14Y, 14M, 14C, 14K and endless coil springs 31Y, 31M, 31C, 31K are housed in developing device cases 17Y, 17M, 17C, 17K, respectively. It is configured to be detachable from the main body, and is configured to be detached and repaired or replaced at the time of maintenance of the above-mentioned structural part, which is excellent in operability.
[0095]
5). <Relationship between photosensitive drum and intermediate transfer medium>
As described above, in the relationship between the photosensitive drum and the intermediate transfer medium according to the present embodiment, the relative circumference of the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K is configured to have a length of an integer ratio including 1, and Each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K is a primary transfer position where the developed color toner image is sequentially primary-transferred onto the intermediate transfer medium 85 by primary transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K. Each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C is disposed at a position where the peripheral length (L1 in FIG. 4) of the intermediate transfer medium 85 between the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K is an integer ratio. , 1K, and a relative periodicity in the sub-scanning direction of a primary image having a specific periodicity caused by rotational jitter and the like latent in the drive system of the intermediate transfer medium 85 and the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K. Because it prevents the accumulation of misalignments. The relative displacement of the primary image can stable image formation by suppressing a slight amount.
[0096]
On the other hand, the relationship between the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K is shown in FIG. 1 with a common size. If the length is constituted by the length, the above relationship is satisfied, and the illustration is omitted, but only the circumference of the photosensitive drum 1K on which the black toner is developed in FIG. 1 is determined by the length of the other photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C. If the length is an integer ratio with respect to the circumference, the life of the photosensitive drum 1K is long even if the black toner image is used relatively frequently during actual use. It is also possible to set the life to be close to 1M and 1C.
[0097]
6). <About transfer bias application to intermediate transfer medium>
As described above, the transfer bias applying structure to the intermediate transfer medium of the present embodiment has a DC1 having a polarity opposite to that of the color toner image reversely developed on the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K from the back of the intermediate transfer medium 85. A bias is applied by sliding contact of an electrode 81 formed of, for example, a conductive brush material, a conductive film, or a metal material, which is provided with a means for intensively applying a bias of about 3 KV, and the intermediate transfer of the color toner images is successively performed. The bias application structure for the primary transfer onto the medium 85 is not only simple and inexpensive, but also can be configured inexpensively. In addition, for example, there is no generation of ozone as in a structure in which a bias is applied by a corona discharger, and the use environment is improved.
[0098]
Further, the configuration in which the bias is applied from the electrode 81 formed of, for example, a conductive brush material, a conductive film, or a metal material is suitable for intensively applying a bias. When the primary transfer is performed on the transfer medium 85, the scattering phenomenon of the color toner image is small, and a stable primary image can be formed.
[0099]
On the other hand, the bias voltages applied from the electrodes 81 in the primary transfer units 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K can be set to independent bias voltages, respectively. Even if the primary image is formed on the intermediate transfer medium 85 by being sequentially superimposed on the primary transfer portions 80Y, 80M, 80C, and 80K to form a primary image, the primary image is successively transferred to the first transferred color toner image. It is easy to transfer color toner images with appropriate bias voltages, and the transfer bias at the time of first transfer and the transfer bias at the time of successive transfer are at least sequentially high voltage transfer bias. Can be easily performed, and a stable primary image can be formed.
[0100]
7). <About the unit structure of the intermediate transfer medium and the photosensitive drum>
The photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are stretched over a plurality of rollers 82, 83, and 84, are driven in contact with the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K, and move in the direction of the arrow in FIG. If the intermediate transfer medium 85 in the form of an endless sleeve having flexibility is unitized and configured to be detachable from the main body, at the time of maintenance of each of the photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K and the intermediate transfer medium 85, It is convenient to take it out integrally for repair or replacement, and to stably maintain the relative positional relationship and drive relationship between the intermediate transfer medium 85 and the plurality of photosensitive drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K.
[0101]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the scanning width of a laser beam scanned by a plurality of optical paths is substantially the same, and a plurality of laser beams can be formed without requiring a special configuration for forming an image signal. Although the light sources are modulated by different image signals, they can be modulated based on a common data clock frequency, and eliminate the need for multiple reflection mirrors to guide multiple laser beams to the photoconductor, Furthermore, a rotating polygon mirror specially configured with high precision is not required, and a simple and high-speed inexpensive color image forming apparatus can be configured.
[0102]
Further, not only is the structure simple and effective for miniaturization, but also a more inexpensive configuration is possible. Further, the sheet material conveyance is stable, and the relative positional relationship between the sheet material and the photoconductor is easily secured, the relative positional relationship between the toner images to be sequentially transferred and superimposed is stabilized, and stable image formation without color shift is possible. It is. On the other hand, not only is it possible to improve the degree of freedom of the layout of the main parts of the entire apparatus and to make the entire apparatus compact, but also to eliminate the need for a plurality of reflection mirrors for guiding a plurality of laser beams to the photoconductor, Furthermore, a plurality of laser beams are divided by the different reflecting surfaces of the rotary polygon mirror in directions opposite to the first deflection direction and the second deflection direction, and the laser beams are deflected and scanned. A specially high-precision rotating polygon mirror for preventing color misregistration caused by the relative difference between the two is unnecessary, and a high-speed and inexpensive color image forming apparatus with a simple structure can be constructed.
[0105]
Further, according to the present invention, even if there is a change in the temperature or humidity environment inside and outside the apparatus, the position of the reflection surface is supported and fixed by the support means that does not change, and the optical path lengths of the plurality of laser beams are initially reduced. By arranging each photoconductor at a position of approximately the same length, even if there is a change in the temperature or humidity environment inside and outside the device, the toner images developed on multiple photoconductors can be recorded on the recording medium. When an image is formed by sequentially transferring images in a superimposed manner, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a relative shift in the transfer position and to reduce the image quality, thereby enabling stable image formation.
[0106]
Further, according to the present invention, even when there is a change in the temperature and humidity environment inside and outside the apparatus, the toner images developed on a plurality of photoconductors are sequentially superimposed on a recording medium and transferred to form an image. In addition, stable image formation can be achieved by suppressing a relative shift from occurring in the transfer position and thereby lowering the image quality.
[0107]
Further, according to the present invention, when there is a change in the temperature or humidity environment inside and outside the apparatus, the position of each photoconductor is adjusted based on the above-mentioned position of the reflection surface so that each laser beam is applied to the photoconductor. It is a structure that expands and contracts relatively along the optical path that reaches it, and the optical path length of each laser beam reaching the photoconductor expands and contracts by almost the same length, and multiple laser beams scan on the optical path that reaches the photoconductor. The scanning width of the laser beam thus obtained is also substantially the same scanning width. In forming an image signal, for example, the temperature and humidity inside and outside the apparatus are detected, and the detected content is fed back to the image signal forming means to obtain an appropriate image. Without the need for a special configuration such as signal formation, the laser light sources can be modulated and formed based on a common data clock frequency, even though they are modulated by different image signals, respectively. Easy and cheap Be a color image forming apparatus.
[0108]
Further, according to the present invention, the primary image in the sub-scanning direction having a specific periodicity caused by rotational shake of each photosensitive member, rotational jitter latent in the intermediate transfer medium and the drive system of each photosensitive member, and the like. To prevent the relative deviation of the primary images from being accumulated, even if there is a rotational shake of each photosensitive member and a rotational jitter latent in the intermediate transfer medium and the drive system of each photosensitive member. Stable image formation can be achieved by suppressing the displacement to a small amount.
[0109]
Further, in the relationship between a plurality of photoconductors, if the relative perimeter of this size is constituted by a length of an integer ratio including 1, the above relationship is satisfied, and If only the circumference of the photoconductor on which the toner is developed at a high operation rate is configured to have an integer ratio to the circumference of the other photoconductors, the other photoconductors can be used in practical use. It is also possible to set the life to be similar to
[0110]
Further, according to the present invention, not only can a bias applying structure for sequentially transferring a toner image onto an intermediate transfer medium in a primary manner be simple and inexpensive, but also a bias applying structure such as a corona discharger can be used. Not only is the use environment improved without the generation of ozone, but also the above configuration is suitable for applying a bias intensively. In the case where the toner images are sequentially primary-transferred onto the intermediate transfer medium sequentially, In addition, it is possible to form a stable primary image with little toner image scattering.
[0111]
Further, according to the present invention, during maintenance of each photoconductor and the intermediate transfer medium, it is convenient to take out and repair or replace it integrally, as well as the relative positional relationship between the intermediate transfer medium and the plurality of photosensitive drums and The driving relationship can be stably maintained.
[0112]
As described above, the present invention has many practical effects, and the practical effects are extremely large.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the entire configuration of a color image forming apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a development, in which a part of a development part of the color image forming apparatus of the present invention is enlarged and illustrated.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a main part of the exposure device of the color image forming apparatus of the present invention, showing a main part of the exposure device.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a photoconductor arrangement for explaining an arrangement relationship of photoconductors in the color image forming apparatus of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K photosensitive drum
2Y, 2M, 2C, 2K charging roller
10Y, 10M, 10C, 10K developing section
20Y, 20M, 20C, 20K Toner tank
30 Toner transport section
31 coil spring
40 exposure unit
42Y, 42M, 42C, 42K light emitting device
49Y, 49M, 49C, 49K Optical path
60 Fixing unit
80Y, 80M, 80C, 80K Primary transfer unit
72, 73, 74 drive roller
81 Transfer Roller
85 Intermediate transfer medium
82, 83, 84 rollers

Claims (1)

露光手段より複数の感光体のそれぞれに異なる画像信号により変調されたレーザビームを偏向走査して露光し形成された潜像にトナー像を現像手段により現像するカラー画像形成装置において、
前記露光手段は、それぞれ異なる画像信号により変調されたレーザビームを射出する複数のレーザ光源と前記複数のレーザ光源から射出されるそれぞれのレーザビームを共通位置の反射面で異なる方向に反射して偏向走査する1つの回転多面鏡とを有し、
前記複数の感光体は、前記回転多面鏡の共通位置の反射面から光路長が略同一となる円弧上位置に配置すると共に、
前記複数の感光体の軸方向と略平行な位置を前記露光手段の固定位置とすることを特徴とするカラー画像形成装置。
In a color image forming apparatus that develops a toner image on a latent image formed by deflecting and scanning a laser beam modulated by a different image signal on each of a plurality of photoconductors from an exposure unit by a development unit,
The exposure means is configured to reflect a plurality of laser light sources that emit laser beams modulated by different image signals, and to deflect the respective laser beams emitted from the plurality of laser light sources by reflecting the laser beams in different directions on a reflection surface at a common position. One rotating polygon mirror for scanning,
The plurality of photoconductors are arranged at positions on the arc where the optical path lengths are substantially the same from the reflection surface at the common position of the rotary polygon mirror,
A color image forming apparatus, wherein a position substantially parallel to an axial direction of the plurality of photoconductors is a fixed position of the exposure unit.
JP11496995A 1995-05-12 1995-05-12 Color image forming equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3589249B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11496995A JP3589249B2 (en) 1995-05-12 1995-05-12 Color image forming equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11496995A JP3589249B2 (en) 1995-05-12 1995-05-12 Color image forming equipment

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JP2001352646A Division JP3589295B2 (en) 2001-11-19 2001-11-19 Image forming apparatus and exposure apparatus
JP2001352645A Division JP3589294B2 (en) 2001-11-19 2001-11-19 Image forming device
JP2001352647A Division JP2002196559A (en) 2001-11-19 2001-11-19 Image forming device

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JP3589249B2 true JP3589249B2 (en) 2004-11-17

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JP2002144633A (en) 2000-11-10 2002-05-22 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Color imaging apparatus
US6799011B2 (en) 2001-11-05 2004-09-28 Seiko Epson Corporation Tandem-type color image forming apparatus
US7218883B2 (en) 2001-11-27 2007-05-15 Seiko Epson Corporation Image forming apparatus
US20030112316A1 (en) * 2001-11-27 2003-06-19 Seiko Epson Corporation Image forming apparatus
US7136613B2 (en) 2003-03-10 2006-11-14 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Multicolor image forming apparatus and image making device

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