JP3582725B2 - Airtight joining members and joining methods - Google Patents

Airtight joining members and joining methods Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3582725B2
JP3582725B2 JP2001229834A JP2001229834A JP3582725B2 JP 3582725 B2 JP3582725 B2 JP 3582725B2 JP 2001229834 A JP2001229834 A JP 2001229834A JP 2001229834 A JP2001229834 A JP 2001229834A JP 3582725 B2 JP3582725 B2 JP 3582725B2
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Prior art keywords
airtight
vacuum
rubber
joining
hermetic
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JP2001229834A
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JP2003044053A (en
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嘉宏 塩谷
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嘉宏 塩谷
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、真空防音断熱材の外周部の気密接合に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
魔法瓶、真空ポットなどの外周部分の接合の殆どは溶接が用いられている。しかし、真空防音パネルなどの大面積の真空体に使用すると溶接長が長くなり、気密溶接は複雑な作業が必要で価格が高くなり過ぎて特殊用途には使用が可能であるが、汎用品としては使用できない。一方、ゴムを気密材間に挟持する場合、長さが長くなると蛇行して所定位置に配置することに時間がかかるなど真空体の気密化の生産性が悪い。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
解決しようとする問題点は、真空を保持するための方法の生産性が悪い点である。
【0004】
真空体の外周部の気密接合において、ゴム状弾性体を用いた紐状の気密接合材の一面に連続した溝を設けて、硬質な線状材をこの溝に嵌合させることにより、容易に真空体の外周形状に沿って配置する方法、塑性変形する粘着性のある未加硫ゴムを気密材間に挟持し押圧して密着させて気密接合する方法、を用いることにより常温下の挟持と押圧作業による安価な気密接合を可能とする。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
具体的には、気密接合材の真空層側にガス不透過材を張って真空圧の低下を防止することを共通条件とし、ゴム状弾性体に真空体の形状に合わせた形状保持材を嵌合した気密接合材を気密材間に挟持する方法、低弾性のゴム状弾性体の形状追従性と粘着性を利用した気密接合材を気密材間に挟持する方法、溝型の押圧材にゴム状弾性体を挟持した気密材を嵌合する方法がある。
【0006】
形状保持材とスペーサーは硬質プラスチックや金属を用いる。断面形状は、円形・矩形・T型などの特殊な形状、また無垢材の他、パイプ状にしたものを用いる。
【0007】
気密材の材料は、鉄・アルミニュ−ム・ステンレス・アモルファス合金・制振合金などの金属の他、金属箔にプラスチックやガラス・カーボン等の繊維で補強した複合材を用いる。
ガス不透過材は金属箔・金属箔のプラスチックラミネート材・プラスチックへの金属の蒸着材等を用いる。
【0008】
【実施例】
図1(a)は、真空体1の断面斜視図で表裏の気密材2の周囲に気密接合部3を挟持したものである。図1(b) の気密接合材4は、大きな真空体に気密接合材を配置するとき、ゴム状弾性体だけでは柔らかいため伸縮したり曲がったりして所定位置に全体を留付けることの作業性が悪い。
【0009】
これに対し、真空体の大きさに合わせた硬質な材料からなる形状保持材6と、ガス不透過材8を真空層側に張った背面に凹み7のあるゴム状弾性体5の凹み7に形状保持材6を嵌合させて用いるものである。
【0010】
このような気密接合部材を用いると、全体の大きさが形状保持材6で固定されるため、真空体に配設後コーナーを接着剤などで仮止めすれば辺中央部のズレを補正する程度で所定位置に容易にセットでき、前記問題点を改善し作業性を向上させることができる。
【0011】
図1(c)は、真空体が大きくなって、図1(b)の形状保持材6では気密接合部材の全体の形状保持ができない場合の形状例で、形状保持材9を断面略T型にして縦横方向に曲がりにくくしたものである。ゴム状弾性体10には形状保持材の嵌合形状に合わせた凹み11を背面に設けてある。
【0012】
又、ゴム状弾性体だけでは真空体の大きさが変わるとゴム状弾性体に作用する力が大きく変化し、真空体の厚みが大きさによって変わってしまう場合があるが、T型のようにゴム状弾性体から外に出る部分の高さを、真空体厚になる寸法にして気密材をゴム状弾性体より外側に伸ばしておくことにより、大きさに左右されずに一定の厚みの真空体が得られる。
尚、図1(c)は、真空引き前の状態で、真空引き後は点線位置までゴム状弾性体が圧縮され気密材と接触して押圧状態となる。
【0013】
図2(a)は、気密接合材12と真空体の気密材間の気密性を良くするためのもので、真空層に面する側のゴム状弾性体13の端部に連続した小突起14を一体成形している。小突起の高さは1mm程度以下で、その先端までの全面にガス不透過材15が張られている。断面形状は矩形、三角形、半円形等を用いる。真空側面は平面又は緩やかな曲面としている。
【0014】
図2(b)は、図2(a)の気密接合材12を気密材16間に挟持した状態を示しており、小突起14部分は気密材16により押圧されるため、ガス不透過材12と気密材16間の隙間をなくすることができ、高い気密性が保持できる。小突起14部分は押圧されて潰れ、その分近接部17が膨らんでいる。
ボルト18は真空体の真空引き時の気密性を保持するための一時的な押圧材として、気密接合材の外側に気密材を貫通して取り付けている。
【0015】
図3の気密接合材は、低硬度ゴム・塑性変形するゴム・ゲル状物等の低弾性のゴム状弾性体を用い、これら材料の変形追従性および粘着性を利用して気密接合に利用するものである。
図3(a) の気密接合材19は、略平板状の粘着性があり塑性変形する未加硫ゴム20の表裏に所定幅を残して三面にガス不透過材21を張り、気密材の所定位置に押圧するだけで未加硫ゴムの粘着性により、仮止め状態となるため作業性がよい。
【0016】
図3(b) の気密接合材22は、低弾性のゴム状弾性体23の両端を残してガス不透過材24を角パイプの形状保持材25の周囲に張ったもので、気密材の間隔が広く低弾性のゴム状弾性体だけでは厚みに対応できない場合に用いる。
【0017】
図3(c)の気密接合材26は、粘着性があり塑性変形する肉厚の未加硫ゴム27の三面全面にガス不透過材28を張ったもので、押圧されると同未加硫ゴム27が押圧の程度に応じて開放側29からはみ出し、はみ出した部分が気密材と接着して気密性を保持する。
【0018】
図3(d)は、図3(c)の気密接合材を使用した気密接合状態を示すもので、真空層側のガス不透過材31は押圧された状態で気密材32に密接し、背部の未加硫ゴム部30は押圧により開放側からはみ出し、所定厚の真空体にするためのスペーサー33に接触するまで押圧され、気密材32と密着状態となって気密接合となるものである。尚、スペーサーは、押圧される未加硫ゴム背部の空気抜き用の凹みや孔を必要箇所に設ける。
【0019】
図3(e)は、片側を真空体の形状を保持する気密材34とし、片側に薄い気密材35を用いた場合の気密接合実施例で、気密材34,35間に図3(a)又は 図3(c)の気密接合材36と気密接合材36の厚みを確保するためのスペーサー40を挟時している。薄い気密材35の端部は形状を保持する気密材34の縁端を曲折した曲折片37に、溶接や接着で一体化したものである。
【0020】
この状態では、まだ低弾性のゴム状弾性体39は完全には気密材と密着していないが、真空引きにより薄い気密材35に大気圧による引張力が作用すると、気密材34,35に押圧されて完全に密着し気密接合となる。ゴム状弾性体39の背面空気は、未溶接部や未接着部を設けて隙間から排出する。
【0021】
図4は気密接合の他の態様で、気密接合材41は図2(a) に形状保持材46を嵌合したものを使用した場合を示しており、真空層側にガス不透過材43を張ったゴム状弾性体42の両側に気密材44を配し、その外側に両側の気密材44を押圧する内径の断面略コ形の押圧材45を嵌合したものである。押圧材45は嵌合しやすいように先端を薄くして挿入幅を広くしている。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
真空体製造時の作業性については、真空体の大きさに合わせた所定形状の気密接合材を、片側の気密材に仮留めした後、他側の気密材を押圧するだけの簡単な方法が可能となる気密接合材である。
【0023】
ゴム状弾性体は他材に対して形状追従性が高いため、スペーサーや気密材の曲がりや材料の寸法精度に左右されずに気密材と密着し接合する。又、気密材にガラスを用い間隔を1mm以下にするような場合、他の材料では扱い難くセッティングなど製作時に手間がかかる。
【0024】
これに対し、塑性変形するゴム状弾性体を用いると押圧する力によって大きく厚みを変えることが出来るため、取り扱いやすい厚みにして気密材間に挟持後、押圧するだけでスペーサーなど所定の厚みにすることが出来る。
【0025】
その結果、溶接に比べると作業性が向上して大幅なコストダウンができ、真空防音材や真空断熱材など汎用品の商品化を可能とするものである。
また、真空防音材においては、気密材間にゴム状弾性体が挟持されるため、音の伝達減衰が得られ高性能な防音材となる。
【0026】
気密接合の性能面においては、長期間に真空圧が低下する要素としては、ガスの材料透過、気密材と気密接合材との接触面からの漏れ、材料からのガスの放出がある。
【0027】
ガスの材料透過については、真空層側にガス不透過材を張ってゴム状弾性体からの透過をなくしている。
気密材と気密接合材との接触面からの漏れについては、大面積の真空体では大気圧荷重による気密材の押圧により、又、小面積の場合は塑性変形して密着するゴム状弾性体を使用したり、図4のように外側の押圧部材により押圧して密着させるため、真空防音断熱材が必要とする中真空以下の領域では漏れは非常に小さく、長期においても性能に支障のある真空度の低下はない。
【0028】
材料からのガスの放出については、ガス不透過材の材料は金属又は真空層側に金属が面しているプラスチックの片面ラミネートであるため放出量は非常に少ない。
そのため、中真空度以下で使用する真空体の気密性能については、真空度を長期間維持できるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】真空体の断面斜視図、及び気密接合材の断面斜視図
【図2】気密接合材の断面斜視図
【図3】気密接合材と使用例の断面斜視図
【図4】押圧材を用いた気密接合材使用時の断面斜視図
【符号の説明】
1:真空体 2:気密材 3:気密接合材
4:気密接合材 5:ゴム状弾性体 6:形状保持材
7:凹み 8:ガス不透過材 9:形状保持材
10:ゴム状弾性体 11:凹み 12:気密接合材
13:ゴム状弾性体 14:小突起 15:ガス不透過材
16:気密材 18:ボルト 19:気密接合材
20:未加硫ゴム 21:ガス不透過材 22:気密接合材
23:ゴム状弾性体 24:ガス不透過材 25:角パイプ
26:気密接合材 27:未加硫ゴム 28:ガス不透過材
30:未加硫ゴム 31:ガス不透過材 32:気密材
34:気密材 35:気密材
36:気密接合材 37:曲折片 38:ガス不透過材
39:ゴム状弾性体 40:スペーサー 41:気密接合材 42:形状保持材 43:ガス不透過材 44:気密材
45:押圧材 46:形状保持材
[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to hermetic joining of an outer peripheral portion of a vacuum soundproof and heat insulating material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Most of the outer peripheral portions of a thermos, a vacuum pot and the like are joined by welding. However, if it is used for a large-area vacuum body such as a vacuum soundproof panel, the welding length will be long, and hermetic welding will require complicated work and will be too expensive, so it can be used for special applications. Cannot be used. On the other hand, when the rubber is sandwiched between the hermetic materials, if the length is long, it takes time to meander and dispose it at a predetermined position, so that the productivity of hermetic sealing of the vacuum body is poor.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem to be solved is the poor productivity of the method for maintaining vacuum.
[0004]
In the hermetic joining of the outer peripheral portion of the vacuum body, a continuous groove is provided on one surface of a string-like hermetic joining material using a rubber-like elastic body, and a hard linear material is fitted into this groove, so that it can be easily formed. By using a method of arranging along the outer peripheral shape of the vacuum body, a method of sandwiching plastic undesired unvulcanized rubber that is plastically deformed between hermetic materials, pressing it and making it adhere tightly, Inexpensive airtight joining by pressing work is enabled.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Specifically, a gas impermeable material is stretched on the vacuum layer side of the hermetic bonding material to prevent a reduction in vacuum pressure, and a rubber-like elastic body is fitted with a shape maintaining material adapted to the shape of the vacuum body. A method of sandwiching the combined hermetic bonding material between the hermetic materials, a method of sandwiching the hermetic bonding material between the hermetic materials using the shape following property and adhesiveness of the low elastic rubber-like elastic body, and a rubber having a groove-type pressing material. There is a method of fitting an airtight material sandwiching the elastic body.
[0006]
Hard plastic or metal is used for the shape maintaining material and the spacer. As the cross-sectional shape, a special shape such as a circular shape, a rectangular shape, or a T shape, a solid material, or a pipe shape is used.
[0007]
As a material of the airtight material, in addition to metals such as iron, aluminum, stainless steel, amorphous alloy, and vibration damping alloy, a composite material in which metal foil is reinforced with plastic, glass, carbon, or another fiber is used.
As the gas impermeable material, a metal foil, a plastic laminate of a metal foil, a metal vapor deposition material on plastic, or the like is used.
[0008]
【Example】
FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional perspective view of a vacuum body 1 in which an airtight joint 3 is sandwiched around an airtight material 2 on both sides. When the hermetic bonding material 4 of FIG. 1 (b) is arranged in a large vacuum body, the rubber-like elastic body alone is soft, so that it can be expanded and contracted or bent to secure the entirety in a predetermined position. Is bad.
[0009]
On the other hand, the shape holding material 6 made of a hard material according to the size of the vacuum body and the recess 7 of the rubber-like elastic body 5 having the recess 7 on the back surface with the gas impermeable material 8 stretched toward the vacuum layer side. The shape holding material 6 is fitted and used.
[0010]
When such an airtight joining member is used, the entire size is fixed by the shape holding material 6, so that if the corners are temporarily fixed with an adhesive or the like after the arrangement in the vacuum body, the deviation of the center of the side is corrected. Thus, the above-mentioned problem can be solved and workability can be improved.
[0011]
FIG. 1 (c) is an example of a shape in which the vacuum body becomes large and the shape holding material 6 of FIG. 1 (b) cannot hold the entire shape of the hermetic joining member. This makes it hard to bend in the vertical and horizontal directions. The rubber-like elastic body 10 is provided with a recess 11 on the back surface that matches the shape of the shape retaining material.
[0012]
Also, when the size of the vacuum body changes only with the rubber-like elastic body, the force acting on the rubber-like elastic body greatly changes, and the thickness of the vacuum body may change depending on the size. By setting the height of the part that goes out of the rubber-like elastic body to the size that makes the vacuum body thick, and extending the hermetic material outside the rubber-like elastic body, the vacuum of a certain thickness is independent of the size. The body is obtained.
FIG. 1 (c) shows a state before vacuuming, and after vacuuming, the rubber-like elastic body is compressed to a dotted line position and comes into contact with the airtight material to be pressed.
[0013]
FIG. 2 (a) is for improving the airtightness between the airtight bonding material 12 and the airtight material of the vacuum body, and is provided with a small projection 14 connected to the end of the rubber-like elastic body 13 on the side facing the vacuum layer. Is integrally molded. The height of the small projection is about 1 mm or less, and the gas impermeable material 15 is stretched over the entire surface up to the tip. A rectangular, triangular, semicircular, or the like is used as the cross-sectional shape. The vacuum side surface is a flat surface or a gentle curved surface.
[0014]
FIG. 2B shows a state in which the hermetic bonding material 12 of FIG. 2A is sandwiched between hermetic materials 16. Since the small projections 14 are pressed by the hermetic material 16, the gas impermeable material 12 is pressed. And the airtight material 16 can be eliminated, and high airtightness can be maintained. The small protrusion 14 is pressed and crushed, and the proximity portion 17 is swelled accordingly.
The bolt 18 is attached to the outside of the hermetic bonding material by penetrating the hermetic material as a temporary pressing material for maintaining the hermeticity of the vacuum body during evacuation.
[0015]
The hermetic joining material of FIG. 3 uses a low-elastic rubber-like elastic material such as low-hardness rubber, a plastically deformable rubber or a gel-like material, and is used for hermetic joining by utilizing the deformation followability and adhesiveness of these materials. Things.
3 (a), a gas-impermeable material 21 is stretched on three surfaces, leaving a predetermined width on the front and back sides of an unvulcanized rubber 20 which is substantially flat and has sticky and plastic deformation. The workability is good because it is in a temporarily fixed state due to the adhesiveness of the unvulcanized rubber just by pressing to the position.
[0016]
The airtight joining material 22 shown in FIG. 3B is a material in which a gas-impermeable material 24 is stretched around a shape retaining material 25 of a square pipe while leaving both ends of a low elastic rubber-like elastic body 23. It is used when the thickness cannot be accommodated with only a rubber-like elastic material having a low elasticity.
[0017]
The airtight joining material 26 shown in FIG. 3C has a gas-impermeable material 28 spread over all three surfaces of an unvulcanized rubber 27 having a thickness that is sticky and plastically deforms. The rubber 27 protrudes from the open side 29 according to the degree of pressing, and the protruding portion adheres to the airtight material to maintain airtightness.
[0018]
FIG. 3D shows a hermetic bonding state using the hermetic bonding material of FIG. 3C. The gas impermeable material 31 on the vacuum layer side is in close contact with the hermetic material 32 in a pressed state. The unvulcanized rubber portion 30 protrudes from the open side by pressing and is pressed until it comes into contact with a spacer 33 for forming a vacuum body having a predetermined thickness, and is brought into close contact with the airtight material 32 to form an airtight joint. The spacer is provided with a recess or a hole for releasing air from the back of the unvulcanized rubber to be pressed at a required position.
[0019]
FIG. 3 (e) shows an airtight joining example in which one side is an airtight material 34 for maintaining the shape of a vacuum body, and a thin airtight material 35 is used on one side, and FIG. Alternatively, a spacer 40 for securing the thickness of the hermetic bonding material 36 and the hermetic bonding material 36 shown in FIG. The end of the thin airtight material 35 is integrated with a bent piece 37 obtained by bending the edge of the airtight material 34 that retains its shape by welding or bonding.
[0020]
In this state, the low elasticity rubber-like elastic body 39 has not yet completely adhered to the airtight material, but when a tensile force due to atmospheric pressure acts on the thin airtight material 35 by vacuuming, the airtight materials 34 and 35 are pressed. It is completely adhered and air-tightly joined. The back air of the rubber-like elastic body 39 is discharged from the gap by providing an unwelded portion or an unbonded portion.
[0021]
FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the airtight joining, in which the airtight joining material 41 uses a shape fitting material 46 fitted in FIG. 2 (a), and a gas impermeable material 43 is provided on the vacuum layer side. An airtight material 44 is disposed on both sides of the stretched rubber-like elastic body 42, and a pressing material 45 having a substantially U-shaped cross section with an inner diameter for pressing the airtight materials 44 on both sides is fitted on the outside thereof. The pressing member 45 has a thin tip and a wide insertion width for easy fitting.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
Regarding the workability at the time of manufacturing the vacuum body, there is a simple method of temporarily fixing the airtight bonding material of a predetermined shape according to the size of the vacuum body to the airtight material on one side and then pressing the airtight material on the other side. This is a possible hermetic bonding material.
[0023]
Since the rubber-like elastic body has a high shape-following property with respect to other materials, the rubber-like elastic body adheres and bonds to the airtight material without being affected by the bending of the spacer or the airtight material or the dimensional accuracy of the material. Further, when glass is used as an airtight material and the interval is set to 1 mm or less, it is difficult to handle with other materials, and it takes time to manufacture such as setting.
[0024]
On the other hand, if a rubber-like elastic body that undergoes plastic deformation is used, the thickness can be greatly changed by the pressing force. I can do it.
[0025]
As a result, workability is improved as compared with welding, so that cost can be significantly reduced, and commercial products such as vacuum sound insulation materials and vacuum insulation materials can be commercialized.
Further, in the vacuum soundproofing material, since the rubber-like elastic body is sandwiched between the airtight materials, sound transmission attenuation is obtained, and the high-performance soundproofing material is obtained.
[0026]
In terms of the performance of the hermetic bonding, factors that reduce the vacuum pressure for a long period include material permeation of gas, leakage from the contact surface between the hermetic material and the hermetic bonding material, and release of gas from the material.
[0027]
Regarding gas permeation, a gas impermeable material is provided on the vacuum layer side to eliminate permeation from the rubber-like elastic body.
Regarding leakage from the contact surface between the hermetic material and the hermetic bonding material, the rubber-like elastic body that adheres by pressing the hermetic material by the atmospheric pressure load in a large-area vacuum body and plastically deforming in the case of a small-area vacuum body Because of the use or pressure by the outer pressing member as shown in Fig. 4, the leak is very small in the area below the medium vacuum required by the vacuum sound insulating material, and the vacuum which does not hinder the performance even in the long term There is no decrease in degree.
[0028]
Regarding the release of gas from the material, the amount of release of the gas impermeable material is very small because the material of the gas impermeable material is a single-sided laminate of metal or plastic with metal facing the vacuum layer side.
Therefore, the airtightness of a vacuum body used at a medium vacuum or lower can maintain the vacuum for a long period of time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a vacuum body and a cross-sectional perspective view of an airtight bonding material. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of an airtight bonding material. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view of an airtight bonding material and a use example. Sectional perspective view when using an airtight joining material with a wire [Description of reference numerals]
1: vacuum body 2: airtight material 3: airtight bonding material 4: airtight bonding material 5: rubber-like elastic body 6: shape holding material 7: dent 8: gas impermeable material 9: shape holding material 10: rubber-like elastic body 11 : Recess 12: airtight joining material 13: rubber-like elastic body 14: small projection 15: gas impermeable material 16: airtight material 18: bolt 19: airtight joining material 20: unvulcanized rubber 21: gas impermeable material 22: airtight Joining material 23: Rubber-like elastic body 24: Gas impermeable material 25: Square pipe 26: Airtight joining material 27: Unvulcanized rubber 28: Gas impermeable material 30: Unvulcanized rubber 31: Gas impermeable material 32: Airtight Material 34: Airtight material 35: Airtight material 36: Airtight bonding material 37: Bent piece 38: Gas impermeable material 39: Rubber-like elastic body 40: Spacer 41: Airtight bonding material 42: Shape holding material 43: Gas impermeable material 44 : Airtight material 45: pressing material 46: shape retaining material

Claims (3)

真空体の外周部に用いる気密接合部材において、気密材間に挟持するゴム状弾性体の大気側面に凹みを設けて該凹みに硬質な形状保持材を嵌合し、気密接合部材の変形を防止する方法In the airtight joining member used for the outer peripheral portion of the vacuum body , a concave is provided on the atmospheric side surface of the rubber-like elastic body sandwiched between the airtight members, and a hard shape holding material is fitted into the recess to prevent deformation of the airtight joining member. How to do . 真空体の外周部の気密接合方法において、粘着性のあるゴム状弾性体を気密接合材として真空体の相対する気密材間に挟持した気密接合方法。An airtight joining method of an outer peripheral portion of a vacuum body, wherein an adhesive rubber-like elastic body is used as an airtight joining material and sandwiched between opposed airtight materials of the vacuum body. 真空体の外周部の気密接合方法において、真空層に面する側にガス不透過材を張ったゴム状弾性体からなる気密接合部材を真空体の相対する気密材間に挟持し、該気密材の外側間より小さな内径の断面コ型の押圧材に該気密材縁端を嵌合した気密接合方法。 In the method for hermetic joining of an outer peripheral portion of a vacuum body, an airtight joining member made of a rubber-like elastic body having a gas-impermeable material stretched on a side facing a vacuum layer is sandwiched between opposed hermetic materials of the vacuum body. Airtight joining method in which the edge of the airtight material is fitted to a U-shaped pressing member having an inner diameter smaller than that between the outsides.
JP2001229834A 2001-07-30 2001-07-30 Airtight joining members and joining methods Expired - Fee Related JP3582725B2 (en)

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