JP3578779B2 - Tone generator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a tone generator that generates a tone in an electronic musical instrument.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a sound source device used in an electronic musical instrument, a waveform mathematically calculated for each tone is stored, read out at the time of sound generation, and used. However, a sound generated based on such a waveform is generally mechanical, and may give an impression that is significantly different from a musical tone generated by a natural musical instrument.
On the other hand, conventionally, a method of incorporating noise and random data when synthesizing a musical tone has been adopted.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in this case, since a dedicated device for generating noise and random data is required, the configuration of the sound source device is complicated and the cost is increased.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has as its object to provide a tone generator capable of generating noise-like tones using random data without using a dedicated random data generator. .
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problem, the invention according to claim 1 is generated by a first storage means, a second storage means for storing fixed data including a control program and timbre data, and a performance operation of a keyboard or the like. Key-on / off data for specifying waveform data of a musical tone is supplied, and an address signal is output to the first memory means in a process of accessing the first memory means and performing data processing related to musical sound generation. Calculating means for storing data of predetermined bits of the address signal in a register and outputting the key-on / off data; the key-on / off data supplied from the calculating means; and the second storage and a musical tone generating means for generating a musical tone based on the predetermined bits of the data output from the tone color data and the register read from the means, before Music generation means multiplies the data and a predetermined envelope signal of the predetermined bits output from the register, and outputs as random tone data.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the musical sound generating device according to the first aspect, the musical sound generating means includes a key-on / off data supplied from the arithmetic means and the second storing means. further comprising a waveform memory for generating based-out comfortably sound timbre data output, and outputs either the tone data or the random music data generated by the waveform memory.
[0005]
[Action]
According to the above configuration, the calculation means (corresponding to the CPU 1 in FIG. 1) 1 is supplied with key-on / off data for designating waveform data of a musical tone generated by a performance operation of a keyboard or the like . Outputs an address signal to the first storage means in a process of accessing the first storage means (corresponding to the RAM 2 in FIG. 1) and performing data processing related to musical tone generation , and outputting the address signal to the first storage means. , And stores the data of a predetermined bit in a register and outputs the key-on / off data.
The tone generation means (corresponding to the tone generator system 6 in FIG. 1) is a second storage means (in FIG. 1) for storing key-on / off data, control programs and fixed data including tone data supplied from the arithmetic means . A tone is generated based on the tone color data read from the ROM 3) and the data of the predetermined bits output from the register .
When outputting the random tone data, the tone generating means multiplies the data of the predetermined bits supplied from the register by a predetermined envelope signal and outputs the result.
Music generation means further includes a waveform memory for generating based-out comfortably sound tone color data outputted from the key-on / key-off data and said second storage means being supplied from said arithmetic means, generated by the waveform memory Either the selected tone data or the random tone data is output.
[0006]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0007]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument using a tone generator according to one embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a central processing unit (CPU), which controls each section of the electronic musical instrument based on a control program stored in a ROM 3.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a RAM, which is provided with a work area for the CPU 1 and a buffer for temporarily storing key information each time a key is turned on or off on a keyboard (not shown).
[0008]
Reference numeral 4 denotes a keyboard circuit, which generates keyboard key operation information such as key on / off and a key code in accordance with the performance operation of the keyboard. A panel circuit 5 detects the state of a tone color selection switch provided on a panel (not shown) and generates switch operation information. These pieces of operation information are input to the CPU 1.
[0009]
The CPU 1 collates the various input information with the information written in the ROM 3 and performs data processing using the RAM 2. In that case, the CPU 1 outputs an address signal to the RAM 2 via the address line L1. Then, data is read / written from / to the area specified by the address signal via the data line L2. Further, based on the operation information of the tone color selection switch, the tone color data TC stored in the ROM 3 is read. Then, data such as tone color and pitch obtained as a result of the data processing is transmitted to the sound source system 6.
[0010]
Reference numeral 7 denotes a register, which fetches predetermined bits of the address signal, for example, upper several bits, and transmits the fetched signal to the tone generator system 6. That is, data that constantly changes irregularly with the control operation of the CPU is output from the register 7 and supplied to the tone generator system 6.
The tone generator system 6 appropriately generates and outputs a tone signal by an operation described later. Then, the tone signal is output to the sound system 8 to generate a tone.
[0011]
Next, FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the sound source system 6.
First, reference numeral 11 denotes an address circuit, which sequentially outputs phase address data indicating the instantaneous phase of a musical tone waveform to be generated from the input on / off information of each keyboard key.
[0012]
A waveform memory 12 stores tone waveform data of a plurality of timbres. The waveform memory 12 sequentially reads out tone waveform data of the timbre specified by the timbre data TC based on the phase address data output from the address circuit 11. The tone waveform data is supplied to the terminal A of the selector 13.
[0013]
On the other hand, the register data output from the register 7 in FIG. 1 is supplied to the terminal B of the selector 13. The selector 13 outputs the data supplied to either the terminal A or the terminal B from the terminal OUT based on the selector switching data SEL1 included in the timbre data TC.
[0014]
Reference numeral 15 denotes an envelope generator (EG), which generates an amplitude envelope signal added to musical tone waveform data of each tone.
The multiplier 14 multiplies the output of the selector 13 by the output of the EG 15 and supplies the calculation result to the terminal A of the selector 18.
[0015]
Reference numeral 17 denotes another envelope generator, which generates a predetermined amplitude envelope signal similarly to the EG 15. The multiplier 16 multiplies the envelope signal by the register data and supplies a result of the calculation to the terminal B of the selector 18.
[0016]
The selector 18 outputs the data supplied to either the terminal A or the terminal B from the terminal OUT based on the selector switching data SEL2 included in the timbre data TC. This output is converted into analog data in a digital / analog converter (DAC) 19 and supplied to the sound system 8 shown in FIG.
[0017]
In the above configuration, it is assumed that one or more keys on the keyboard are pressed by the player. Also, by the setting of this time the tone color selection switch, a tone color data TC ₁ is read from the ROM 3. Then, based on the phase address data output from the address circuit 11, tone color of the musical tone waveform data indicated by the tone color data TC ₁ is read from the waveform memory 12.
[0018]
Then, the selector switch data SEL1 ₁ included in the tone color data TC _1, the terminal A and the terminal OUT of the selector 13 is connected. In this case, the read musical tone waveform data is supplied to the multiplier 14 and multiplied by the output of the envelope generator (EG) 15.
[0019]
Also, the selector switching data SEL2 ₁ included in the tone color data TC _1, the terminal A and the terminal OUT of the selector 18 is connected. Therefore, the calculation result output from the multiplier 14 is supplied to the sound system 8 via the DAC 19.
That is, with respect to this tone color, a normal tone with a waveform stored in advance is generated.
[0020]
Then, the tone color selection switch is operated by the player, and another tone color data TC ₂ is read from the ROM 3. Then, the selector switch data SEL1 ₂ contained in the tone color data TC _2, the terminal B and the terminal OUT of the selector 13 is connected.
In this case, the register data supplied to the terminal B of the selector 13 is output from the terminal OUT. On the other hand, the tone waveform data stored in the waveform memory 12 is invalidated without being output from the selector 13. Then, in the multiplier 14, the register data is multiplied by the output of the EG 15, and the calculation result is supplied to the terminal A of the selector 18.
[0021]
The result of multiplication of the register data and the output of the EG 17 is supplied to the terminal B of the selector 18.
Then, the selector switch data SEL2 ₂ contained in the tone color data TC _2, the terminal A and the terminal OUT of the selector 18 is connected. In this case, the result of the multiplication of the register data and the EG 15 is output to the DAC 19.
Conversely, if the terminal B is connected to the terminal OUT, the result of multiplication of the register data and the EG 17 is output to the DAC 19.
[0022]
Therefore, for this timbre, a musical tone using random noise-like data is generated. Further, by setting the EGs 15 and 17 to generate envelope data having different characteristics, it is possible to generate musical tones having different feelings for similar noise-like data only by changing the selector switching data SEL2. .
Further, since a tone signal which does not use noise-like data is generated only by changing the selector switching data SEL1, a tone suitable for each tone can be generated very easily.
[0023]
Next, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an FM (frequency modulation) type sound source system will be described using FIG. 3 and mathematical expressions.
In the figure, a multiplier 21 multiplies input data r (t) by an output E1 (t) of an envelope generator (EG) 22 and outputs a waveform represented by the following equation (1).
R (t) = E1 (t) · r (t) (1)
[0024]
Then, the operator 23 generates phase data w _m internally, and outputs a waveform shown by the following formula (2).
_{m (t) = sin (w} m t + R (t)) ...... (2)
[0025]
The multiplier 24 multiplies the output m (t) by the output E2 (t) of the envelope generator (EG) 25 and supplies the result to the operator 26.
The operator 26 generates phase data w _c internally, and outputs a waveform shown by the following formula (3).
_{c (t) = sin (w} c t + E2 (t) · m (t)) ...... (3)
[0026]
The multiplier 27 multiplies the output c (t) by the output E3 (t) of the envelope generator (EG) 28 and outputs a waveform represented by the following equation (4).
f (t) = E3 (t) · c (t) (4)
[0027]
As is clear from these equations, the operator 26 and the multiplier 27 output a carrier signal in the FM system, while the operator 23 and the multiplier 24 output a modulator signal for modulating the carrier signal. Further, the multiplier 21 outputs a signal (formula (1)) that variously changes the modulator signal.
[0028]
Now, it is assumed that the multiplier 21 is supplied with the address data for the working area of the RAM as the input data r (t). Further, it is assumed that amplitude envelope data as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3B is supplied from EGs 22, 25, and 28 to the respective multipliers.
[0029]
In this case, the random data r (t) is multiplied by an envelope waveform (FIG. (A)) that attenuates more rapidly than in (B) and (C). Therefore, as a final output, as shown in FIG. 3D, a waveform is obtained in which the noise increases as the attack (rise) and decay (predetermined attenuation from the attack) occurs, and thereafter the noise decreases. .
Further, by varying the output waveforms E1 (t) to E3 (t) of each EG in various ways, it is possible to generate a musical tone to which noise is appropriately added.
[0030]
The random data used in each of the above embodiments is not limited to the address signal from the CPU to the RAM, but may be any data that changes irregularly.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the operation means is supplied with key-on / off data for designating waveform data of a musical tone generated by a performance operation of a keyboard or the like, and the operation means stores the first storage. Outputting an address signal to the first storage means in the course of performing data processing related to musical tone generation by accessing the means, storing data of predetermined bits of the address signal in a register, / Off data is output.
The tone generation means (corresponding to the tone generator system 6 in FIG. 1) is a second storage means (in FIG. 1) for storing key-on / off data, control programs and fixed data including tone data supplied from the arithmetic means . When a tone is generated based on the tone color data read from the ROM 3 and the data of the predetermined bits output from the register , and the random tone data is output, the tone is supplied from the register. The data of the predetermined bits is multiplied by a predetermined envelope signal and output.
The arithmetic unit accesses the first storage unit to perform data processing related to musical tone generation, and generates key-on / off data for specifying musical tone waveform data to be generated and output as a result of the data processing. In the process, an address signal to be output to the first storage means is output, and data of a predetermined bit of the address signal is stored in a register. The tone generating means includes key-on / off data supplied from the calculating means, tone data read from the second storage means for storing a control program and fixed data including tone data, and the tone data supplied from the register. When a tone is generated based on data of a predetermined bit and random tone data is output, the data of the predetermined bit supplied from the register is multiplied by a predetermined envelope signal and output. Therefore, it is possible to generate a noise-like musical tone using random data without using a dedicated random generating means.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which an embodiment of the present invention has been applied.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating details of a sound source system 6 in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
6. Sound source system (musical tone signal generation means)
7. Registers (data extraction means)
16,21 multiplier (multiplication means)

Claims (2)

First storage means;
Second storage means for storing fixed data including a control program and timbre data;
Key-on / key-off data for designating waveform data of a tone to be generated by the performance operation such as the keyboard is supplied, the first data processing related to musical tone generated by accessing the first memory means a row Cormorants process with outputs an address signal, and stores the data of the predetermined bits of the address signal to the register of the storage means, and calculating means for outputting the key-on / key-off data,
Musical tone generating means for generating a musical tone based on the key-on / off data supplied from the arithmetic means, the timbre data read from the second storage means, and the data of the predetermined bits output from the register. Have
The musical sound generating device according to claim 1, wherein the musical sound generating means multiplies the data of the predetermined bits output from the register by a predetermined envelope signal and outputs the result as random musical sound data. The music generation means further includes a waveform memory for generating based-out comfortably sound tone color data outputted from the key-on / key-off data and said second storage means being supplied from said arithmetic means, in said waveform memory The tone generator according to claim 1, wherein either the generated tone data or the random tone data is output.

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