JP3568108B2 - Method for transmitting location information of digital map and apparatus for implementing the method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an information transmission method for transmitting position information such as traffic jams and accidents in a traffic information providing system and the like, and an apparatus for exchanging information about positions using the method, and more particularly, on a digital map. The position can be accurately communicated.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the number of vehicles equipped with on-vehicle navigation devices has increased rapidly. The in-vehicle navigation system maintains a digital map database and displays a map around the vehicle position on the screen based on the latitude and longitude data received by the GPS receiver. It can also be displayed on the map.
[0003]
In Japan, digital map databases are currently created by several companies, but as the destiny of scale maps, map data contains errors. The error differs depending on each digital map, but some 1/25000 maps are commercially available that include an error of about 50 m depending on the location.
[0004]
Also, the latitude / longitude data obtained from the GPS receiver includes an error of several tens of meters.
[0005]
In addition, the navigation in-vehicle device receives traffic information such as traffic jam information and accident information provided from the traffic information provision system, displays the traffic jam and accident location on the map, and adds such information to the conditions as a route. A model to conduct the search has been made.
[0006]
In the traffic information providing system realized in the past, as shown in FIG. 7, traffic information is supplied from the traffic information collection center 71 having jurisdiction over the area to the information distribution center 72, and each medium (FM broadcast, road beacon, mobile phone) Traffic information edited for each is transmitted through the respective media.
[0007]
In addition, the traffic information collection center 71 exchanges traffic information with the traffic information collection center 78 in other areas, and collects traffic information in a wide area including surrounding areas.
[0008]
In this traffic information, for example, when the latitude / longitude data of the location is presented independently to convey the traffic jam location or accident location, as described above, the type of digital map database held by the vehicle-mounted device For example, the on-vehicle device holding the digital map database manufactured by company A and the on-vehicle device holding the digital map database manufactured by company B have different positions on the road. May be identified.
[0009]
In order to improve such inaccuracy of information transmission, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), intersections a and b of the road network are used as nodes, roads c between the nodes are used as links, and each node is assigned a node. A unique node number (a = 1111, b = 3333) is set, and a link number (c = 11133333) uniquely indicating each link is set for each link. Are stored in association with the set node number and link number for each intersection and road.
[0010]
In the traffic information, when a position on the road is represented, a link number is specified, and a point on the road is displayed by an expression method such as how many meters from the head. For example, when “link number = position of 200m from the top of the road of 11113333” is displayed, the point of 200m from the node of the node number 1111 of the road of the link number 11113333 is used in any on-vehicle device using digital map data By following the above, the position P on the same road can be obtained.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the node numbers and link numbers defined in the road network need to be replaced with new numbers when the road d is newly established or the road is changed, as shown in FIG. 8B. When the node number or link number is changed, the digital map data of each company must be updated.
[0012]
New road construction and changes will continue in the future, so as long as the road location display method is based on node numbers and link numbers, a large amount of work and associated costs are required for the maintenance of the digital map database. There is a problem that it has to be thrown in.
[0013]
In addition, for the navigation that has been sold in the past, it is necessary for the center to send information that conforms to the past node number and link number for a certain period (3 to 5 years) and duplicates the information of the latest year. The maintenance burden is large.
[0014]
The present invention solves such conventional problems, and provides a position information transmission method capable of transmitting position information on a digital map without an excessive burden of maintenance, and implements the method. The object is to provide a device.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in the position information transmission method of the present invention, the information providing side, in order to convey the road position, road shape data comprising a coordinate sequence indicating the road shape of the road section having a length corresponding to the situation, including the road position. When the road location information transmitted by using the relative data indicating the road position in the road section, the side that has received the road position information, by performing shape matching using the road shape data, the receiving side A road section is specified on a digital map, and a road position in the road section is specified using relative data.
[0016]
Further, in the position information transmission device of the present invention, the information on the road position to be transmitted to the information providing side device is composed of a coordinate string indicating the road shape of the road section of the length corresponding to the situation, including the road position. A position information conversion unit that converts road shape data into relative data indicating the road position in the road section is provided, and shape matching is performed using the received road shape data on an information receiving device having a digital map. performed, wherein on digital map to identify the road section, and a shape matching section for specifying a road position in the road section provided with relative data.
[0017]
Therefore, the position on the digital map can be accurately transmitted to the other party along with the traveling direction without defining a node number or a link number in the road network.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is the positional information transmission method for transmitting the road position on the digital map, wherein the information providing side includes the road of the road section having a length corresponding to the situation including the road position. Road position information is transmitted using road shape data composed of a coordinate sequence indicating the shape and relative data indicating the road position in the road section. On the side of receiving the road position information, road shape data is The shape matching to be used is performed, the road section on the digital map on the receiving side is specified, and the road position in this road section is specified using relative data. Even if you do not define, you can accurately tell the location on the digital map.
[0019]
The invention according to claim 2 uses a coordinate sequence in which latitude / longitude data of road points at predetermined distance intervals is arranged as a coordinate sequence indicating a road shape. By performing shape matching using the latitude / longitude data of each point, road sections having the same road shape can be specified.
[0020]
The invention according to claim 3 uses distance data from a specific point in the road section as the relative data, and the road position information receiving side specifies the distance section after specifying the road section. Can be used to identify the road position.
[0021]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the position information transmission apparatus for exchanging information about the road position on the digital map, the information on the road position to be transmitted to the information providing apparatus includes the road position according to the situation. A position information conversion unit for converting road shape data composed of a coordinate sequence indicating a road shape of a road section of a length and relative data indicating a road position in the road section is provided, and an information receiving side having a digital map apparatus performs shape matching using the road shape data, the on digital map to identify the road section having thereon a shape matching unit for specifying the road position in the road section by using the relative data, road Even without defining node numbers and link numbers on the network, it is possible to exchange information accurately on the location on the digital map.
[0022]
The invention according to claim 5 uses a coordinate sequence in which latitude / longitude data of road points at predetermined distance intervals is arranged as a coordinate sequence indicating a road shape. The matching unit performs shape matching using the latitude / longitude data of each road point, and identifies road sections having the same shape.
[0023]
The invention according to claim 6 is to use distance data from a specific point in the road section as relative data, and after the road section is specified in the shape matching unit of the device on the information receiving side, The road position can be specified using this distance data.
[0024]
The invention according to claim 7 is an application of the position information transmission device according to claim 4 to a traffic information provision / reception system, and transmits a position on a digital map without using a node number or a link number. be able to.
[0025]
The invention according to claim 8 is such that the information providing apparatus is a center that collects local traffic information, and the information receiving apparatus is a center that collects traffic information of other areas. This position information transmission method can be used to exchange traffic information between the two.
[0026]
According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the information providing device is an infrastructure that provides traffic information, and the information receiving device is an on-vehicle device mounted on a vehicle. In addition, this position information transmission method can be used.
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a receiving device that receives information about a road position on a digital map from an information providing device, and includes a road position from the information providing device and has a length corresponding to the situation. Receiving means for receiving road shape data consisting of a coordinate sequence indicating the road shape of the road section and relative data indicating the road position in the road section, a digital map, and performing shape matching using the road shape data, A shape matching means for specifying a road section on the digital map and specifying a road position in the road section using relative data is provided, and the position on the digital map is determined based on the provided information. It can be accurately identified.
The invention described in claim 11 is an information providing apparatus for providing information about a road position on a digital map by the position information transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the information on the road position to be transmitted includes the road position. In addition, there is provided position information conversion means for converting into road shape data composed of a coordinate sequence indicating the road shape of a road section having a length according to the situation and relative data indicating a road position in the road section. , Can accurately tell the position on the digital map.
[0027]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0028]
(First embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the position information transmission method of the present invention will be described by taking as an example the case where traffic information is exchanged between the traffic information collection centers of FIG.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 1, the traffic information collection center A includes an event information input unit 1 for inputting event occurrence information such as traffic accidents and traffic jams, and position information conversion for generating position information for representing the event occurrence position. Unit 2, position information transmitting unit 3 that transmits the generated position information, position information receiving unit 6 that receives the position information, shape matching unit 5 that performs shape matching and identifies the event occurrence position from the position information, The digital map display unit 4 for displaying the event occurrence position on the map and the digital map database 7 are provided.
The traffic information collection center B has the same configuration as the center A.
[0030]
The operation flow of this traffic information collection center is shown in FIG.
Step 1: When an accident such as a traffic accident or traffic jam occurs,
Step 2: The event content and the location information are input to the event information input unit 1 of the traffic information collection center. For example, when information indicating the occurrence of traffic congestion is input from a vehicle detector installed on the road,
Step 3: In order to convey this traffic jam information to the traffic information collection center B, the location information conversion unit 2 expresses the road shape data representing the road shape of the road section of a predetermined length including the traffic jam occurrence position by a coordinate sequence, and the road Distance data indicating the distance from the start point of the section to the congestion occurrence position is generated.
[0031]
FIG. 3 schematically shows the position information generated by the position information conversion unit 2. When traffic congestion occurs in the section A to B on the road, the road shape of the road including the section is represented by a coordinate sequence of 600 points at intervals of 5 m, P ₀ (x ₀ , y ₀ ), P ₁ (x ₁ , y ₁ ),..., P ₆₀₀ (x ₆₀₀ , y ₆₀₀ ). Here, xk and yk are latitude / longitude data of the point Pk on the road acquired from the digital map database 7. Further, the distance l ₁ from the point P ₀ (x ₀ , y ₀ ) to the traffic jam start point A and the distance l ₂ to the traffic jam end point B are obtained,
Road shape data: (x ₀ , y ₀ ) (x ₁ , y ₁ ) (x ₆₀₀ , y ₆₀₀ )
Traffic distance data: l _{1 to} l ₂ m
Is generated as position information.
[0032]
In addition to this location information, rank information indicating the degree of traffic congestion, information indicating the type of digital map database used, etc. are added to create transmission information,
Step 4: The position information transmission unit 3 transmits this transmission information to the traffic information collection center B.
[0033]
Step 5: On the other hand, in the traffic information collection center that received this information by the location information receiving unit 6,
Step 6: The shape matching unit 5 performs shape matching between the map data in the digital map database 7 and the coordinate sequence indicating the road shape, identifies the road section on the digital map, and starts from the start position of the road section. Based on the distance data, the traffic jam section on the digital map is specified.
[0034]
FIG. 4 shows an example of this shape matching.
[0035]
First, the roads Q and R included in the error range centered on the point P ₀ (x ₀ , y ₀ ) of the map data read from the digital map database 7 are selected as candidates.
[0036]
Next, the positions Q ₀ and R ₀ on each candidate road closest to P ₀ (x ₀ , y ₀ ) are obtained, and the distances between P _{0 to} Q ₀ and P _{0 to} R ₀ are calculated.
[0037]
This operation _{P 1 (x 1, y 1} ), ‥, P 600 performed for each point _{(x 600, y 600),} each point _{P 0, P 1,} ‥, the root mean square of the distance from _{P 600} The road section with the smallest sum is obtained.
[0038]
Next, a section between l ₁ and l ₂ m from the start position of the road section is specified as a congestion section.
[0039]
Step 7: The digital map display unit 4 reads the data from the digital map database 7, displays the map, and colors the traffic congestion section obtained by the shape matching unit 5 with a color corresponding to the traffic congestion level.
[0040]
In this way, even if the node number and link number are not defined, the information providing side expresses the road shape as a coordinate string, so that the information receiver side performs shape matching and determines the road section having the road shape. It becomes possible to specify.
[0041]
In this embodiment, the point interval for indicating the shape of the road section is 5 m and the number of points is 600, but the present invention is not limited to this interval and number.
[0042]
In this embodiment, latitude / longitude data is used as the coordinate data of the coordinate sequence. However, any other coordinate data can be used as long as the data can be shared between the information providing side and the information receiving side. It is.
[0043]
Further, by adding effective auxiliary information to the position information to be transmitted, it is possible to improve the efficiency of shape matching on the receiving side.
[0044]
In addition, as a shape matching algorithm, a method other than the illustrated least square method may be used.
[0045]
(Second Embodiment)
In the second embodiment, transmission of position information between the infrastructure side (information providing side) of the traffic information providing system and the vehicle-mounted device will be described.
[0046]
FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the infrastructure side 51 that provides information and the vehicle-mounted device 61 that receives information.
[0047]
The infrastructure side 51 includes an event information input unit 52 for inputting event occurrence information, a position information converting unit 53 for generating position information for representing the event occurrence position, and a position information transmitting unit for transmitting the generated position information. 54, a digital map display unit 55, and a digital map database 56.
[0048]
On the other hand, the vehicle-mounted device 61 includes a position information receiving unit 62 that receives position information, a shape matching unit 63 that performs shape matching to identify an event occurrence position from the position information, and a digital map that displays the event occurrence position on a map. A display unit 64 and a digital map database 65 are provided.
[0049]
The operation on the infrastructure side 51 is the same as the operation from Step 1 to Step 4 in FIG. 2, and the operation of the vehicle-mounted device 61 is the same as the operation from Step 5 to Step 7 in FIG.
[0050]
In this traffic information providing system, the infrastructure side provides information on a coordinate sequence of a road section having a predetermined length including an event occurrence position and information on an event occurrence position based on the road section through FM broadcasting and beacons. The vehicle-mounted device identifies the road section from the coordinate sequence, and identifies the event occurrence position based on the road section. Therefore, it is possible to accurately convey the position on the digital map without defining the node number or link number.
[0051]
Moreover, FIG. 6 shows that the vehicle-mounted device includes an event information input unit, a position information conversion unit, a position information transmission unit, a position information reception unit, a shape matching unit, a digital map display unit, and a digital map database in the same manner as the infrastructure side. The case where it prepares is shown. For example, when an accident occurs, the vehicle-mounted device can transmit the accident position to the infrastructure side.
[0052]
At this time, the vehicle-mounted device acquires the coordinate data of a plurality of positions in the road section of a predetermined length including the accident position from the digital map database, the data of the coordinate string, and the event occurrence position based on the road section. Send information and. On the center side, after receiving this information, performing shape matching, specifying the road section from the road shape, the accident location can be specified.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, the position information transmission method and apparatus of the present invention can accurately transmit the position on the digital map to the other party without using the node number or link number of the road network.
[0054]
According to this method, it is possible to greatly reduce the amount of work and cost spent on the maintenance of the digital map database, and it is possible to reduce the social cost necessary for maintaining the traffic information providing system.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a position information transmission device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the position information transmission apparatus according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining road shape data and distance data constituting road position information;
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of shape matching;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a position information transmission device according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing another configuration of the position information transmission device in the second embodiment;
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a traffic information providing system;
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram (a) of node numbers and link numbers, and an explanatory diagram (b) showing changes of node numbers and link numbers when a road is newly established.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 52 Event information input unit 2, 53 Position information conversion unit 3, 54 Position information transmission unit 4, 55, 64 Digital map display unit 5, 63 Shape matching unit 6, 62 Position information reception unit 7, 56, 65 Digital map Database 51 Infrastructure 61 Onboard equipment 71 A Traffic information collection center 72 Information distribution center 74 FM station 75 Beacon 78 B Traffic information collection center

Claims (11)

In the position information transmission method to convey the road position on the digital map,
The information providing side uses the road shape data including a coordinate sequence indicating the road shape of the road section having a length according to the situation including the road position, and the relative data indicating the road position in the road section. To convey road position information
The road position information at side that received the performing shape matching using the road shape data to identify the road section on the receiving side of the digital map, the road position in the road section by using the relative data A position information transmission method characterized by specifying. The position information transmission method according to claim 1, wherein a coordinate string in which latitude / longitude data of road points at predetermined distance intervals is arranged is used as the coordinate string indicating the road shape. The position information transmission method according to claim 1, wherein distance data from a specific point in the road section is used as the relative data. In a position information transmission device that exchanges information about road positions on a digital map,
The apparatus on the information providing side transmits road position information to be transmitted, road shape data including a coordinate sequence indicating a road shape of a road section having a length corresponding to the situation, including the road position, and information on the road section. A position information conversion unit for converting into relative data indicating the road position;
Device of the information receiving side having a digital map, performs shape matching using the road shape data, the identifying the road section on a digital map, identify the road position in the road section by using the relative data A position information transmission device comprising a shape matching unit. 5. The position information transmission apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a coordinate string in which latitude / longitude data of road points at predetermined distance intervals is arranged is used as the coordinate string indicating the road shape. The position information transmission apparatus according to claim 4, wherein distance data from a specific point in the road section is used as the relative data. A traffic information providing / receiving system comprising the position information transmitting device according to claim 4. 8. The information providing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the information providing apparatus is a center that collects traffic information of a region, and the information receiving apparatus is a center that collects traffic information of another area. Traffic information provision / reception system. 8. The traffic information provision / reception according to claim 7, wherein the information providing side device is an infrastructure for providing traffic information, and the information receiving side device is an in-vehicle device mounted on a vehicle. system. In a receiving device that receives information about a road position on a digital map from an information providing device,
  From the information providing device, road shape data including a coordinate sequence indicating a road shape of a road section having a length corresponding to a situation including the road position and relative data indicating the road position in the road section are obtained. Receiving means for receiving, digital map, and shape matching using the road shape data, specifying the road section on the digital map, and specifying a road position in the road section using the relative data A receiving apparatus comprising: a shape matching means. An information providing device for providing information about a road position on a digital map by the position information transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the information on the road position to be transmitted includes the road position and has a length corresponding to the situation. An information providing apparatus comprising position information conversion means for converting road shape data including a coordinate sequence indicating a road shape of a road section and relative data indicating the road position in the road section.

Images