JP3566375B2 - Wheel axle bearing nut tightening device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention generally relates to a railway vehicle, and more particularly to a wheel bearing in which a bearing nut used for replacing a bearing for replacing a wheel axle of a railway vehicle is efficiently tightened by applying a force of a hydraulic cylinder to one or both ends of an arm of a housing. The present invention relates to a nut tightening device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When replacing the wheel set of a railway vehicle, it is usual to replace the bearings, almost always.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the left end of the wheel set 1, and FIG.
Wheels 2 are firmly mounted near both outer ends of the wheel axle 1, bearings 3 are mounted on both outer shaft ends of the wheel 2, and a bearing nut 4 is strongly tightened to a male screw 5 of the wheel axle 1. The bearing 3 does not come off even if a large load is applied in the axial direction.
Further, the structure of the end of the wheel axle will be described. A small lid 6 is attached to the outer end (left end in FIG. 9) of the bearing nut 4, and the inner surface of the small lid 6 is axially inward (rightward in FIG. 9). ) Engages with the recess 1b at the end of the axle 1 so that the small lid 6 does not rotate with respect to the axle 1a. 9 is a dust cover.
On the other hand, a bolt 8 that has passed through the hole 6b of the small lid 6 is screwed into the screw hole 4b of the bearing nut 4, the bearing nut 4 and the small lid 6 do not rotate relatively, and furthermore, the bent portion of the detent washer 7 7b prevents the bolt 8 from rotating and loosening.
[0003]
Conventionally, as a method of tightening the bearing nut 4, as shown in FIG. 10, four normal grooves 4 a provided along the circumference of the bearing nut 4 as shown in FIG. A large spanner 31 (not shown) having a projection 31a is engaged from the outside, and the handle portion of the large spanner 31 is manually applied with a large hammer as shown by an arrow B.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the above work requires considerable skill in tightening and is dangerous, and requires a lot of power, the site of this work is called a typical 3K workplace (dangerous, hard, dirty) .
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to improve the work environment and work efficiency by controlling various work conditions using a hydraulic cylinder or the like without relying on human intuition for the mounting of the fastener, the degree of tightening, and the like. .
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, a detachable nut alignment ring, an armed flange which is spline-engaged with the outer periphery of the nut alignment ring, and at least one radially outwardly located position of the armed flange, preferably A hydraulic cylinder operatively connected to the two arms for operation, a housing for rotatably holding the armed flange and pivotally mounting the hydraulic flange, and the housing And a support base provided with an adjusting screw and a nut for moving up and down along the guide pin.
In order to utilize the force efficiently, a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder is connected to each end of a pair of arms extending symmetrically about the rotation axis and radially outward and opposite to each other. It is preferable that the bearing nut 4 be tightened using a couple by operating in the opposite direction. However, it is also possible to sufficiently achieve the object by operating one fluid pressure cylinder on the tip of one arm.
Further, the above-mentioned object is solved by using the support base as a wheel axle bearing tightening device including a gantry that enables the rotating arm-equipped flange to be slidable in the direction of the rotation axis.
[0006]
[Action]
The gantry is fixed to the floor by a plurality of ball-in anchors such that the slide rails are parallel to the wheel set and the vertical center planes of the two slide rails include the center axis of the wheel set. . Manually screw the bearing nut into the end of the axle where the bearing is inserted. With the fluid pressure cylinder, with the piston rod retracted to the stroke end, the support base is manually slid on the gantry, the axle end is inserted into the housing, and the adjustment nut is rotated to slightly move the housing up and down, Align the bearing nut with the armed flange.
The projection of the nut matching ring engages the spline of the nut matching ring with the spline of the armed flange so as to match the groove of the bearing nut.
When the switch on the operation panel is set to “ON”, the rod of the fluid cylinder advances and rotates the flange with arm. The tightening torque is: flange with arm → spline → nut alignment ring → protrusion → groove → bearing nut. When the set tightening torque is reached, the fluid cylinder is automatically stopped by the valve, and the switch is turned “OFF”.
Next, fit the protrusion on the lower surface of the small lid for rotation prevention to the recess of the axle and fit it together with the rotation prevention washer, activate the inching switch on the operation panel, align the hole of the small lid with the screw hole of the bearing nut, and stop the rotation. Tighten the bolt and bend the bent part of the detent washer. Next, remove the nut alignment ring, attach the cap, and slide the support base away from the sliding end.
[0007]
【Example】
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a wheel axle bearing nut tightening device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.
Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 3, on the inner periphery of the ring-shaped nut matching ring 11, a projection 11a (a shape inserted into the groove 4a of the bearing nut 4 shown in FIG. In this example, four) protrude inward in the radial direction, and on the outer circumference, splines 11b are provided on the entire circumference in parallel with the rotation center line of the nut matching ring 11, and one side surface (the left side in the figure) is used for mounting. Bolts 11c are screwed into symmetrical positions.
The cylindrical armed flange 12 engaging with the outer periphery of the nut matching ring 11 is radially symmetrically positioned on the narrow outer peripheral surface having the inner spline 12a engaging with the outer spline 11b of the nut matching ring 11. And a pair of substantially parallel arms 12b projecting radially outward from the arm.
The arm 12b is pivotally connected to the piston rods 14a, 15a of the hydraulic cylinders 14, 15 via a pivot pin 13 near the distal end thereof.
The axially inward end (right side in FIG. 3) of the flanged arm 12 without splines is integrally formed as an annular flange portion 12c protruding outward in the radial direction.
The flange portion 12c is loosely inserted into an annular space 17 defined by a left annular portion 16a (see FIG. 3) of the housing 16 described later and a flange 16b having a stepped cross section.
[0008]
The flange 16b and the ring-shaped main body 16c of the housing 16 are connected by a plurality of mounting bolts 16f which are screwed in the axial direction.
The hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15 are pivotally connected to welded structures 16d and 16e (the upper and lower sides of 16d and 16e are mounted in reverse) on the ring-shaped main body 16c of the housing 16 by welding or the like. It is pivotally supported by stop pins 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d.
As described above, the housing 16 is configured such that the annular portion 16a, the flange 16b, the ring-shaped main body 16c, and the left and right welding structures 16d and 16e are integrally connected.
The ring-shaped main body 16c has a solid structure in this embodiment, but may have a plate-like welded structure.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, below the assembled armed flange 12 and the housing 16, the H-shape as viewed from the front in FIG. Are each provided with a support 19 having a welding structure including a pair of horizontal bottoms 19g, a pair of legs 19e that rise vertically from the bottom and stand upright, and a horizontal support plate 19g that connects the two horizontally. You.
[0009]
Below the left and right support bases 19, two slide bearings 19a are provided at each of the front and rear sides. As shown in FIG. Guide pins 19b provided at the upper ends of the pair of legs 19e engage with holes 16d 'and 16e' formed in the left and right welded structures 16d and 16e, respectively. .
The adjusting screw for fine vertical movement and the nut 19 c screwed to the center of the lower end of the housing 16 have the upper end surface of the nut contacting the lower end surface of the main body 16 c of the housing 16. The gantry 20 is a substantially rectangular flat plate in a plan view, and on its upper surface is parallel to the axis of the housing, and engages with two slide bearings 19a below the left and right support bases 19 already described. The lower surface is fixed to the floor surface FL by a plurality of (eight in this example) hole-in anchors 21 on the lower surface.
FIG. 7 is a control circuit diagram of the wheel axle bearing nut tightening device of the present invention. A control panel 40 connected to a power supply is connected to a hydraulic unit 41, left and right tightening devices 42a and 42b, and an operation pendant 43. The right and left tightening devices 42a and 42b are connected to the hydraulic unit 41 via the hydraulic piping 44, respectively.
[0010]
Although not shown, the control panel 40 houses a power switch and lamp, NFB, electromagnetic switch, sequencer, abnormal lamp, alarm buzzer, and the like.
Similarly, the operation pendant 43 accommodates a single-acting / interlocking changeover switch, a left-right changeover switch, a pressure changeover switch, an automatic tightening pushbutton switch, an inching pushbutton switch, an emergency stop pushbutton switch, and the like.
The hydraulic unit 41 is provided with a hydraulic pump and an electromagnetic proportional valve.
The hydraulic piping section 44 includes a hydraulic pressure switch, a tightening portion fixed position confirmation switch, a nut alignment ring insertion / absence switch, and a hydraulic cylinder expansion / contraction end confirmation switch.
With these control systems, in addition to the normal control of the device, check whether the tightening part is in the fixed position, check whether the nut matching ring is inserted, whether the hydraulic cylinder is at the telescopic end Is confirmed.
Next, the operation of this device will be described according to the operation procedure.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state before assembling the device to the wheel set, FIG. 5 is a view after assembling, and FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the wheel set 1 is fixed at a predetermined position.
The gantry 20 is provided with eight hole anchors 21 so that the two sliding rails 20a are parallel to the wheel set 1 and the vertical center plane of the sliding rails 20a includes the center axis of the wheel set 1. It is fixed to the floor surface FL.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 9, the bearing nut 4 is manually screwed into the end of the axle in which the bearing 3 is inserted. The user operates the switches on the operation panel to retract the piston rods 14a and 15a of the hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15 to the end of the stroke (stroke end) as shown in FIG. Is manually slid on the gantry 20, the end of the axle is inserted into the housing 16, and the adjusting screw and the nut 19c (see FIG. 2) are rotated to slightly move the housing 16 up and down. Centering with the attached flange 12 is performed.
Next, the spline 11b of the nut matching ring 11 and the spline 12a of the flange 12 with the arm are adjusted so that the protrusion 11a of the nut matching ring 11 matches the groove 4a of the bearing nut 4 (FIG. 5). Are engaged as shown in FIG.
Next, when the switch of the control panel 40 shown in FIG. 7 is turned on, the piston rods 14a and 15a of the hydraulic cylinder advance to rotate the armed flange 12, and the tightening angle α shown in FIG. In this example, the predetermined pressure is reached at about 70 °, usually at 30 ° to 40 °.
The tightening torque is transmitted in the order of flanged arm 12 → splines 12a and 11b → nut fitting ring 11 → projection 11a → groove 4a → bearing nut 4. When the set tightening torque (set hydraulic pressure) is reached, the switch is automatically turned on. Becomes "OFF", and the piston rods 14a and 15a of the hydraulic cylinder stop.
[0012]
Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the protrusion 6a of the small lid 6 is aligned with the recess 1b of the axle 1a, and is fitted together with the detent washer 7. And the screw hole 4b of the bearing nut 4 are aligned, and the bolt 8 for rotation prevention is screwed in, and the bent portion 7b of the rotation prevention washer 7 is bent to prevent the rotation of the bolt 8.
Next, the nut matching ring 11 is removed, the cap 9 shown in FIG. 9 is attached, and the support base 19 is slid (see FIG. 6) to keep it away from the wheel set 1. The same applies to the bearing nut on the opposite side, which can be performed simultaneously.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, as described above, the tightening force does not depend on the operator's intuition, and the control mechanism enables numerical control of the bearing nut tightening force, improving reliability in quality control, and It is unnecessary and can improve the work environment and work efficiency of the workplace.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a wheel axle bearing nut tightening device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the wheel axle bearing nut tightening device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state before the wheel axle bearing nut tightening device shown in FIG. 1 is assembled to the wheel axle.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view after the wheel axle bearing nut tightening device shown in FIG. 1 is assembled to the wheel axle.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a working state of assembling the wheel axle bearing nut tightening device shown in FIG. 1 to a wheel axle.
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of hydraulic operation and control of the wheel axle bearing nut tightening device of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a conventional wheel axle bearing nut tightening device.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of an end portion of a wheel axle.
FIG. 10 is a view as viewed from the direction indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 9;
[Explanation of symbols]
4 Bearing nut 4a Groove 11 Nut alignment ring 11a Projection 11b Spline 12 Flange with arm 12a Spline 12b Arm 14, 15 Hydraulic cylinder 16 Housing 19 Support 19b Guide pin 19c Adjustment screw and nut 20

Claims (3)

A nut alignment ring having a spline on the outer periphery and a projection on the inner periphery corresponding to the groove of the bearing nut and detachable from the bearing nut;
An armed flange having at least one radially extending arm in spline engagement with the nut mating ring;
A fluid pressure cylinder connected to a radially outer end of the armed flange;
A housing for rotatably holding the armed flange and for pivotally mounting the hydraulic cylinder;
A support base connected to the housing, the support base including an adjustment screw and a nut supported from below and moved up and down along a pair of guide pins at the top;
And a gantry disposed below the support to allow the support to slide parallel to the axis of rotation of the armed flange;
A wheel axle bearing nut tightening device comprising: The armed flange has a pair of arms extending radially outward symmetrically about an axis, and the hydraulic cylinders are disposed near an outer end of each of the pair of arms. The upper and lower supports are connected to each other so as to apply a force in opposite directions to each of the arms and the support base and the gantry are symmetrically disposed to support the pair of hydraulic cylinders. The wheel axle bearing nut tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel axle bearing nut tightening device incorporates a control mechanism in its control system that includes checking the position of a tightening portion, checking whether a nut alignment ring is inserted, and checking the telescopic end of a hydraulic cylinder. 3. The wheel axle bearing nut tightening device according to claim 1, wherein:

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