JP3564708B2 - How to control glass reboil - Google Patents
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- JP3564708B2 JP3564708B2 JP11963593A JP11963593A JP3564708B2 JP 3564708 B2 JP3564708 B2 JP 3564708B2 JP 11963593 A JP11963593 A JP 11963593A JP 11963593 A JP11963593 A JP 11963593A JP 3564708 B2 JP3564708 B2 JP 3564708B2
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims description 118
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013681 dietary sucrose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 salt compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/033—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by using resistance heaters above or in the glass bath, i.e. by indirect resistance heating
- C03B5/0336—Shaft furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明はガラスのリボイルを抑制する方法に関し、特にMgO,Al2 O3 及びSiO2 を主成分とする高強度ガラス組成の原料を竪型電気溶融炉で溶融して得られるガラスのリボイルを抑制する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、ガラスを溶融する方法としては種々の方法があるが、ある程度以上の溶融量を要求される場合には、一般に、連続炉での溶融が行なわれる。特に、溶融温度が高い場合や溶融ガラスの揮発成分を含有する場合或いは高い熱効率を目指す場合には、溶融ガラスの表面をガラス原料(バッチ)の層で覆うコールドトップ方式で、下部にガラス素地出口を備えた竪型ガラス溶融炉での溶融が行なわれる場合が多い。とりわけ、MgO,Al2 O3 及びSiO2 を主成分とする高強度ガラス組成のガラスは難溶解性であるため、その溶融に高温を必要とすることから、コールドトップ方式の竪型溶融炉で溶解されることが多い。
【0003】
このようなコールドトップ竪型溶融炉としては、図1に示すように、炉10の最上部に原料投入口1を有し、炉10内の溶融ガラス4に浸漬した電極5によりガラスに直接通電し、発生するジュール熱によってガラスを加熱することによって、ガラス素地表面に供給したガラス原料3を溶融清澄化した後、炉10の底部に設けたガラス出口2よりガラスを作業部に搬送する構造のものが一般的である。また、本発明者等の考案による、図2に示すような、溶融ガラス4に浸漬する少なくとも一つのレベルに、当該レベルにおける炉10Aの水平断面のほぼ全領域にわたって開孔7を有する抵抗発熱体6を設けてガラスを加熱することによって、ガラス素地表面に供給したガラス原料3を溶融清澄化した後、炉10Aの底部に設けたガラス出口2よりガラスを作業部に搬送する構造の物もある(特開平1−167237号公報)。このような竪型溶融炉においては、ガラスの溶融清澄は、炉の深さ方向に進行する。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このように、ガラスの溶融清澄が炉の深さ方向に進行する竪型溶融炉においては、ガラス組成又はガラス原料によっては、溶融により得られるガラスを再溶融した場合、リボイルを起こし易いという不具合がある。なお、リボイルとは、泡のないガラスを再溶融するとガラス中に泡が出てくる現象を言う。
【0005】
このリボイル現象の原因の詳細は明らかではないが、ガラス原料中に酸素を発生する成分が無い場合でも、リボイル泡中に酸素が多く含まれることが多いことから、少なくともその一部は原料に含まれる空気中の酸素や原料表面に吸着されている酸素が溶融時に外部に抜けきらずに溶融ガラス中に溶存し、これにより溶融ガラスが酸化性に偏るのが原因と推定される。
【0006】
このような現象は、溶融ガラスの表面がガラス原料(バッチ)層で覆われるコールドトップ方式では、ガスがバッチ層を通過してその外部へ離脱し難いので特に促進され易い。また、溶融ガラスが下部の素地出口から取り出され、そのまま後工程へ搬送されるタイプの竪型ガラス溶融炉においては、溶融ガラス中へ溶存したガスが離脱する機会がなく、リボイルを起こし易くなるものと考えられる。
【0007】
本発明は、このような竪型溶融炉でMgO,Al2 O3 及びSiO2 を主成分とする高強度ガラス組成のガラスを溶融するに当り、得られるガラスのリボイルを防止して、高品質のガラスを製造する方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明のガラスのリボイル抑制方法は、MgO,Al2O3及びSiO2を主成分とする下記の高強度ガラス組成の原料を対象とするものである。
SiO 2 :60〜68重量%
Al 2 O 3 :17〜27重量%
B 2 O 3 :0〜2重量%
MgO :7〜17重量%
R 2 O :0〜1.5重量%
(ただし、R=Na,K,Li)
請求項1のガラスのリボイル抑制方法は、上部に原料投入部を有し、下部にガラス素地出口を備えた竪型ガラス溶融炉で溶融するに当り、該原料に0.01〜4重量%の還元剤を添加することを特徴とする。
【0009】
請求項3のガラスのリボイル抑制方法は、上部に原料投入部を有し、下部にガラス素地出口を備えた竪型ガラス溶融炉で溶融するに当り、該原料に0.05〜1重量%の塩化物を添加することを特徴とする。
【0010】
請求項5のガラスのリボイル抑制方法は、上部に原料投入部を有し、下部にガラス素地出口を備えた竪型ガラス溶融炉で溶融するに当り、ガラスのMgO原料として、炭酸マグネシウムをガラスに対するMgO換算割合で1.5重量%以上添加することを特徴とする。
【0011】
以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0012】
本発明の請求項1の方法においては、ガラス原料に所定量の還元剤を添加する。この方法において、原料に添加される還元剤としては、高温において酸素と反応し得る物質であれば良く、特に制限はないが、通常、ガラス原料に添加使用されているカーボン,サッカロース,シュウ酸又はその金属塩などが適している。この還元剤の添加量が0.01重量%未満ではリボイル抑制に充分な効果が得られず、0.01重量%以上の添加により初めて充分な効果が得られ、特に0.05重量%以上の添加で顕著な効果が得られる。なお、ガラスのリボイルし易さは、ガラス中の鉄分における2価の鉄分の割合で大まかに評価することができ、その値が50%未満ではガラスはリボイルし易いが、50%以上になるとリボイルを起こしにくくなるため、この鉄分の割合を指標として還元剤の添加量を調整するのは好ましい方法である。なお、還元剤の添加量は多くなり過ぎると泡の増加やガラス成分の還元によるガラスの着色等の問題が起こるので、還元剤の添加量は4重量%以下、望ましくは1重量%以下とする必要がある。
【0013】
本発明の請求項3の方法においては、ガラス原料に、ガスとして放出される際の問題が他のハロゲンに比べて比較的少なく、かつ安価な塩化物を添加する。この方法において、原料に添加する塩化物としては、ガラス成分を構成する金属の塩化物であれば良いが、MgCl2,AlCl3などは潮解性があったり分解温度が低いなどの問題点があることから、ガラス組成がNa2Oを含有する場合にはNaClを添加するのが望ましい。塩化物の添加量は0.05重量%未満ではリボイル抑制に充分な効果が得られず、0.05重量%以上の添加により初めて充分な効果が得られるが、その添加量が多くなり過ぎると溶解時に発生する塩素ガスの量が多くなるので、添加量は1重量%以下とする。
【0014】
本発明の請求項5の方法においては、ガラス原料としてMgO原料の少なくとも一部に炭酸マグネシウムを用いる。この場合、炭酸マグネシウムの添加量は、ガラスに対するMgO換算の重量割合で1.5重量%未満ではリボイル抑制に充分な効果が得られず、1.5重量%以上の添加により初めて充分な効果が得られる。ただし、その添加量が多くなると、炭酸マグネシウムは微粉で嵩高いために、それを多く使用したバッチは嵩高くなると共に、バッチの流動性が悪くなって、混合,投入が困難となる場合がある。そのため、炭酸マグネシウムの添加量は、多くの場合、このような不具合を防止するために、ガラスに対するMgO換算の重量割合で5重量%以下とするのが望ましい。
【0015】
本発明のガラスのリボイル抑制方法は、ガラスの溶融に当り、所定量の還元剤を添加する、所定量の塩化物を添加する、或いは、所定量の炭酸マグネシウムを用いること以外は、常法に従って実施することができる。
【0016】
【作用】
ガラス原料に還元剤を添加する請求項1のガラスのリボイル抑制方法においては、ガラス化反応過程で原料中に含まれる空気中の酸素や原料表面に吸着されている酸素を還元剤と反応させ、溶融ガラスが酸化性に偏ることを防ぐことによって、後工程における酸素リボイルを低減させることができる。
【0017】
ガラス原料に塩化物を添加する請求項3のガラスのリボイル抑制方法においては、リボイルを低減させることができる理由の詳細は明らかではないが、原料中に塩化物を添加すると、ガラス化反応過程で塩素の一部はガスとして離脱して行くことから、その際、原料中に含まれる空気中の酸素や原料表面に吸着されている酸素の離脱の促進或いはそれとの反応によって溶融ガラスが酸化性に偏ることを防ぎ、後工程における酸素リボイルを低減させることができることによるものと考えられる。また、ガラス化反応過程で塩素がガスとして離脱すると、ガラスは還元状態となるので、その際に原料中に含まれる空気中の酸素や原料表面に吸着されている酸素が周囲のガラスを酸化するために使われることによっても、溶融ガラスが酸化性に偏ることを防ぐことができるためと考えられる。
【0018】
ガラス原料としてMgOの少なくとも一部に炭酸マグネシウムを使用する請求項5のガラスのリボイル抑制方法においては、ガラス化反応過程で原料中に含まれる空気中の酸素や原料表面に吸着されている酸素を、マグネシウム炭酸塩の分解によって発生する炭酸ガスと共に離脱させ、溶融ガラスが酸化性に偏ることを防ぐことによって、後工程における酸素リボイルを低減させることができる。また、炭酸塩はガラス化反応過程で溶融ガラスを弱い還元状態とするので、その際に原料中に含まれる空気中の酸素や原料表面に吸着されている酸素が周囲のガラスを酸化するのに使われることによっても、溶融ガラスが酸化性に偏ることを防ぐことができるためと考えられる。
【0019】
【実施例】
以下に実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明はその要旨を超えない限り、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0020】
実施例1〜8,比較例1,2
酸化物に換算して表1に示す組成範囲にある高強度ガラス組成になるように、シリカ,クレー,タルク,アルミナ,炭酸マグネシウム,ホウ酸,炭酸ナトリウムを用いて調合した原料に、重量で表2上段に示した量のサッカロース又はNaClを添加したもの(比較例1では添加せず)を、白金るつぼを用いて1550℃の電気炉中で4時間溶融した。溶融したガラスは流し出し、厚さ約10mmの板状に成形した後徐冷した。なお、NaClを添加した場合には、NaClから入り込むNaに相当する分、炭酸ナトリウムを減じた。
【0021】
このガラスのリボイル性を、得られた板状ガラスから約30mm角のブロックを切り出し、これを白金るつぼに入れて1550℃の電気炉中で1時間再溶融し、るつぼ表面での発泡の程度を比較することによって評価した。発泡の程度を下記基準により三段階にランク付けしたものを表2に示す。
発泡性
A:白金表面での発泡無し
B:白金表面の一部で発泡
C:白金表面の全面で発泡
【0022】
【表1】
【0023】
【表2】
【0024】
表2より次のことが明らかである。
比較例1に示したリボイル抑制対策を施さなかった原料を溶融したガラスの場合には、るつぼ表面には泡が多数発生し、非常にリボイルし易いことを示している。これに対し、実施例1〜8に示した本発明のリボイル抑制対策を施した原料を溶融したガラスの場合には、るつぼ表面の発泡は起こらないか起こってもわずかであり、リボイル性は大幅に低減していることが分かる。なお、比較例2ではリボイルの防止は図れるが、溶融ガラス中に泡が増加したり、ガラスが着色するなどして好ましくない。
【0025】
なお、表2に示した比較例1および実施例3,7の原料について、図2に示した竪型溶融炉において、板状抵抗発熱体近傍の素地温で1600℃で溶融してガラスを得た。このガラス中にはいずれも泡は殆ど含まれていなかった。
【0026】
こうして得られたガラスから、底面に200個のチップを有するブッシングで直径7〜9μmのファイバーを紡糸した。その結果、比較例1に示したリボイル抑制対策を施さなかった原料を溶融して得られたガラスの場合には、糸切れが非常に多く連続紡糸は全く不可能であった。チップから自然流出させたガラスを観察すると、ガラス中にはリボイル泡と思われる泡が多数含まれていた。これに対し、実施例3,7に示した本発明のリボイル抑制対策を施した原料を溶融して得られたガラスの場合には、糸切れは非常に減少し、糸切れ頻度0.5回/時間以下で連続紡糸可能であった。
【0027】
また、比較例1及び実施例3の原料を溶融して得られたガラスについて、含まれる全鉄に対する2価の鉄の割合を調べたところ、比較例1の原料を溶融したガラスの場合には48%であったが、実施例3の原料を溶融したガラスの場合には55%であった。
【0028】
実施例9〜12,比較例3
酸化物に換算して表1に示した組成範囲にある高強度ガラス組成になるように、シリカ,クレー,タルク,アルミナ,炭酸マグネシウム,ホウ酸,炭酸ナトリウムを用い、炭酸マグネシウムの量がガラスに対するMgOの重量%で表3に示した割合となるように調合した原料(ただし、比較例3では炭酸マグネシウム添加せず。)を、白金るつぼを用いて1550℃の電気炉中で4時間溶融した。溶融したガラスは流し出し、厚さ約10mmの板状に成形した後徐冷した。
【0029】
このガラスのリボイル性を、実施例1と同様に調べて評価し、結果を表3に示した。
【0030】
【表3】
【0031】
表3より次のことが明らかである。
比較例3に示したリボイル抑制対策を施さなかった原料を溶融したガラスの場合には、るつぼ表面には泡が多数発生し、非常にリボイルし易いことを示している。これに対し、実施例9〜12に示した本発明のリボイル抑制対策を施した原料を溶融したガラスの場合には、るつぼ表面の発泡は起こらないか起こってもわずかであり、リボイル性は大幅に低減していることが分かる。
【0032】
表3に示した比較例3及び実施例11の原料について、図2に示した竪型溶融炉において、板状抵抗発熱体近傍の素地温で1600℃で溶融してガラスを得た。このガラス中にはいずれも泡は殆ど含まれていなかった。
【0033】
こうして得られたガラスから、底面に200個のチップを有するブッシングで直径7〜9μmのファイバーを紡糸した。その結果、比較例3に示したリボイル抑制対策を施さなかった原料を溶融して得られたガラスの場合には、糸切れが非常に多く連続紡糸は全く不可能であった。チップから自然流出させたガラスを観察すると、ガラス中にはリボイル泡と思われる泡が多数含まれていた。これに対し、実施例11に示した本発明のリボイル抑制対策を施した原料を溶融して得られたガラスの場合には、糸切れは非常に減少し、糸切れ頻度0.5回/時間以下で連続紡糸可能であった。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述した通り、本発明のガラスのリボイル抑制方法によれば、上部に原料投入部を有し、下部にガラス素地出口を備えた竪型ガラス溶融炉で溶融されるMgO,Al2 O3 及びSiO2 を主成分とする高強度ガラス組成のガラスの、後工程でのリボイルによる泡発生を大幅に抑制することが可能とされ、特に、ファイバー紡糸時のリボイル泡による糸切れを大幅に減少させることができ、高強度ファイバーの生産性を向上させることが可能とされる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】従来の竪型ガラス溶融炉の縦断面図である。
【図2】従来の竪型ガラス溶融炉の縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 原料投入口
2 ガラス出口
3 ガラス原料
4 溶融ガラス
5 電極
6 板状抵抗発熱体
10,10A 炉[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a method for suppressing glass reboil, and more particularly to a method for suppressing glass reboil obtained by melting a raw material having a high-strength glass composition containing MgO, Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 as main components in a vertical electric melting furnace. On how to do it.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there are various methods for melting glass, but when a certain amount or more of melting is required, melting is generally performed in a continuous furnace. Particularly, when the melting temperature is high, when the volatile components of the molten glass are contained, or when high thermal efficiency is aimed at, a cold-top method in which the surface of the molten glass is covered with a layer of glass raw material (batch), and a glass base outlet at the bottom In many cases, melting is carried out in a vertical glass melting furnace provided with. In particular, since a glass having a high-strength glass composition containing MgO, Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 as main components is hardly soluble, a high temperature is required for melting the same. Often dissolved.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 1, such a cold-top vertical melting furnace has a raw material inlet 1 at the uppermost part of a
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Thus, in the vertical melting furnace melt refining of the glass proceeds in the depth direction of the furnace, the glass composition or glass raw material, when remelting a glass obtained by melting, disadvantageously prone to reboil is there. Note that reboil refers to a phenomenon in which bubbles appear in glass when the glass without bubbles is re-melted.
[0005]
Although the details of the cause of this reboil phenomenon are not clear, even when there is no component that generates oxygen in the glass raw material, since the reboil foam often contains a large amount of oxygen, at least a part thereof is included in the raw material. It is presumed that oxygen in the air or oxygen adsorbed on the surface of the raw material does not escape to the outside at the time of melting and dissolves in the molten glass, thereby causing the molten glass to be oxidized.
[0006]
In the cold-top method in which the surface of the molten glass is covered with a glass material (batch) layer, such a phenomenon is particularly easily promoted because the gas hardly escapes through the batch layer to the outside. Further, in a vertical glass melting furnace of a type in which molten glass is taken out from a lower material outlet and transported to a subsequent process as it is, there is no opportunity for gas dissolved in the molten glass to be released, and reboil is likely to occur. it is conceivable that.
[0007]
In the present invention, when melting a glass having a high-strength glass composition containing MgO, Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 as main components in such a vertical melting furnace, the obtained glass is prevented from being reboiled and high quality is obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing glass.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The glass reboil suppression method of the present invention is directed to a raw material having the following high-strength glass composition containing MgO, Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 as main components .
SiO 2 : 60 to 68% by weight
Al 2 O 3 : 17 to 27% by weight
B 2 O 3 : 0 to 2% by weight
MgO: 7 to 17% by weight
R 2 O: 0 to 1.5% by weight
(However, R = Na, K, Li)
In the method for suppressing glass reboil according to claim 1, when the raw material is melted in a vertical glass melting furnace having a raw material charging portion at an upper portion and a glass base outlet at a lower portion, 0.01 to 4% by weight of the raw material is used. It is characterized by adding a reducing agent.
[0009]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for suppressing glass reboil, wherein the raw material is melted in a vertical glass melting furnace having an upper portion having a material input portion and a lower portion of a glass material outlet. It is characterized by adding chloride.
[0010]
In the method for suppressing glass reboil according to
[0011]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0012]
In the method of the first aspect of the present invention, a predetermined amount of a reducing agent is added to a glass raw material. In this method, the reducing agent added to the raw material may be any substance that can react with oxygen at a high temperature, and is not particularly limited. Usually, carbon, saccharose, oxalic acid, The metal salt is suitable. If the amount of the reducing agent is less than 0.01% by weight, a sufficient effect for suppressing reboil cannot be obtained, and a sufficient effect can be obtained only when the amount is 0.01% by weight or more, and particularly 0.05% by weight or more. A remarkable effect can be obtained by the addition. The ease of reboiling of the glass can be roughly evaluated by the ratio of divalent iron to the iron in the glass. When the value is less than 50%, the glass is easily reboiled. Therefore, it is a preferable method to adjust the amount of the reducing agent to be added using the iron content as an index. If the amount of the reducing agent is too large, problems such as an increase in bubbles and coloring of the glass due to the reduction of the glass component occur. Therefore, the amount of the reducing agent is 4% by weight or less, preferably 1% by weight or less. There is a need.
[0013]
In the method according to the third aspect of the present invention, an inexpensive chloride is added to the glass raw material, which has a relatively small problem when released as a gas as compared with other halogens. In this method, the chloride to be added to the raw material may be a chloride of a metal constituting the glass component, but MgCl 2 , AlCl 3 and the like have problems such as deliquescent and a low decomposition temperature. Therefore, when the glass composition contains Na 2 O, it is desirable to add NaCl. If the amount of chloride is less than 0.05% by weight, a sufficient effect on reboil suppression cannot be obtained, and if the amount of chloride is 0.05% by weight or more, a sufficient effect can be obtained for the first time. Since the amount of chlorine gas generated at the time of dissolution increases, the addition amount is 1% by weight or less.
[0014]
In the method according to
[0015]
Reboil suppression method for a glass of the present invention, impinge on the molten glass, the addition of predetermined amount of the reducing agent, the addition of a predetermined amount of a salt compound, or, except using magnesium carbonate predetermined amount, according to a conventional method Can be implemented.
[0016]
[Action]
In the method for suppressing reboil of glass according to claim 1, wherein a reducing agent is added to the glass raw material, oxygen in the air contained in the raw material or oxygen adsorbed on the surface of the raw material is reacted with the reducing agent in the vitrification reaction process, Oxygen reboil in the post-process can be reduced by preventing the molten glass from being biased toward oxidization.
[0017]
In the method for suppressing the reboil of glass according to
[0018]
In the method for suppressing glass reboil according to
[0019]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples as long as the gist of the present invention is not exceeded.
[0020]
Examples 1 to 8, Comparative Examples 1 and 2
Raw materials prepared using silica, clay, talc, alumina, magnesium carbonate, boric acid, and sodium carbonate so as to have a high-strength glass composition in the composition range shown in Table 1 in terms of oxides are expressed in terms of weight. 2. The one to which the amount of saccharose or NaCl shown in the upper row was added (not added in Comparative Example 1) was melted for 4 hours in a 1550 ° C. electric furnace using a platinum crucible. The molten glass was poured out, formed into a plate having a thickness of about 10 mm, and then gradually cooled. In addition, when NaCl was added, sodium carbonate was reduced by an amount corresponding to Na entering from NaCl.
[0021]
The reboilability of this glass was determined by cutting out a block of about 30 mm square from the obtained sheet glass, placing it in a platinum crucible and remelting it in an electric furnace at 1550 ° C. for 1 hour to determine the degree of foaming on the crucible surface. It was evaluated by comparison. Table 2 shows three levels of the degree of foaming according to the following criteria.
Foaming A: No foaming on platinum surface B: Foaming on a part of platinum surface C: Foaming on entire surface of platinum surface
[Table 1]
[0023]
[Table 2]
[0024]
The following is clear from Table 2.
In the case of the glass obtained by melting the raw material not subjected to the reboil suppression measure shown in Comparative Example 1, a large number of bubbles were generated on the crucible surface, indicating that the reboil was very easy. On the other hand, in the case of glass in which the raw material subjected to the reboil suppression measures of the present invention shown in Examples 1 to 8 was melted, foaming of the crucible surface did not occur or was slight, and the reboilability was significantly increased. It can be seen that it has been reduced to In Comparative Example 2, although reboil can be prevented, bubbles are increased in the molten glass and the glass is colored, which is not preferable.
[0025]
In addition, the raw materials of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 3 and 7 shown in Table 2 were melted at 1600 ° C. in the vertical melting furnace shown in FIG. Was. All of the glasses contained almost no bubbles.
[0026]
From the glass thus obtained, a fiber having a diameter of 7 to 9 μm was spun by a bushing having 200 chips on the bottom surface. As a result, in the case of the glass obtained by melting the raw material not subjected to the reboil suppression measures shown in Comparative Example 1, the thread breakage was so large that continuous spinning was impossible at all. Observation of the glass spontaneously flowed out of the chip revealed that the glass contained a large number of bubbles that seemed to be reboiled. On the other hand, in the case of the glass obtained by melting the raw material subjected to the reboil suppression measures of the present invention shown in Examples 3 and 7, the number of thread breaks was extremely reduced, and the frequency of thread breakage was 0.5 times. / Hour or less could be continuously spun.
[0027]
In addition, the glass obtained by melting the raw materials of Comparative Example 1 and Example 3 was examined for the ratio of divalent iron to the total iron contained therein. It was 48%, but in the case of the glass obtained by melting the raw material of Example 3, it was 55%.
[0028]
Examples 9 to 12, Comparative Example 3
Using silica, clay, talc, alumina, magnesium carbonate, boric acid, and sodium carbonate so that the high-strength glass composition falls within the composition range shown in Table 1 in terms of oxide, and the amount of magnesium carbonate is relative to the glass. A raw material prepared so that the ratio by weight of MgO was as shown in Table 3 (however, magnesium carbonate was not added in Comparative Example 3) was melted in a 1550 ° C. electric furnace for 4 hours using a platinum crucible. . The molten glass was poured out, formed into a plate having a thickness of about 10 mm, and then gradually cooled.
[0029]
The reboilability of this glass was examined and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 3.
[0030]
[Table 3]
[0031]
The following is clear from Table 3.
In the case of the glass obtained by melting the raw material not subjected to the reboil suppression measures shown in Comparative Example 3, a large number of bubbles were generated on the crucible surface, indicating that the reboil was very easy. On the other hand, in the case of the glass obtained by melting the raw material subjected to the reboil suppression measures of the present invention shown in Examples 9 to 12, foaming on the crucible surface does not occur or occurs only slightly, and the reboilability is greatly increased. It can be seen that it has been reduced to
[0032]
The raw materials of Comparative Example 3 and Example 11 shown in Table 3 were melted at 1600 ° C. in the vertical melting furnace shown in FIG. 2 at a base temperature near the plate-shaped resistance heating element to obtain glass. All of the glasses contained almost no bubbles.
[0033]
From the glass thus obtained, a fiber having a diameter of 7 to 9 μm was spun by a bushing having 200 chips on the bottom surface. As a result, in the case of the glass obtained by melting the raw material not subjected to the reboil suppression measures shown in Comparative Example 3, the thread breakage was so large that continuous spinning was impossible at all. Observation of the glass spontaneously flowed out of the chip revealed that the glass contained a large number of bubbles that seemed to be reboiled. On the other hand, in the case of the glass obtained by melting the raw material subjected to the reboil suppression measure of the present invention shown in Example 11, thread breakage was greatly reduced, and the frequency of thread breakage was 0.5 times / hour. In the following, continuous spinning was possible.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, according to the glass reboil suppression method of the present invention, MgO, Al 2 O 3 which is melted in a vertical glass melting furnace having a raw material charging section at the upper part and a glass base outlet at the lower part. and SiO 2 glass high strength glass composition whose main component is possible to greatly suppress foam generation by reboiling in the subsequent step, in particular, significantly reduces the yarn breakage due to reboil bubbles during fiber spinning It is possible to improve the productivity of the high-strength fiber.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional vertical glass melting furnace.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional vertical glass melting furnace.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1
Claims (5)
SiO 2 :60〜68重量%
Al 2 O 3 :17〜27重量%
B 2 O 3 :0〜2重量%
MgO :7〜17重量%
R 2 O :0〜1.5重量%
(ただし、R=Na,K,Li) A raw material having the following high-strength glass composition containing MgO, Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 as main components is melted in a vertical glass melting furnace having a raw material input section at an upper portion and a glass base outlet at a lower portion. A reboil suppression method for glass, characterized in that 0.01 to 4% by weight of a reducing agent is added to the raw material.
SiO 2 : 60 to 68% by weight
Al 2 O 3 : 17 to 27% by weight
B 2 O 3 : 0 to 2% by weight
MgO: 7 to 17% by weight
R 2 O: 0 to 1.5% by weight
(However, R = Na, K, Li)
SiO 2 :60〜68重量%
Al 2 O 3 :17〜27重量%
B 2 O 3 :0〜2重量%
MgO :7〜17重量%
R 2 O :0〜1.5重量%
(ただし、R=Na,K,Li) A raw material having the following high-strength glass composition containing MgO, Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 as main components is melted in a vertical glass melting furnace having a raw material input section at an upper portion and a glass base outlet at a lower portion. per, reboil suppression method for a glass, characterized in that the addition of raw material to 0.05 wt% of salt products.
SiO 2 : 60 to 68% by weight
Al 2 O 3 : 17 to 27% by weight
B 2 O 3 : 0 to 2% by weight
MgO: 7 to 17% by weight
R 2 O: 0 to 1.5% by weight
(However, R = Na, K, Li)
SiO 2 :60〜68重量%
Al 2 O 3 :17〜27重量%
B 2 O 3 :0〜2重量%
MgO :7〜17重量%
R 2 O :0〜1.5重量%
(ただし、R=Na,K,Li) A raw material having the following high-strength glass composition containing MgO, Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 as main components is melted in a vertical glass melting furnace having a raw material input section at an upper portion and a glass base outlet at a lower portion. A reboil suppressing method for glass, characterized in that magnesium carbonate is added as a MgO raw material for glass in an amount of 1.5% by weight or more in terms of MgO based on glass.
SiO 2 : 60 to 68% by weight
Al 2 O 3 : 17 to 27% by weight
B 2 O 3 : 0 to 2% by weight
MgO: 7 to 17% by weight
R 2 O: 0 to 1.5% by weight
(However, R = Na, K, Li)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11963593A JP3564708B2 (en) | 1993-05-21 | 1993-05-21 | How to control glass reboil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11963593A JP3564708B2 (en) | 1993-05-21 | 1993-05-21 | How to control glass reboil |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JPH06329421A JPH06329421A (en) | 1994-11-29 |
| JP3564708B2 true JP3564708B2 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
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| JP11963593A Expired - Lifetime JP3564708B2 (en) | 1993-05-21 | 1993-05-21 | How to control glass reboil |
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