JP3552507B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, a musical tone is generated by musical tone generating means based on performance information input from performance input means such as a keyboard, and a pitch, tone, and the like are changed in real time by a player's operation on the generated musical tone. About musical instruments.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as this type of electronic musical instrument, elements of musical sounds such as pitch and tone are controlled according to operation of a modulation wheel or a pitch bend wheel provided on an operation panel or operation of a foot pedal provided below a foot. There is something. Further, there is a type in which a vibrato or tone is controlled in accordance with a keyboard operation by detecting a key pressing pressure with an aftertouch sensor provided in the keyboard.
[0003]
These techniques are designed to enhance the performance of electronic musical instruments by simulating, for example, playing the electric guitar using the tremolo arm, playing the guitar with choking, or playing the vibrato of various instruments. is there.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there is a problem that skill is required to simultaneously operate the modulation wheel, pitch bend wheel, foot pedal, and the like as described above. Further, in a keyboard using the above-described various controls and after-touch sensors, the manner in which the musical tone changes depends on the operation amount of the controls and the key pressing pressure, and the expression tends to be monotonous.
[0005]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument in which the pitch, tone, and the like are changed in real time by a player's operation with respect to a musical tone being sounded, so that the element of the musical tone can be varied in a expressive manner with a simple operation. And
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic musical instrument in which a musical sound is generated by a musical sound generating means based on a performance operation of a musical performance input means. And a musical sound element modulating means for modulating a musical sound element generated by the musical sound generating means based on a waveform of a free vibration based on the shock detected by the shock sensor. And
[0007]
According to the electronic musical instrument of the first aspect configured as described above, the musical sound generating means generates a musical sound based on a performance operation in the performance input means, and when a physical shock given from outside is detected by the shock sensor, The musical sound element modulating means modulates the musical sound elements generated by the musical sound generating means based on the waveform of the free vibration based on the impact .
Therefore, when modulating the tone element, a simple operation such as applying a blow to the impact sensor may be used. In addition, the waveform (modulation signal) on which the modulation is based also changes every time in accordance with the strength of the strike and the manner in which the strike is given. Changes.
[0008]
An electronic musical instrument according to claim 2, wherein the performance input means is a keyboard for designating a pitch of a musical tone, and the shock sensor is a pad disposed near the keyboard. Since the pad is disposed near the keyboard as the performance input means, it is easy to play and operate.
Conventionally, there is an electronic drum that simulates the performance of a drum using a pad. When the pad is polished, the electronic drum emits a sound of a tone previously assigned to the pad. . However, the electronic musical instrument of the present invention modulates a musical tone being produced based on a shock waveform, and has a fundamental configuration different from that of an electronic drum.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an input section and a sound source of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. The input unit outputs a key code designated by a keyboard or the like and a velocity detected from an initial touch sensor or the like to a sound source. As a result, the sound source performs, for example, key scaling based on the key code, and generates a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the key code at an initial volume according to the velocity.
[0010]
In addition, a breath controller, an after touch sensor, a foot volume, a modulation wheel, a pitch bend wheel, and the like can be used for the input unit, and the data of the modulation depth is controlled according to the output of these sensors and the operation amount. The modulation depth according to the sensor output and the operation amount has characteristics as shown in FIG. 6, for example. By outputting the data of the modulation depth to the sound source, the tone can be modulated.
[0011]
That is, the sound source includes an LFO (Low Frequency Oscillator) and an EG (Envelope Generator) for modulating pitch, filter characteristics, amplitude, and panning, and performs LFO based on data of modulation depth from the input unit. The characteristics of the output signal (peak value, peak-to-peak, frequency, etc.) and the envelope shape of the EG output are controlled, and the pitch, filter characteristics, amplitude, and panning are controlled by the LFO output signal or the EG envelope. Modulated.
[0012]
An example of the modulation is as follows. By modulating the pitch with the LFO, for example, vibrato can be obtained, and by modulating the pitch with the EG, for example, simulation of auto bend or drum skin vibration can be performed. The tone can be changed by modulating the filter characteristics with LFO or EG. By modulating the amplitude with the LFO, a tremolo is obtained, for example, and by modulating the amplitude with the EG, the envelope shape of the musical sound waveform can be changed. Further, the sound image localization can be oscillated by modulating the panning with the LFO, and the sound image localization can be moved by modulating the panning with the EG. Note that, in addition to these modulations, effects can be provided by an effector or the like.
[0013]
As described above, the tone can be modulated in accordance with various sensor outputs and operation amounts. In addition to the above control, the impact waveform or the envelope signal of the impact sensed by the impact sensor is converted into a modulation depth and output to the sound source. The pitch, the filter characteristics, the amplitude, and the panning can be modulated based on the modulation depth obtained by the impact sensor.
[0014]
In addition, the present invention may include the above-described impact sensor together with various sensors and operating elements such as a breath controller, an after touch sensor, a foot volume, a modulation wheel, a pitch bend wheel, or a combination thereof as described above. A sensor alone may be used. The performance input means for inputting the key code at the input unit is not limited to the keyboard, but may be a key of a wind-type electronic musical instrument, a tone hole open / close sensor, a piston valve, or the like.
[0015]
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an external appearance of an electronic musical instrument according to one embodiment of the present invention. This electronic musical instrument has a keyboard 1 as a performance input means and a pad 2 as an impact sensor beside the keyboard 1. ing. In addition, on the rear of the keyboard 1 and the pad 2, a wheel 3 operated for performing modulation, pitch bend, etc., a slide switch 4 for manually setting volume and panning, etc., a liquid crystal display panel 5, various operation switches 6, and a tone color A selection switch group 7 and the like are provided. The "tone color" selected by the tone color selection switch group 7 corresponds to the type of musical instrument and the like, and has a different meaning from the "tone color" when the tone changes due to modulation or the like.
[0016]
FIG. 5A is a plan view of the pad 2 of the embodiment, and FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 5A. In FIG. 5B, hatching is omitted for simplicity. The pad 2 has a structure in which the surface of the iron plate 21 is covered with a rubber pad 22 and a piezo element 23 is disposed on the back surface of the iron plate 21, and the back surface of the piezo element 23 (the surface opposite to the iron plate 21) is not shown. It is fixed to a frame or the like. When the surface of the pad 2 (rubber pad 22) is hit with a hand or a stick or the like, the impact force of the hit causes the iron plate 21 to vertically vibrate or swing, whereby distortion is applied to the piezo element 23 and the piezo element 23 is distorted. Outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the distortion.
[0017]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a main part of the electronic musical instrument of the embodiment. A key event occurring on the keyboard 1 is detected by a key scanning circuit 10, and the key scanning circuit 10 generates a pitch corresponding to the key code of the key having the key event. The data and the key on / off signal are output to the channel assignment circuit 20. Here, the tone generator 30 performs time-division multiplexing processing on a plurality of channels so that a plurality of sounds can be generated substantially simultaneously. Therefore, the channel allocation circuit 20 generates channel data by allocating sounding channels by searching or truncating a vacant channel of the tone generator circuit 30 and generating channel data in response to a key-on signal from the key scan circuit 10 together with the pitch data. Latch data out. Of the latch output, channel data is supplied to the tone generator circuit 30, and pitch data is supplied to the arithmetic circuit 70.
[0018]
When the channel data and the pitch data are latched, the channel assignment circuit 20 outputs a note-on signal to the tone generator circuit 30 to instruct sound generation. In response to the key-off signal, the key-off signal is output to the tone generator circuit 30 together with the channel data of the currently sounding channel to issue a mute instruction.
[0019]
On the other hand, the voltage signal generated at the pad 2 is input to the detection circuit 40. The detection circuit 40 amplifies the voltage signal, performs A / D conversion of the amplified voltage signal, and obtains a digital signal obtained by the A / D conversion. The data is sequentially output to the envelope circuit 50 and the selector 60. That is, the detection circuit 40 outputs time-series shock waveform data (digital data) obtained by sampling the shock waveform of the shock applied to the piezo element 23 in the pad 2 in the conversion cycle of the A / D conversion. The envelope circuit 50 generates envelope waveform data corresponding to the envelope of the shock waveform based on the shock waveform data from the detection circuit 40, and outputs the envelope waveform data to the selector 60. The selector 60 selectively switches input data from the envelope circuit 50 and the detection circuit 40 and outputs the data to the arithmetic circuit 70 according to the state of the changeover switch 71 of the operation switch group 7.
[0020]
That is, the pitch data latched and output from the channel assignment circuit 20 is supplied to the arithmetic circuit 70 as a modulated signal, and the shock waveform data or the envelope waveform data output from the selector 60 is sent to the arithmetic circuit 70 as a modulated signal. Supplied. The arithmetic circuit 70 performs a predetermined arithmetic operation on the pitch data based on the shock waveform data or the envelope waveform data, and outputs the modulated pitch data to the tone generator circuit 30. Then, the tone generator 30 generates a tone signal corresponding to the pitch data modulated in the channel indicated by the channel data input from the channel assignment circuit 20, and the sound system 80 generates a tone.
[0021]
As a configuration for performing the pitch bend with the wheel 3, for example, a controller 31 is disposed between the channel assignment circuit 20 and the arithmetic circuit 70 as shown by a dashed line in FIG. Accordingly, the controller 31 can be configured to modulate the pitch data. However, when the wheel 3 is not operated, the controller 31 does not substantially modulate the pitch data. 31 has been omitted.
[0022]
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the modulation depth in the arithmetic circuit 70. FIG. 3A shows the modulation depth based on the shock waveform data, and FIG. 3B shows the modulation depth based on the envelope waveform data. Is shown. For example, when the amplitude of the shock waveform data is "0", the modulation depth is set to "1", and the pitch is modulated by multiplying the value of the modulation depth by the pitch data. The shock waveform is a sharp rising waveform that cannot be obtained by a conventional controller or the like. Further, the duration of one impact is on the order of about 0.1 sec, and the impact waveform data is characterized by violent shaking within this short time.
[0023]
Furthermore, the impact waveform differs between the case where the impact is applied to the center of the pad and the case where the impact is applied to the edge of the pad, and the impact waveform differs between when the impact is applied by hand and when the impact is applied using a stick or the like. Differently, the waveform differs depending on how the impact is applied. For this reason, various waveforms can be obtained depending on how the impact is applied, for example, as shown in the three types of impact waveform data (and the envelope waveform data) shown in the figure, and the modulation method is also varied.
[0024]
In addition, by changing the mass and the damping characteristics of the iron plate 21 of the pad 2, for example, when a shock is applied, a shock wave of a vibration having a frequency lower than the audible region can be obtained, and the modulation is performed based on such a shock wave. You can do it too.
[0025]
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the pitch is modulated has been described. However, as described with reference to FIG. 1 described above, other components or a plurality of components of the musical tone such as the timbre, the amplitude, and the panning may be modulated.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the electronic musical instrument of the first aspect of the present invention, in order to modulate the tone element, a simple operation such as, for example, hitting the impact sensor is sufficient. The waveform of the free vibration based on the shock that is the basis of the modulation signal that modulates the element changes every time according to the strength of this strike and the way of giving the strike, so by changing the strength of the strike and the way of giving the strike, Elements of musical sounds can be varied with expressive power.
[0027]
According to the electronic musical instrument of the present invention, since the impact sensor is provided beside the keyboard, the performance operation and the modulation operation are facilitated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an input unit and a sound source of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a main block diagram of the electronic musical instrument according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a modulation depth in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an external appearance of the electronic musical instrument according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view and a sectional view of a pad according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating characteristics of modulation depth according to various sensor outputs and operation amounts of an operation element.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... keyboard (performance input means), 2 ... pad (shock sensor), 30 ... sound source circuit, 50 ... envelope circuit, 70 ... arithmetic circuit.

Claims (2)

In an electronic musical instrument that generates musical tones by musical sound generating means based on a performance operation in a performance input means,
An impact sensor that is provided separately from the performance input means and senses a physical impact given from outside;
Musical tone element modulating means for modulating elements of musical tones generated by the musical tone generating means based on a waveform of free vibration based on a shock detected by the shock sensor;
An electronic musical instrument comprising: 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the performance input means is a keyboard for designating a pitch of a musical tone, and the shock sensor is a pad arranged near the keyboard.

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