JP3551848B2 - Method for producing emulsifier composition based on mixed composition of sucrose fatty acid ester and polyglycerin fatty acid ester - Google Patents

Method for producing emulsifier composition based on mixed composition of sucrose fatty acid ester and polyglycerin fatty acid ester Download PDF

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JP3551848B2
JP3551848B2 JP23357499A JP23357499A JP3551848B2 JP 3551848 B2 JP3551848 B2 JP 3551848B2 JP 23357499 A JP23357499 A JP 23357499A JP 23357499 A JP23357499 A JP 23357499A JP 3551848 B2 JP3551848 B2 JP 3551848B2
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fatty acid
acid ester
sucrose fatty
polyglycerin
weight
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JP2001057853A (en
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浩胤 城戸
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとの混合組成物を主体とする乳化剤組成物の製造方法、及びその製造方法で製造された乳化組成物を含有する飲食品に関する。詳しくは、抗菌性乳化剤を含み溶解性が改良された乳化剤組成物の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
飲食品には変敗を防止する目的で抗菌性乳化剤が添加されている。特にミルクコーヒー等の缶飲料には、ショ糖脂肪酸モノエステルが好ましいことが知られている(特開昭56−18578号公報、同60−199345号公報など)。しかし、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルは酸性条件下では溶解性が悪いため沈殿を生じることが多く保存安定性の面で問題があ
るため、分散性を改良するためにポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを併用することが提案されている(特開平7−289875号公報)。また、近年のPETボトル等の透明容器入りの飲料の需要増大に対応して透明な外観を有する飲料に適した抗菌剤として、モノエステル含量が93%重量以上のショ糖脂肪酸エステルが知られている(特開平10ー70971号公報)。
【0003】
モノエステル純度90%以上のショ糖脂肪酸エステルとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを含有する乳化剤組成物を製造する方法としては、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを直接混合すると均一混合が難しいため、従来はショ糖脂肪酸エステルを一旦プロピレングリコールに溶解させた後、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを混合していた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、この様な製造方法によって製造された乳化組成物を飲食品に使用すると、保存中、飲食品中の共存成分によって濁りや沈澱を生じて外観を損なったり、抗菌効果が低下するという問題があった。また、添加したショ糖脂肪酸エステルそれ自体が析出して濁りや沈澱となる場合もあった。更にプロピレングリコールは食品の風味を害するという問題もあった。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記のような点に鑑み鋭意検討した結果、特定の順序に従って混合することによりプロピレングリコールを用いなくても均一混合溶液を得ることができ、しかも、この乳化剤組成物は、水への溶解性が高く透明または半透明な飲料への使用に適していることを見出した。
すなわち、本発明の要旨は、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとの混合組成物を主体とする乳化剤組成物を製造するに当たり、あらかじめショ糖脂肪酸エステルを水に溶解し、これとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとを混合することを特徴とする乳化剤組成物の製造方法に存する。
更に、前記製造方法で製造された乳化剤組成物を含有する飲食品に存する。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
本発明の乳化剤組成物は、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルを水に溶解し、これとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを混合することによって製造する。
本発明で使用されるショ糖脂肪酸エステルは、抗菌性が強く且つ密封容器で問題となる微生物に対する抗菌スペクトルが広い点で炭素数が8〜18の脂肪酸を構成脂肪酸とするショ糖脂肪酸エステルが好ましい。中でも、抗菌性の強さの点から、ショ糖パルミチン酸エステルが好ましい。ショ糖脂肪酸エステル中のモノエステル純度は飲食品中の溶解性の観点から好ましくは50%以上、更に好ましくは70%以上、更に好ましくは80%以上、特に好ましくは90%以上である。本発明で使用されるショ糖脂肪酸エステルは、通常は固体である。
【0007】
ショ糖脂肪酸エステルと水の適切な割合は、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの種類によって異なるが、一般に相図上でショ糖脂肪酸エステルと水がラメラ液晶を作る領域より低濃度の等方性領域(ミセル、キュービック相)での割合が好ましい。ショ糖脂肪酸エステルと水がラメラ液晶がつくるとショ糖脂肪酸エステルが水に均一溶解し難くなり、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルと水が等方性溶液をつくるとショ糖脂肪酸エステルが水に均一に溶解し易くなるからである。等方性領域は、種々の組成のショ糖脂肪酸エステル水溶液を作成し、溶解平衡に達した後、その液相状態を観察することによって見つけることが出来る(論文、国枝博信他、日本油化学会誌、45、9 、849 〜855 、1996)。一般には、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル
1重量部を0.1重量部以上の水に溶解させるが、例えば、モノエステル純度90%以上のショ糖脂肪酸エステルは、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル1重量部を0.5重量部以上の水に溶解させることが好ましい。ショ糖脂肪酸エステル中のモノエステル含量が低下すると溶解させる水の量はより少なくてよい。モノエステル純度50%以上のショ糖脂肪酸エステルでも、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル1重量部を0.5重量部以上の水に溶解させることが好ましい。
【0008】
ショ糖脂肪酸エステルを水に溶解させる方法としては、例えばショ糖脂肪酸エステルを一度冷水に分散させ、その後、60〜70℃に加熱して、均一溶解するまで攪拌し、室温に戻す方法があげられる。均一溶解されていない場合、室温に戻した時に、粒が観察されたり、沈殿したりする。尚、水に溶解させるとは、水と混合して均一液体又は均一半固体とすることをいう。
本発明で使用するポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは、風味の点から、脂肪酸の炭素鎖長が12以上であるポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルが好ましい。これらの中では、構成脂肪酸がラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、オレイン酸またはベヘン酸のエステルが好ましく、特にポリグリセリンミリスチン酸エステルが好ましい。ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルにおけるポリグリセリンの重合度は任意であるが、親水性の点から、平均重合度4以上、特に6以上であることが好ましい。
【0009】
また、本発明で使用するポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル組成物を8重量%の硫酸ナトリウム水溶液に1重量%で溶解させた溶液で測定した曇点が35℃以上であることが好ましく、更には50℃以上であることが好ましい。「曇点」とは、水和している非イオン性界面活性剤が高温で脱水和して水から分離してくる現象であり、ポリオキシエチレン系の界面活性剤では良く知られている。通常、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは、ポリグリセリンを脂肪酸でエステル化して製造されるため、未反応のポリグリセリン、モノ、ジ、トリ等の種々のエステル体からなる組成物となる。曇点は、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの構造組成に鋭敏であり脂肪酸石鹸の影響をも反映するので親水性の程度や組成の違いをより正確に識別することが出来る上に、測定も簡便であることから、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの特徴を表す指標としてHLB(親水性と疎水性のバランス)よりも有用である。通常、親水性が強いほど曇点は高くなる。また、エステル化率が同じであってもモノエステル含量が多いエステル組成の方がより親水性が高く、曇点も高くなる。
【0010】
曇点測定法としては,通常、1〜30%の塩化ナトリウムまたは硫酸ナトリウム溶液にポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを溶解した後に測定する必要があるが、その条件は対象となる試料の溶解性により異なる。本発明の場合、まずポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを1重量%となるように8%硫酸ナトリウム水溶液に分散し、加熱しながら攪拌し、均一な水溶液とする。そして得られたポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの均一水溶液を、0℃以上100℃以下の任意の温度で2〜5℃刻みに振とう攪拌・静地し、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルが油状あるいはゲル状のごとく分離し、不均一水溶液となった状態を測定する。この不均一状態を「曇点」と呼び、本発明ではその温度を求める。
【0011】
ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは、一般的にはポリグリセリンと脂肪酸をアルカリ触媒存在下に180〜260℃の温度で反応させることにより得られる。ポリグリセリンに対して脂肪酸の仕込み比率が大きいと曇点の低い組成物が得られ、逆の場合は曇点の高い組成物が得られる。しかし、このような仕込み比率であっても、通常のアルカリ触媒による反応では、モノエステル体の多いポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを得ることは困難であり、未反応のポリグリセリンとジエステル以上の高置換度のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを比較的多く含んだものが得られることになる。本発明の特定曇点のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを得るためには、通常、アルカリ触媒の量を減じ、2段階反応で後半の温度を
高める方法、例えば反応温度180〜260℃でのエステル化反応後に、さらに反応温度を10〜50℃上昇させて1〜4時間反応させる方法を用いることが出来る(特開平7-145104号公報参照)。従って,特定の曇点を示すポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを得るためには、このような特定の反応条件で製造することが望ましい。反応させるポリグリセリンが過剰の場合には、未反応のポリグリセリンを製品中に多く含むことになる。未反応のポリグリセリン量が多いほどポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの親水性は高くなるが、実質のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル量は少なくなるために、耐熱性好酸性菌等への微生物に対する抗菌効果が低くなる。従って、残存するポリグリセリンの量は70重量%以下が好ましく、更に好ましくは60重量%以下である。
【0012】
本発明で使用するポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは、通常、粘性のある液体である。
ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル1重量部に対し、通常1重量部以上混合するが、pH3.5以下の酸性飲食品に使用する場合には5重量部以上、好ましくは8重量部以上混合することが好ましい。
【0013】
本発明のショ糖脂肪酸エステルとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとの混合組成物の製造方法は、例えば、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの水溶液にポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを分散させ、その後、60〜70℃に加熱して、均一溶解して均一溶液になるまで攪拌し、室温に戻す方法があげられる。均一溶解されていない場合、室温に戻した時に、粒が観察されたり、沈殿したりする。
【0014】
本発明の乳化剤組成物は、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとの混合組成物を主体とする。その他に香料の濃度調節剤としてグリセリン等の多価アルコールを含有させることも出来るが、多価アルコールを添加すると、酸性飲食品中の保存温度により沈殿等の問題が生じるので、含有量は少ない方が望ましい。また、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの均一混合を容易にするためにプロピレングリコールを含有させることも出来るが、プロピレングリコールを添加すると風味が悪くなるため、含有量は少ない方が望ましい。
混合する順番及び添加量が、上記の範囲外の場合には、製造された乳化組成物を添加した食品で濁りや沈殿を生じ外観を損なうばかりか、その結果として抗菌乳化剤の抗菌性が充分に発揮されなくなる。
【0015】
本発明の乳化剤組成物は、麺つゆ、たれ、スープ、コーヒー、紅茶、緑茶、果汁、ゼリー、寒天製品などの従来から抗菌性乳化剤を添加することが推奨されている飲食品に広く使用することができるが、その中でも、透明または半透明な飲料の抗菌に好適に使用でき、特に、内容液の溶状が容易に観察されるPET及びガラス瓶入りの透明または半透明飲料では有意義である。飲料は、測定波長620nmにおける透過度が10%以上であることが好ましく、更には透過度が30%以上であることが好ましく、更に透過度50%以上であることが好ましい。飲料としは、pH2〜5の酸性飲料が好ましく、更にpH2.5〜4の酸性飲料が好ましい。
酸性飲料としては、果汁入り清涼飲料、果汁入り紅茶飲料、スポーツ飲料、栄養補給飲料、ドリンク剤などが挙げられる。
乳化剤組成物の使用量は、飲食品中にショ糖脂肪酸エステルの濃度として、通常1〜300ppm、好ましくは3〜100ppmの範囲である。乳化剤組成物としての飲食品への添加量は、通常5〜1500ppm、好ましくは10〜500ppmの範囲である。
【0016】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例により更に具体的に説明するが、本発明は、その要旨を超えない限り,以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0017】
ポリグリセンミリスチン酸エステルの製造]
製造例1
ポリグリセリン(平均重合度8.77,平均分子量667 ,水酸基価906 )667 g(1モル)とミリスチン酸(純度99% ,平均分子量228 )129 g(0.56モル)を加熱ジャケット付き攪拌型反応槽に仕込み、10% 水酸化ナトリウム0.213g(対原料合計量0.0025wt% )を加えて、窒素気流下、240 ℃に昇温して3時間反応させた後、更に260 ℃で4時間反応させてポリグリセリンミリスチン酸エステル(酸価0.5mgKOH/g、鹸化価40mgKOH/g )を786 gを得た。
このポリグリセリンミリスチン酸エステルの曇点を下記の方法で測定したところ、57.5℃であった。
【0018】
<曇点の測定方法>
ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを1重量%となるように8重量%硫酸ナトリウム水溶に分散し、加熱しながら攪拌し、均一な水溶液とする。そして得られたポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの水溶液を、0℃以上100℃以下の任意の温度で2〜5℃刻みに振とう攪拌・静置し、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルが油状あるいはゲル状のごとく分離し、不均一水溶液となった温度を曇点とした。
【0019】
[実施例1〜4、参考例1、2]
表1の重量比でショ糖脂肪酸エステル(三菱化学社製;リョートーモノエステルP)を水に温度70℃で均一溶解させ室温に戻して溶液の状態を確認した(状態1)。
これに製造例1のポリグリセリンミリスチン酸エステル組成物をショ糖脂肪酸エステルの10倍量添加後、70℃で加熱溶解させ、室温に戻して溶液の状態を観察した(状態2)。
その結果を表1に示す。
【0020】
【表1】

Figure 0003551848
*「水/SE」は、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(SE)と水の重量比を表す。
【0021】
表1より、モノエステル純度90%以上のショ糖脂肪酸エステル(三菱化学社製;リョートーモノエステルP)を水に溶解する場合には、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル1重量部に対して水を0.5重量部以上用いると透明な粘性溶液ができるが、水を0.3重量部以下用いると溶液中に白色固体が固まって生じることがわかる。
【0022】
[実施例5〜13]
ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(三菱化学社製;リョートーモノエステルP)を水に溶解後、これに製造例1で製造したポリグリセリンミリスチン酸エステル組成物を添加し、70℃で加熱混合して乳化剤組成物を製造した。この乳化組成物をショ糖脂肪酸エステルが10ppm または1 重量% になるように0.1%クエン酸水(pH2.9) に溶解し、25℃で1日、3日、2週間保存して、水溶液の濁り度、モヤ又は沈殿の大きさを下記の基準で判定した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0023】
<水溶液の濁り度>
−:透明である。
±:極僅かに濁って見える。
+:濁って見える。
++:強く濁って見える。
+++:非常に強く濁って見える。
【0024】
<モヤ又は沈殿物の大きさ>
A:2mm以上の大きな沈殿物が多数ある。
B:1〜2mm程度の大きさの沈殿物が多数ある。
C:目視で確認できる粒状の沈殿物ある。
D:大きさを確定できない程小さい微粒子状の沈殿物がある(薄い霧の様に見える)。
E:沈殿物が全く認められない。
【0025】
[実施例14]
ショ糖脂肪酸エステルを水に溶解し、グリセリンを添加後にポリグリセンリン脂肪酸エステルを順次添加したこと以外は実施例5と同様に行った。その結果を表2に示す。
【0026】
[比較例1]
ショ糖脂肪酸エステルのみを0.1%クエン酸水(pH2.9)に添加した以外は実施例5と同様に行った。その結果を表2に示す。
【0027】
[比較例2]
ショ糖脂肪酸エステルを水に溶解させた後にポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加しないこと以外は実施例14と同様に行った。その結果を表2に示す。
【0028】
【表2】
Figure 0003551848
【0029】
*「重量比/SE」は、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(SE)に対する水、ポリグリセン脂肪酸エステル POGE)、グリセリンの各重量比を表す。
【0030】
表2の結果から、本発明の方法で製造した乳化剤組成物を添加した水溶液は、沈殿を生じにくく、透明性を保持することができる。また、本発明により製造された乳化剤組成物をpH2.9の水溶液に添加する場合には、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル1重量部に対しポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを5重量部以上添加した方が水溶液に沈殿が生じ難く、透明性を保持することがわかる。
【0031】
[実施例15〜25]
0.1%クエン酸水のpHを4.5 にし、乳化組成物中の原料の比率を表3に示すようにした以外は実施例5と同様に行った。その結果を表3に示す。
【0032】
[実施例26〜29]
0.1%クエン酸水のpHを4.5 にし、乳化組成物中の原料の比率を表3に示すようにした以外は実施例14と同様に行った。その結果を表3に示す。
【0033】
[比較例3]
0.1%クエン酸水のpHを4.5 にした以外は比較例1と同様に行った。その結果を表3に示す。
【0034】
[比較例4]
0.1%クエン酸水のpHを4.5 にした以外は比較例2と同様に行った。その結果を表3に示す。
【0035】
【表3】
Figure 0003551848
【0036】
[実施例30]
乳化組成物中の原料の比率を代えた以外は実施例5と同様に行った。その結果を表4に示す。
【0037】
[実施例31]
乳化組成物中の原料の比率を代えた以外は実施例14と同様に行った。その結果を表4に示す。
【0038】
[比較例6、7]
ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(三菱化学社製;リョートーモノエステルP)をプロピレングリコールに溶解後、これにグリセリン、製造例1で製造したポリグリセリンミリスチン酸エステルを順次添加した。これを70℃で加熱混合して乳化剤組成物を製造した。この乳化組成物をショ糖脂肪酸エステルが10ppm または1 重量%になるように0.1%クエン酸水(pH2.9)
に溶解し2週間保存して、水溶液の濁り度、モヤ又は沈殿の大きさを実施例5と同様の
基準で判定した。その結果を表4に
示す。
【0039】
【表4】
Figure 0003551848
【0040】
表4より、従来の方法(比較例6、7)で製造された乳化剤組成物は長期保存性が悪いのに対し、本願発明で製造された乳化剤組成物は長期保存性が良く、透明性が維持できることがわかる。
【0041】
【発明の効果】
本発明では、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルを水に溶解させたのちポリグリセリン脂肪酸混合することにより、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルとポリグリセン脂肪酸エステルの相溶性が高まり、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを含有する均一な乳化剤組成物を製造することが出来る。
また、本発明により製造された乳化剤組成物を添加した飲食品は、長期に渡って濁りや沈殿を生じずに透明性を保持し、耐熱性好酸性菌の生育を阻止することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing an emulsifier composition mainly composed of a mixture of a sucrose fatty acid ester and a polyglycerin fatty acid ester , and to a food or drink containing the emulsified composition produced by the method. Specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing an emulsifier composition containing an antibacterial emulsifier and having improved solubility.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Foods and drinks are added with an antibacterial emulsifier for the purpose of preventing deterioration. Particularly, it is known that sucrose fatty acid monoester is preferable for canned beverages such as milk coffee (JP-A-56-18578 and JP-A-60-199345). However, sucrose fatty acid esters are poorly soluble under acidic conditions and often precipitate due to poor storage stability.Therefore, it is proposed to use polyglycerin fatty acid esters in combination to improve dispersibility. (JP-A-7-289875). In addition, sucrose fatty acid esters having a monoester content of 93% by weight or more are known as antibacterial agents suitable for beverages having a transparent appearance in response to recent demand for beverages in transparent containers such as PET bottles. (JP-A-10-70971).
[0003]
As a method for producing an emulsifier composition containing a sucrose fatty acid ester having a monoester purity of 90% or more and a polyglycerin fatty acid ester, it is difficult to uniformly mix the sucrose fatty acid ester and the polyglycerin fatty acid ester if they are directly mixed. After the sucrose fatty acid ester was once dissolved in propylene glycol, the polyglycerin fatty acid ester was mixed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the emulsified composition produced by such a production method is used in foods and drinks, during storage, the coexisting components in the foods and drinks cause turbidity and precipitation to impair the appearance, and the problem that the antibacterial effect is reduced. there were. In addition, the added sucrose fatty acid ester itself may precipitate and become turbid or precipitate. Further, propylene glycol has a problem in that the flavor of food is impaired.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in view of the above points, and as a result, a uniform mixed solution can be obtained without using propylene glycol by mixing in a specific order, and furthermore, this emulsifier composition is It has been found that it has high solubility in water and is suitable for use in transparent or translucent beverages.
That is, the gist of the present invention, in producing an emulsifier composition based on mixed composition of sucrose fatty acid esters and polyglycerol fatty acid ester, a pre-sucrose fatty acid ester was dissolved in water, which the polyglycerol fatty acid The present invention relates to a method for producing an emulsifier composition characterized by mixing with an ester .
Further, the present invention relates to a food or drink containing the emulsifier composition produced by the above production method.
[0006]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The emulsifier composition of the present invention is produced by dissolving a sucrose fatty acid ester in water and mixing this with a polyglycerin fatty acid ester .
The sucrose fatty acid ester used in the present invention is preferably a sucrose fatty acid ester having a fatty acid having 8 to 18 carbon atoms as a constituent fatty acid in that it has a strong antibacterial property and a broad antibacterial spectrum against microorganisms that pose a problem in a sealed container. . Among them, sucrose palmitate is preferred from the viewpoint of antibacterial strength. The purity of the monoester in the sucrose fatty acid ester is preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 70%, further preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90%, from the viewpoint of solubility in foods and drinks. The sucrose fatty acid ester used in the present invention is usually a solid.
[0007]
The appropriate ratio of sucrose fatty acid ester to water depends on the type of sucrose fatty acid ester, but generally, the sucrose fatty acid ester and water have a lower concentration of isotropic regions (micelle, (Cubic phase) is preferred. When sucrose fatty acid ester and water form a lamellar liquid crystal, it becomes difficult for the sucrose fatty acid ester to dissolve uniformly in water, and when sucrose fatty acid ester and water form an isotropic solution, the sucrose fatty acid ester dissolves uniformly in water. Because it becomes easy. The isotropic region can be found by preparing aqueous solutions of sucrose fatty acid esters of various compositions, reaching the dissolution equilibrium, and observing the liquid phase state (dissertation, Hironobu Kunieda et al., Journal of the Japan Oil Chemists' Society) , 45, 9, 849-855, 1996). In general, 1 part by weight of a sucrose fatty acid ester is dissolved in 0.1% by weight or more of water. It is preferable to dissolve in water by weight or more. As the monoester content in the sucrose fatty acid ester decreases, less water may be dissolved. Even for a sucrose fatty acid ester having a monoester purity of 50% or more, it is preferable to dissolve 1 part by weight of the sucrose fatty acid ester in 0.5 parts by weight or more of water.
[0008]
As a method of dissolving the sucrose fatty acid ester in water, for example, there is a method in which the sucrose fatty acid ester is once dispersed in cold water, heated to 60 to 70 ° C., stirred until it is uniformly dissolved, and returned to room temperature. . If it is not homogeneously dissolved, grains are observed or settled when the temperature is returned to room temperature. In addition, dissolving in water refers to mixing with water to make a uniform liquid or a uniform semi-solid.
The polyglycerin fatty acid ester used in the present invention is preferably a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having a fatty acid having a carbon chain length of 12 or more from the viewpoint of flavor. Among these, the constituent fatty acids are preferably esters of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid or behenic acid, and particularly preferably polyglycerin myristate. The degree of polymerization of polyglycerin in the polyglycerin fatty acid ester is arbitrary, but is preferably 4 or more, particularly 6 or more, in terms of hydrophilicity.
[0009]
In addition, the polyglycerol fatty acid ester used in the present invention preferably has a cloud point of 35 ° C. or higher as measured by dissolving the polyglycerin fatty acid ester composition at 1% by weight in an 8% by weight aqueous sodium sulfate solution. And more preferably 50 ° C. or higher. The “cloud point” is a phenomenon in which a hydrated nonionic surfactant dehydrates at a high temperature and separates from water, and is well known among polyoxyethylene surfactants. Usually, polyglycerin fatty acid ester is produced by esterifying polyglycerin with a fatty acid, and thus becomes a composition comprising various unreacted esters such as polyglycerin, mono, di, and tri. The cloud point is sensitive to the structural composition of the polyglycerol fatty acid ester and reflects the influence of the fatty acid soap, so that the degree of hydrophilicity and the difference in the composition can be more accurately identified, and the measurement is simple. Therefore, it is more useful than HLB (balance between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity) as an index indicating the characteristics of polyglycerin fatty acid ester . Usually, the stronger the hydrophilicity, the higher the cloud point. Further, even if the esterification rate is the same, an ester composition having a higher monoester content has higher hydrophilicity and a higher cloud point.
[0010]
As the cloud point measurement method, it is usually necessary to measure after dissolving the polyglycerin fatty acid ester in a 1 to 30% sodium chloride or sodium sulfate solution, but the conditions vary depending on the solubility of the target sample. In the case of the present invention, first, the polyglycerin fatty acid ester is dispersed in an 8% aqueous solution of sodium sulfate so as to be 1% by weight, and the mixture is stirred while heating to obtain a uniform aqueous solution. Then, the obtained homogeneous aqueous solution of polyglycerin fatty acid ester is shaken at 2 to 5 ° C. at an arbitrary temperature of 0 ° C. or more and 100 ° C. or less, stirred and settled, and the polyglycerin fatty acid ester is separated like oil or gel. Then, the state of the heterogeneous aqueous solution is measured. This non-uniform state is called "cloud point", and the temperature is determined in the present invention.
[0011]
Polyglycerin fatty acid ester is generally obtained by reacting polyglycerin and a fatty acid at a temperature of 180 to 260 ° C in the presence of an alkali catalyst. If the charged ratio of the fatty acid to polyglycerin is large, a composition having a low cloud point is obtained, and if the proportion is opposite, a composition having a high cloud point is obtained. However, even with such a charging ratio, it is difficult to obtain a polyglycerol fatty acid ester having a large amount of monoester in a reaction with a normal alkali catalyst, and unreacted polyglycerin and a diester having a higher degree of substitution than a diester. A product containing a relatively large amount of polyglycerin fatty acid ester can be obtained. In order to obtain the polyglycerol fatty acid ester having a specific cloud point of the present invention, usually, a method of reducing the amount of an alkali catalyst and raising the latter half temperature in a two-stage reaction, for example, after an esterification reaction at a reaction temperature of 180 to 260 ° C. Further, a method of raising the reaction temperature by 10 to 50 ° C. and reacting for 1 to 4 hours can be used (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-45104). Therefore, in order to obtain a polyglycerol fatty acid ester having a specific cloud point, it is desirable to produce under such specific reaction conditions. If the amount of polyglycerin to be reacted is excessive, the product will contain a large amount of unreacted polyglycerin. As the amount of unreacted polyglycerin increases , the hydrophilicity of the polyglycerol fatty acid ester increases, but the actual amount of polyglycerin fatty acid ester decreases, so that the antibacterial effect against heat-resistant acidophilic bacteria and the like decreases. Therefore, the amount of the remaining polyglycerin is preferably 70% by weight or less, more preferably 60% by weight or less.
[0012]
The polyglycerin fatty acid ester used in the present invention is usually a viscous liquid.
The polyglycerin fatty acid ester is usually mixed in an amount of at least 1 part by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the sucrose fatty acid ester. Mixing is preferred.
[0013]
The method for producing a mixed composition of a sucrose fatty acid ester and a polyglycerin fatty acid ester of the present invention includes, for example, dispersing a polyglycerin fatty acid ester in an aqueous solution of a sucrose fatty acid ester, and then heating the mixture to 60 to 70 ° C. There is a method in which the mixture is uniformly dissolved and stirred until a uniform solution is obtained, and the temperature is returned to room temperature. If it is not homogeneously dissolved, grains are observed or settled when the temperature is returned to room temperature.
[0014]
The emulsifier composition of the present invention mainly comprises a mixed composition of a sucrose fatty acid ester and a polyglycerin fatty acid ester . In addition, a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerin can be contained as a concentration regulator of the flavor, but when the polyhydric alcohol is added, a problem such as precipitation occurs due to the storage temperature in the acidic food or drink. Is desirable. In addition, propylene glycol can be contained to facilitate uniform mixing of the sucrose fatty acid ester and the polyglycerin fatty acid ester. However, since the addition of propylene glycol deteriorates the flavor, a smaller content is desirable.
If the mixing order and the amount added are out of the above range, not only does the food to which the manufactured emulsified composition is added cause turbidity or precipitation to impair the appearance, but as a result, the antibacterial property of the antibacterial emulsifier is sufficient. Will not be displayed.
[0015]
The emulsifier composition of the present invention is widely used in foods and drinks where it is conventionally recommended to add an antibacterial emulsifier such as noodle soup, sauce, soup, coffee, black tea, green tea, fruit juice, jelly, agar products and the like. Among them, among them, it can be suitably used for antibacterial of transparent or translucent beverages, and is particularly significant for PET or glass bottle transparent or translucent beverages in which the dissolution of the content liquid is easily observed. The beverage preferably has a transmittance of 10% or more at a measurement wavelength of 620 nm, more preferably 30% or more, and further preferably 50% or more. As the beverage, an acidic beverage having a pH of 2 to 5 is preferable, and an acidic beverage having a pH of 2.5 to 4 is more preferable.
Examples of the acidic beverage include refreshing beverages containing fruit juice, tea beverages containing fruit juice, sports beverages, nutritional beverages, drinks, and the like.
The amount of the emulsifier composition to be used is generally in the range of 1 to 300 ppm, preferably 3 to 100 ppm, as the concentration of the sucrose fatty acid ester in the food or drink. The amount added to the food or drink as the emulsifier composition is usually in the range of 5 to 1500 ppm, preferably 10 to 500 ppm.
[0016]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist of the present invention.
[0017]
[Production of polyglycene myristate ]
Production Example 1
667 g (1 mol) of polyglycerin (average degree of polymerization: 8.77, average molecular weight: 667, hydroxyl value: 906) and 129 g (0.56 mol) of myristic acid (purity: 99%, average molecular weight: 228) were charged into a stirred reaction vessel equipped with a heating jacket. , 10% sodium hydroxide (0.213 g, 0.0025 wt% based on the total amount of raw materials), and heated to 240 ° C. for 3 hours in a nitrogen stream, and further reacted at 260 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain polyglycerol. 786 g of myristate ( acid value 0.5 mg KOH / g, saponification value 40 mg KOH / g) was obtained.
The cloud point of this polyglycerin myristate was 57.5 ° C. as measured by the following method.
[0018]
<Method of measuring cloud point>
The polyglycerin fatty acid ester is dispersed in an 8% by weight aqueous solution of sodium sulfate so as to have a concentration of 1% by weight, and stirred while heating to obtain a uniform aqueous solution. Then, the obtained aqueous solution of polyglycerin fatty acid ester is shaken and stood still at an arbitrary temperature of 0 ° C. or more and 100 ° C. or less at intervals of 2 to 5 ° C. to separate the polyglycerin fatty acid ester into oil or gel. The temperature at which the aqueous solution became heterogeneous was defined as the cloud point.
[0019]
[Examples 1 to 4, Reference Examples 1 and 2]
At a weight ratio shown in Table 1, sucrose fatty acid ester (Ryoto monoester P, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) was uniformly dissolved in water at a temperature of 70 ° C., returned to room temperature, and the state of the solution was confirmed (state 1).
After adding the polyglycerin myristic acid ester composition of Production Example 1 in an amount 10 times the amount of the sucrose fatty acid ester, the mixture was heated and dissolved at 70 ° C., returned to room temperature, and the state of the solution was observed (state 2).
Table 1 shows the results.
[0020]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003551848
* “Water / SE” represents the weight ratio of sucrose fatty acid ester (SE) to water.
[0021]
As shown in Table 1, when a sucrose fatty acid ester having a monoester purity of 90% or more (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation; Ryoto Monoester P) is dissolved in water, water is added in an amount of 0.1 part by weight to 1 part by weight of the sucrose fatty acid ester. When it is used in an amount of 5 parts by weight or more, a transparent viscous solution is formed. When water is used in an amount of 0.3 parts by weight or less, a white solid solidifies in the solution.
[0022]
[Examples 5 to 13]
After dissolving a sucrose fatty acid ester (Ryoto monoester P, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) in water, the polyglycerin myristic acid ester composition produced in Production Example 1 was added thereto, and the mixture was heated and mixed at 70 ° C. to form an emulsifier composition. Was manufactured. This emulsified composition was dissolved in 0.1% citric acid aqueous solution (pH 2.9) so that the sucrose fatty acid ester became 10 ppm or 1% by weight, and the solution was stored at 25 ° C. for 1 day, 3 days and 2 weeks. The degree of turbidity, haze or size of the precipitate was determined according to the following criteria. Table 2 shows the results.
[0023]
<Turbidity of aqueous solution>
-: Transparent.
±: Appears very slightly cloudy.
+: Appears cloudy.
++: It looks strongly muddy.
+++: It looks very strong and cloudy.
[0024]
<Size of haze or sediment>
A: There are many large precipitates of 2 mm or more.
B: There are many sediments having a size of about 1 to 2 mm.
C: There is a granular precipitate that can be visually confirmed.
D: There is a fine particle precipitate that cannot be determined in size (it looks like a thin mist).
E: No precipitate is observed at all.
[0025]
[Example 14]
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the sucrose fatty acid ester was dissolved in water, and glycerin was added, and then the polyglycerin fatty acid ester was sequentially added. Table 2 shows the results.
[0026]
[Comparative Example 1]
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that only the sucrose fatty acid ester was added to 0.1% aqueous citric acid (pH 2.9). Table 2 shows the results.
[0027]
[Comparative Example 2]
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 14 except that the polyglycerin fatty acid ester was not added after dissolving the sucrose fatty acid ester in water. Table 2 shows the results.
[0028]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003551848
[0029]
* "Weight ratio / SE" represents the weight ratio of water, polyglycene fatty acid ester ( POGE), and glycerin to sucrose fatty acid ester (SE).
[0030]
From the results in Table 2, the aqueous solution to which the emulsifier composition produced by the method of the present invention is added hardly causes precipitation and can maintain transparency. When the emulsifier composition produced according to the present invention is added to an aqueous solution having a pH of 2.9, the addition of 5 parts by weight or more of polyglycerol fatty acid ester to 1 part by weight of sucrose fatty acid ester causes precipitation in the aqueous solution. It can be seen that it hardly occurs and the transparency is maintained.
[0031]
[Examples 15 to 25]
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the pH of the 0.1% citric acid solution was set to 4.5 and the ratio of the raw materials in the emulsified composition was as shown in Table 3. Table 3 shows the results.
[0032]
[Examples 26 to 29]
Example 14 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 14, except that the pH of the 0.1% citric acid solution was set to 4.5 and the ratio of the raw materials in the emulsified composition was as shown in Table 3. Table 3 shows the results.
[0033]
[Comparative Example 3]
The same procedure was performed as in Comparative Example 1 except that the pH of the aqueous 0.1% citric acid solution was set to 4.5. Table 3 shows the results.
[0034]
[Comparative Example 4]
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that the pH of the aqueous 0.1% citric acid solution was set to 4.5. Table 3 shows the results.
[0035]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003551848
[0036]
[Example 30]
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the ratio of the raw materials in the emulsion composition was changed. Table 4 shows the results.
[0037]
[Example 31]
Example 14 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 14, except that the ratio of the raw materials in the emulsion composition was changed. Table 4 shows the results.
[0038]
[Comparative Examples 6, 7]
After sucrose fatty acid ester (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation; Ryoto monoester P) was dissolved in propylene glycol, glycerin and the polyglycerin myristic acid ester produced in Production Example 1 were sequentially added thereto. This was heated and mixed at 70 ° C. to produce an emulsifier composition. 0.1% citric acid aqueous solution (pH 2.9) such that the emulsified composition becomes 10 ppm or 1% by weight of the sucrose fatty acid ester.
And stored for 2 weeks. The turbidity of the aqueous solution and the size of the haze or precipitate were determined in the same manner as in Example 5. Table 4 shows the results.
[0039]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003551848
[0040]
As shown in Table 4, the emulsifier compositions manufactured by the conventional methods (Comparative Examples 6 and 7) have poor long-term storage properties, whereas the emulsifier compositions manufactured by the present invention have good long-term storage properties and transparency. It can be seen that it can be maintained.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, a sucrose fatty acid ester by mixing the polyglycerol fatty acid mixture was allowed to dissolve in water, increasing the compatibility of the sucrose fatty acid ester and Porigurisen fatty acid ester, contains a sucrose fatty acid ester and polyglycerin fatty acid ester A uniform emulsifier composition can be produced.
The food or drink to which the emulsifier composition produced according to the present invention is added can maintain transparency without causing turbidity or precipitation for a long period of time, and can inhibit the growth of heat-resistant acidophilic bacteria.

Claims (6)

ショ糖脂肪酸エステルとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとの混合組成物を主体とする乳化剤組成物を製造するに当たり、あらかじめショ糖脂肪酸エステルを水に溶解し、これとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとを混合することを特徴とする乳化剤組成物の製造方法。In producing an emulsifier composition mainly comprising a mixed composition of a sucrose fatty acid ester and a polyglycerin fatty acid ester, the sucrose fatty acid ester is dissolved in water in advance, and this is mixed with the polyglycerin fatty acid ester. A method for producing an emulsifier composition. モノエステル純度50%以上のショ糖脂肪酸エステル1重量部を0.5重量部以上の水に溶解することを特徴とする請求項1記載の乳化剤組成物の製造方法。The method for producing an emulsifier composition according to claim 1, wherein 1 part by weight of a sucrose fatty acid ester having a monoester purity of 50% or more is dissolved in 0.5 parts by weight or more of water. ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルが8%Na2 SO4 水溶液中1重量%濃度で測定した曇点が35℃以上のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルであることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の乳化剤組成物の製造方法。 The method for producing an emulsifier composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyglycerin fatty acid ester is a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having a cloud point of 35 ° C or higher as measured at a concentration of 1% by weight in an aqueous 8% Na2SO4 solution. 請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の製造方法で製造された乳化組成物を含有することを特徴とする飲食品。A food or drink comprising the emulsion composition produced by the production method according to claim 1. 請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の製造方法で製造された乳化組成物を含有することを特徴とする透明または半透明の飲料。A transparent or translucent beverage comprising the emulsion composition produced by the production method according to claim 1. ショ糖脂肪酸エステル1重量部を水に溶解した後、これとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル5重量部以上を混合して製造した乳化剤組成物を添加したpH3.5以下の酸性飲食品。An acidic food or drink having a pH of 3.5 or less, wherein 1 part by weight of sucrose fatty acid ester is dissolved in water, and an emulsifier composition produced by mixing 5 parts by weight or more of polyglycerin fatty acid ester with this is added.
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