JP3551302B2 - Power monitoring system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention monitors the amount of DC power generated by a photovoltaic power generator installed in a house or the like and the amount of AC power consumed in a house or the like, and further allows the contents of this monitor to be transferred to the outside via a communication line. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric power monitoring system in which an energy consumer voluntarily controls a load of an electric device or the like so that indirect load control for saving energy is promoted.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, attention has been paid to energy saving as one means of solving environmental problems, and considerable efforts have been made to consider it as a national policy. As a result, considerable energy saving has been achieved in the industrial sector and the transportation sector.
[0003]
However, in the consumer sector, power consumption tends to increase year by year, and especially in commercial buildings and houses, the growth of power consumption is large, and avoid excessive capital investment by power supply companies in response to peak power demand in summer. In a sense, energy conservation measures are being demanded.
[0004]
As a specific approach that can be taken by ordinary households to address such environmental and energy problems, the introduction of a solar power generation system into households has attracted attention.
[0005]
In this system, as shown in FIG. 4, a solar cell module 201 is mounted on a gantry on a roof of a house, and DC power is generated there by sunlight. The power is supplied to the inverter 204 via the inverter 204 and is converted into AC power there. Further, the power is connected to the conventional AC commercial power supply in the residential distribution board 207 via the protection device 205 and the generated power meter 206. The AC power supplied from the commercial power cable 208 is input to the residential power distribution panel 207 via the purchased power meter 209 and the AC switch 210. The power generated by the photovoltaic power generation is also supplied to electric appliances such as lighting fixtures, air conditioners, and television sets in the home. However, if there is a surplus, a power supply company may purchase the electric power. The electric power sold at this time is measured by the electric power sold meter 211.
[0006]
However, the system of FIG. 4 requires devices such as the solar cell module 201, the purchased power meter 209, the sold power meter 211, the generated power meter 206, the distribution board 207 for houses, and many other devices. , A big cost was needed. Regarding the introduction cost of the current photovoltaic power generation system, it is said that the amount of power generation reaches 3,000,000 yen to 4,000,000 yen for a 3KW type, which is a heavy burden on consumers.
[0007]
In addition, the measurement of the amount of DC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system and the amount of AC power consumption at home is performed on a monthly basis in order to collect fees, so consumers are not conscious of energy consumption. Never before.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, due to the high cost of solar power generation systems and low awareness of energy conservation, photovoltaic power generation systems did not spread and it was difficult to practice energy conservation at home. By implementing indirect load control in which the power consumption load is controlled by itself, energy saving can be further promoted.
[0009]
Therefore, measurement (monitoring) of electric energy is expected to be promising. FIG. 5 shows the daily DC power generation (□) and AC power consumption (×) when an average home photovoltaic power generation system (3 KW) is installed in an average detached house. As is clear from this figure, in each of the winter, middle and summer periods, the AC power consumption is concentrated almost in the morning and night, and the DC power consumption is concentrated in the daytime.
[0010]
However, such household power monitoring that grasps the absolute value of each of the DC power generation amount and the AC power consumption amount and the correlation between them in real time has not been established as a system.
[0011]
The only opportunity for consumers to check the amount of AC power consumption is when checking the monthly invoice from the power supply company, and it is not possible to visually grasp the DC power generation and AC power consumption in real time. Have difficulty.
[0012]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to enable a consumer to grasp the amount of DC power generation and the amount of AC power consumption in real time and visually. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power monitoring system that makes it easier to perform indirect load control and promotes energy saving.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A power monitoring system according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is provided with a distribution board provided with means for obtaining an instantaneous value and an integrated value of DC power generated by solar power generation means and an instantaneous value and an integrated value of AC power consumption. And a power monitoring device that displays in real time each instantaneous value and integrated value obtained by the distribution board, wherein the distribution board includes an AC power consumption detection unit, the AC power An input conversion IFU that captures the AC power signal detected by the detection unit and the DC power signal detected by the DC generation power detection unit, a signal from the input conversion IFU is captured, and the instantaneous value and the integrated value are captured by the power monitoring device. A control device for transmitting a display signal and generating the integrated value transmission data signal; and transmitting the integrated value transmission data generated by the control device to a communication line on a regular basis. Internet to include a modem, and takes statistics receives the transmission data scheduled the sent each integrated value by the modem of the distribution board can be confirmed in the Web screen the contents in each consumer households that And an energy management center .
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1 is a block diagram of an in-home power monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the in-home power monitoring system, and FIG. 3 is a system of the entire power monitoring system installed in a plurality of detached houses A1 to An. FIG.
[0017]
1 to 3, reference numeral 10 denotes a solar cell module installed on a roof or the like of each of the detached houses A1 to An, and its generated DC output is collected in a junction box 20 having a switch (not shown). The power is individually transmitted to the collective inverter 40 through the DC power detection unit 30 having the DC power meter 31, converted into AC power there, and transmitted to the power load 50.
[0018]
The DC power meter 31 has, for example, a rated voltage of 200 V and a rated current of 30 A, a power detection range of 0 to 6 KW, and an operating voltage range of up to 350 V. In the DC wattmeter 31, the instantaneous value of the DC power is detected and measured, and the external output is frequency-converted into a pulse signal. The accuracy is, for example, ± 2.0% at a current of 1/5 or more of the rated current when the voltage is 150 V, 250 V, and 350 V.
[0019]
Reference numeral 60 denotes a residential distribution board equipped with a power monitoring function. As shown in detail in FIG. 1, this distribution board 60 is connected to a single-phase three-wire AC power line 70 in addition to a normal branch part (not shown) that distributes power to various home electrical appliances and home outlets. An AC power consumption detection unit 61 for detecting the consumption of the supplied AC power, an instantaneous value signal of the power consumption detected by the AC power consumption detection unit 61, and an instantaneous value of the DC generated power detected by the DC power meter 31. An input conversion IFU (interface unit) 62 which takes in signals and calculates respective integrated values, an output signal of the input conversion IFU 62 which is taken in and temporarily stored in a memory, and a power monitor comprising a display device such as a personal computer or other display device. A control device (PLC having a CPU: Programmab which sends data to the device 80 or processes transmission data and sends it to the analog modem 63) e Logic Controler) 64, comprises a communication connection to the line 90 has been line call detection / switching unit 65, and various power supply circuits for each circuit or backup (not shown).
[0020]
In the AC power detection unit 61 shown in FIG. 1, the voltage detection unit 61a detects the voltage (100 V) between the N line and the L2 line of the AC power line 70, and the current detection unit 61b detects the voltage between the L1 line and the L2 line of the power line 70. The current is detected by taking in current signals (for example, pulse signals) from the external current transformers 71 and 72. The current signals detected by the current transformers 71 and 72 are added by an adder 61c. Then, an instantaneous value of power consumption is obtained by calculating the current value obtained by adding the voltage value detected by the voltage detection unit 61a and the addition value by the addition unit 61c by the calculation unit 61d. The detection range of the instantaneous power value is, for example, 0 to 20 KW and the accuracy is ± 5%. The detected instantaneous value signal of the electric power is sent to the VF converter 61e, where it is converted into a frequency signal (pulse signal). The output signal of the VF converter 61e is taken into a photocoupler 61f for insulation, and is output therefrom to the input conversion IFU 62 described above.
[0021]
The AC power line 70 and the communication line 90 are introduced into the relay pole 100 as shown in FIG. 2 and pass through a meter box 110 equipped with a general AC power meter, a drop-in switch, a communication line protector, and the like. It has been buried underground and pulled into the house. The DC power generated by the solar cell module 10 is transmitted to the collective inverter 40 via the DC power line 120 passing through the meter box 110 and the relay pole 100.
[0022]
Now, in the power monitoring system of the present invention, the frequency signal (pulse signal) indicating the instantaneous value (KW) of the DC generated power detected and measured by the DC power meter 31 and the power consumption detected and measured by the AC power consumption detection unit 61 A frequency signal (pulse signal) indicating the instantaneous value (KW) of the AC power is taken into the input conversion IFU 62, where it is sampled, for example, every 4 seconds, and the average power per past hour, that is, the integrated value (KWh) is obtained. It is calculated.
[0023]
Then, the instantaneous value of the DC generated power and the integrated value per hour in the past, and the instantaneous value of the AC power consumption and the integrated value per hour in the past are taken into the control device 64, and the integrated value is temporarily stored in the memory. It is stored and processed into transmission data.
[0024]
The power monitoring device 80 displays the instantaneous value and the integrated value sent from the control device 64. In this display mode, for example, in the case of a digital numerical display, the instantaneous value is displayed in real time as “XXKW” and the integrated value is displayed as “XXKWh” in real time, and the integrated value for this month is also displayed from one day. Is successively updated and displayed as “○ month worth ○ KWh”, but it is also possible to display the analog value separately or at the same time as an analog graph.
[0025]
The transmission data processed by the control device 64 is transmitted to the analog modem 63 and automatically transmitted to the energy management center 130 from the communication line 90 via the line communication detection / switching device 65 as shown in FIG. An alert is issued, and the transmission data is, for example, 50 samples per day. That is, the integrated value of DC power generation and AC power consumption every hour (total of 48 samples) and the integrated value of DC power generation and AC power consumption per day (2 samples). The format is, for example, “date + time + power data (four digits) + user ID”. The transmission data transmitted from the modem 63 is deleted from the memory of the control device 64 after the transmission.
[0026]
As one example, the communication line 90 connecting the modem 63 is an analog public telephone line or an ISDN line (via TA), the line selection signal system is a DP (10, 20 pps) signal system, and the data transmission system is toll-free. The regular transmission method and data signal method In the 32 QMA system, the data signal speed is 14.4 kbps (maximum).
[0027]
As described above, the integrated value data of the DC power generation and the AC power consumption of each home is automatically issued to the energy management center 130 on a regular basis, so that the energy management center 130 collects statistics and develops the contents on the Internet or the like. Then, by checking the Web screen at each consumer home, it is easy to compare the DC home power and the AC power consumption between the home and other homes or ordinary homes, and indirect load control, which performs load control by itself. And energy conservation can be promoted. The contents statistically calculated by the energy management center 130 may be reported to each home from the CATV station 140 via the CATV line 150 as shown in FIG.
[0028]
As described above, the power monitoring system of the present invention has a user-side function of displaying, on the power monitoring device 80, the instantaneous value and the integrated value of the DC power generated by the solar cell module 10 and the AC power consumption of the entire house. It has a monitor function and an automatic alarm function for automatically issuing integrated value data of DC power generation and AC power consumption from the modem 63 to the energy management center 130 at regular intervals.
[0029]
In addition to the functions described above, the system functions include a power failure backup function for maintaining the accumulation of DC power sampling values and information during a commercial AC power failure (including an instantaneous interruption), and a periodic transmission at the time of AC commercial power failure. Automatic power generation function at power failure recovery, which automatically issues integrated value data of DC generated power and AC power consumption when power failure is restored, construction and adjustment, time synchronization during daily power data upload, power restoration after power failure, etc. It is desirable to have a clock adjustment function for performing the above, a transmission data collation function for checking whether the data transferred to the energy management center 130 is correct, or the like.
[0030]
In the above-described embodiment, the integrated value of the power is calculated by the input conversion IFU 62. However, the input conversion IFU 62 may simply calculate an interface and calculate by the control device 64. Although the DC power detection unit 30 and the AC power consumption detection unit 61 output only a signal of the instantaneous value of the power, a signal of the integrated power value of the past hour may be output together with the signal. . In this case, the calculation of the integrated value by the input conversion IFU 62 and the control device 64 becomes unnecessary. Further, in the above, the direct current power is not directly consumed in the home, but is sent to the collective inverter 40. However, as described in the conventional example, the inverter is provided in the home and converted into AC there. Of course, it is possible to take it into the distribution board at home, and it is also possible to sell power.
[0031]
According to the present invention from above, real time and visually can recognize the instantaneous value and the integrated value of the DC generator power and AC power by the power monitoring device, also, AC consumption AC power detection unit, a DC generator power signal An input conversion IFU, a control device, a modem, and the like that take in a power signal can be collectively provided on a distribution board. Furthermore, Runode can be compared by the same Internet Web screen of each integrated value of direct current electrical generating power and an AC power at the own home in another home or homes, their load control based on the awareness of consumers There is an advantage that it is easy to realize indirect load control to be performed , and energy saving can be promoted.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an in-home power monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of an in-home power monitoring system. FIG. 3 is an overall system diagram of the power monitoring system.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional residential solar power generation system.
FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a temporal pattern of a power generation amount of a solar power generation system and a power consumption amount of a single-family house.
[Explanation of symbols]
10: solar cell module, 20: connection box, 30: DC power detection unit, 31: DC power meter, 40: batch inverter, 50: power load, 60: residential distribution board with power monitoring function, 61: AC power consumption detection unit, 61a: voltage detection unit, 61b: current detection unit, 61c: addition unit, 61d: calculation unit, 61e: VF conversion unit, 61f: photocoupler, 62: input conversion IFU, 63: analog Modem, 64: control device (PLC), 65: line communication detection / switching unit, 70: single-phase three-wire AC power line, 80: power monitoring device, 90: communication line, 100: relay pole, 110: meter box , 120: DC power line, 130: Energy management center, 140: CATV station, 150: CATV line.

Claims (1)

A distribution board provided with means for obtaining the instantaneous value and integrated value of DC power generated by the solar power generation means and the instantaneous value and integrated value of AC power consumption, and each instantaneous value obtained by the distribution board. A power monitoring system including a power monitoring device that displays an integrated value in real time,
The distribution board includes an AC power consumption detection unit, an input conversion IFU that captures an AC power signal detected by the AC power detection unit and a DC power signal detected by the DC generation power detection unit, and a signal from the input conversion IFU. A control device that transmits the instantaneous value and the integrated value display signal to the power monitoring device and creates a transmission data signal of the integrated value, and transmits the integrated value transmission data created by the control device. Equipped with a modem for sending to the communication line on a regular basis,
In addition, an energy management center is provided which receives transmission data of each integrated value periodically transmitted by the modem of the distribution board, collects statistics, and develops the contents on the Internet so that each consumer can check the content on a Web screen. An electric power monitoring system, which is provided .

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