JP3548290B2 - Tension balancer for overhead wire - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an overhead wire tension balancer, and more particularly, to an overhead wire tension balancer used in equipment for maintaining constant tension of a train line.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Overhead lines, especially train lines (suspension lines, auxiliary suspension lines, and trolley lines), are subject to sagging due to expansion and contraction due to temperature changes, elastic elongation due to creep and abrasion of the trolley lines, and inclination of the support due to aging. Since the tension was affected, it was necessary to keep the tension of the train line constant. It is also desirable that the adjustment be performed automatically to make maintenance free.
[0003]
Conventionally, there are known a pulley type in which a tension is applied by a weight using a pulley and a spring type using a coil spring as automatic tension adjusting devices capable of constantly maintaining the tension. However, although the pulley type is excellent in the performance of keeping the tension constant, there are problems that the installation work is complicated and that periodic maintenance is required to prevent deterioration of the wire.
[0004]
In the case of the spring type, the device can be made compact and lightweight, and maintenance-free can be achieved. However, it is difficult to keep the tension constant because it depends on the spring constant. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, a tension balancer having a telescopic structure in which a plurality of coil springs are used and each spring is concentrically combined via a tubular member in order to further reduce the size is considered.
[0005]
In the tension balancer shown in FIG. 4, the outer middle cylinder 2, the inner middle cylinder 3, and the rod 4 are concentrically and axially received in a cylindrical casing 1 so as to be relatively displaceable in the axial direction. . Large, medium and small diameter coil springs 5, 6, 7 are provided between the casing 1 and the outer middle cylinder 2, between the outer middle cylinder 2 and the inner middle cylinder 3, and between the inner middle cylinder 3 and the rod 4, respectively. Are concentrically interposed. One end of each of the coil springs 5 to 7 is engaged with each of the inward flange portions 1a, 2a, and 3a fixed to the inner peripheral surface of each of the outer members, and the other end of each of the coil members is connected to the inner member. The outer flange portions 2b, 3b, 4b fixed to the outer peripheral surface are locked.
[0006]
The outer middle cylinder 2, the inner middle cylinder 3, and the rod 4 are received in the casing 1 at the time of assembling, and can protrude rightward in the drawing. The casing 1 is connected to a support column 12 via a hook portion 11 fixed to a rear end plate 1b, and a support rope 14 connected to a perforated bracket 13 fixed to the upper surface of the casing 1. Is supported by the support 12. An end of a wire 16 is connected to a hook 15 attached to the protruding end of the rod 4, and a train line is pulled through the wire 16.
[0007]
Under the standard installation conditions, the tension balancer thus configured compresses and deforms each of the coil springs 5 to 7 to some extent, for example, as shown in FIG. Is installed in a state of being protruded by a stroke length reaching almost the middle position. Therefore, for example, when the temperature drops and the train line shrinks, the rod 4, the inner middle tube 3 and the outer middle tube 2 further project against the repulsive force of each of the coil springs 5 to 7, and the temperature rises and the train line When extended, the rod 4, the inner middle cylinder 3 and the outer middle cylinder 2 are immersed in the casing 1 by the resilient restoring force of each of the coil springs 5 to 7, so that the displacement caused by the expansion and contraction of the train line can be absorbed.
[0008]
Normally, the balancer is supported by the support columns 12 via the support ropes 14 as shown in FIG. 4, so that the balancer is relatively stable at the time of erection. However, the deflection of the support ropes 14 due to the weight of the balancer when tension is generated. If the casing 1 is tilted due to, for example, the rod 4, the inner middle cylinder 3, and the outer middle cylinder 2 may be eccentric with respect to the axis of the casing 1 when immersing into the casing 1. When the outer middle cylinder 2, the inner middle cylinder 3, and the rod 4 perform the protruding and retracting movements with such eccentricity, the outer peripheral surface of the member where the corners of the peripheral edges of the flange portions 1 a to 3 a, 2 b to 4 b face each other. And the inner peripheral surface is slidably contacted with the inner peripheral surface, thereby increasing the sliding resistance.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the problems of the related art, a main object of the present invention is to provide a spring-type tension balancer in which a coil spring is interposed concentrically between an outer cylindrical member and an inner member during sliding movement during a retracting movement. An object of the present invention is to provide an overhead wire tension balancer capable of reducing resistance as much as possible.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, an overhead wire tension balancer for maintaining a constant tension of an overhead wire installed in the air, wherein the overhead wire tension balancer includes an outer tubular member and the outer tubular member An inner member concentrically received so as to be able to protrude and retract in the axial direction, a coil spring concentrically interposed between the two members, and an axial end of the coil spring. Each of the members has outward and inward flange portions provided at positions opposite to each other in the axial direction of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces opposed to each other, and a peripheral edge portion of each of the flange portions, with respect to the emergence direction. By providing a gentle slope facing, horizontality is impaired by its own weight at the time of tension generation after erection, so that even if the eccentricity occurs between both the outer cylindrical member and the inner member, , Coil spring The gentle slope provided on the periphery of the Nji portion, acute corner portions of the flange portion without in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface opposing inner, a large sliding resistance is not generated.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an overhead wire tension balancer to which the present invention is applied, and is installed and used similarly to FIG. 2 shown in the conventional example. The same parts as those in the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0012]
In the present embodiment, similarly to the conventional example, an outer middle cylinder 2 serving as an inner member and an outer tubular member is provided in a cylindrical casing 1 serving as an outer tubular member. The center cylinder 3 and the rod 4 as an inner member are concentrically and axially displaceably received, and three types of large, medium and small diameter coil springs 5, 6, 7 are provided between the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of each member. It has a triple structure that is concentrically interposed so that the spring constant increases in order from the inside. Note that the rod 4 is formed in a cylindrical shape for weight reduction.
[0013]
Although the drawing shows the assembled state of the tension balancer, the inward and outward flange portions 1a, 2a, 3a, 3b as spring seats for locking both axial ends of the coil springs 5, 6, 7 are shown. The coil springs 5, 6, 7 interposed between each pair of 2b, 3b, 4b are assembled with a predetermined initial load applied.
[0014]
Further, the number of turns (effective number of turns / total number of turns) of the coil springs 5, 6, 7 is set to avoid an integer number of turns. The balancer preferably has a stroke as short as possible, and the coil spring is preferably used within a range of 65 to 90% of the total deflection. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain a stable load characteristic up to a range of 90% of the total deflection of the coil spring. Therefore, it is difficult to stabilize the functional characteristics. Therefore, the coil springs 5, 6, and 7 are used in such a manner that integer winding is avoided.
[0015]
An L-shaped scale plate 8 extending radially outward and then bent along the axial direction is attached to a protruding end portion on the right side of the rod 4 in the drawing, and is bent along the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the casing 1. A scale indicating the displacement of the rod 4 with respect to the casing 1 in the axial direction is marked on the scale plate 8. At the time of installation in the standard state, the outer middle cylinder 2, the inner middle cylinder 3, and the rod 4 are each installed in such a manner as to protrude by a predetermined amount, similarly to FIG. The casing 1 is filled with grease for smooth sliding of the outer middle cylinder 2, the inner middle cylinder 3, and the rod 4.
[0016]
Further, in the present tension balancer, a stopper 9a projecting radially inward is fixed to a rear end of the inner peripheral surface of the outer middle cylinder 2 which is an end on the axially immersion side. The immersion-side end face of the outward flange portion 3b of the inner middle cylinder 3 at the time of the most immersion comes into contact with the stopper 9a. Similarly, a stopper 9b is also fixed to the rear end of the inner peripheral surface of the inner middle cylinder 3, so that the immersion-side end surface of the outward flange portion 4b of the rod 4 at the time of the most immersion strikes the stopper 9b. It has become.
[0017]
The casing 1, the outer middle cylinder 2, the inner middle cylinder 3, and the rod 4 are relatively displaced between the inward flange portions 1a, 2a, 3a and the outward flange portions 2b, 3b, 4b and the inner and outer peripheral surfaces facing each other. Some gaps are provided to allow for Therefore, as shown in the conventional example, the outer middle cylinder 2, the inner middle cylinder 3, and the rod 4 can be eccentric with respect to the casing 1, respectively. However, each of the stoppers 9a and 9b described above is at the time of maximum eccentricity of each member. Also, the radially protruding height is determined so that the abutting state with the outward flange portions 3b and 4b does not come off.
[0018]
Therefore, even when the inner middle cylinder 3 is displaced with respect to the outer middle cylinder 2 and the rod 4 is displaced with respect to the inner middle cylinder 3 in the eccentric state in the immersion direction, each of the outward flange portions 3b is attached to each of the stoppers 9a and 9b. 4b abuts, so that the outward flange portions 3b and 4b do not come off as in the conventional example.
[0019]
The inward flange portions 1a, 2a, 3a and outward flange portions 2b, 3b, 4b of the present tension balancer according to the present invention are shown in FIG. 2 which is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of an outward flange portion 2b shown as a representative. As described above, the tapered surfaces 10a and 10b as gentle slopes facing the protruding and retracting directions are formed on the peripheral edges, which are both edges of each inner peripheral surface on the radially projecting side. These tapered surfaces 10a and 10b are provided on each of the flange portions 1a, 2a, 3a, 2b, 3b and 4b, and are formed in a shape chamfered so as to face a slope with respect to the direction in which the member emerges. I have.
[0020]
Therefore, when the outer middle cylinder 2, the inner middle cylinder 3, and the rod 4 move in and out in the eccentric state, the inward flange portions 1a, 2a, 3a and the outward flange portions 2b, 3b, 4b are connected to the outer middle cylinder 2,. The inner middle cylinder 3 and the rod 4 may come into sliding contact with the opposed inner and outer peripheral surfaces. However, since the tapered surfaces 10a and 10b are provided, the acute angle of the flange portion when the tapered surface is not provided is reduced. Without contact, an increase in sliding resistance during sliding contact can be prevented, and smooth sliding can be ensured. In addition, the flow of grease during the protruding / retracting movement becomes smooth, and the sliding resistance can be suitably reduced. In this embodiment, the chamfer angle α with respect to the axis is preferably 7 to 15 degrees because the inclination angle at the time of eccentricity is not so large.
[0021]
Further, each of the coil springs 5, 6, 7 is configured by serially combining short coil springs each having a short axial length. In this embodiment, two short coil springs 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, and 7b are combined in series. By doing so, the tension change rate of the overhead wire can be arbitrarily dealt with by changing the number of series of short coil springs, which is effective for countermeasures against the flow of a train line.
[0022]
Each of the coil springs 5 to 7 has the same structure, and the structure thereof will be described below with reference to FIG. Tapered surfaces 17a and 17b are formed on the inner diameter sides of the short coil springs 5a and 5b that make up the coil spring 5 so as to expand outward in the axial direction.
[0023]
When a plurality of coil springs are combined in series as in the present embodiment, it is difficult to avoid buckling even if the shape of each single unit is formed with the highest possible accuracy. There is a possibility that the inner ends of the coil ends of the short coil springs 5a and 5b may slide on the outer peripheral surface of the outer middle cylinder 2. However, as described above, since the inner diameter corners of the coil ends are chamfered by the tapered surfaces 17a and 17b, even when the coil ends come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer middle cylinder 2, the sliding contact is prevented. Resistance can be suitably reduced. In addition, the chamfer angle of each of the tapered surfaces 17a and 17b (the opening angle from the axis of the coil spring) may be set to 7 to 15 degrees similarly to the chamfer angle of the tapered surfaces 10a and 10b.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, since the gently sloped surface is provided at the peripheral edge of each flange portion that engages with the coil spring, the inner and outer members are eccentric, and the corners of the flange portion come and go while sliding on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces. Even when exercise is performed, relatively smooth sliding can be ensured by the shape provided with the tapered surface, and the function of the tension balancer is not impaired.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a tension balancer to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a flange portion according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a coil end.
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a usage state of a conventional tension balancer.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 2 Outer middle cylinder 3 Inner middle cylinder 4 Rod 1a, 2a, 3a Inward flange 2b, 3b, 4b Outward flange 5 Large-diameter coil spring 6 Medium-diameter coil spring 7 Small-diameter coil spring 8 Scale plates 9a, 9b Stopper 10a・ 10b Tapered surface 11 Hook portion 12 Support column 13 Perforated bracket 14 Support rope 15 Hook 16 Wire

Claims (1)

An overhead wire tension balancer for maintaining a constant tension of an overhead wire installed in the air,
The overhead wire tension balancer is disposed concentrically between the outer cylindrical member, the inner member received concentrically so as to be able to protrude and retract in the outer cylindrical member in the axial direction, and the two members. Coil springs, and outward and inward flange portions provided at positions opposite to each other with respect to the axial direction of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the members facing each other so as to lock the axial ends of the coil springs. Has,
A tension balancer for overhead wires, wherein a gentle slope facing the protruding and retracting direction is provided at a peripheral edge of each of the flange portions.

Images