JP3547860B2 - Hydrophilic coating agent - Google Patents

Hydrophilic coating agent Download PDF

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JP3547860B2
JP3547860B2 JP17938695A JP17938695A JP3547860B2 JP 3547860 B2 JP3547860 B2 JP 3547860B2 JP 17938695 A JP17938695 A JP 17938695A JP 17938695 A JP17938695 A JP 17938695A JP 3547860 B2 JP3547860 B2 JP 3547860B2
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Prior art keywords
methacrylamide
coating agent
mol
group
hydrophilic coating
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JPH093388A (en
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佳彦 宮本
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Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、ポリビニルアルコール(以下、PVAと略記する)を用いた親水性被覆剤に関し、更に詳しくは、新規なPVA系樹脂を用いた造膜性、保存安定性に優れた親水性被覆剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、PVAを用いた親水性被覆剤は、帯電防止性、防曇性、水溶性等の各種特性を備えているため、建築材料用プラスチック材料や農業用フィルム等のコート用皮膜、化粧用パック剤、金属やプラスチック等の各種基材の表面保護用の暫定皮膜などの皮膜形成用途に広く利用されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、形成された皮膜の物性は、被覆剤の主成分であるPVAの変性等により各種の改善は見られるものの、PVA水溶液からなる親水性被覆剤の保存安定性や皮膜形成時の造膜速度については、まだまだ改善の余地があった。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
かかる欠点を解決すべく鋭意検討した結果、本発明者は、変性成分として下記化1で示される分岐アルキルアクリルアミド(A)を0.1〜10モル%(好ましくは0.1〜5モル%)、親水性基を有するエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその塩の少なくとも1種(B)を0.1〜10モル%(好ましくは0.1〜5モル%)共重してなる新規なPVA系樹脂を用いた親水性被覆剤は、保存安定性に優れ、かつ造膜速度が良好であることを見いだし本発明に至った。
【化1】

Figure 0003547860
(但し、Rは水素又はメチル基、R〜Rは、アルキル基又はアリール(aryl)基、R は水素又はアルキル基又はアリール(aryl)基をそれぞれ示し、R〜Rの炭素数の合計が4以上である。)
【0005】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明の変性PVA(以下、単に変性PVAと称することがある)系樹脂は、上記の如く(A)及び(B)単位を必須成分としており、(A)単位は上記化学式で示される如き3級炭素原子を有する分岐アルキルアクリルアミド成分でR 〜R の上記官能基を有するものでR 〜R の官能基の炭素数が、4未満ではケン化時の変性基の安定性、被覆剤の保存安定性が悪く、該炭素数は好ましくは4〜16である。
【0006】
該(A)単位を含有する共重合可能な単量体としては、N−tert−オクチルアクリルアミド、N−1,1−ジメチルブチルアクリルアミド、N−1,1,2−トリメチルプロピルアクリルアミド、N−1−メチル−1−エチルプロピルアクリルアミド、N−1,1−ジメチルペンチルアクリルアミド、N−1,1,2−トリメチルブチルアクリルアミド、N−1,1,3−トリメチルブチルアクリルアミド、N−1,1,2,2−テトラメチルプロピルアクリルアミド、N−1,2−ジメチル−1−エチルプロピルアクリルアミド、N−1,1−ジエチルプロピルアクリルアミド、N−1,1,2−トリメチルペンチルアクリルアミド、N−1,1,3−トリメチルペンチルアクリルアミド、N−1,1,4−トリメチルペンチルアクリルアミド、N−1,2−ジメチル−1−エチルブチルアクリルアミド、N−1,3−ジメチル−1−エチルブチルアクリルアミド、N−1,1,2,3−テトラメチルブチルアクリルアミド、N−1,2,2−トリメチル−1−エチルブチルアクリルアミド、N−1,1,3−トリメチルヘキシルアクリルアミド、N−1,1,4−トリメチルヘキシルアクリルアミド、N−1,1,3,3−テトラメチルペンチルアクリルアミド、N−1−メチル−1−フェニルエチルアクリルアミド、N−1−メチル−1−イソプロピルペンチルアクリルアミド、N−1,5ジメチル−1−エチルヘキシルアクリルアミド、N−1,1−ジメチル−2−フェニルエチルアクリルアミド、N−1,1−ジメチル−3−フェニルプロピルアクリルアミド、N−1,1−ジフェニルエチルアクリルアミド、N−tert−アミルアクルアミド、N−1−メチル−1−エチルイソブチルアクリルアミド、N−2,2−ジメチル−1,1−ジエチルプロピルアクリルアミド、N−1−メチル,1−エチルブチルアクリルアミド、N−1,1ジメチルヘキシルアクルアミド、N−1,1−ジメチルデシルアクリルアミド、N,N−メチル−tert−ブチルアクリルアミド、N,N−イソプロピル−tertブチルアクリルアミドが挙げられる。
【0007】
更には、N−tert−オクチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1−ジメチルブチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1,2−トリメチルプロピルメタアクリルアミド、N−1−メチル−1−エチルプロピルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1−ジメチルペンチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1,2−トリメチルブチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1,3−トリメチルブチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1,2,2−テトラメチルプロピルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,2−ジメチル−1−エチルプロピルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1−ジエチルプロピルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1,2−トリメチルペンチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1,3−トリメチルペンチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1,4−トリメチルペンチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,2−ジメチル−1−エチルブチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,3−ジメチル−1−エチルブチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1,2,3−テトラメチルブチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,2,2−トリメチル−1−エチルブチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1,3−トリメチルヘキシルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1,4−トリメチルヘキシルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1,3,3−テトラメチルペンチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1−メチル−1−フェニルエチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1−メチル−1−イソプロピルペンチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,5ジメチル−1−エチルヘキシルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1−ジメチル−2−フェニルエチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1−ジメチル−3−フェニルプロピルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1−ジフェニルエチルメタアクリルアミド、N−tert−アミルメタアクルアミド、N−1−メチル−1−エチルイソブチルメタアクリルアミド、N−2,2−ジメチル−1,1−ジエチルプロピルメタアクリルアミド、N−1−メチル,1−エチルブチルメタアクリルアミド、N−1,1ジメチルヘキシルメタアクルアミド、N−1,1−ジメチルデシルメタアクリルアミド、N,N−メチル−tert−ブチルメタアクリルアミド、N,N−イソプロピル−tertブチルメタアクリルアミドなどが挙げられ、好ましくはN−tert−オクチルアクリルアミドが好適に使用される。
【0008】
又(B)単位を含有する共重合可能な単量体としては、親水性基を有するエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその塩が用いられ、具体的にはアクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸、マレイン酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸、アコニット酸、フマル酸、マレイン酸モノエステル、イタコン酸モノエステル、シトラコン酸モノエステル、フマル酸モノエステル、無水マレイン酸、無水イタコン酸、無水シトラコン酸及びこれらの塩等が挙げられる。
【0009】
通常本発明のPVA系樹脂を製造するには(A)、(B)とビニルエステル(C)を共重合して得られるビニルエステル共重合体をケン化する。(C)としてはギ酸ビニル、酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、酪酸ビニル等が挙げられるが、経済的にみて酢酸ビニルが好ましい。
【0010】
上記変性PVA系樹脂の各単位の割合は、上記化学式で示されるN−分岐アルキルアクリルアミド単位(A)を0.1〜10モル%、好ましくは0.1〜5モル%、親水性基を有するエチレン性単量体(B)を0.1〜10モル%、好ましくは0.1〜5モル%、上記(A)及び(B)が0.1モル%未満或いは10モル%を越えると本発明の効果が得られ難く好ましくない。更にビニルエステル単位(C)及びビニルアルコール単位(D)が、合計で80〜99.8モル%の範囲が適当である。
又、ケン化度(ビニルエステル単位(C)とビニルアルコール単位(D)との合計量に対するビニルアルコール単位(D)の割合)は、特に限定されないが、70モル%以上であることが好ましく、特に75モル%以上が好ましい。該ケン化度が70モル%未満では、水溶性が低下して好ましくない。
【0011】
本発明に用いられる変性PVA系樹脂の重合度は、特に限定されないが、300〜3000が好ましく、更に好ましくは500〜2500で、重合度が300未満では親水性被覆剤の粘度が低下し、逆に3000を越えると親水性被覆剤の粘度が上昇してどちらの場合も作業性に劣る傾向にある。
【0012】
次に本発明の変性PVA系樹脂の製造方法について説明する。
本発明の変性PVA系樹脂は、分岐アルキルアクリルアミド単量体と親水性基を有するエチレン性単量体(エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその塩の少なくとも1種)及びビニルエステルの共重合体をケン化することによって得られる。該共重合反応は、ラジカル重合における公知の重合方法、例えば塊状重合、溶液重合、乳化重合、懸濁重合などのうち任意に選択できるが、工業的にみて溶液重合が好ましい。又バッチ重合、連続重合等のいずれの方法も選択することができる。重合時の単量体の仕込み方法としては特に制限はなく、一括仕込み、分割仕込み、連続仕込み等任意の方法が採用されるが、分岐アルキルアクリルアミド及びエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸若しくはその塩をPVA分子中に均一に導入出来る点で分割仕込み、或いは連続仕込み方法が有利である。
【0013】
共重合に当たって触媒としてはアゾビスイソブチルニトリル、アセチルパーオキサイド、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ラウリルパーオキサイド等の公知のラジカル重合触媒及びアゾビスジメチルバレロニトリル、アゾビスメトキシジメチルバレロニトリル等の低温活性ラジカル触媒等が用いられる。又、反応温度は当業者周知の温度範囲より好適に選択することができる。
【0014】
かかる重合に当たっては、本発明の趣旨を損なわない限り上記3成分以外にかかる単量体と共重合可能な他の不飽和単量体、例えばアルキルビニルエーテル、メタアクリルアミド、エチレン、プロピレン、α−ヘキセン、α−オクテン、α−ドデセン、α−オクタドデセン等のオレフィン、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル等のニトリル類、アクリル酸アルキルエステル、メタクリル酸アルキルエステル、クロトン酸アルキルエステル、マレイン酸ジアルキルエステル、イタコン酸ジアルキルエステル、シトラコン酸ジアルキルエステル、フマル酸ジアルキルエステル等を少量共重合させてもよい。
【0015】
かかる方法により得られた共重合体は、次にケン化される。ケン化方法としては、ニーダーケン化、連続ケン化、パールケン化等のいずれの方法も採用することができ、該ケン化工程においては、必要に応じて残存モノマーを追い出してから、常法に従ってケン化される。ケン化に使用される触媒としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、ナトリウムメチラート、ナトリウムエチラート、カリウムメチラート等のアルカリ金属の水酸化物やアルコラートの如きアルカリ触媒、或いは硫酸、塩酸等の酸触媒が用いられる。
【0016】
又、ケン化反応温度は特に制限はなく、通常10〜60℃好ましくは20〜50℃の範囲から選ばれ、ケン化反応は5〜240分にわたって行われる。ケン化反応終了後、中和し、必要に応じてアルコール等で洗浄し乾燥することにより目的とする変性PVA系樹脂が得られる。
次に得られた変性PVA系樹脂を用いた親水性被覆剤について説明する。
本発明の親水性被覆剤は、該変性PVA系樹脂を用いて水溶液としたもので、該PVA系樹脂を1〜50重量%、好ましくは5〜30重量%含有するものである。
また、本発明の親水性被覆剤には、上記以外に溶媒として、乾燥時間の短縮等を目的としてメタノール、エタノール等のアルコールが用いられ、また剥離性が必要な場合にはセルロース誘導体が配合されることもあり、更に他の添加剤として、可塑剤(エチレングリコール,プロピレングリコール,グリセリン,ポリエチレングリコール等のグリコール類やその脂肪酸エステルなど)、香料、殺菌剤等を適当量含有させてもよい。
【0017】
かかる親水性被覆剤を用いた皮膜の形成に当たっては、公知の方法を採用することができ、具体的には、グラビアコーター,リバースロールコーター,エアナイフコーター,スプレー等により基材の表面にコーティングする方法、浸漬により基材等の対象物の表面に皮膜を形成する方法、化粧用パック剤のように手で塗布する方法などが挙げられる。
かかる方法で得られた親水性皮膜は、造膜性に優れるもので、建築材料用プラスチック材料や農業用フィルム等のコート用皮膜、化粧用パック剤、金属やプラスチック等の各種基材の表面保護用の暫定皮膜などの皮膜用途に大変有用である。
【0018】
【作 用】
本発明の親水性被覆剤は、特定の変性PVA系樹脂を用いているため、造膜性、保存安定性に優れるもので、建築材料用或いは包装用プラスチック材料や農業用フィルム等のコート用皮膜、化粧用パック剤、金属やプラスチック等の各種基材の表面保護用の暫定皮膜などの皮膜形成用途に大変有用である。
【0019】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例によって具体的に説明する。
なお,実施例中「%」、「部」とあるのは、断りのない限り重量基準を意味する。
(変性PVA系樹脂の製造)
還流冷却器、滴下漏斗、攪拌機を備えた重合缶に酢酸ビニル1000部、メタノール450部を仕込み攪拌しながら窒素気流下で温度を上昇させ62℃においてアゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.4部をメタノール19.6部に溶解した溶液を投入し重合を開始した。重合開始点よりマレイン酸モノメチル8.0部とN−tert−オクチルアクリルアミド22.6部を溶解したメタノール溶液61.2部を5時間にわたって連続的に滴下しながら重合を行い、酢酸ビニルエステルの重合率が50%になった時点で重合を終了した。続いてメタノール蒸気を吹き込む方法により未反応の酢酸ビニルモノマーを系外に除去し共重合体のメタノール溶液を得た。
【0020】
次いで、該溶液をメタノールで希釈して濃度を30%に調製してニーダーに仕込み、溶液温度を35℃に保ちながら水酸化ナトリウムを加えて中和した。これに更に水酸化ナトリウムを樹脂中の酢酸ビニル単位に対して30ミリモル加えて混練りした。ケン化反応進行と共にケン化物が析出し、遂には粒子状となった。生成した変性PVA系樹脂を濾過し、メタノールでよく洗浄して熱風乾燥器中で乾燥し、目的物を得た。得られた変性PVA系樹脂をソックスレー抽出器を用いてメタノールで抽出洗浄しN−tert−オクチルアクリルアミドによる変性度をH−NMRで分析した結果、変性度は2.0モル%であった。
又、マレイン酸モノメチルの変性度はケン化前の共重合体の滴定による酸分の定量で分析を行ったところ、変性度は1.0モル%であり、変性PVA系樹脂のケン化度は、残存酢酸ビニル単位の加水分解に要するアルカリ消費量で分析を行ったところ90モル%であった。尚、この変成PVA系樹脂のB型粘度計による4%水溶液の粘度は、28.5cps/20℃で、重合度は1700であった。
【0021】
実施例1
上記の変性PVA系樹脂100部、グリセリン20部、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース20部、エタノール50部及び水550部からなるPVA水溶液を調製して本発明の親水性被覆剤を得た。
次に該被覆剤をバーコーターにて段ボール表面に乾燥厚みが100μm程度のなるように塗布し、20℃,65%RH下で放置して、皮膜の形成速度を調べて、以下の通り造膜性を評価した。
○ −−− 10分未満で造膜が完了し、皮膜表面のべたつきもない。
× −−− 10分以上経過しても造膜が不十分で、皮膜表面のべたつきが残る。
【0022】
また、上記の被覆剤を40℃で1ケ月間放置した後、該水溶液の保存安定性を調べるために粘度を測定して、以下の通り評価した。
○ −−− 粘度変化が5%未満
△ −−− 粘度変化が5〜20%未満
× −−− 粘度変化が20%以上
尚、粘度変化(%)とは、放置処理前の粘度に対する放置処理後の粘度の変化率(%)を示す。
なお、該被覆剤をパック剤として、顔面にパックを施したところ、乾燥性は良好で皮膚も艶やかになった。
【0023】
実施例2〜5、比較例1〜7
表1に示した成分及び仕込み量で上記の(変性PVA系樹脂の製造)と同様の手順により酢酸ビニルとの共重合(比較例7では、変性用の単量体を添加せず)及びケン化を行い表2に示す種々の変性PVA系樹脂を製造し、該PVA系樹脂を用いて実施例1と同様に親水性被覆剤を調製して、同様に評価を行った。
実施例及び比較例の評価結果を表3に示す。
【0024】
Figure 0003547860
【0025】
注)仕込み量は、モノマーの総仕込み量に対する(A)或いは(B)単量体の仕込みモル分率(モル%)を表す。
略語は以下の通り。
N−t−OAAm;N−tert−オクチルアクリルアミド
N−t−AAm;N−tert−アミルアクリルアミド
N−n−OAAm;N−n−オクチルアクリルアミド
3M;マレイン酸モノメチル
MRM;モノ(ジイソプロピルメチル)マレート
VeoVa−10;下記の化2で示される単量体
【化2】
Figure 0003547860
(但し、R,R,Rは水素又はアルキル基でR,R,Rの炭素数の合計は平均10である。)
AMPS;N−スルホイソブチレンアクリルアミドナトリウム
【0026】
【表2】
Figure 0003547860
【0027】
【表3】
Figure 0003547860
【0028】
【発明の効果】
本発明の親水性被覆剤は、特定の変性PVA系樹脂を用いているため、造膜性、保存安定性に優れるもので、建築材料用或いは包装用プラスチック材料や農業用フィルム等のコート用皮膜、化粧用パック剤、金属やプラスチック等の各種基材の表面保護用の暫定皮膜などの皮膜形成用途に大変有用である。[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a hydrophilic coating agent using polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter abbreviated as PVA), and more particularly, to a hydrophilic coating agent using a novel PVA-based resin and having excellent film-forming properties and storage stability. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, hydrophilic coating agents using PVA have various properties such as antistatic properties, antifogging properties, and water solubility, and therefore, coating films for building materials such as plastic materials for agricultural materials and agricultural films, and cosmetics. It is widely used in film forming applications such as packs, temporary films for surface protection of various substrates such as metals and plastics.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, although the physical properties of the formed film have various improvements due to the modification of PVA, which is the main component of the coating agent, the storage stability of the hydrophilic coating agent composed of the PVA aqueous solution and the film forming speed at the time of forming the film have been improved. There was still room for improvement.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve such a drawback, the present inventor has found that a branched alkyl acrylamide (A) represented by the following chemical formula 1 as a modifying component is 0.1 to 10 mol% (preferably 0.1 to 5 mol%). Novel PVA system comprising 0.1 to 10 mol% (preferably 0.1 to 5 mol%) of at least one kind of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid having a hydrophilic group or a salt thereof (B) The present inventors have found that a hydrophilic coating agent using a resin has excellent storage stability and a good film-forming speed, and has reached the present invention.
Embedded image
Figure 0003547860
(However, R 1 represents hydrogen or a methyl group, R 2 to R 4 represent an alkyl group or an aryl (aryl) group, R 5 represents a hydrogen or an alkyl group or an aryl (aryl) group, and R 2 to R 5 represent The total number of carbon atoms is 4 or more.)
[0005]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The modified PVA (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as modified PVA) -based resin of the present invention contains the units (A) and (B) as essential components as described above, and the unit (A) is 3 as shown in the above chemical formula. A branched alkyl acrylamide component having a primary carbon atom and having the above functional group of R 1 to R 5 , wherein the number of carbon atoms of the functional group of R 2 to R 5 is less than 4, the stability of the modifying group at the time of saponification and the coating The storage stability of the agent is poor, and the number of carbon atoms is preferably 4 to 16.
[0006]
Examples of the copolymerizable monomer containing the unit (A) include N-tert-octylacrylamide, N-1,1-dimethylbutylacrylamide, N-1,1,2-trimethylpropylacrylamide, N-1 -Methyl-1-ethylpropylacrylamide, N-1,1-dimethylpentylacrylamide, N-1,1,2-trimethylbutylacrylamide, N-1,1,3-trimethylbutylacrylamide, N-1,1,2 , 2-Tetramethylpropylacrylamide, N-1,2-dimethyl-1-ethylpropylacrylamide, N-1,1-diethylpropylacrylamide, N-1,1,2-trimethylpentylacrylamide, N-1,1, 3-trimethylpentylacrylamide, N-1,1,4-trimethylpentylacryl Amide, N-1,2-dimethyl-1-ethylbutylacrylamide, N-1,3-dimethyl-1-ethylbutylacrylamide, N-1,1,2,3-tetramethylbutylacrylamide, N-1,2 , 2-trimethyl-1-ethylbutylacrylamide, N-1,1,3-trimethylhexylacrylamide, N-1,1,4-trimethylhexylacrylamide, N-1,1,3,3-tetramethylpentylacrylamide, N-1-methyl-1-phenylethylacrylamide, N-1-methyl-1-isopropylpentylacrylamide, N-1,5 dimethyl-1-ethylhexylacrylamide, N-1,1-dimethyl-2-phenylethylacrylamide, N-1,1-dimethyl-3-phenylpropylacrylamide, N- , 1-diphenyl acrylamide, N-tert Amiruaku Li Ruamido, N-1-methyl-1-ethyl isobutyl acrylamide, N-2,2-dimethyl-1,1-diethyl acrylamide, N-1-methyl, 1 -Ethylbutylacrylamide, N-1,1 dimethylhexylacrylamide, N-1,1-dimethyldecylacrylamide, N, N-methyl-tert-butylacrylamide, N, N-isopropyl-tertbutylacrylamide.
[0007]
Further, N-tert-octyl methacrylamide, N-1,1-dimethylbutyl methacrylamide, N-1,1,2-trimethylpropyl methacrylamide, N-1-methyl-1-ethylpropyl methacrylamide, N- 1,1-dimethylpentyl methacrylamide, N-1,1,2-trimethylbutyl methacrylamide, N-1,1,3-trimethylbutyl methacrylamide, N-1,1,2,2-tetramethylpropyl methacrylamide , N-1,2-dimethyl-1-ethylpropyl methacrylamide, N-1,1-diethylpropyl methacrylamide, N-1,1,2-trimethylpentyl methacrylamide, N-1,1,3-trimethylpentyl Methacrylamide, N-1,1,4-trimethylpentyl Taacrylamide, N-1,2-dimethyl-1-ethylbutyl methacrylamide, N-1,3-dimethyl-1-ethylbutyl methacrylamide, N-1,1,2,3-tetramethylbutyl methacrylamide, N -1,2,2-trimethyl-1-ethylbutyl methacrylamide, N-1,1,3-trimethylhexyl methacrylamide, N-1,1,4-trimethylhexyl methacrylamide, N-1,1,3, 3-tetramethylpentyl methacrylamide, N-1-methyl-1-phenylethyl methacrylamide, N-1-methyl-1-isopropylpentyl methacrylamide, N-1,5 dimethyl-1-ethylhexyl methacrylamide, N-1 , 1-dimethyl-2-phenylethyl methacrylamide, N-1, -Dimethyl-3-phenylpropyl methacrylamide, N-1,1-diphenylethyl methacrylamide, N-tert-amyl methacrylamide, N-1-methyl-1-ethylisobutyl methacrylamide, N-2,2-dimethyl -1,1-diethylpropyl methacrylamide, N-1-methyl, 1-ethylbutyl methacrylamide, N-1,1 dimethylhexyl methacrylamide, N-1,1-dimethyldecyl methacrylamide, N, N-methyl -Tert-butyl methacrylamide, N, N-isopropyl-tert-butyl methacrylamide, and the like. N-tert-octylacrylamide is preferably used.
[0008]
Also, as the copolymerizable monomer containing a (B) unit, the parent having a aqueous base Rue ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acid or its salt is used, specifically acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic Acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, aconitic acid, fumaric acid, maleic monoester, itaconic monoester, citraconic monoester, fumaric monoester, maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride and these And the like.
[0009]
Usually, to produce the PVA resin of the present invention, a vinyl ester copolymer obtained by copolymerizing (A), (B) and vinyl ester (C) is saponified. Examples of (C) include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, and the like, with vinyl acetate being preferred from the viewpoint of economy.
[0010]
The ratio of each unit of the modified PVA-based resin is such that the N-branched alkyl acrylamide unit (A) represented by the above chemical formula is 0.1 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.1 to 5 mol%, and has a hydrophilic group. When the amount of the ethylenic monomer (B) is 0.1 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.1 to 5 mol%, and the above (A) and (B) are less than 0.1 mol% or more than 10 mol%, It is difficult to obtain the effects of the invention, which is not preferable. Further, the total content of the vinyl ester unit (C) and the vinyl alcohol unit (D) is preferably in the range of 80 to 99.8 mol%.
The saponification degree (the ratio of the vinyl alcohol unit (D) to the total amount of the vinyl ester unit (C) and the vinyl alcohol unit (D)) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 70 mol% or more, In particular, 75 mol% or more is preferable. If the saponification degree is less than 70 mol%, the water solubility is undesirably reduced.
[0011]
The polymerization degree of the modified PVA-based resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 300 to 3000, more preferably 500 to 2500, and when the polymerization degree is less than 300, the viscosity of the hydrophilic coating agent decreases, If it exceeds 3,000, the viscosity of the hydrophilic coating agent increases, and in both cases, workability tends to be poor.
[0012]
Next, a method for producing the modified PVA-based resin of the present invention will be described.
The modified PVA resin of the present invention comprises a copolymer of a branched alkyl acrylamide monomer, an ethylenic monomer having a hydrophilic group (at least one kind of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or a salt thereof), and a vinyl ester. It is obtained by The copolymerization reaction can be arbitrarily selected from known polymerization methods in radical polymerization, for example, bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization, etc., but solution polymerization is preferred from the industrial viewpoint. Further, any method such as batch polymerization and continuous polymerization can be selected. There are no particular limitations on the method of charging the monomers during the polymerization, and any method such as batch charging, split charging, and continuous charging may be employed, but the branched alkylacrylamide and the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or a salt thereof may be converted to PVA molecules. The split charging method or the continuous charging method is advantageous in that it can be uniformly introduced into the inside.
[0013]
As the catalyst for the copolymerization, known radical polymerization catalysts such as azobisisobutylnitrile, acetyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, lauryl peroxide, and low-temperature active radical catalysts such as azobisdimethylvaleronitrile and azobismethoxydimethylvaleronitrile, etc. Used. Further, the reaction temperature can be suitably selected from a temperature range well known to those skilled in the art.
[0014]
In such polymerization, other unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the monomer other than the above three components, such as alkyl vinyl ether, methacrylamide, ethylene, propylene, α-hexene, and the like, as long as the gist of the present invention is not impaired. α-octene, α-dodecene, olefins such as α-octadodecene, acrylonitrile, nitriles such as methacrylonitrile, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, alkyl crotonate, dialkyl maleate, dialkyl itaconate, A small amount of citraconic acid dialkyl ester, fumaric acid dialkyl ester, or the like may be copolymerized.
[0015]
The copolymer obtained by such a method is then saponified. As the saponification method, any method such as kneader saponification, continuous saponification, pearl saponification, or the like can be employed.In the saponification step, the remaining monomers are expelled if necessary, and then saponified according to a conventional method. Is done. Examples of the catalyst used for saponification include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, an alkali catalyst such as an alkali metal hydroxide such as potassium methylate, or an alkali catalyst such as an alcoholate, or sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid. An acid catalyst is used.
[0016]
The saponification reaction temperature is not particularly limited and is usually selected from the range of 10 to 60 ° C, preferably 20 to 50 ° C, and the saponification reaction is performed for 5 to 240 minutes. After completion of the saponification reaction, the desired modified PVA-based resin is obtained by neutralizing, washing with an alcohol or the like, if necessary, and drying.
Next, a hydrophilic coating agent using the obtained modified PVA-based resin will be described.
The hydrophilic coating agent of the present invention is an aqueous solution using the modified PVA-based resin, and contains the PVA-based resin in an amount of 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 5 to 30% by weight.
In addition, in the hydrophilic coating agent of the present invention, in addition to the above, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol are used as a solvent for the purpose of shortening the drying time and the like, and a cellulose derivative is blended when releasability is required. In some cases, plasticizers (glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, and polyethylene glycol and fatty acid esters thereof), flavors, and bactericides may be contained in appropriate amounts as other additives.
[0017]
In forming a film using such a hydrophilic coating agent, a known method can be employed, and specifically, a method of coating the surface of a substrate with a gravure coater, reverse roll coater, air knife coater, spray, or the like. And a method in which a film is formed on the surface of an object such as a substrate by immersion, and a method in which the film is applied by hand like a cosmetic pack.
The hydrophilic film obtained by such a method has excellent film-forming properties, and is used for coating films such as plastic materials for building materials and agricultural films, surface packs for cosmetics, and surface protection of various base materials such as metals and plastics. It is very useful for coating applications such as temporary coatings.
[0018]
[Operation]
Since the hydrophilic coating agent of the present invention uses a specific modified PVA-based resin, it is excellent in film-forming properties and storage stability, and is used as a coating film for building materials or plastic materials for packaging or agricultural films. It is very useful for film forming applications such as cosmetic packs and temporary films for surface protection of various substrates such as metals and plastics.
[0019]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples.
In the examples, “%” and “part” mean by weight unless otherwise specified.
(Production of modified PVA-based resin)
1000 parts of vinyl acetate and 450 parts of methanol were charged into a polymerization vessel equipped with a reflux condenser, a dropping funnel, and a stirrer, and the temperature was increased under a nitrogen stream while stirring, and 0.4 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile was added at 62 ° C to methanol. The solution dissolved in 19.6 parts was charged to initiate polymerization. From a polymerization starting point, polymerization was performed while continuously dropping 61.2 parts of a methanol solution in which 8.0 parts of monomethyl maleate and 22.6 parts of N-tert-octylacrylamide were dissolved over 5 hours, to thereby polymerize vinyl acetate. The polymerization was terminated when the rate reached 50%. Subsequently, unreacted vinyl acetate monomer was removed from the system by blowing methanol vapor to obtain a methanol solution of the copolymer.
[0020]
Next, the solution was diluted with methanol to adjust the concentration to 30%, charged into a kneader, and neutralized by adding sodium hydroxide while maintaining the solution temperature at 35 ° C. Further, 30 mmol of sodium hydroxide was added to the vinyl acetate unit in the resin, followed by kneading. As the saponification reaction progressed, a saponified product was precipitated, and finally became particulate. The resulting modified PVA-based resin was filtered, washed well with methanol, and dried in a hot air drier to obtain the desired product. The resulting modified PVA-based resin was extracted and washed with methanol using a Soxhlet extractor, and the degree of modification with N-tert-octylacrylamide was analyzed by 1 H-NMR. As a result, the degree of modification was 2.0 mol%.
When the degree of modification of monomethyl maleate was analyzed by titration of the copolymer before saponification by acid content, the degree of modification was 1.0 mol%, and the degree of modification of the modified PVA-based resin was 1.0 mol%. The amount of alkali consumed for hydrolysis of the remaining vinyl acetate units was analyzed to be 90 mol%. The viscosity of a 4% aqueous solution of the modified PVA resin measured by a B-type viscometer was 28.5 cps / 20 ° C., and the polymerization degree was 1,700.
[0021]
Example 1
An aqueous PVA solution comprising 100 parts of the modified PVA-based resin, 20 parts of glycerin, 20 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 50 parts of ethanol and 550 parts of water was prepared to obtain a hydrophilic coating agent of the present invention.
Next, the coating agent is applied on a corrugated cardboard surface with a bar coater so that the dry thickness is about 100 μm, and the coating is allowed to stand at 20 ° C. and 65% RH, and the film forming speed is examined. The sex was evaluated.
○ ---- The film formation was completed in less than 10 minutes, and there was no stickiness on the film surface.
× −−− Even after 10 minutes or more, film formation is insufficient, and the film surface remains sticky.
[0022]
After leaving the above coating agent at 40 ° C. for one month, the viscosity was measured in order to examine the storage stability of the aqueous solution, and evaluated as follows.
○ --- Change in viscosity is less than 5%. ----Change in viscosity is less than 5 to 20%. ----Change in viscosity is 20% or more. It shows the rate of change (%) in viscosity afterwards.
When the pack was applied to the face using the coating agent as a pack, the dryness was good and the skin became glossy.
[0023]
Examples 2 to 5, Comparative Examples 1 to 7
Copolymerization with vinyl acetate (in Comparative Example 7, no monomer for modification was added) and ken with the components and charge amounts shown in Table 1 in the same manner as in the above (Production of modified PVA-based resin) Then, various modified PVA-based resins shown in Table 2 were produced, and a hydrophilic coating agent was prepared using the PVA-based resin in the same manner as in Example 1, and was similarly evaluated.
Table 3 shows the evaluation results of the examples and the comparative examples.
[0024]
Figure 0003547860
[0025]
Note) The charged amount indicates the charged mole fraction (mol%) of the monomer (A) or (B) with respect to the total charged amount of the monomers.
Abbreviations are as follows:
N-t-OAAm; N- tert- octyl acrylate amide N-t-AAm; N- tert- amyl acrylamide-N-n OAAm; N- n- octyl acrylate amide 3M; maleic monomethyl MRM; mono (diisopropylmethyl) Malate VeoVa-10; a monomer represented by the following chemical formula 2:
Figure 0003547860
(However, R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are hydrogen or an alkyl group, and the total number of carbon atoms of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 is 10 on average.)
AMPS; sodium N-sulfoisobutylene acrylamide
[Table 2]
Figure 0003547860
[0027]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003547860
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
Since the hydrophilic coating agent of the present invention uses a specific modified PVA-based resin, it is excellent in film forming property and storage stability, and is used for coating films for building materials or packaging plastic materials and agricultural films. It is very useful for film forming applications such as cosmetic packs and temporary films for surface protection of various substrates such as metals and plastics.

Claims (1)

下記化1で示される分岐アルキルアクリルアミド(A)を0.1〜10モル%、親水性基を有するエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその塩の少なくとも1種(B)を0.1〜10モル%共重合してなるポリビニルアルコール系樹脂を主成分とすることを特徴とする親水性被覆剤。
Figure 0003547860
(但し、Rは水素又はメチル基、R〜Rは、アルキル基又はアリール(aryl)基、Rは水素又はアルキル基又はアリール(aryl)基をそれぞれ示し、R〜Rの炭素数の合計が4以上である。)
0.1 to 10 mol% of a branched alkyl acrylamide (A) represented by the following formula 1, and 0.1 to 10 mol% of at least one kind of a hydrophilic group-containing ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or a salt thereof (B). A hydrophilic coating agent comprising, as a main component, a copolymerized polyvinyl alcohol-based resin.
Figure 0003547860
(However, R 1 represents hydrogen or a methyl group, R 2 to R 4 represent an alkyl group or an aryl (aryl) group, R 5 represents a hydrogen or an alkyl group or an aryl (aryl) group, and R 2 to R 5 represent The total number of carbon atoms is 4 or more.)
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