JP3545378B2 - Water purifier - Google Patents

Water purifier Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3545378B2
JP3545378B2 JP2001371443A JP2001371443A JP3545378B2 JP 3545378 B2 JP3545378 B2 JP 3545378B2 JP 2001371443 A JP2001371443 A JP 2001371443A JP 2001371443 A JP2001371443 A JP 2001371443A JP 3545378 B2 JP3545378 B2 JP 3545378B2
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Prior art keywords
water
module
water purifier
main body
layer
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JP2002205060A (en
Inventor
久嘉 山森
昌彦 種池
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、主として水道水の蛇口と接続させて使用する浄水器に関し、より詳しくは、水道水等に溶解もしくは懸濁している鉛成分物質を吸着除去し得る濾過機構を有する浄水器に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
浄水器は、従来の活性炭単独使用による水道水中の残留塩素、その他の臭気成分、有機物質等の除去を有したものから、多孔質中空糸膜を併用することによって、コロイド成分や活性炭のみでは除去し難い細菌等の除去機能をも有したものとなり、安全でおいしい水の提供が可能となり、蛇口直結型を中心に広く用いられつつある。
【0003】
また、これら浄水器の機能のみでは除去し難い細菌等微生物の除去や殺菌効果をより効率よくするために、浄水器に使用されている活性炭等の濾過機構に銀等の殺菌剤を混用あるいは付加したり、紫外線照射やオゾン処理を施すなど各種の手法が提案され試みられている。
【0004】
【発明の解決しようとする課題】
しかし、これらの処理は、微生物や塩素系成分物質の除去には有効であるが、水中に溶出している重金属類成分物質の除去には適していない。特に飲料水の中心となっている水道水は、管材として(最近は使用されなくなってはいるが)これまで鉛管が用いられており、使用中における水道水中への溶出は避けられず、人体への有害度を基準として設定されている厚生省等の許容基準は満たしているものの、水道水中から摂取された鉛の微細粒子は、腸管等で吸収され易く、しかも、血液や骨に蓄積されるため安全な水としての見地からは問題がある。
【0005】
このような鉛成分物質の内、水中に懸濁している微細粒子については、ポリオレフィン系の高配向結晶性の中空糸を延伸して得られる、周壁部に互いにつながったミクロ積層構造を有した多数の短冊状微細空孔からなる多孔質中空糸膜を使用することによってある程度除去できることが確認されており、また水中に溶解しているものについては、活性炭によって少しは除去されることが知られているがいずれにしても充分とはいい難い。
【0006】
本発明は、浄水器が基本的に有する浄化機能に加え、水道水中等に溶存している鉛成分の除去機能を併せ有する浄水器を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の要旨は、原水中に溶解もしくは懸濁して存在する鉛成分物質の吸着濾過層を少なくとも含む吸着材と、多孔質中空糸膜とからなる濾過機構がモジュールに収納され、該モジュールが本体容器に収納されてなると共に、原水注入口からの水が、該モジュールの周囲と該本体容器との間に形成された水通路を上から下に向かって流れ、該モジュールの原水流入部と該本体容器の底部との間に形成された水通路で方向を転換した後、該モジュール内を下から上に向かって流れるように構成した浄水器であって、該モジュールの原水流入部と該本体容器の底部との間に形成される水通路が、周辺から中央に向かって狭くなるように形成されていることを特徴とする浄水器である。
前記鉛成分物質の吸着濾過層が、イオン交換樹脂、含水酸化鉄、ポリ無水マイレン酸変性ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリ(アクリルアミドオキシム)樹脂、PAN繊維のアミドオキシム化処理物のいずれかからなると、鉛の除去性能が高く好ましい。
た、前記鉛成分物質の吸着濾過層を、単独の独立した層として配置すること、活性炭と混合することがそれぞれ好ましい。
【0008】
本発明の浄水器の濾過機構に用いられる中空糸膜としては、細菌除去性能を有する精密浄過膜や限外浄過膜が用いられ、ポリオレフィン系、ポリスルフォン系ポリエステル系、ポリアミド系等任意のものの使用が可能である。中空糸膜自体が鉛除去機能を有しているという観点からは、上述したような周壁部に互いにつながったミクロ積層構造を有した多数の短冊状微細空孔からなるポリオレフィン系中空糸膜が好ましい。
【0009】
鉛成分物質の吸着濾過層に用いられる吸着材としては、イオン交換樹脂、含水酸化鉄、ポリ無水マイレン酸変性ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリ(アクリルアミドオキシム)樹脂、PAN繊維のアミドオキシム化処理物等の吸着材の使用が可能であり、この吸着材をそのまま若しくは他の物質に担持させて使用することができる。
【0010】
これら吸着材は、単独の独立した層として濾過機構内に設けられていてもよく、活性炭と混合した状態で活性炭層と併用されていてもよい。また、中空糸膜のポッテング用樹脂と混用して用いることも可能である。
【0011】
【作用】
吸着濾過層を水道水等の原水が通過時に、浄水器の濾過機構として併せ設けられた吸着濾過層に存在する鉛成分物質の吸着材によって、水道水中等に溶解あるいは懸濁して存在している鉛成分物質を選択的に吸着除去する。
【0012】
【実施例】
以下実施の態様を図面に従い詳細に説明する。
図1は、本発明の浄水器の一例を示した縦断面図であり、1は本体容器、2は本体容器に収納されたモジュール、3は活性炭層、4は中空糸膜、5は原水注入口、6は浄水吐出口、7は鉛成分物質の吸着濾過層をそれぞれ示している。
【0013】
図1において、原水注入口5から注入された原水は、活性炭層3を通り水道水中の残留塩素、その他の臭気成分、有機物質等が除去され、次いで活性炭層3と中空糸膜層4との中間に設けられた吸着濾過層7に到達し、選択的に鉛成分が吸着除去されて次の中空糸膜層4に達し、該中空糸膜層4によって微細な浮遊塵、コロイド成分、更に塩素殺菌のみでは除去し難い細菌等の除去等がおこなわれる。このとき、水が鉛直方向に流れるように構成してあるため、各層を水が通過する際に、水のショートパスが起こり難いため、活性炭や吸着層の性能を充分に発揮させることができる。
【0014】
図1においては、この吸着濾過層7が活性炭層3と中空糸膜層4との間に設けられているが、吸着濾過層7に位置は中空糸膜層4より上流の位置に設けられていればよく、例えば活性炭層3の直前に設けられていてもよい。
また、前述したように、吸着濾過層7は、単独の独立した層として濾過機構内に設けられていてもよく、活性炭と混合した状態で活性炭層と併用されていてもよい。また、中空糸膜のポッティング用樹脂と混用されていても差し支えない。
【0015】
本発明の更に具体的な実施例として、ポリエチレン多孔質中空糸膜と活性炭との組み合わせからなる濾過機構(A)と、図1に示したような本発明の濾過機構(B)とを有する浄水器に、原水を濾過させて原水中の鉛除去試験を実施した。その結果は下記の通りであった。
【0016】
【表1】

Figure 0003545378
【0017】
なお、浄水器としては、クリンスイ(ポリエチレン多孔質中空糸膜使用三菱レイヨン社製浄水器)を、家庭の水道水の蛇口に直結して使用した。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
本発明の浄水器は、濾過機構として鉛除去機能を有しており、これまでの活性炭や中空糸膜からなる浄水器ではなし得なかった極めて効能率な鉛除去が可能となり、本発明の浄水器を使用することによって水道水をより安全度の高いものとすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の浄水器の一例を示した縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 本体容器
2 モジュール
3 活性炭層
4 中空糸膜
5 原水注入口
6 浄水吐出口
7 吸着濾過層[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water purifier used mainly by being connected to a tap water tap, and more particularly to a water purifier having a filtration mechanism capable of adsorbing and removing a lead component dissolved or suspended in tap water or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Water purifiers have been used to remove residual chlorine, other odor components, organic substances, etc. in tap water by using activated carbon alone.By using a porous hollow fiber membrane together, it can be removed using only colloid components and activated carbon. It also has a function of removing bacteria and the like that are difficult to remove, and it is possible to provide safe and delicious water.
[0003]
In addition, in order to more efficiently remove microorganisms such as bacteria that are difficult to remove only with the function of these water purifiers and to improve the sterilization effect, a sterilizing agent such as silver is mixed or added to the filtration mechanism of activated carbon and the like used in the water purifiers. Various methods have been proposed and attempted, for example, UV irradiation or ozone treatment.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, these treatments are effective for removing microorganisms and chlorine-based component substances, but are not suitable for removing heavy metal component substances eluted in water. In particular, tap water, which is the main source of drinking water, has been used as a pipe material (although it has recently been discontinued), and lead pipe has been used so far. Despite meeting the acceptance criteria set by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, etc., which are set based on the degree of harm, the fine particles of lead ingested from tap water are easily absorbed by the intestinal tract, etc., and are accumulated in blood and bone There is a problem from the viewpoint of safe water.
[0005]
Among such lead components, the fine particles suspended in water are obtained by stretching polyolefin-based highly oriented crystalline hollow fibers, and have a multi-layer structure with a micro-laminated structure connected to the peripheral wall. It has been confirmed that it can be removed to some extent by using a porous hollow fiber membrane consisting of strip-shaped fine pores, and it is known that those dissolved in water can be removed to some extent by activated carbon. It is difficult to say that it is enough.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a water purifier that has a function of removing lead components dissolved in tap water and the like in addition to a purification function that a water purifier basically has.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention is that a filtration mechanism composed of an adsorbent containing at least an adsorption filtration layer of a lead component substance dissolved or suspended in raw water and a porous hollow fiber membrane is housed in a module, and the module is a main body. While being stored in the container, water from the raw water inlet flows downward from the top through a water passage formed between the periphery of the module and the main body container, and the raw water inflow portion of the module and the A water purifier configured to change its direction in a water passage formed between itself and the bottom of a main body container, and then to flow inside the module from bottom to top, wherein the raw water inflow portion of the module and the main body A water purifier characterized in that a water passage formed between the container and the bottom is narrowed from the periphery toward the center .
When the adsorption filtration layer of the lead component substance is made of any one of an ion exchange resin, an iron oxide hydroxide, a poly (malenic anhydride-modified polystyrene resin), a poly (acrylamide oxime) resin, and an amide oxime-treated product of a PAN fiber, lead is removed. High performance is preferable.
Also, the adsorptive filtering layer of the lead component material, be arranged as a separate layer alone, it is preferable respectively to mix with activated carbon.
[0008]
As the hollow fiber membrane used for the filtration mechanism of the water purifier of the present invention, a precision filtration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane having a bacteria removing performance is used, and a polyolefin-based, polysulfone-based polyester-based, polyamide-based or any other suitable membrane is used. Use of things is possible. From the viewpoint that the hollow fiber membrane itself has a lead removing function, a polyolefin-based hollow fiber membrane comprising a large number of strip-shaped fine pores having a micro-laminated structure connected to the peripheral wall as described above is preferable. .
[0009]
Examples of the adsorbent used for the adsorption filtration layer of the lead component substance include ion exchange resins, hydrous iron oxide, poly (malenic anhydride-modified polystyrene resin), poly (acrylamide oxime) resin, and amide oxime-modified PAN fibers. Can be used, and the adsorbent can be used as it is or by being supported on another substance.
[0010]
These adsorbents may be provided in the filtration mechanism as a single independent layer, or may be used together with the activated carbon layer in a state of being mixed with the activated carbon. It is also possible to use a mixture with the potting resin of the hollow fiber membrane.
[0011]
[Action]
When raw water such as tap water passes through the adsorptive filtration layer, it is dissolved or suspended in tap water or the like by the adsorbent of the lead component substance present in the adsorptive filter layer provided as a filtration mechanism of the water purifier when the raw water passes therethrough. Lead components are selectively adsorbed and removed.
[0012]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a water purifier of the present invention, wherein 1 is a main body container, 2 is a module housed in the main body container, 3 is an activated carbon layer, 4 is a hollow fiber membrane, and 5 is raw water injection. An inlet, 6 is a purified water discharge port, and 7 is an adsorption filtration layer of a lead component substance.
[0013]
In FIG. 1, raw water injected from a raw water inlet 5 passes through an activated carbon layer 3 to remove residual chlorine, other odor components, organic substances, and the like in tap water. It reaches the adsorption filtration layer 7 provided in the middle, the lead component is selectively adsorbed and removed, and reaches the next hollow fiber membrane layer 4, where fine suspended dust, colloid components, and chlorine Bacteria and the like that are difficult to remove by sterilization alone are removed. At this time, since the water is configured to flow in the vertical direction, a short path of water hardly occurs when the water passes through each layer, so that the performance of the activated carbon and the adsorption layer can be sufficiently exhibited.
[0014]
In FIG. 1, the adsorption filtration layer 7 is provided between the activated carbon layer 3 and the hollow fiber membrane layer 4, but the adsorption filtration layer 7 is provided at a position upstream of the hollow fiber membrane layer 4. For example, it may be provided immediately before the activated carbon layer 3.
Further, as described above, the adsorption filtration layer 7 may be provided in the filtration mechanism as a single independent layer, or may be used together with the activated carbon layer in a state of being mixed with the activated carbon. Further, it may be mixed with the potting resin of the hollow fiber membrane.
[0015]
As a more specific embodiment of the present invention, purified water having a filtration mechanism (A) composed of a combination of a polyethylene porous hollow fiber membrane and activated carbon, and a filtration mechanism (B) of the invention as shown in FIG. The raw water was filtered by a vessel to conduct a lead removal test in the raw water. The results were as follows.
[0016]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003545378
[0017]
As a water purifier, a clean water purifier (water purifier manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. using a polyethylene porous hollow fiber membrane) was directly connected to a tap water at home.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
The water purifier of the present invention has a lead removal function as a filtration mechanism, and enables extremely efficient lead removal that could not be achieved with a water purifier made of a conventional activated carbon or hollow fiber membrane. By using a container, tap water can be made more safe.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a water purifier of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body container 2 Module 3 Activated carbon layer 4 Hollow fiber membrane 5 Raw water inlet 6 Purified water outlet 7 Adsorption filtration layer

Claims (4)

原水中に溶解もしくは懸濁して存在する鉛成分物質の吸着濾過層を少なくとも含む吸着材と、多孔質中空糸膜とからなる濾過機構がモジュールに収納され、該モジュールが本体容器に収納されてなると共に、原水注入口からの水が、該モジュールの周囲と該本体容器との間に形成された水通路を上から下に向かって流れ、該モジュールの原水流入部と該本体容器の底部との間に形成された水通路で方向を転換した後、該モジュール内を下から上に向かって流れるように構成した浄水器であって、該モジュールの原水流入部と該本体容器の底部との間に形成される水通路が、周辺から中央に向かって狭くなるように形成されていることを特徴とする浄水器A filter mechanism comprising at least an adsorbent containing at least an adsorption filtration layer of a lead component substance dissolved or suspended in raw water and a porous hollow fiber membrane is housed in a module, and the module is housed in a main body container. At the same time, water from the raw water inlet flows downward from the top through a water passage formed between the periphery of the module and the main body container, and the water flows between the raw water inflow portion of the module and the bottom of the main body container. A water purifier configured to change its direction in a water passage formed therebetween and then flow upward in the module from bottom to bottom, wherein the water purifier is disposed between a raw water inflow portion of the module and a bottom portion of the main body container. The water passage formed in the water purifier is formed so that it may become narrower from the periphery toward the center . 前記鉛成分物質の吸着濾過層が、イオン交換樹脂、含水酸化鉄、ポリ無水マイレン酸変性ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリ(アクリルアミドオキシム)樹脂、PAN繊維のアミドオキシム化処理物のいずれかからなる請求項1記載の浄水器。2. The adsorption filtration layer of the lead component substance is made of any one of an ion exchange resin, an iron oxide hydroxide, a poly (malenic anhydride-modified polystyrene resin), a poly (acrylamide oxime) resin, and an amide oxime-modified PAN fiber. Water purifier. 前記鉛成分物質の吸着濾過層が、単独の独立した層として設けられてなる請求項1又は2記載の浄水器。 3. The water purifier according to claim 1, wherein the lead component substance adsorption filtration layer is provided as a single independent layer . 4. 前記鉛成分物質の吸着濾過層が、活性炭と混合されている請求項1又は2記載の浄水器。The water purifier according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adsorption filtration layer of the lead component substance is mixed with activated carbon .
JP2001371443A 2001-12-05 2001-12-05 Water purifier Expired - Lifetime JP3545378B2 (en)

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