JP3542324B2 - Aerator - Google Patents

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JP3542324B2
JP3542324B2 JP2000281105A JP2000281105A JP3542324B2 JP 3542324 B2 JP3542324 B2 JP 3542324B2 JP 2000281105 A JP2000281105 A JP 2000281105A JP 2000281105 A JP2000281105 A JP 2000281105A JP 3542324 B2 JP3542324 B2 JP 3542324B2
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stirring blade
water
sewage
aerator
cylindrical body
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JP2002086184A (en
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浩輔 大出
誠一 田辺
知也 岡村
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日立機電工業株式会社
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、曝気機に関し、特に、水中に空気(酸素)を供給する好気運転(曝気運転)と、水中に空気(酸素)を供給しない嫌気運転(攪拌運転)とを、電動機の回転方向を切り替えるだけで、効率的に行うことができるようにした曝気機に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、水中に空気を供給する好気運転と、水中に空気を供給しない嫌気運転とを、交互に切り替えて汚水処理を行う場合、汚水処理槽の水面付近に曝気機を設置して、好気運転時には、電動機により回転駆動される回転軸を上昇させて、一方向に回転させることにより、汚水を吸い上げ、噴水のように汚水を周囲に飛散させて汚水の落下により水中に空気を送り込んでエアレーション(曝気)を行い、一方、嫌気運転時には、回転軸を降下させて、逆方向に回転させることにより、汚水中に水流を発生させて攪拌を行うようにしていた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上記従来の曝気機においては、好気運転と嫌気運転とを切り替える場合、電動機により回転駆動される回転軸の回転方向を切り替えることに加えて、好気運転時には、汚水を吸い上げ、噴水のように汚水を周囲に飛散させ、一方、嫌気運転時には、汚水中に水流を発生させるため、攪拌羽根を取り付けた回転軸を昇降させる昇降機構が必要となり、曝気機の構造が複雑になるという問題があった。
【0004】
本発明は、上記従来の曝気機の有する問題点に鑑み、攪拌羽根を取り付けた回転軸を昇降させる昇降機構を設けることなく、電動機の回転方向を切り替えるだけで、水中に空気を供給する好気運転と、水中に空気を供給しない嫌気運転とを、効率的に行うことができるようにした曝気機を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の曝気機は、電動機により回転駆動される回転軸に取り付けた攪拌羽根と、前記回転軸の周囲を覆うように配設した筒体とを備えるようにした曝気機において、前記筒体を水面下から水面上方にかけて配設するとともに、前記攪拌羽根を、少なくともその大部分が筒体内の水面上に位置する上部攪拌羽根と、筒体の下端より下方の水中に位置する下部攪拌羽根とに、分断して配設し、好気運転の起動時には、電動機により回転駆動される回転軸を一方向に回転することにより、筒体の下端より下方の水中に位置するように配設した下部攪拌羽根によって、汚水を筒体内に送り込み、少なくともその大部分が筒体内の水面上に位置するように配設した上部攪拌羽根によって、筒体内に送り込まれた汚水を吸い上げ、以後継続的に好気運転を行うとともに、嫌気運転時には、回転軸を逆方向に回転することにより、筒体の下端より下方の水中に配設した下部攪拌羽根によって、汚水中に水流を発生させて攪拌を行うようにして、電動機の回転方向を切り替えるだけで、好気運転と嫌気運転とを行うようにしたことを特徴とする。
【0006】
この曝気機は、回転軸の周囲を覆うように配設した筒体を水面下から水面上方にかけて配設するとともに、攪拌羽根を、少なくともその大部分が筒体内の水面上に位置する上部攪拌羽根と、筒体の下端より下方の水中に位置する下部攪拌羽根とに、分断して配設するようにしているので、好気運転の起動時には、電動機により回転駆動される回転軸を一方向に回転することにより、筒体の下端より下方の水中に位置するように配設した下部攪拌羽根によって、汚水を筒体内に送り込み、さらに、少なくともその大部分が筒体内の水面上に位置するように配設した上部攪拌羽根によって、筒体内に送り込まれた汚水を吸い上げ、以後継続的に噴水のように汚水を周囲に飛散させて汚水の落下により水中に空気を送り込んでエアレーションによる好気運転を行い、一方、嫌気運転時には、回転軸を逆方向に回転することにより、筒体の下端より下方の水中に配設した下部攪拌羽根によって、汚水中に水流を発生させて攪拌を行うようにする。
なお、この嫌気運転時には、少なくともその大部分が筒体内の水面上に位置するように配設した上部攪拌羽根は、筒体内で空転することとなり、嫌気運転に悪影響を及ぼすこと防止できる。
【0007】
この場合において、上部攪拌羽根を、上部から下方に向けて径が縮小する螺旋形状に形成することができる。
【0008】
これにより、好気運転時には、筒体内に送り込まれた汚水を確実に吸い上げることができるとともに、確実に嫌気運転に悪影響を及ぼさないようにすることができる。
【0009】
この場合、上部から下方に向けて径が縮小する螺旋形状に形成した上部攪拌羽根の下部の径を、軸方向に所定長さに亘って一定に形成することができる。
【0010】
これにより、汚水処理槽の水位変動の影響を受けることなく、好気運転時には、筒体内に送り込まれた汚水を確実に吸い上げることができるとともに、一層確実に嫌気運転に悪影響を及ぼさないようにすることができる。
【0011】
また、上部攪拌羽根と下部攪拌羽根の間に中間攪拌羽根を配設することができる。
【0012】
これにより、好気運転時に、中間攪拌羽根によって、汚水を筒体内に円滑に送り込む補助作用を行うようにすることができる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の曝気機の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
【0014】
図1〜図3に、本発明の曝気機の一実施例を示す。
図1は、曝気機1を矩形形状の汚水処理槽に設置し、好気運転を行っている状態を、図2は、嫌気運転を行っている状態を、それぞれ示す。
【0015】
ところで、この曝気機1が設置される汚水処理槽Aは、特に限定されるものではないが、汚水処理を行うために汎用されている矩形形状をした所要容量を有するもので、汚水処理槽Aの中央部に曝気機1が設置される。
【0016】
曝気機1は、汚水処理槽Aに架台等を介して固定して設置し、これにより、汚水処理槽A全体の汚水の曝気・攪拌を均一に行えるようにする。
なお、曝気機1を、図4に示す変形実施例に示すように、フロートFにて浮遊状態に支持するようにした場合には、水位変動に対応できるようにバネ18aを付設したワイヤー18等により回転を拘束して設置するようにする。
【0017】
曝気機1には、水面上に配置された回転方向を切り替えることができる電動機11の駆動軸16の下端に、水中の所定深度に達する長さを有する回転軸12を鉛直に接続するようにする。
【0018】
そして、この回転軸12の周囲を、所定の間隔をあけて覆う円筒形状の筒体15を、水面下から水面上方にかけて配設するようにする。
この円筒形状の筒体15の上端は、汚水を周囲に飛散させることができるように、曝気機1の水上部と所定の間隔をあけて配設するとともに、筒体15の下端部は、ストレート又は図示するように漏斗状にやや拡開するように形成するようにする。
【0019】
また、図3に示すように、電動機11と筒体15の間に、電動機11(駆動軸16)と筒体15との軸方向の相対的な位置、すなわち、筒体15の設置位置(水深)を調節する調節機構15aを配設し、これにより、汚水処理槽Aの汚水の水位や好気運転又は嫌気運転に応じて、筒体15の設置位置(水深)を調節することができるようにする。
なお、筒体15の上端から汚水を周囲に飛散させた際に、調節機構15aに汚水に含まれる毛髪等の繊維状物質が絡み付くのを防止するために、調節機構15aを構成する棒状体の外周を図3(D)又は図3(E)に示すような、断面形状を楕円形又は流線形に形成したカバー体15bを配設することが望ましい。
【0020】
また、回転軸12には、2種類の攪拌羽根13,14を、少なくともその大部分が筒体15内の水面上に位置する(その全部を筒体15内の水面上に位置するように配設することもできる。)上部攪拌羽根13と、筒体15の下端より下方の水中に位置する下部攪拌羽根14とに、分断して配設するとともに、汚水を周囲に飛散させることができるように、その上端部に逆円錐部17を形成するようにしている。
【0021】
この場合、攪拌羽根13,14は、水流を発生することができるものであれば、同じ構造としても、あるいは異なる構造としてもよく、その構造は図示のものに限定されない。
【0022】
そして、攪拌羽根13,14を、少なくともその大部分が筒体15内の水面上に位置する上部攪拌羽根13と、筒体15の下端より下方の水中に位置する下部攪拌羽根14とに、分断して配設することにより、両者を異なる構造とすることが容易になる。
【0023】
具体的には、例えば、少なくともその大部分が筒体15内の水面上に位置する上部攪拌羽根13に、螺旋形状に形成した構造のものを採用することにより、好気運転時に、筒体15内に送り込まれた汚水を確実に吸い上げるようにすることができる。
そして、この螺旋形状に形成した構造の上部攪拌羽根13は、軸方向に均一な径の螺旋形状に形成した構造のものを採用することもできるが、特に、図3に詳示するように、上部から下方に向けて径が縮小する螺旋形状に形成した構造のものを採用することにより、好気運転時には、筒体15内に送り込まれた汚水を確実に吸い上げることができるようにしながら、水位変動等があっても確実に嫌気運転に悪影響を及ぼさないようにすることができるものとなる。すなわち、嫌気運転時に、筒体15内の汚水の水位が上昇し、汚水が上部攪拌羽根13に接触しても、この部分の上部攪拌羽根13は小径なため、筒体15内の汚水は主として筒体15の外周方向の力を受け、筒体15内の汚水の上下方向の水位変動を抑制することができ、振動等も比較的小さく、安定した嫌気運転を行うことができる。
【0024】
さらに、図3(C)に示すように、上部から下方に向けて径が縮小する螺旋形状に形成した上部攪拌羽根13の下部の径を、軸方向に所定長さLに亘って一定に形成することにより、この範囲において、汚水処理槽Aの水位変動を吸収し、汚水処理槽Aの水位変動の影響を受けることなく、好気運転時には、筒体15内に送り込まれた汚水を確実に吸い上げることができるとともに、一層確実に嫌気運転に悪影響を及ぼさないようにすることができる。
【0025】
また、筒体15の下端より下方の水中に位置する下部攪拌羽根14に、流れが周方向に広がらないような構造のものを採用することにより、水深の大きな汚水処理槽の場合においても、水面近くに位置する攪拌羽根14により、充分な流速を有する底部水流を発生させることができ、また、曝気機1の機長を短くでき、メンテナンスの際に、曝気機1を水面上に容易に吊り上げることができるものとなる。
【0026】
さらに、図5及び図6に示す変形実施例のように、少なくともその大部分が筒体15内の水面上に位置する上部攪拌羽根13と筒体15の下端より下方の水中に位置する下部攪拌羽根14の間に、中間攪拌羽根19a又は中間攪拌羽根19bを配設することができる。
この中間攪拌羽根19a、19bの構造は、特に限定されるものではないが、図5に示すものは、下部攪拌羽根14と相似形状(小形)の中間攪拌羽根19aを下部攪拌羽根14とは逆向きに水中に位置するように配設するように、また、図6に示すものは、ボールねじ状の螺旋形状のリブを形成した中間攪拌羽根19bを水面上と水中に跨って位置するように配設するようにしている。
このように、上部攪拌羽根13と下部攪拌羽根14の間に中間攪拌羽根19a、19bを配設することにより、好気運転時に、中間攪拌羽根19a、19bによって、汚水を筒体15内に円滑に送り込む補助作用を行うようにすることができる。また、これらの中間攪拌羽根19a、19bは、いずれも、小形で回転抵抗が小さいため、嫌気運転時の悪影響を小さく抑えることができる。そして、特に、図6に示すボールねじ状の螺旋形状のリブを形成した中間攪拌羽根19bは、汚水に含まれる毛髪等が絡みにくいため、曝気機1の保守作業を軽減することができる。
【0027】
また、図5及び図6に示す変形実施例においては、汚水を周囲に均等に飛散させることができるように、回転軸12の上端部に逆円錐部17を形成することに加え、筒体15の上端に、上面の中心部が若干窪んだ円錐面に形成したドーナツ状の整流ブロック20を配設するようにしている。
【0028】
次に、この曝気機1の動作について説明する。
まず、好気運転の起動時には、図1に示すように、電動機11により回転駆動される回転軸12を一方向に回転することにより、筒体15の下端より下方の水中に位置する下部攪拌羽根14によって、汚水を筒体15内に送り込み、さらに、少なくともその大部分が筒体15内の水面上に位置する上部攪拌羽根13によって、筒体15内に送り込まれた汚水を吸い上げ、以後継続的に噴水のように汚水を周囲に飛散させて汚水の水滴飛散による空気との接触と汚水の落下による水中への空気の送り込みによりエアレーションによる好気運転を行うことができる。
また、これと併せて、筒体15の下端より下方の水中に位置する下部攪拌羽根14によって、汚水処理槽1の中心部では、上向きの水流が発生し、これが、汚水処理槽1に循環水流を発生させて汚水処理槽A全体の攪拌を行うことができる。
なお、回転軸12の回転開始初期は、少なくともその大部分が筒体15内の水面上に位置する上部攪拌羽根13は、筒体15内で空転するが、筒体15の下端より下方の水中に位置する下部攪拌羽根14によって、汚水が筒体15内に送り込まれることによって、筒体15内に汚水で充満すると、攪拌羽根13によって、筒体15内に送り込まれた汚水を吸い上げることができる。
【0029】
一方、嫌気運転時には、図2に示すように、電動機11により回転駆動される回転軸12を逆方向に回転することにより、筒体15の下端より下方の水中に位置する下部攪拌羽根14によって、汚水処理槽1の中心部では、下向きの水流が発生し、これが、汚水処理槽1に循環水流を発生させて汚水処理槽A全体の攪拌を行うことができる。
なお、この嫌気運転時には、少なくともその大部分が筒体15内の水面上に位置する上部攪拌羽根13は、筒体15内で空転し、嫌気運転に悪影響を及ぼさない。
【0030】
そして、この曝気機1は、さらに、以下のような利点を有している。
(1)一般的に汚水処理槽内の単位水量当たりに要する動力は、好気運転時の方が、嫌気運転時より大きくなるように設定するのが望ましい。
この曝気機1では、嫌気運転時に、少なくともその大部分が筒体15内の水面上に位置する上部攪拌羽根13が空転するようにされているため、嫌気運転時の動力を好気運転時と比べて小さくでき、よって、嫌気運転時のみ回転速度を遅くするなど、従来の制御方式のような制御を必要としないため、機器の構成が簡単となる。
(2)この曝気機1では、水面近くの筒体15の下端より下方の水中に位置する下部攪拌羽根14により、充分な流速を有する底部水流を発生させることができる。
特に、この曝気機1では、嫌気運転時に、少なくともその大部分が筒体15内の水面上に位置する上部攪拌羽根13が、筒体15内で空転し、嫌気運転に悪影響を及ぼさないため、エネルギー効率が良好となり、小さな動力で、充分な流速を有する底部水流を発生させることができる。
(3)通常、好気運転時に、水面近くに配設した攪拌羽根によって、汚水処理槽の汚水を水面付近から上向きに吸い込むことにより底部に水流を発生させる場合においては、充分な流速を有する底部水流を発生させるために大きな動力を必要とする。
これに対して、この曝気機1では、好気運転時に、少なくともその大部分が筒体15内の水面上の位置と、筒体15の下端より下方の水中の位置とに、分断して配設した2種類の攪拌羽根13,14によって、汚水処理槽1の底部に水流を発生させ、底部の汚水を上向きに吸い込むことができるため、充分な流速を有する底部水流を発生させるために大きな動力を必要としない。
なお、この時に必要とされる動力は、嫌気運転時よりは大きいが、これは、必要な酸素溶解速度を満たすエアレーションのために必要な動力であるため、底部水流を発生させるために無駄に動力を消費することがない。
(4)好気運転時に、汚水処理槽の底部付近の酸素濃度の低い水を吸い上げ、水面でエアレーションを行うので、単位動力当たりの酸素溶解効率(酸素溶解速度効率)を高くすることができる。
【0031】
以上、本発明の曝気機について、複数の実施例に基づいて説明したが、本発明は上記実施例に記載した構成に限定されるものではなく、各実施例に記載した構成を適宜組み合わせる等、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において適宜その構成を変更することができるものである。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
本発明の曝気機によれば、回転軸の周囲を覆うように配設した筒体を水面下から水面上方にかけて配設するとともに、攪拌羽根を筒体内の水面上の位置と、筒体の下端より下方の水中とに、分断して配設するようにしているので、好気運転の起動時には、電動機により回転駆動される回転軸を一方向に回転することにより、筒体の下端より下方の水中に配設した攪拌羽根によって、汚水を筒体内に送り込み、さらに、筒体内の水面上の位置に配設した攪拌羽根によって、筒体内に送り込まれた汚水を吸い上げ、以後継続的に噴水のように汚水を周囲に飛散させて汚水の落下により水中に空気を送り込んでエアレーションによる好気運転を行うことができる。この場合、好気運転の定常状態においては、攪拌羽根を複数配設しても、上部攪拌羽根を配設した場合の消費電力とほぼ等しい電力消費量で以て好気運転を行うことができる。
また、一方、嫌気運転時には、回転軸を逆方向に回転することにより、筒体の下端より下方の水中に配設した攪拌羽根によって、汚水中に水流を発生させて攪拌を行うことができる。
これにより、攪拌羽根を取り付けた回転軸を昇降させる昇降機構を設けることなく、電動機の回転方向を切り替えるだけで、水中に空気を供給する好気運転と、水中に空気を供給しない嫌気運転とを、効率的に行うことができるとともに、曝気機の構造が簡易となり、維持管理が容易で、信頼性の高い曝気機を得ることができる。
【0033】
また、上部攪拌羽根を、上部から下方に向けて径が縮小する螺旋形状に形成することにより、好気運転時には、筒体内に送り込まれた汚水を確実に吸い上げることができるとともに、確実に嫌気運転に悪影響を及ぼさないようにすることができる。
【0034】
また、上部から下方に向けて径が縮小する螺旋形状に形成した上部攪拌羽根の下部の径を、軸方向に所定長さに亘って一定に形成することにより、汚水処理槽の水位変動の影響を受けることなく、好気運転時には、筒体内に送り込まれた汚水を確実に吸い上げることができるとともに、一層確実に嫌気運転に悪影響を及ぼさないようにすることができる。
【0035】
また、上部攪拌羽根と下部攪拌羽根の間に中間攪拌羽根を配設することにより、好気運転時に、中間攪拌羽根によって、汚水を筒体内に円滑に送り込む補助作用を行うようにすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の曝気機の一実施例を示し、好気運転を行っている状態を示す断面図である。
【図2】同嫌気運転を行っている状態を示す断面図である。
【図3】曝気機の拡大図で、(A)は筒体を降下させた状態を示す曝気機の断面図、(B)は筒体を上昇させた状態を示す曝気機の断面図、(C)は回転軸の変形例を示す正面図、(D)及び(E)は調節機構のカバー体を示す斜視図である。
【図4】本発明の曝気機の変形実施例を示す断面図である。
【図5】本発明の曝気機の変形実施例を示す断面図である。
【図6】本発明の曝気機の変形実施例を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
A 汚水処理槽
F フロート
1 曝気機
11 電動機
12 回転軸
13 上部攪拌羽根
14 下部攪拌羽根
15 筒体
16 駆動軸
17 逆円錐部
18 ワイヤー
19a、19b 中間攪拌羽根
20 整流ブロック
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aerator, and in particular, performs an aerobic operation (aeration operation) for supplying air (oxygen) into water and an anaerobic operation (agitating operation) for not supplying air (oxygen) to water in the rotating direction of the motor. The present invention relates to an aerator that can be efficiently performed simply by switching the aeration method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when performing sewage treatment by alternately switching between aerobic operation that supplies air into the water and anaerobic operation that does not supply air into the water, installing an aerator near the water surface of the sewage treatment tank During operation, the rotating shaft driven by the electric motor is raised and rotated in one direction to suck up sewage, scatter sewage around like a fountain, and send air into the water by dropping sewage to aerate. On the other hand, during anaerobic operation, the rotating shaft was lowered and rotated in the opposite direction to generate a water flow in the sewage to perform stirring.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional aerator, when switching between the aerobic operation and the anaerobic operation, in addition to switching the rotation direction of the rotating shaft rotationally driven by the electric motor, at the time of the aerobic operation, sucks up sewage and fountain. In the anaerobic operation, on the other hand, during anaerobic operation, a water flow is generated in the sewage, so that an elevating mechanism for raising and lowering a rotating shaft equipped with stirring blades is required, which complicates the structure of the aerator. was there.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the conventional aerator, and does not provide an elevating mechanism for elevating a rotary shaft having a stirring blade attached thereto. An object of the present invention is to provide an aerator capable of efficiently performing an operation and an anaerobic operation that does not supply air into water.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an aerator according to the present invention includes an agitating blade attached to a rotating shaft that is driven to rotate by an electric motor, and a cylindrical body disposed to cover the periphery of the rotating shaft. In the machine, the cylindrical body is disposed from below the water surface to above the water surface, and the stirring blade is at least most of the upper stirring blade located on the water surface in the cylindrical body, and into the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body. When the aerobic operation is started, the rotating shaft driven by the electric motor is rotated in one direction to be positioned in the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body. The sewage is sent into the cylinder by the lower stirring blades arranged as described above, and the sewage sent into the cylinder is absorbed by the upper stirring blades arranged so that at least most of the sewage is located on the water surface in the cylinder. After that, while continuously performing aerobic operation, during anaerobic operation, by rotating the rotating shaft in the opposite direction, a water flow is generated in the sewage by the lower stirring blade arranged in the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body. The aerobic operation and the anaerobic operation are performed only by switching the rotation direction of the electric motor by performing the stirring .
[0006]
In this aerator, a cylindrical body disposed so as to cover the circumference of a rotating shaft is provided from below the water surface to above the water surface, and the stirring blade is provided with an upper stirring blade at least most of which is located on the water surface in the cylindrical body. And the lower stirring blades located in the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body, so that the rotating shaft driven by the electric motor rotates in one direction when the aerobic operation is started. By rotating, sewage is sent into the cylinder by the lower stirring blades arranged so as to be located in the water below the lower end of the cylinder, and at least most of the sewage is positioned on the water surface in the cylinder. With the upper stirring blades arranged, the sewage sent into the cylinder is sucked up, and then the sewage is continuously scattered around like a fountain. On the other hand, during anaerobic operation, during anaerobic operation, by rotating the rotating shaft in the opposite direction, the lower stirring blade disposed in the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body generates a water flow in the sewage and performs stirring. To do.
At the time of the anaerobic operation, the upper stirring blade arranged so that at least most of the upper agitator is located on the water surface in the cylinder will idle in the cylinder, thereby preventing adverse effects on the anaerobic operation.
[0007]
In this case, the upper stirring blade can be formed in a spiral shape whose diameter decreases downward from the upper portion.
[0008]
Thus, during aerobic operation, the sewage fed into the cylinder can be reliably sucked up, and the anaerobic operation can be reliably prevented from being adversely affected.
[0009]
In this case, the diameter of the lower part of the upper stirring blade formed in a spiral shape whose diameter decreases from the upper part to the lower part can be formed to be constant over a predetermined length in the axial direction.
[0010]
Thus, during aerobic operation, the sewage fed into the cylinder can be reliably sucked up without being affected by the water level fluctuation of the sewage treatment tank, and the anaerobic operation is more reliably prevented from being adversely affected. be able to.
[0011]
Further, an intermediate stirring blade can be provided between the upper stirring blade and the lower stirring blade.
[0012]
Thus, during the aerobic operation, the intermediate stirring blades can perform an assisting action of smoothly feeding sewage into the cylinder.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of an aerator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
1 to 3 show an embodiment of the aerator according to the present invention.
1 shows a state in which the aerator 1 is installed in a rectangular sewage treatment tank and performs aerobic operation, and FIG. 2 shows a state in which anaerobic operation is performed.
[0015]
By the way, the sewage treatment tank A in which the aerator 1 is installed is not particularly limited, but is a sewage treatment tank A having a required capacity of a rectangular shape generally used for performing sewage treatment. The aerator 1 is installed in the central part of.
[0016]
The aerator 1 is fixedly installed on the sewage treatment tank A via a gantry or the like, so that the entire sewage treatment tank A can be uniformly aerated and stirred.
When the aerator 1 is supported in a floating state by a float F as shown in a modified embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a wire 18 or the like provided with a spring 18a so as to be able to cope with water level fluctuations is provided. The rotation is restricted by setting.
[0017]
The rotating shaft 12 having a length reaching a predetermined depth in the water is vertically connected to the lower end of the drive shaft 16 of the electric motor 11 which is arranged on the water surface and can switch the rotating direction. .
[0018]
Then, a cylindrical tubular body 15 that covers the periphery of the rotating shaft 12 at a predetermined interval is provided from below the water surface to above the water surface.
The upper end of the cylindrical body 15 is arranged at a predetermined distance from the upper surface of the aerator 1 so that sewage can be scattered around, and the lower end of the cylindrical body 15 is straight. Alternatively, it is formed so as to be slightly expanded in a funnel shape as shown in the figure.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 3, the relative position in the axial direction between the electric motor 11 (drive shaft 16) and the cylindrical body 15, that is, the installation position of the cylindrical body 15 (water depth) between the electric motor 11 and the cylindrical body 15. ) Is provided, whereby the installation position (water depth) of the cylindrical body 15 can be adjusted according to the water level of the sewage treatment tank A and the aerobic operation or the anaerobic operation. To
In addition, when sewage is scattered from the upper end of the cylindrical body 15 to the surroundings, in order to prevent a fibrous substance such as hair contained in the sewage from being entangled with the adjustment mechanism 15a, a rod-shaped body constituting the adjustment mechanism 15a is formed. It is desirable to provide a cover body 15b whose outer periphery is formed in an elliptical or streamlined cross section as shown in FIG. 3 (D) or FIG. 3 (E).
[0020]
In addition, two types of stirring blades 13 and 14 are disposed on the rotating shaft 12 at least for the most part on the water surface in the cylinder 15 (all of them are arranged on the water surface in the cylinder 15). The upper stirring blade 13 and the lower stirring blade 14 located in the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body 15 are separately provided, and the sewage can be scattered around. In addition, an inverted conical portion 17 is formed at the upper end.
[0021]
In this case, the stirring blades 13 and 14 may have the same structure or different structures as long as they can generate a water flow, and the structure is not limited to the illustrated one.
[0022]
The stirring blades 13, 14 are divided into an upper stirring blade 13, at least most of which is located on the water surface in the cylindrical body 15, and a lower stirring blade 14 located in water below the lower end of the cylindrical body 15. By arranging them, it is easy to make them have different structures.
[0023]
Specifically, for example, by adopting a spiral-shaped structure for the upper stirring blade 13 at least most of which is located on the water surface in the cylinder 15, the cylinder 15 It is possible to surely suck up the sewage sent into the inside.
As the upper stirring blade 13 having a structure formed in a spiral shape, a structure formed in a spiral shape having a uniform diameter in the axial direction can be employed. In particular, as shown in FIG. By adopting a structure formed in a spiral shape whose diameter is reduced from the upper part to the lower part, the water level can be surely sucked up during the aerobic operation while the sewage fed into the cylinder 15 is sucked up. Even if there is a fluctuation, the anaerobic operation can be reliably prevented from being adversely affected. That is, during the anaerobic operation, even if the water level of the sewage in the cylinder 15 rises and the sewage contacts the upper stirring blade 13, the sewage in the cylinder 15 is mainly due to the small diameter of the upper stirring blade 13 in this portion. By receiving the force in the outer circumferential direction of the cylindrical body 15, fluctuations in the vertical water level of the sewage in the cylindrical body 15 can be suppressed, vibrations and the like are relatively small, and stable anaerobic operation can be performed.
[0024]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (C), the diameter of the lower part of the upper stirring blade 13 formed in a spiral shape whose diameter decreases from the upper part to the lower part is formed to be constant over a predetermined length L in the axial direction. By doing so, in this range, the water level fluctuation of the sewage treatment tank A is absorbed, and the sewage fed into the cylindrical body 15 is reliably transmitted during the aerobic operation without being affected by the water level fluctuation of the sewage treatment tank A. In addition to being able to suck up, it is possible to more reliably prevent the anaerobic driving from being adversely affected.
[0025]
Also, by adopting a structure in which the flow does not spread in the circumferential direction for the lower stirring blades 14 located in the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body 15, even in the case of a sewage treatment tank having a large water depth, the water level is low. The agitating blades 14 located nearby can generate a bottom water flow having a sufficient flow velocity, shorten the length of the aerator 1, and easily lift the aerator 1 above the water surface during maintenance. Can be done.
[0026]
Further, as in the modified embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, at least most of the upper stirring blades 13 are located on the water surface in the cylinder 15 and the lower stirring is located in the water below the lower end of the cylinder 15. Between the blades 14, an intermediate stirring blade 19a or an intermediate stirring blade 19b can be provided.
The structure of the intermediate stirring blades 19a and 19b is not particularly limited, but the structure shown in FIG. 5 is similar to that of the lower stirring blade 14 except that the intermediate stirring blade 19a has a similar shape (small size) to the lower stirring blade 14. 6 is arranged so as to be positioned in the water in the direction, and the one shown in FIG. 6 is such that the intermediate stirring blade 19b formed with a helical rib of a ball screw shape is positioned over the water surface and in the water. We are going to arrange.
Thus, by disposing the intermediate stirring blades 19a and 19b between the upper stirring blade 13 and the lower stirring blade 14, during the aerobic operation, the intermediate stirring blades 19a and 19b allow the sewage to smoothly flow into the cylindrical body 15. A supplementary action can be provided. In addition, since these intermediate stirring blades 19a and 19b are small and have low rotational resistance, adverse effects during anaerobic operation can be suppressed. In particular, the intermediate stirring blade 19b formed with the spiral rib of the ball screw shape shown in FIG. 6 can reduce the maintenance work of the aerator 1 because the hair and the like contained in the sewage are hardly entangled.
[0027]
In the modified embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in addition to forming the inverted conical portion 17 at the upper end of the rotating shaft 12, the cylindrical body 15 is provided so that the sewage can be evenly scattered around. A donut-shaped rectifying block 20 formed in a conical surface with a slightly depressed center in the upper surface is disposed at the upper end of the rectifying block.
[0028]
Next, the operation of the aerator 1 will be described.
First, at the time of starting the aerobic operation, as shown in FIG. 1, by rotating a rotating shaft 12 that is rotationally driven by an electric motor 11 in one direction, lower stirring blades located in water below the lower end of the cylindrical body 15. 14, the sewage is sent into the cylindrical body 15, and further, the sewage sent into the cylindrical body 15 is sucked up by the upper stirring blade 13, at least most of which is located on the water surface in the cylindrical body 15, and thereafter, continuously. The aerobic operation can be performed by aeration by spilling sewage around like a fountain, and contacting air with spilled water droplets and sending air into the water due to sewage falling.
Simultaneously, an upward water flow is generated in the central portion of the sewage treatment tank 1 by the lower stirring blades 14 located in the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body 15, and this circulates through the sewage treatment tank 1. Is generated, and the entire sewage treatment tank A can be stirred.
In the initial stage of the rotation start of the rotating shaft 12, at least most of the upper agitating blades 13, which are at least mostly located on the water surface in the cylindrical body 15, idle in the cylindrical body 15, but the lower part of the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body 15. When the sewage is fed into the cylindrical body 15 by the lower stirring blades 14 located at the position, the sewage fed into the cylindrical body 15 can be sucked up by the stirring blades 13 when the cylindrical body 15 is filled with the sewage. .
[0029]
On the other hand, at the time of anaerobic operation, as shown in FIG. 2, by rotating the rotating shaft 12 rotationally driven by the electric motor 11 in the opposite direction, the lower stirring blade 14 located in the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body 15 causes At the center of the sewage treatment tank 1, a downward water flow is generated, which can generate a circulating water flow in the sewage treatment tank 1 and stir the entire sewage treatment tank A.
At the time of the anaerobic operation, the upper stirring blade 13 at least mostly located on the water surface in the cylindrical body 15 idles in the cylindrical body 15 and does not adversely affect the anaerobic operation.
[0030]
The aerator 1 further has the following advantages.
(1) In general, it is desirable to set the power required per unit water amount in the sewage treatment tank to be larger during aerobic operation than during anaerobic operation.
In the aerator 1, at the time of the anaerobic operation, at least most of the upper stirring blades 13 located on the water surface in the cylindrical body 15 are made to idle, so that the power during the anaerobic operation is the same as that during the aerobic operation. In comparison with the conventional control method, such as reducing the rotation speed only during the anaerobic operation, it is not necessary to perform the control, so that the configuration of the device is simplified.
(2) In this aerator 1, the lower stirring blade 14 located in the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body 15 near the water surface can generate a bottom water flow having a sufficient flow velocity.
In particular, in the aerator 1, at the time of the anaerobic operation, the upper stirring blades 13, at least most of which are located on the water surface in the cylindrical body 15, idle in the cylindrical body 15 and do not adversely affect the anaerobic operation. The energy efficiency is improved, and the bottom water stream having a sufficient flow velocity can be generated with small power.
(3) Normally, in the case of generating a water flow at the bottom by aspirating the sewage of the sewage treatment tank from near the water surface upward by the stirring blades arranged near the water surface during the aerobic operation, the bottom having a sufficient flow velocity Large power is required to generate a water flow.
On the other hand, in the aerator 1, at the time of the aerobic operation, at least a large part of the aerator is divided into a position on the water surface in the cylinder 15 and a position in the water below the lower end of the cylinder 15. The two types of stirring blades 13 and 14 provided can generate a water flow at the bottom of the sewage treatment tank 1 and suck upward the sewage at the bottom. Therefore, a large power is required to generate a bottom water flow having a sufficient flow velocity. Do not need.
Although the power required at this time is larger than that during the anaerobic operation, this power is necessary for aeration that satisfies the required oxygen dissolution rate, and therefore the power is wasted to generate the bottom water flow. Never consume.
(4) During aerobic operation, water with a low oxygen concentration near the bottom of the sewage treatment tank is sucked up and aeration is performed on the water surface, so that the oxygen dissolving efficiency per unit power (oxygen dissolving rate efficiency) can be increased.
[0031]
As described above, the aerator of the present invention has been described based on a plurality of embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the configurations described in the above embodiments, and the configurations described in each embodiment may be appropriately combined. The configuration can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
According to the aerator of the present invention, the cylinder disposed so as to cover the periphery of the rotating shaft is disposed from below the water surface to above the water surface, and the stirring blade is positioned on the water surface in the cylinder, and the lower end of the cylinder. Since it is arranged so as to be divided into the lower water, when the aerobic operation is started, the rotation shaft driven by the electric motor is rotated in one direction, so that the lower part of the lower end of the cylindrical body is rotated. The sewage is sent into the cylinder by the stirring blades arranged in the water, and the sewage fed into the cylinder is sucked up by the stirring blades arranged at a position on the water surface in the cylinder, and thereafter, continuously like a fountain. The aerobic operation by aeration can be performed by causing the sewage to scatter in the surroundings and sending air into the water by the sewage falling. In this case, in the steady state of the aerobic operation, even if a plurality of stirring blades are provided, the aerobic operation can be performed with a power consumption substantially equal to the power consumption when the upper stirring blade is provided. .
On the other hand, during the anaerobic operation, by rotating the rotating shaft in the opposite direction, the stirring blades disposed in the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body can generate a water flow in the sewage to perform stirring.
Thus, the aerobic operation for supplying air into the water and the anaerobic operation for supplying no air into the water can be performed by simply switching the rotation direction of the electric motor without providing an elevating mechanism for elevating and lowering the rotating shaft to which the stirring blade is attached. It is possible to obtain a highly reliable aerator which can be performed efficiently, has a simple structure of the aerator and is easy to maintain and manage.
[0033]
In addition, by forming the upper stirring blade into a spiral shape whose diameter decreases downward from the upper portion, during aerobic operation, sewage fed into the cylinder can be sucked up reliably, and anaerobic operation can be reliably performed. Can be prevented from being adversely affected.
[0034]
In addition, by making the diameter of the lower part of the upper stirring blade formed in a spiral shape whose diameter decreases downward from the upper part to be constant over a predetermined length in the axial direction, the influence of the water level fluctuation of the sewage treatment tank is improved. During aerobic operation, sewage sent into the cylinder can be reliably sucked up without being affected, and the anaerobic operation can be more reliably prevented from being adversely affected.
[0035]
Further, by arranging the intermediate stirring blade between the upper stirring blade and the lower stirring blade, it is possible to perform an auxiliary action of smoothly feeding sewage into the cylinder by the intermediate stirring blade during aerobic operation. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an aerator according to the present invention and showing a state in which aerobic operation is being performed.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the anaerobic operation is performed.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are enlarged views of the aerator; FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the aerator when the cylinder is lowered; FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the aerator when the cylinder is raised; (C) is a front view showing a modification of the rotating shaft, and (D) and (E) are perspective views showing a cover body of the adjusting mechanism.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a modified embodiment of the aerator according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a modified embodiment of the aerator of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a modified embodiment of the aerator of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Sewage treatment tank F Float 1 Aerator 11 Motor 12 Rotary shaft 13 Upper stirring blade 14 Lower stirring blade 15 Tube 16 Drive shaft 17 Inverted conical portion 18 Wires 19a, 19b Intermediate stirring blade 20 Rectification block

Claims (4)

電動機により回転駆動される回転軸に取り付けた攪拌羽根と、前記回転軸の周囲を覆うように配設した筒体とを備えるようにした曝気機において、前記筒体を水面下から水面上方にかけて配設するとともに、前記攪拌羽根を、少なくともその大部分が筒体内の水面上に位置する上部攪拌羽根と、筒体の下端より下方の水中に位置する下部攪拌羽根とに、分断して配設し、好気運転の起動時には、電動機により回転駆動される回転軸を一方向に回転することにより、筒体の下端より下方の水中に位置するように配設した下部攪拌羽根によって、汚水を筒体内に送り込み、少なくともその大部分が筒体内の水面上に位置するように配設した上部攪拌羽根によって、筒体内に送り込まれた汚水を吸い上げ、以後継続的に好気運転を行うとともに、嫌気運転時には、回転軸を逆方向に回転することにより、筒体の下端より下方の水中に配設した下部攪拌羽根によって、汚水中に水流を発生させて攪拌を行うようにして、電動機の回転方向を切り替えるだけで、好気運転と嫌気運転とを行うようにしたことを特徴とする曝気機。In an aerator having a stirring blade attached to a rotating shaft driven by an electric motor and a tubular body disposed to cover the periphery of the rotating shaft, the tubular body is disposed from below the water surface to above the water surface. At the same time, the stirring blade is divided into an upper stirring blade at least most of which is located on the water surface in the cylinder and a lower stirring blade located in water below the lower end of the cylinder. At the start of the aerobic operation, the rotating shaft driven by the electric motor is rotated in one direction, so that the lower stirring blades disposed below the lower end of the cylindrical body to dispose waste water into the cylindrical body. And the upper stirring blades arranged so that at least a large part of the water is located on the water surface in the cylinder sucks up the sewage fed into the cylinder, and continuously performs aerobic operation thereafter. During operation, by rotating the rotating shaft in the opposite direction, the lower stirring blades disposed in the water below the lower end of the cylindrical body generate a water flow in the sewage to perform stirring, and the rotation direction of the electric motor is changed. An aerator characterized by performing aerobic driving and anaerobic driving simply by switching between the two . 上部攪拌羽根を、上部から下方に向けて径が縮小する螺旋形状に形成したことを特徴とする請求項1記載の曝気機。2. The aerator according to claim 1, wherein the upper stirring blade is formed in a spiral shape whose diameter decreases downward from the upper portion. 上部から下方に向けて径が縮小する螺旋形状に形成した上部攪拌羽根の下部の径を、軸方向に所定長さに亘って一定に形成したことを特徴とする請求項2記載の曝気機。The aerator according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the lower part of the upper stirring blade formed in a spiral shape whose diameter decreases from the upper part to the lower part is formed to be constant over a predetermined length in the axial direction. 上部攪拌羽根と下部攪拌羽根の間に中間攪拌羽根を配設したことを特徴とする請求項1、2又は3記載の曝気機。The aerator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein an intermediate stirring blade is provided between the upper stirring blade and the lower stirring blade.
JP2000281105A 2000-09-18 2000-09-18 Aerator Expired - Lifetime JP3542324B2 (en)

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CN103283672B (en) * 2013-06-09 2015-02-04 占行波 Pond purification and oxygen increasing water spraying machine
CN108513945B (en) * 2018-04-11 2021-05-11 中山绿威科技有限公司 Fishery aerator based on volute type centrifugal fan and using method thereof
CN109673574A (en) * 2019-01-17 2019-04-26 浙江无懈电机有限公司 A kind of aeration device and its control method
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