JP3537177B2 - Fabric having a smooth surface and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fabric having a smooth surface and a method for producing the same. In particular, the present invention provides a cloth suitable for clothing in the field of athletic sports in which resistance to water or air poses a problem.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the field of sports for competition, especially in the field of competition for speed, the influence of resistance to the human body due to air or water generated by the clothing worn by the athlete is ignored. Therefore, various improvements from the fabric side to reduce such resistance have been made.

For example, in order to produce a cloth having a low resistance to water flow during swimming swimming, attempts have already been made to laminate a resin film on the cloth or to coat the cloth surface with a resin to form a film. However, the fabric according to such a method not only impairs air permeability and stretchability, but also usually does not allow water to pass through the film, so that water that has entered between the swimsuit and the human body does not easily pass to the outside. It is even feared that wearing a swimsuit may even unintentionally increase the total resistance of the human body to water.

[0004] For the same purpose, there is also known a method of pressing a cloth to be worn with water using a hot calender roll or a hot plate. However, even by such a method, from the measurement results of the fluid resistance of the fabric of the tricot knitted fabric by the present inventors, which will be described later, by hot pressing, it is necessary to obtain a sufficient fluid resistance reducing effect. It is not reached.

[0005] As described above, a cloth that is sufficiently satisfactory as a cloth for sports clothing for sports has not yet been realized.

[0006]

That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a fabric which is excellent in air permeability and elasticity when it is made into clothing, and which is excellent in the effect of reducing air flow resistance and water flow resistance, and a method for producing the same. .

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have made various trial productions of clothing based on the above-mentioned prior art, but have not been able to obtain satisfactory results. . However, the present inventors have repeatedly conducted studies focusing on the surface structure of the fabric and the types and forms of the materials present on the surface, and as a result, have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention is as follows. 1. Table of fibers constituting the fabric on at least one side of the fabric
A metal thin film layer is formed on the surface, the surface of the thin film layer is processed with a resin, and the average deviation of the surface roughness of the fabric surface is 0.3 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less. Smooth fabric. 2. 2. A cloth having a smooth surface, wherein the cloth according to 1 is a cloth for athletic clothing. 3. Table of fibers constituting the fabric on at least one side of the fabric
Surface to form a metallic thin film layer, and a resin processed thin film layer surface, wherein one or two surfaces are provided methods for producing the smooth fabric, wherein the fabric after resin processing heat pressing.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. The material and structure of the fabric in the present invention are not particularly limited, and a desired material and structure may be selected depending on the application.
For example, in the case of producing a cloth for water landing, a knitted fabric, particularly a two-way tricot containing spandex fibers is suitably used. In the present invention, a metallic thin film is formed on both sides or one side of the fabric. Due to the formation of the thin film layer, the thermal efficiency when performing thermal processing, for example, hot pressing, becomes remarkably excellent, and even at a relatively low temperature and low pressure, a high pressing effect that could not be predicted at all from conventional knowledge can be obtained. Become.

[0010] In addition, a fabric can be obtained which does not impair the excellent properties inherent to the fabric during thermal processing and which has remarkably excellent surface smoothness. The reason why such an excellent effect is obtained is not clear, but it is presumed that the metal forming the thin film layer can behave so as to fill the fine irregularities formed by the yarns of the fabric during thermal processing. Is done.

In addition, immediately after the hot pressing, when there is a thin film layer of metal, the quenching effect is large, and a fabric which is remarkably excellent in setting property can be obtained as compared with the case where there is no thin film layer of metal. The metallic thin film layer in the present invention is desirably formed so as to uniformly cover the entire surface of the fibers constituting the fabric and not to impair the air permeability. This is because when the fabric is used as clothing for speed competition, if the breathability is impaired, the feeling of stuffiness is large and the comfort is poor because of the stuffy feeling, and the resistance of the whole garment increases because the water and air that have entered once are difficult to escape. is there. As a method of providing a metal thin film layer without impairing air permeability, a method such as a method of sputtering a metal on a cloth, a method of depositing a metal, and a method of electroplating or ion plating are suitably used.
In particular, the method of providing a metal thin film layer by sputtering is to make the metal thin film extremely thin over the entire surface of the fiber constituting the fabric,
This is the most desirable method because it can be formed uniformly and is excellent in terms of the durability of adhesion to fibers.

In the present invention, the kind of metal for forming the thin film layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a normal metal having a higher thermal conductivity than fibers such as stainless steel, aluminum, gold and silver. Stainless steel is most preferably used in terms of properties. The thickness of the metallic thin film layer is 50 mm
To 1000 ° is desirable. More preferably, it is between 100 ° and 500 °.

Further, the fabric of the present invention requires that the surface of the metallic thin film layer be processed with resin. Considering the resistance to water, when only the metal thin film layer is on the surface of the fabric, the average deviation of the surface roughness is 0.3 μm by pressing.
Even when the thickness is set to 1.5 μm or less, the effect of reducing the fluid resistance value is not so large. This is based on the results confirmed by the present inventors by conducting experiments described below. The reason for such a result is not clear, but when the friction coefficient is measured with a surface tester (KES-FB4 manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.), when only the metallic thin film layer is present on the surface of the cloth, the frictional resistance is large. This is considered to be one of the reasons why the effect of reducing the fluid resistance cannot be increased.

That is, in the fabric of the present invention, the metallic thin film layer is processed with a resin, and the resin is adhered to the thin film layer. Therefore, the friction coefficient of the fabric surface can be reduced, and the resistance of the fabric to water can be significantly reduced. It seems to be. The resin processing agent used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a processing agent capable of adhering on the metallic thin film layer, but in order to reduce the frictional resistance of the fabric, the metallic thin film layer of the fabric is used. It is desirable that the processing agent is uniformly adhered to the entire surface, and the amount of the processing agent must be 0.2 wt% or more with respect to the base cloth at the solid concentration of the processing agent. Preferably, it is advisable to deposit 1.0 wt% or more. By increasing the amount of adhesion, voids and irregularities between fibers can be filled, and the effect of smoothing is further increased.

However, if the amount of adhesion is 3% or more, the feeling becomes hard, which is not preferable for clothing. As the resin processing method, an ordinary method, for example, a dip nip method or the like is suitably used. Further, in the case of a cloth for water landing, a water-repellent agent such as a fluorine-based or silicon-based agent can be particularly preferably used as the resin-processing agent. When such a water-repellent cloth is used as a swimsuit, the swimsuit has a small amount of water, that is, the swimsuit has a small weight change. Furthermore, by using these water repellent agents in combination with a melamine-based, blocked isocyanate-based, imine-based, or acrylic-based binder, it is possible to obtain a fabric in which the processing agent is not easily removed. The effect of increasing the durability of the fabric against water is particularly excellent with the fluorine-based water repellent. Further, when a modified cross-section yarn, for example, an L-shaped cross-section yarn is used as a fiber constituting the fabric, the infusion capacity due to the capillary action of the yarn is large, and the processing agent easily enters the inside of the L-shape. Can be attached evenly,
It is more preferably used because the falling off of the processing agent can be significantly reduced.

The fabric of the present invention has an average deviation of the surface roughness of 0.1.
It is necessary to be 3 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less. The measurement of the average deviation of the surface roughness here uses a surface tester (KES-FB4 manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.) and has a size of 20 cm × 20.
A contact made of a 0.5 mm diameter piano wire was pressed with a 5 mm width and 5 gf on a sample placed on a 30 cmf / cm uniaxial tension and placed on a smooth metal plane having a diameter of 5 cm, and the sample was crushed by 0.1 g.
It is performed by moving horizontally 2 cm at a constant speed of cm / sec. The average deviation (SMD) of the surface roughness is expressed by Equation 1 when T is the thickness of the sample at the position x (the thickness measured by the contact yarn) and x is the moving distance.

[0017]

(Equation 1)

The average deviation of the surface roughness is measured by vertical (measurement when the sample is moved in the vertical direction of the cloth) and horizontal (measurement when the sample is moved in the horizontal direction of the cloth). When it is located in the flow of water or air, the average deviation of the surface roughness in the direction of the cloth which is the same as the direction of the flow of the fluid may be 0.3 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less. In order to achieve this surface roughness, it is preferable to provide a metal thin film layer according to the present invention on a cloth, perform resin processing, and perform hot pressing. The hot press process can be performed according to the usual method,
For example, a method of pressing with a hot calender roll, a method of pressing with a flat plate type hot press, and the like can be used.
Press temperature varies from 160 ° C to 2 depending on the fiber material.
Processing can be performed at 00 ° C. For example, when a 2-weight tricot in which polyester yarn and spandex yarn are knitted and pressed by a calender roll, the pressing temperature is 1
By processing at 80 ° C. and a linear pressure of about 25 kg / cm, the surface roughness required in the present invention can be achieved. If the average deviation of the surface roughness exceeds 1.5 μm, the surface cannot be said to be sufficiently smooth, which is not good considering resistance to air and water. Further, when processed by the method of the present invention so that the average deviation of the surface roughness is less than 0.3 μm, the fluid resistance of the fabric is reduced, but the resistance to drainage increases, and the breathability which is important as clothing is increased. Is unfavorably affected.

In the present invention, the metal thin film layer is formed by sputtering, and a fluorine-based water-repellent agent is applied as a resin agent together with a binder. It is particularly preferable to perform hot pressing because a fabric surface having the smoothest surface and a low fluid resistance to water or air can be obtained. Such a cloth has a small water content, and the processing agent is less likely to fall into the water, so that when used for water wear, it becomes a swimsuit that is easy to swim and has extremely low resistance.

Since the fabric obtained by the present invention is very smooth and has low resistance to water and air, it is suitably used not only for swimwear but also for ski wear, especially ski jumping wear, but is limited to these uses only. It is clear that it is not a thing.

[0021]

The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples.

[0022]

Example 1 80% polyester, 20 spandex
% 36GG two-way tricot fabric was used as the fabric. A thin film layer of stainless steel 310 was formed on the surface of the cloth by a plasma sputtering method. The thickness of the thin film layer was about 200-300 °. Next, the surface of the thin film layer of the obtained fabric was subjected to water repellency by a dip nip method so that the adhesion amount of the fluorine-based water repellent was 1.5 wt% and the adhesion amount of the blocked isocyanate binder was 0.3 wt%. Further, the tricot knitted fabric thus obtained was
Pressing was performed at a linear pressure of 15 kg / cm with a calender roll maintained at 5 ° C. to obtain a fabric having a smooth surface. A surface tester (KES-FB manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.)
The results measured using 4) are shown in Table 1 as vertical / horizontal. The fluid resistance when this cloth was used as a swimsuit was measured by the following method.

That is, an acrylic circular pipe having a diameter of 3 cm, a length of 1.5 m, and a branch pipe provided at a height of 30 cm at an upper position of 30 cm is installed at an angle of 15 degrees as an inclined flow path, and the flow rate is 70 liter / min from the water supply. Pour water into the aluminum circular tube 1.6cm in diameter and 16cm in length (apparent specific gravity 0.68g)
/ Cm) when a hemispherical silicone rubber cap is attached to both ends, and a sample cloth is wrapped around a fixture having 150 denier and a 120 cm long polyester monofilament thread attached to one end, and positioned in an acrylic circular tube. The tension applied to this sample was measured. As a tension measuring device, a push-pull gauge manufactured by Aiko was attached to the polyester monofilament yarn, and the sample was cut into a 4.5 cm x 14.5 cm fabric, sewed in a tubular shape, covered with a fixture, and wrapped with adhesive tape on both ends. Fixed. The tension measured by this method is shown in Table 1 as a fluid resistance. The value of the fluid resistance in Table 1 was a value obtained by subtracting 65 g, which is the tension at the time of blank when measured without attaching a cloth, and was expressed as length / width. Here, the vertical indicates the case where the vertical direction of the fabric is parallel to the flow direction of water, and the horizontal indicates the case where the horizontal direction of the fabric is parallel to the flow direction of water.

In addition, when worn as a swimsuit, the resistance to water drainage (water drainage) due to pooling of water between the swimsuit and the human body was measured. As the measuring method, the same device as the measuring method of the flowing water resistance was used. One end of the sample used for the flowing water resistance was sewed in a bag shape with a sewing machine, then sealed with an adhesive, and aluminum having a diameter of 1.6 cm and a length of 3 cm was used. Cover this sample on a circular tube and fix it with adhesive tape. Drill three holes at equal intervals on the other end of the circular aluminum tube, and attach a 150-denier, 100-cm long polyester monofilament yarn without bias. The tension generated by flowing water in such a state was measured by the same method as that for measuring flowing water resistance.

The air permeability is determined according to JIS-L-1096 (A
Method) Measured with a Frazier tester and the results are shown in Table 1. Further, the elasticity was measured using a constant-speed extension-type tensile tester equipped with a self-recording device. Sample is 2.5cm width x 16c
m length, gripping interval 10cm, pulling speed 30cm / m
The elongation rate (%) at 1.5 kgf load was determined in.
The measurement was performed only in the longitudinal direction, and the results are also shown in Table 1.

The feeling was evaluated by touch as follows. That is, ○: good, Δ: slightly hard, ×: hard. According to Table 1, the fabric according to the present invention is a fabric having very small surface roughness and fluid resistance, and has water bleedability, air permeability,
It is clear that the fabric is excellent in feel and is particularly satisfactory as a garment for competition.

[0027]

Example 2 A tricot knitted fabric similar to that in Example 1 was subjected to aluminum deposition processing, and processed by a dip nip method so that the amount of a water-absorbing agent applied was 0.2 wt%. The film thickness was about 300-400 °. The tricot was further pressed with a flat plate kept at 180 ° C. to obtain a fabric having a smooth surface. Table 1 shows the results obtained by measuring this cloth in the same manner as in Example 1. The fabric made in Example 2 was also a fabric having a small surface roughness and low running water resistance.

[0028]

Example 3 The same processing and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed except that the hot pressing condition was 165 ° C. Table 1 shows the results.

[0029]

Comparative Example 1 The tricot knitted fabric of Example 1 was not subjected to sputtering and resin processing, but was subjected only to hot pressing in the same manner, and was evaluated similarly. Table 1 shows the results.

[0030]

Comparative Example 2 The tricot knitted fabric of Example 1 was not subjected to resin processing, but was subjected to only sputtering and hot pressing in the same manner, and was evaluated similarly. Table 1 shows the results.

[0031]

Comparative Example 3 The tricot knitted fabric of Example 1 was not subjected to the sputtering process, but was subjected only to resin processing and hot press processing in the same manner, and was evaluated similarly. Table 1 shows the results.

[0032]

Comparative Example 4 The tricot knitted fabric of Example 1 was not subjected to hot pressing, but was subjected only to sputtering and resin processing in the same manner, and was evaluated similarly. Table 1 shows the results.

[0033]

Comparative Example 5 The same evaluation was performed on the tricot knitted fabric of Example 1 without performing any of the sputtering process, the resin process, and the hot press process. Table 1 shows the results.

[0034]

Comparative Example 6 Processing and evaluation were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the hot pressing conditions in Example 1 were changed to 140 ° C. Table 1 shows the results.

[0035]

Comparative Example 7 Processing and evaluation were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the hot pressing conditions in Example 2 were changed to 210 ° C. Table 1 shows the results.

[0036]

Comparative Example 8 A 20 μm polyurethane adhesive was laminated on the tricot knitted fabric of Example 1, a 10 μm polyurethane film was further placed thereon, and lamination was performed at 100 ° C. at a pressure of 4 kg gauge. Table 1 shows the results of the same evaluation as in Example 1.

[0037]

[Table 1]

[0038]

As described in detail above, the fabric of the present invention is excellent in air permeability and elasticity when formed into clothing, and is particularly excellent in the effect of reducing air flow resistance and water flow resistance.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A41D 13/00 A41D 31/02 B32B 15/14 D06M 11/00-15/72 D03D 1/00-27 / 18

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fabric constituting at least one side of a fabric.
A metal thin film layer is formed on the surface of the fiber , the thin film layer surface is resin-processed, and the average deviation of the surface roughness of the cloth surface is 0.3 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less. Fabric with a smooth surface. 2. A cloth having a smooth surface, wherein the cloth according to claim 1 is a cloth for athletic clothing. 3. A fabric constituting at least one surface of the fabric.
3. A fabric having a smooth surface according to claim 1 , wherein a metallic thin film layer is formed on the surface of the fiber , the thin film layer surface is processed with a resin, and the resin-processed fabric is hot-pressed. Method.