JP3517792B2 - Universal joint of mountain retaining material - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a universal joint capable of freely changing the fixing direction of mountain retaining members such as oblique beams.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is a reverse construction method as one of the methods for constructing an underground structure, but the fixing direction of the oblique beam used in this method is not orthogonal to the abdomen. In this way, when the mountain retaining material is not orthogonal to other structural members, each time,
It is necessary to specially manufacture a joint metal fitting that matches the angle of the oblique beam or to have a universal joint that can change the fixing direction freely. As such a universal joint, there is one disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 52324/1993, which is a male member having a partially spherical pivot fixed to one end and a partially spherical seat for fitting with a part of the pivot. It is a universal joint consisting of a female member provided with.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional universal joint, since the male member pivot is formed in a spherical shape, it cannot be used in an as-cast condition because it is difficult to manufacture a casting mold. It is necessary to machine after casting. Similarly, since the seat of the female member is also formed in a spherical shape, it is necessary to perform machining after casting. As a result, the conventional universal joint described above is difficult to manufacture and inevitably becomes expensive. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a universal joint for mountain retaining material that is easy to manufacture.

[0004]

Generally, a method of connecting a slant beam through a universal joint is one in which one end of the slant beam is connected to a structural member through a universal joint and the other end of the slant beam is connected to a jack and another universal body. It is connected to another structural member via a joint and is used by pressing both structural members with a jack in a direction in which they are separated from each other. Both universal joints need to be able to arbitrarily allow the rotation angle in the horizontal plane and the elevation angle in the vertical plane, but this is insufficient. That is, if the one end side of the slanted beam is only rotatably and vertically lifted, the rotation angle around the axis of the slanted beam itself is fixed, so that the other end side may become unconnectable. Therefore, either one of the universal joints must be able to arbitrarily allow the rotation angle of the oblique beam itself, in other words, the required degree of freedom to be given to the oblique beam is five conveniences. However, since the jack is inevitably intervened in the slanted beam and the jack is generally formed so as to be rotatable around its axis, the jack can be in charge of the degree of freedom necessary for the slanted beam itself to rotate. . Therefore, any universal joint needs only to be able to arbitrarily allow only the rotation angle in the horizontal plane and the elevation angle in the vertical plane.

However, the conventional universal joint arbitrarily allows the rotation angle in the horizontal plane, the elevation angle in the vertical plane, and the rotation angle around the axis of the oblique beam itself. It is clear that if this universal joint is used only on one end side of the oblique beam, its function cannot be fulfilled, that is, it is attached to both ends of the oblique beam, and inevitably a jack is interposed, so that the conventional technique is eventually used. There are seven degrees of freedom given to the oblique beams. That is, although the jack has already taken charge of the rotation angle of the slant beam, the same degree of freedom is given to the slant beam at both ends of the slant beam, and the degree of freedom that exceeds the required degree of freedom is given to the slant beam. Therefore, the structure is difficult to manufacture.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, that is, at the same or different points on the z-axis extending in the left-right direction, the x-axis and the y-axis are orthogonal to the z-axis and are orthogonal to each other. And a joint metal having a right side portion of a disk having the x axis as its axis on the right side and a left side portion of the disk having the y axis as its axis on the left side, and a part of the right side partial disk In a universal joint of a mountain retaining material having a right side receiving metal object provided with a concave groove and a left side receiving metal object having a concave groove into which a part of the left side partial disk fits, at least one surface of both surfaces of the right side partial disk The right side bolt was screwed into the right side receiving metal fitting so that the tip would come into contact, and the left side bolt was screwed into the left side receiving metal fitting so that the tip would make contact with at least one of both surfaces of the left partial disc. Material Uni It is over the monkey joint.

[0007]

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, one end of the mountain retaining member is connected to the structural member via this universal joint, and the other end is connected to another structural member via the jack and this universal joint. As a result, no matter how the two structural members are arranged, the jack can press the two structural members in the direction in which they are separated from each other. At this time, since this universal joint is formed by a simple partial disk-shaped outer surface and a simple partial disk-shaped inner surface, it can be used in an as-cast state without machining.

[0008]

The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The drawing shows an embodiment of the present invention, and this universal joint has a joint metal 1 and a right side metal receiver 4 as shown in FIG.
And a left-side bracket 5. First, the joint metal piece 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. In brief, the joint metal piece 1 has a shape in which a coin is cut in half and one half of the coin is twisted by 90 °. That is, the joint hardware 1 is composed of a right-side partial disc 2 and a left-side partial disc 3, and the right-side partial disc 2 is formed in a partial disc shape exceeding 180 ° about the x-axis in the drawing, and similarly, the left-side partial disc 3 is formed. Is formed in a partial disk shape with an axis of the y axis in the drawing and over 180 °. On the other hand, the left outer peripheral surface 2b of the right partial disk 2 is formed in a shape with the y axis as an axis, and similarly, the right outer peripheral surface 3b of the left partial disk 3 is formed.
Is formed in a shape with the x-axis as the axis center.

That is, the x-axis serves as the axis of the right outer peripheral surface 2a of the right partial disc, and therefore the right partial disc 2
Is configured to be slidable and rotatable within the right-side bracket 4 by a predetermined angle. It should be noted that the right outer peripheral surface 2a is formed as a cylindrical surface with the x-axis as an axis as shown in FIG. 3 in the present embodiment, but it is not necessarily required to be formed into a cylindrical surface. Any shape may be used as long as the axis is the axis.
Therefore, for example, the central portion in the thickness direction can be formed to have a larger diameter, and the peripheral portion in the thickness direction can be formed to have a smaller diameter, that is, a bead shape of a pancake or an abacus. Also x
The shaft also serves as the axis of the right outer peripheral surface 3b of the left partial disc, and therefore, when the right partial disc 2 rotates within the right receiver 4 by a certain angle, the right outer peripheral surface 3b of the left partial disc and the right receiver 3b. 4, a constant gap is always maintained so that they do not interfere with each other. Similarly, the y-axis serves as the axis of the left outer peripheral surface 3a of the left partial disc, and thus the left partial disc 3 is configured to be slidable and rotatable within the left receiving bracket 5 by a certain angle. The y-axis also serves as the axis of the left outer peripheral surface 2b of the right partial disc, and therefore when the left partial disc 3 rotates within the left support 5 by a certain angle, the left outer peripheral surface 2b of the right partial disc and the left outer peripheral surface 2b. A constant gap is always maintained between the receiving object 5 and the receiving object 5 so that they do not interfere with each other.

Both the x-axis and the y-axis are orthogonal to the z-axis extending in the left-right direction, and the x-axis and the y-axis are 90 degrees apart from each other.
I have a degree. That is, the x axis intersects the z axis and the y axis intersects the z axis, but the x axis and the y axis do not necessarily intersect. However, in this embodiment, 3 of x, y and z
The axes are orthogonal to each other at the point O. Note that there is no particular problem even if the x-axis and the y-axis do not intersect, and in that case,
The x axis can be arranged on the right side or the left side of the y axis. However, when the x-axis is arranged on the left side of the y-axis, it is easy to interfere with the receiving members 4 and 5, so that the rotation angle in the receiving members 4 and 5 decreases. On the other hand, the angle formed by the x-axis and the y-axis need not be 90 ° in principle unless it is 0 °, that is, they are not parallel, but a right angle is clearly superior in all respects.

Outer peripheral surfaces 2a, 2 of the left and right partial disks 2, 3
Although b; 3a, 3b are formed as described above, concave portions 2c, 2c; 3c, 3c are formed in the radial middle portion on both surfaces of the left and right partial disks, that is, the upper and lower surfaces. As is apparent from the plan view shown in FIG. 2, the joint metal fitting 1 of this embodiment is vertically symmetrical in the figure, that is, mirror-symmetrical with respect to the xz plane including the x-axis and the z-axis. As is clear from the front view shown in FIG. 3, the mirror image is formed symmetrically in the figure, that is, mirror-symmetrical about the yz plane including the y-axis and the z-axis. However, this does not necessarily mean that the right side partial disc 2 and the left side partial disc 3 are the same, that is, the radius and the wall thickness may be different between the two. However, the joint hardware 1 of the present embodiment is, as is clear by comparing FIGS. 2 and 3,
The plan view and the front view are formed symmetrically, that is, when the z-axis is rotated by 90 ° about an xy plane, an xy plane including the x-axis and the y-axis (generally, the x-axis and the y-axis do not intersect with each other) In such a case, it is formed so as to be mirror-symmetric with respect to the original shape with respect to a plane that passes through the midpoint between the intersections of the x-axis and the z-axis and the intersections of the y-axis and the z-axis and is orthogonal to the z-axis). There is. Therefore, either the right-side partial disk 2 or the left-side partial disk 3 can actually be used either on the right side or on the left side.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the right side receiving metal member 4 has a rectangular protrusion 4b protruding from the base 4a. A partial cylindrical surface-shaped groove 4c into which about half of the partial disk 2 is fitted is provided. Naturally, the concave groove 4c of this partial cylindrical surface shape
The axial center of is in the x-axis, and when the right side partial disc 2 is formed into a shape such as a pancake or an abacus bead, the concave groove 4c should be formed in a shape corresponding to this. Further, in the protrusion 4b of this embodiment, the side parallel to the axis of the concave groove 4c having the partially cylindrical surface is formed on the short side, and the side orthogonal to the coaxial core is formed on the long side. The central portions of the two long sides are also formed into concave surfaces 4d, 4d having a partially cylindrical surface shape with the x-axis as the axis, and as described above,
Interference with the right outer peripheral surface 3b of the left partial disk of the joint hardware is avoided. Further, the base 4a is provided with a bolt hole 4e for connecting the right-side bracket 4 to a structural member, and the protrusion 4b is reinforced by a rib 4f.

Under the concave surfaces 4d, 4d on both long sides of the protrusion 4b, bolts 6, 6 are screwed and penetrated, and the tips of both bolts 6, 6 are on the right side part disk 2 of the joint hardware. Abutting on the upper and lower concave portions 2c, 2c. This bolt 6,6
Has two effects. First, the angle formed by the joint metal fitting 1 and the right-hand side metal fitting 4 is determined in advance, and is used to fix both the metal fittings 1 and 4 in that state to reduce the on-site work. Secondly, since the tips of both bolts 6 and 6 are fitted in the recesses 2c, 2c of the right side partial disk 2 of the joint metal fitting, the angle formed by the joint metal fitting 1 and the right side receiving metal fitting 4 is limited even during field work. Even if it changes, the joint hardware 1 and the right-side receiving hardware 4 are prevented from separating and falling off. Also, four metal fittings 7 are fixed on both sides of the concave surfaces 4d, 4d of both long sides, and the tips of the metal fittings 7 are also in the upper and lower recesses 2c, 2c of the right side partial disk 2 of the joint metal. I want The fastener 7 further reliably prevents the joint hardware 1 and the right-side receiving hardware 4 from being separated / dropped off during field work. At the time when the joint hardware 1 and the right-side receiving hardware 4 are pressed by the jack, no matter how firmly the tips of the bolts 6 and 6 contact the both sides of the right-side partial disk 2, both hardware 1 and 4 are originally Rotate to an angle that fits in, and separate both hardware 1 and 4.
There is no risk of falling out.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the left side receiving member 5 is formed substantially the same as the right side receiving member 4, that is, a rectangular projection 5b is provided on the base 5a. The protrusion 5b is provided with a concave groove 5c in the shape of a partially cylindrical surface into which about half of the left partial disk 3 of the joint metal fitting is fitted, and the center of both long sides of the protrusion 5b is a partial cylinder. The flat concave surfaces 5d, 5d are formed, the base 4a is provided with a bolt hole 5e for connecting to a structural member, and the protrusion 5b is reinforced by a rib 5f. Also the protrusion 5
Bolts 6 and 6 are screwed under the concave surfaces 5d on both long sides of b, and the tips of the bolts 6 are located in the upper and lower concave portions 3c and 3c of the left partial disk 3 of the joint metal. The four metal fittings 7 are fixed on both sides of the concave surfaces 4d, 4d on both long sides, and the tips of the metal fittings 7 are at the upper and lower concave portions 3c of the left partial disk 3 of the joint metal. I'm hoping for 3c. However, unlike the right-side receiving member 4, the left-side receiving member 5 of this embodiment has a base 5a that is formed long on the short side of the protrusion 5b, so that the bolt hole 5e for connecting to the structural member is also ribbed. A larger number of 5f are also provided.
That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the right side receiving member 4 is connected to the end surface of the diagonal member 8, and the left side receiving member 5 is connected to the side surface of the waving member 9, as shown in FIG. When the right side receiving object 4 rotates, the left side receiving object base 5
A force acts in the direction of the long side of a and is formed as described above to receive this.

This embodiment is formed as described above,
For example, as shown in FIG. 7, when the right side receiving member 4 is connected to the end face of the diagonal member 8 and the left side receiving member 5 is raised and connected to the side face of 9, the diagonal member 8 rotates in the horizontal plane or in the vertical plane. Even if the user leans down, the diagonal member 8 and the uprising member 9 are connected through the universal joint without any hindrance. At this time, since neither the joint metal piece 1, the right side metal reception piece 4 or the left side metal reception piece 5 that constitutes the present universal joint has a spherical portion, they can be easily manufactured. Further, in this embodiment,
Bolts 6 on the upper and lower surfaces of both disks 2 and 3 of the joint hardware
Since the tip ends of the two are in contact with each other, the angle between the joint metal 1 and the receiving metal members 4 and 5 is determined in advance, and the bolts 6 are fixed in this state to reduce the on-site action. Further, in the present embodiment, the tip of the bolt 6 has concave portions 2c and 3c on the upper and lower surfaces of both partial disks 2 and 3 of the joint hardware.
And the tip of the fastener 7 is also in the recess 2c,
Since it is fitted in 3c, the joint hardware 1 and both receiving hardware 4 and 5 can be reliably prevented from being separated or dropped during field work. In the present embodiment, the case where the left and right receiving members 4 and 5 are slightly different has been shown, but the same receiving members can be used as the receiving members depending on the use part of the universal joint. Further, in this embodiment, the joint metal piece 1 side is formed into two partial discs 2 and 3, and both receiving metal pieces 4 and 5 are formed.
Although the concave grooves 4c and 5c are formed in the above, conversely, both receiving metal parts may be formed in a partial disk shape, and concave grooves may be provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the joint metal object in respective orthogonal directions.

[0016]

As described above, according to the present invention, a necessary and sufficient rotational degree of freedom is given to the mountain retaining material, and an unnecessary degree of freedom is not imparted to the mountain retaining material. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a universal joint for mountain retaining material that can be easily manufactured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional plan view showing a joint hardware.

[Figure 3] Similarly, a front view

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a right side receiving metal object.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a left-hand side receiving hardware.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a rotated state.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing one mode of use.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Joint hardware 2 ... Right side disk 2
a ... right outer peripheral surface 2b ... left outer peripheral surface 2c ... concave portion 3
... Left side partial disk 3a ... Left side outer peripheral surface 3b ... Right side outer peripheral surface 3
c ... recessed part 4 ... right side receiving hardware 5 ... right side receiving hardware 4
a, 5a ... Bases 4b, 5b ... Projections 4c, 5c ... Recessed grooves 4
d, 5d ... concave surface 4e, 5e ... bolt hole 4f, 5f ... rib 6
… Bolts 7… Fasteners 8… Oblique materials 9
… Provoked x, y, z… x axis, y axis, z axis O
… Intersection

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-7-109734 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 17/04 E02D 17/08

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An x-axis and a y-axis are provided so as to be orthogonal to the z-axis and to form an angle of 90 ° with each other at the same or different points on the z-axis extending in the left-right direction, and the x-axis serves as an axis center. A joint hardware having a right side portion of the disk on the right side and a left side portion of the disk with the y-axis as an axis on the left side, and a right side receiving metal piece provided with a concave groove into which a part of the right side partial disk fits. If, Oite the universal joint of YamaTome material portion of the left portion disc has a left receiving fittings provided with grooves for fitting, small of the both surfaces of the right portion disc
Make sure that the tip is in contact with one side even if you do not have the right side bracket.
Screw the right side bolt into the object, and
The left side so that the tip contacts at least one side of
The universal of mountain retaining material with the left-hand bolt screwed into the partial bracket
-Sal joint. 2. A radius of the at least one surface of the right partial disc
A recess is formed in the intermediate portion in the direction, and the right bolt is inserted in the recess.
Contact the tip, and
A recess is formed in the middle portion in the radial direction, and the left side
The universal material of claim 1, wherein the tips of the toes are in contact with each other.
-Sal joint. 3. At least one of both sides of the right side partial disc
Also, a recess is formed in the radial middle part of one side,
Fasten the metal fittings to the upper surfaces of both sides of the groove in a detachable manner.
So that the tip of the fastener is desired in the recess and the left side
Radial middle part of at least one of both sides of the disc
A concave part on the upper surface of both sides of the concave groove of the left bracket
Removably fix the fastener, and attach the tip of the fastener to the front.
The union of mountain retaining material according to claim 1 or 2, which is desired in the concave portion.
Versal joint.