JP3517049B2 - Earth working machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tilling operation, for example, in which a cultivating rotary work machine is mounted on a rear portion of a traveling vehicle or a tractor is pulled by a plow or the like. Related to earth working machine. [0002] Conventionally, when the vehicle body is suddenly started with the tilling rotary work machine, puller or the like being lowered and touching the ground, the vehicle runs with the front wheels floating, and if this state continues for a long time, the vehicle body or Steering becomes extremely unstable. Such a problem applies not only to agricultural working machines but also to construction machines such as loaders. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention relates to an earthworking machine equipped with various earthworking devices at the rear of a traveling vehicle, a front wheel load sensor for detecting a front wheel support load, and an engine rotation. Control means for controlling the rotation of the engine at a low speed when the front wheel support load is detected to be less than a certain level, for example, by effectively utilizing the electronic governor conventionally used for load control of the engine, so that the front wheel can be lifted. When the supporting load of the front wheels that goes up is below a certain level, the speed of the engine is reduced by the electronic governor to reduce the traction resistance of this work machine, preventing the body from going up. The front-to-back balance and steering are maintained stably. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a control circuit diagram, FIG. 2 is a side view of an earth working machine equipped with a tilling rotary working machine at a rear part of a traveling vehicle, FIG. 3 is a plan view, and (1) is a front and rear wheel (2) ( A tractor, which is a traveling vehicle having 3), is provided with a steering wheel (6) in front of a driver seat (5) in a driving cabin (4), and the front wheel (2) is turned by operating the handle (6). It is configured to steer the vehicle body. As shown in FIG. 4, a tractor (1) is provided with a side drive type tilling rotary working machine (8), which is an earth working device, via a three-point link mechanism (7) so as to be vertically movable. A gearbox (9) is arranged at the center, and an input shaft (10) is connected to a PTO shaft of the tractor (1) via a drive shaft with a universal joint to input a tillage driving force to the gearbox (9). . A beam (11) as a main frame projects from both sides of the gear box (9),
A support plate (12) is fixedly mounted in the middle of each of the beams (11), and a pin (14) for pivotally connecting a lower link (13) of a three-point link mechanism (7) is provided at a front end of the support plate (12). ), And a depth frame (1
The front end of 5) is pivotally supported, and the rear end of the top link (17) of the three-point link mechanism (7) is connected to the front end of the mast (16) above the gear box (9). Further, an upper part of a chain case (18) is fixed to the left outer end of the beam (11), and a tilling claw shaft (19) is laid across the lower part of the chain case (18). 19) A large number of tilling claws (20) consisting of ratchet claws are radially implanted on the side, and the tilling claws (20) are formed.
Is covered by a rotary cover (21), and both sides are covered by side covers (22).
The tilling claw shaft (19) is a gear in the gear box (9), a transmission shaft in the beam (11), and a chain case (1).
8) It is driven through the sprocket and the chain inside, and the tilling is performed by rotating the tilling claws (20). Further, a first plate (23) is fixedly provided in front of both left and right ends of the beam (11), and a bolt (24) and a second plate (2) are provided at the front end of the plate (23).
5) A pipe-made support rod (25) is laid horizontally via the pipe, and a rotary shaft (27) is rotatably inserted into the pipe-made support rod (26) to form a double shaft structure. The cutting blade (30) made of spring steel is detachably fixed to the left and right fixed mounting plates (28) sandwiching the second plate (25) of the rotating shaft (27) via bolts (29). And the cutting blade (3
The tip edge portion of 0) protrudes into the soil. An electric lifting cylinder (electric motor) (31) for raising and lowering the cutting blade is interposed between the second plate (25) and the fixed mounting plate (28), and a fixing bracket for the second plate (25) is provided. (32) to the electric cylinder (3) via the pivot (33).
1), and the distal end of the rod (34) of the electric cylinder (31) is fixed to the fixed mounting plate (2) via the pivot (35).
8), the cutting blade (30) is swung up and down about the rotation axis (27) by the expansion and contraction operation of the lifting / lowering cylinder (31), and the penetration depth of the cutting blade (30) is appropriately changed. It is configured to be. The cutting blade (30) has a substantially straight portion (3
0a), the lower side is formed into a curved portion (30b), and the lower portion is inclined forward and backward, and the curved portion (30b) is viewed from the side in the front portion of the rotation locus (A) of the tilling nail (20). The cutting blade (30) is made to overlap with the soil entry point of the cutting blade (30) so as to substantially coincide with the soil entry point, and the tilling nail (20)
When the soil is cut, the cutting blade (30) cuts the soil, the cut soil is easily tilled by the tilling claws (20), and the load in the tilling operation is reduced. ing. The cutting blade (30)
Under hard soil conditions where the tilling rotary (36) rises to a dashed state, the length of the cutting blade (30) penetrating into the soil is largely adjusted to prevent the rotary (36) from rising, while the field scene is increased. When the tilling load changes due to a change in the tractor attitude and the engine load increases, the rush length is adjusted to a small value to stably maintain the engine load. Further, the tilling claw (20) is configured to have a resilient structure in which the tip portion is alternately bent to the right or left by a predetermined width (about 80 mm) in order to turn over the soil after being cut, and has a 180 ° facing position. Four holders (37) attached to the same cross section of the claw shaft (19) so that the bending direction of the tilling claw (20) is the same in the right or left direction (per claw shaft (19) per rotation) (Two in the same direction). The turning radius (a) of the tilling claw (20) is approximately 245 mm, and the base interval (T) between the opposing tilling claws (20) and (20) in opposing relation is set to 5 with a large gap. The interval (t), which is the gap between the nail trajectories (L), is approximately 1 (T: t ： 5: 1) (T ≒ 200
mm, t ≒ 40 mm), and the base interval (T)
In order to reduce the required power by reducing the number of tilling claws (20) to be installed and to reduce the required number of tilling claws (20), the remaining power during tilling with the same power is turned to speed, and high-speed (about twice as much as conventional) tilling is performed. It is configured to make it possible. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the engine (38)
An electronic governor (40) for detecting a fuel injection amount from a rack position includes a fuel injection solenoid (41) which is a rack solenoid for adjusting a fuel injection amount of a fuel injection pump (39) by an electronic governor (40). A rack position sensor (42), a pickup type rotation sensor (43) for detecting the number of rotations of the engine (38), and a potentiometer type for detecting the operation amount of an accelerator lever (44) or a pedal (45) operated by an operator. An accelerator sensor (46), a front wheel load sensor (47) that detects a support load of the front wheel based on a distortion amount of a support spring (not shown) that receives a load of the front wheel (2), and a floating reference value of the support load. A front wheel load setting device (48) for setting, and each of the sensors (42) (43) (46) (47) and the load setting device (4).
8) to the governor controller (49), which is the engine rotation control means of the electronic governor (40), and connect the controller (4) to the fuel injection solenoid (41).
9) is connected to the output to control the rotation of the engine (38). A load factor setting device (50) for setting a reference value of a load factor of the engine (38) obtained from the electronic governor controller (49), and an electromagnetic lifting / lowering cylinder of a hydraulic lifting cylinder for lifting / lowering the work machine (8). A valve (51) and a manual lifting switch (52) for raising and lowering the work machine (8)
And an alarm device (53) for notifying an ascent / descent abnormality,
The setting device (50), the valve (51), the switch (52), and the alarm device (53) are connected to the tillage controller (54) connected to the electronic governor controller (49). The lift valve (51) is automatically controlled based on the obtained change in the load factor of the engine (38) to vary the height of the support of the work machine (8) with respect to the tractor (1) and change the tillage depth, The operation is performed while the load factor of the engine (38) is maintained substantially constant. The present embodiment is constructed as described above. Conventionally, for example, when the number of pawls per rotation of the pawl shaft (19) is one, the rotational speed of the pawl shaft is approximately 170 rpm, and the vehicle speed is 0.5 m / s. The operation performed in (1) is performed by setting the number of claws per one rotation of the claw shaft (19) to two, and the rotation speed of the claw shaft is approximately 170 rpm, and the vehicle speed is 1.
The operation is performed under a working condition of about 1.5 m / s, and the traveling speed is increased to about twice or more of the conventional one, and the working efficiency is greatly improved. During the operation, the engine (3
8) The load control is performed to control the load of the engine (38) to be constant by raising and lowering the work implement (8) based on the change in load, while the engine is controlled based on the change in the load on the vehicle body supported by the front wheels (2). The rotation control for increasing or decreasing the rotation of (38) is performed. Hereinafter, this engine rotation control will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Normally, the rotation of the engine (38) is based on the set engine speed (N) detected by the accelerator sensor (46).
In contrast to 2), control is performed by the electronic governor (40) so that the actual engine speed (N1) detected by the rotation sensor (43) is equal (N2 = N1), and the load sensor (47) Detects a value (V1) smaller than a certain value (V2) of the setting device (48), the supporting load of the front wheel (2) is almost 0 kg, and when this state continues for a certain time (h), the front wheel When it is determined that (2) has risen above the field, the amount of fuel injection to the engine (38) is decelerated to reduce the engine rotation, and when a constant load is applied to the front wheel (2), the original accelerator sensor The rotation is returned to (46). That is, when the front wheel (2) is in a floating state at the time of dashing the vehicle body, the vehicle speed is also reduced by reducing the engine rotation to prevent the front wheel (2) from floating. In the above-described embodiment, a rotary plow is used as an earthworking device. However, a more remarkable effect is obtained when a plow having higher traction resistance and sustainability than the rotary plow is used. It can be applied to construction machines such as loaders other than those for agricultural work. As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention relates to an earthworking machine equipped with various earthworking devices (8) at the rear of a traveling vehicle (1), and supports a front wheel (2). A front wheel load sensor (47) for detecting a load; and an engine rotation control means (49) for controlling rotation of the engine (38).
Since the rotation of the engine (38) is controlled at a low speed when the front wheel support load is detected to be equal to or less than a certain value, for example, the electronic governor (40) conventionally used for engine load control is effectively used, and the front wheel (2) is controlled. When the supporting load of the front wheels in the floating state is equal to or less than a certain value, the rotation of the engine is slowed down by the electronic governor (40) to reduce the traction resistance of the working machine, thereby preventing the vehicle body from going up-front. Thus, a remarkable effect such as the front-rear balance of the vehicle body and the stable maintenance of steering can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a control circuit diagram. FIG. 2 is an overall side view. FIG. 3 is an overall plan view. FIG. 4 is an explanatory side view of a rotary unit. FIG. 5 is an explanatory plan view of a rotary unit. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an arrangement of a control unit. FIG. 7 is a flowchart. [Explanation of symbols] (1) Traveling car (2) Front wheel (8) Rotary work machine (earth work device) (38) Engine (47) Load sensor (49) Governor controller (rotation control means)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-60-147546 (JP, A) JP-A-6-276807 (JP, A) JP-A 62-70708 (JP, U) (58) Survey Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01B 67/00 A01B 33/08 F02D 29/00

Claims (1)

(1) Claims 1. An earthworking machine equipped with various earthworking devices at a rear portion of a traveling vehicle, a front wheel load sensor for detecting a support load of a front wheel, and rotation control of an engine. An earthworking machine comprising an engine rotation control means, wherein the engine rotation is controlled at a low speed when the front wheel supporting load is detected to be equal to or less than a predetermined value.