JP3495717B2 - Method of expressing solid model inside transparent object, transparent object in which solid model is expressed, and order receiving system - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of expressing the shape of a three-dimensional model by irradiating a light spot inside a transparent body, a transparent body in which the three-dimensional model is expressed, and an order receiving system for the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A method of laser engraving the surface shape of a three-dimensional model in a glass body is known. This method focuses a laser beam into a glass body to form a spindle-shaped spot. Since the temperature of that portion becomes high, the glass melts. After cooling, the spots remain opaque or translucent and can engrave the three-dimensional model surface shape.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned method, the surface of the sculpture does not express any shade, and the lightness information (for example, texture) of the three-dimensional model cannot be reproduced. FIG. 7 is a view showing a result of laser engraving a spherical three-dimensional model 21 with light and shade (difference in lightness) in a glass body 5 by a conventional method. The object carved in the glass body 5 has no grayscale expression and appears as a uniformly white object.

This is because the laser beam was focused on the surface of the engraved object at a uniform density. Therefore, the present invention is
An object of the present invention is to provide a method of expressing a three-dimensional model inside a transparent body capable of expressing light and shade on the surface of a sculpture, a transparent body in which the three-dimensional model is expressed, and an ordering system therefor.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention] (1) In the method for expressing a three-dimensional model inside a transparent body of the present invention, a laser beam is oscillated by a rotating mirror inside the transparent body by a unit angle.
By spot irradiation of light beams are directed to a method of representing the shape of the three-dimensional model, to extract the gray-scale information of the three-dimensional model, based on the the extracted gray-scale information, the single
This is a method of expressing light and shade on the shape surface of the three-dimensional model inside the transparent body by the number of light spots irradiated per pixel for each position angle . According to the above-mentioned method, the shading is expressed on the shape surface of the three-dimensional model inside the transparent body. Therefore, it is possible to make a realistic expression closer to the actual three-dimensional model.

The grayscale expression can be determined on the basis of whether or not a spot is irradiated at each laser irradiation interval on the shape surface of the three-dimensional model inside the transparent body. More specifically, the coordinate value and the brightness value of the point group on the surface of the three-dimensional model shape are extracted according to the laser irradiation interval, a two-dimensional projected image for each direction is generated, and the two-dimensional projected image is shaded. Representable binarization processing is performed, and it is determined whether to irradiate a spot on each point according to the binary level of each point.

According to this method, with respect to the light portion (bright portion) of the three-dimensional model, an opaque or semi-transparent spot remains on the shape surface of the three-dimensional model inside the transparent body.
Looks bright. The dark portion remains transparent because the spot is not illuminated, and appears relatively dark. Therefore, it is possible to reproduce the shade of the stereo model. (2) In the transparent body of the present invention, the laser beam is rotated by the rotating mirror.
By spot irradiation of the light irradiated swung by a unit angle, and be one shape of three-dimensional model is represented internally, extracts grayscale information of the three-dimensional model, based on the the extracted gray-scale information, It is characterized in that the surface shape of the three-dimensional model expresses shading depending on the number of light spots irradiated per pixel for each unit angle . According to this, it is possible to obtain a transparent body in which shading is expressed on the surface of the shape of the internal three-dimensional model. Therefore, it is possible to provide a transparent body on which a model of a realistic expression closer to that of an actual three-dimensional model is engraved. Therefore, the value of the transparent body can be increased.

(3) The order receiving system of the present invention comprises an order receiving computer installed in a store, a reception processing computer installed in the management department of the business operator, and a manufacturing management computer installed in the manufacturing department of the business operator. Connected by communication line,
It is an ordering system for a transparent body in which a three-dimensional model according to claim 3 is expressed, and an information input device for a three-dimensional object is provided at a store, and the processing of (a) to (d) according to claim 5 is possible. Is.
According to this order receiving system, it is possible to provide quick and accurate information between the customer, the management department, and the manufacturing department, so that the efficiency of the work can be improved.

[0009] In particular, if the ordered information can be confirmed and the progress can be confirmed by the order-accepting computer at the store or any other computer, the customer can easily and immediately receive the necessary information. You can Further, if the ordered information can be corrected or added by the order-accepting computer at the store or any other computer, the customer can accurately give an instruction for correction or change while looking at the screen.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present embodiment, a method for irradiating a glass body with a near-infrared YAG laser to engrave a three-dimensional model (for example, a human face) will be described.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a stereo model. The three-dimensional model 1 is imaged from the front, the back, the right surface, and the left surface by the camera 2, and the respective projected images 3a to 3d (hereinafter collectively referred to as "projected image 3") are created. Thereby, the shape information and the grayscale information of the stereo model 1 are obtained.

More specifically, the three-dimensional model is put in a cylindrical body, and the cylindrical body is divided into unit areas (voxels) represented by cylindrical coordinates. A pyramidal region (hypothetical existing region) having a cross-sectional shape of the object image in the projected image with the projection center of the camera as the vertex is determined. Vote “1” for the assumed existence area of the cylinder (voting process). Such voting processing is performed on projection images from all directions. Then, a threshold value is set, and a portion having the number of votes greater than or equal to this threshold value is set as the stereoscopic shape of the stereo model (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-124704).
(See Japanese Patent Publication).

Further, the texture (grayscale information) of the stereo model 1 is acquired based on the brightness value appearing in the projection image 3. The camera 2 and a computer (not shown) that obtains the shape information and the grayscale information of the stereo model 1 will be referred to as a video input device 30. Next, a laser beam focused by a condensing means (lens, concave mirror, etc.) is irradiated from a predetermined direction (for example, four directions of front surface, back surface, right surface, left surface) of the glass body 5 which is a rectangular parallelepiped.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing how the laser device 7 irradiates the glass body 5 with a laser beam. The laser beam is radiated by being rotated by the rotating mirror 6 by a unit angle. This unit angle is called "laser irradiation interval". The intensity of the laser beam is modulated by the density information.
Figure 3 shows each point (hereinafter "pixel") for each "laser irradiation interval".
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a grayscale expression method in (in some cases). Here, one pixel is divided into four sub-pixels. White circles indicate laser spots. The darker gradation reduces the number of laser spots per pixel, and the brighter gradation increases the number of laser spots. As a result, a gradation of 5 levels from 0 to 4 can be expressed.

The number of gradations is not limited to the above example. For example, one pixel = 1 sub-pixel may be set, and two levels of gradation, 0 or 1, may be expressed depending on the presence or absence of a laser spot. In addition to the above, dither processing and error diffusion method may be applied as the gradation expression. FIG. 4 is a diagram depicting a specific example of grayscale expression. The upper row shows the front, right, back, and left projection images 3a to 3d, and the lower row shows the light and shade reproduced by the irradiation of the laser beam. The brighter the area, the higher the laser spot density and the more solid the image appears.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart for explaining the procedure for carrying out the above-described grayscale expression method. First, an image is taken with a camera from each direction, point cloud data for each laser irradiation interval is extracted, and a shape is determined (step S
1). Then, the brightness information of each point is obtained (step S2),
A projection image is created based on this brightness value information (step S3). Next, binarization processing for gradation expression is performed (step S4). Specifically, it is the process described with reference to FIG. Based on this binarization processing, the overlapping points of the respective images are eliminated, the laser irradiation point cloud is extracted (step S5), and laser processing is performed (step S6).

The laser spot remains opaque.
The bright spot becomes white due to the increased laser spot density. The dark spot has a reduced laser spot density and appears darker than the white spot. Therefore, the grayscale information of the original stereo model can be faithfully reproduced. Although the embodiment of the invention has been described above, the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, as a grayscale expression method, in addition to the method shown in FIG. 3, a method of changing the laser output in a plurality of steps as shown in FIG. 6 can be adopted. If the laser output is high, the temperature is high and the spot becomes large, and it looks whitish. The lower the laser power, the lower the temperature, the smaller the spot, and the darker it looks. Although the laser output is changed stepwise in FIG. 6, it can be changed continuously. A method of changing the laser irradiation time is also possible.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, a projection image of a real three-dimensional model is photographed, and grayscale expression is performed based on the image. However, in addition to this, a grayscale image may be created based on CG (computer graphics) data of the stereo model (the stereo model may be created imaginarily), CAD data, or two-dimensional data. Although the near-infrared YAG laser is used in the above-described embodiment, other types of laser light sources may be used, and non-coherent light sources such as light emitting diodes may be used.

Although the three-dimensional model is engraved in the glass body, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polycarbonate resin or the like may be adopted instead of glass. In this case, the optimum laser beam wavelength, output, etc. are determined according to the resin. FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram of a three-dimensional model engraving order receiving system. In FIG. 8, thin lines with arrows represent data communication lines, and thick lines represent delivery routes. The business operator has a plurality of stores, a management department (sales office), and a manufacturing department (factory). At the store, an order-accepting computer 31 including a three-dimensional model video input device (see FIG. 1) 30 is provided. The management department is provided with a computer 32 that performs a reception process and a server 33 that stores various data. In the manufacturing department, a manufacturing process for manufacturing a three-dimensional model and a manufacturing management computer 34 are arranged, and an inspection device 3 for inspecting a product.
5. It has a shipping section 36 for shipping products after passing the inspection.

The order receiving computer 31, the acceptance processing computer 32 of the management department and the server 33 are connected by a data communication line 41. Further, the acceptance processing computer 32 and the server 33 are connected to the manufacturing management computer 34 of the manufacturing department and the computer of the inspection device 35 by a data communication line 42. The product shipped from the shipping unit 36 is directly delivered to the store or the client by the delivery company.

In the above system, the customer opens the web screen of the server 33, operates the order-accepting computer 31, inputs a stereoscopic image through the video input device 30, and specifies the type of stereoscopic model to be requested. be able to. The acceptance processing computer 32 registers the input order contents in the server 33 and sends the order contents to the manufacturing management computer 34. The manufacturing management computer 34 gives an instruction for manufacturing based on the contents of the order and manages the manufacturing process. Also, create a forecast screen.

The acceptance processing computer 32 receives a report on the manufacturing status from the manufacturing management computer 34 and manages the manufacturing progress status. Also, when it is necessary, the completion forecast screen is acquired from the manufacturing control computer 34. The customer confirms the ordered information using the order reception computer 31 at the store,
You can check the progress. In addition, the customer uses the order-accepting computer 31 at the store or the computer 37 installed at home or the like.
Allows you to modify or add the ordered contents.

FIG. 9 shows a computer 37 installed at home.
It is a figure which shows a mode that the contents of ordering are corrected and added by. A predicted completion screen is displayed on the screen of the computer 37, and the customer is making corrections, adding backgrounds, etc. on this screen. This correction and addition contents are
The information is sent to the manufacturing control computer 34, where the order details are corrected and added, and the change is registered in the server 33. Then, the changed contents are transmitted to the manufacturing control computer 34, and the manufacturing process is changed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a stereo model.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing how a laser device 7 irradiates a glass body 5 with a laser beam.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a grayscale expression method.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a specific example of grayscale expression.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining a procedure for implementing a grayscale expression method.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another specific example of the grayscale expression method.

FIG. 7: Spherical three-dimensional model 21 with shading (brightness difference)
It is a figure which shows the result of laser engraving in the glass body 5 by the conventional method.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram of a three-dimensional model engraving order receiving system.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing how a computer 37 installed at home corrects or adds the contents of an order.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 three-dimensional model 2 camera 3, 3a-3d projection image 5 glass bodies 6 rotating mirror 7 Laser device 31 Ordering computer 32 Reception processing computer 33 servers 34 Manufacturing control computer

Front page continuation (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI G06F 17/60 318 G06F 17/60 318E (72) Inventor Tatsuyuki Nakagawa 2-5-5 Keihan Hon-dori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takafumi Nakayama 2-5-5 Keihan Hon-dori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inoue Komei 2-5-5 Keihan-hondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-7-136782 (JP, A) JP-A-10-124704 (JP, A) JP-A-1-307803 (JP, A) JP-A-63-178098 (JP, A) Kaihei 1-233082 (JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B44F 7/00 B44C 1/22 C03B 23/00 C03C 23/00 G06F 17/60 302 G06F 17 / 60 318

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A laser beam is applied to a rotating mirror inside a transparent body.
By spot irradiation of the light irradiated swung by more unit angle, a method for expressing the shape of the three-dimensional model, to extract the gray-scale information of the three-dimensional model, based on the the extracted gray-scale information, the unit A method for expressing a three-dimensional model inside a transparent body, characterized by expressing shading on the surface of the shape of the three-dimensional model inside the transparent body by the number of light spots irradiated per pixel at each angle . 2. A coordinate value and a brightness value of a point group on the surface of a three-dimensional model shape are extracted according to a laser irradiation interval, a two-dimensional projected image for each direction is generated, and a gray scale is expressed for the two-dimensional projected image. The representation of the three-dimensional model inside the transparent body according to claim 1, characterized in that possible binarization processing is performed and whether or not to irradiate a spot with a spot is determined according to a binary level of each point. Method. 3. A laser beam is rotated by a rotating mirror without a unit angle.
One swung by spot irradiation of light irradiated, a transparent body shape is expressed in the interior of the three-dimensional model, to extract the gray-scale information of the three-dimensional model, based on the the extracted gray-scale information, wherein A transparent body in which a three-dimensional model is represented, in which light and shade are represented on the shape surface of the three-dimensional model inside the transparent body by the number of light spots irradiated per pixel at each unit angle . 4. An order receiving computer installed in a store, a reception processing computer installed in a management department of a business operator,
A transparent object ordering system in which a three-dimensional model according to claim 3 is connected to a manufacturing control computer installed in a manufacturing department of a business operator through a communication line, and a three-dimensional object information input device is provided at a store. The following (a) ~
An ordering system characterized by being capable of processing (d). (a) The customer inputs the image of the three-dimensional model through the information input device by operating the order receiving computer. (b) The acceptance processing computer registers the input order contents and sends the order contents to the manufacturing management computer. (c) The manufacturing control computer gives instructions for manufacturing based on the contents of the order, and controls the manufacturing process. (d) The reception processing computer receives a report of the manufacturing process from the manufacturing management computer and manages the manufacturing progress status. 5. The order-accepting system according to claim 4, wherein the customer can confirm the ordered information and the progress status by using the order-accepting computer at the store or any other computer. 6. The order receiving system according to claim 5, wherein the customer can correct or add the ordered information by using the order receiving computer at the store or any other computer.