JP3492432B2 - Detonator - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a detonator for controlling an explosive so as not to ignite except at a designated timing. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to safely ignite an explosive in a fuse or the like, a timing for releasing safety is determined by a timer or the like, and the explosive can be ignited by an explosion command only in the safety release state. An initiating device provided with a safety release mechanism has been used. [0003] In the conventional detonator, if the explosive is not ignited for any reason in the above safety release state and the explosive does not ignite, the fuze or the explosive is not used. Landed on the ground as an unexploded ordnance. In such a case, in the conventional detonating device, the safety release state is not promptly retracted, and the safety of the worker performing the post-processing is not ensured, which is dangerous. The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and has as its object to provide a detonating device that quickly returns to a safe state even in the case of a misfire. [0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a detonator for controlling the firing timing of explosives, in which a heating agent and a unit cell are incorporated, wherein the heating agent is used. A thermal battery that, when ignited, heats the unit cell to generate power, and when the heating agent is consumed after a predetermined time elapses, the temperature of the unit cell decreases to stop power generation;
A charging / discharging unit that is charged when the thermal battery generates power and is discharged when the power generation stops, and a charging / discharging unit that is provided at a predetermined distance from the explosive and receives a command while the charging / discharging unit is being charged. An ignition means that ignites by the charging energy of the explosive, and an explosive whose blast energy is smaller than that of the explosive are built in a predetermined position. When power is supplied from the thermal battery, the explosive rotates by a predetermined angle and the explosive and the explosive An explosive mechanism that interposes the explosive between the explosive and the explosive, and when the power supply is stopped after the lapse of the predetermined time, returns to a state before rotation and moves the explosive away from the explosive and the explosive; Are provided. According to the above construction, when the thermal battery is heated to generate electric power, the charging / discharging means is charged, the explosion mechanism is rotated by a predetermined angle, and the built-in explosive charges between the firing means and the explosive. It is inserted in between, and becomes a detonation standby state (safety release state). When a firing command is issued to the firing means in this state, the charging energy of the charging / discharging means is received, the fuel is ignited, the explosive is ignited, and the explosive is ignited by the firing of the explosive, but the command is not performed. If the temperature of the thermal battery drops and power generation stops,
As the charging / discharging means is discharged, the detonation mechanism returns to the state before the rotation, and the explosive charges away from the firing means and the explosive. Accordingly, the detonation standby state is released and the state is restored. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an explosive detonator according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is
This is a thermal battery in which a heating agent (not shown) and a unit cell which becomes conductive due to high temperature are built in, and output terminals a and b as electrodes and ignition terminals c and d are provided.
When power is supplied from another main power supply (not shown) to the thermal battery 1 via the ignition terminals c and d, an ignition operation is performed inside the thermal battery 1 to ignite the heating agent and heat the unit cell. You. As a result, a predetermined electromotive force is obtained at the output terminals a and b. In addition, when the heating agent is consumed after the elapse of a predetermined time, the temperature of the unit cell decreases, and the electromotive force decreases. That is, the life of the thermal battery 1 is determined by the capacity of the heating agent and the like.
Here, it is assumed that the predetermined time is about several minutes. Reference numeral 2 denotes a rotary solenoid (actuator) which generates a high-torque, constant-angle rotating motion when power is supplied through output terminals a, b of the thermal battery 1. The rotary solenoid 2 has a built-in return spring (not shown).
When the supply of power from is stopped, the spring returns to the state before the rotation. Reference numeral 3 denotes a shaft, one end of which is connected to the rotary solenoid 2 with a common axis. The other end of the shaft 3 is connected to a shutter 4 having a common axis. A hole 4a is formed in a part of the shutter 4, and the explosive 6 is filled in the hole 4a. 7 is an explosive charged under the shutter 4;
Reference numeral 8 denotes an explosive charge disposed immediately below the explosive charge 7. When the rotary solenoid 2 rotates by the predetermined angle, the explosive charge 6 filled in the shutter 4 and the explosive charge 7 and the explosive charge 8 linked to the rotary solenoid 2 are aligned in a straight line, that is, a so-called “fire path is connected”. State ". These explosives 6,
The explosive charge 7 and the explosive charge 8 have such characteristics that the firing sensitivity becomes “sensitive → insensitive” and the blast power becomes “small → large” in this order. This is to make it easy to fire only those having low blast power in case of an accident, and to gradually increase the blast power to finally obtain a large blast power. Reference numeral 10 denotes an electric detonator, which ignites when an electric current flows and ignites the detonator 6. The electric detonator 10 is
The shutter 4 is arranged so as to be closest to the priming charge 6 in the state where the shutter 4 is rotated and the conduit is connected as described above. When the shutter 4 returns to the state before the rotation, the priming charge 6 is used.
Moves away from the electric detonator 10. The thyristor 17 operates only when it receives a command signal from remote command means (or a timer) described later. The energy stored in the capacitor 13 flows to the electric detonator 10, and the electric detonator 10 is designed to ignite. At this time, if the electric detonator 10 and the explosive 6 are in the above-mentioned state, the explosive 6 receives the ignition energy of the electric detonator 10 and fires. As shown in FIG. 1, a terminal q of the electric detonator 10 is grounded, and a terminal p is connected to a charge / discharge circuit 12 described below. The charging / discharging circuit 12 is a circuit in which a capacitor 13 and a discharging resistor 14 are connected in parallel, and a charging resistor 18 is connected in series.
Is connected to the output terminal b of the thermal battery 1 via the diode 16, and when an electromotive force is supplied from the thermal battery 1, the capacitor 13 is charged. In this state, when the trigger signal St is input to the thyristor 17 and the thyristor 17 is activated, the accumulated electric charge is supplied to the electric detonator 10. On the other hand, when the supply of the electromotive force from the thermal battery 1 is stopped, the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor 13 is discharged via the discharge resistor 14. Next, the sequence of the detonation operation by the detonator of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the timing chart of FIG. The detonation sequence can be executed by remote command means or a timer (not shown). Here, a method using a timer will be described first. At the time T1 of the timer method, when the main power source is switched from the off state to the on state by a method such as pulling out a pin provided on the detonator (see FIG. 2A), the timer starts. This timer is set in advance so as to issue a predetermined command signal at a plurality of timings described below. Next, at time T2, when energization from the main power supply to the thermal battery 1 is started by a timer command, the thermal battery 1 is switched from the off state to the on state (see FIG. 2B), and an electromotive force is generated. You. Thus, the rotary solenoid 2 shown in FIG. 1 is rotated by the electromotive force of the thermal battery 1, and the shaft 3 and the shutter 4 are rotated in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. The electromotive force of the thermal battery 1 is supplied to the charge / discharge circuit 12.
And charging of the capacitor 13 is started. When the rotation angle of the rotary solenoid 2 reaches the predetermined angle at the time T3, the rotation operation of the rotary solenoid 2, the shaft 3, and the shutter 4 stops. In this state (time T3), the hole 4a of the shutter 4 is located below the electric detonator 10, and the explosive 6, explosive 7, and explosive 8 are arranged in a straight line, that is, as described above. The state is that the conduit is connected. Therefore, when the electric detonator 10 is ignited in this state, the hole 4a
The priming charge 6 filled in is ignited. That is, the shutter 4 has been switched from the off state (safety state) to the on state (safety release state) (see FIG. 2C). At time T4, when the thyristor 17 is activated by a timer command, the electric charge charged in the capacitor 13 is supplied to the electric detonator 10. As a result, a discharge current flows through the electric detonator 10 to ignite. Accordingly, the ignition of the electric detonator 10 ignites the explosive 6 below it, and furthermore, the explosive 7 and the explosive 8 arranged in a straight line with the explosive 6 sequentially ignite, and the blast power is maximized to explode. . Incidentally, the period during which the thermal battery 1 is heated to generate an electromotive force is relatively short, about several minutes, as described above.
Even if the detonation command signal is not supplied due to some problem after the time T4, after the elapse of the period (at the time T5 here), the temperature of the thermal battery 1 decreases and the thermal battery 1 enters an inactive state, that is, an off state. (Fig. 2 (b)
reference). As a result, the supply of power from the thermal battery 1 to the rotary solenoid 2 is stopped, and the solenoid 2 returns to the state before the rotation by the above-described return spring. Accordingly, the shutter 4 is also in the original state, that is, the hole 4a is away from the position of the electric detonator 10 as shown in FIG. In addition, the electric charge stored in the capacitor 13 of the charge / discharge circuit 12 is discharged through the resistor 14, and the ignition energy of the electric detonator 10 becomes zero, so that there is no possibility that the electric detonator 10 will be fired. That is, after time T5, the priming charge 6
The explosive charge 7 and the explosive charge 8 are not located on the line connecting the explosive charge 7 and the explosive charge 8, so that even if a fire occurs in the operation of removing the main explosive charge, the explosive charge 7 and the explosive charge 8 do not ignite. Further, since the explosive charge 7 and the explosive charge 8 have lower ignition sensitivity than the explosive charge 6 as described above, there is almost no fear that the explosive charge 7 and the explosive charge 8 will be ignited independently by the stimulus during the removal operation. Next, a detonation sequence by a remote operation method via a remote command means will be described below. Remote operation (command) method As in the above case, when the main power supply switches from the off state to the on state at time T1, the following units of the safety device enter a command signal reception standby state. Next, at time T2, when the power supply from the main power supply to the thermal battery 1 is started by a remote command operation (by a remote switch or the like) of the attendant, the thermal battery 1 is switched from the off state to the on state, and the electromotive force is reduced. Generated. Thus, as described above, the shutter 4 is turned off via the rotary solenoid 2 (safety state).
To the ON state (safe release state) (time T
3). Also, the capacitor 13 is charged. Then, at time T4, the electric charge charged in the capacitor 13 by the remote command operation of the staff is supplied to the electric detonator 10,
The electric detonator 10 ignites. As a result, the explosive 6, the explosive 7, and the explosive 8 are fired sequentially, and the blast power is maximized to explode. Then, at time T5, the thermal battery 1 is turned off. The process of restoring the safe state thereafter is the same as in the case described above, and a description thereof will be omitted. As described above, the detonator according to this embodiment is
After a relatively short period during which the detonation command may be issued after the safety release state, the thermal battery 1 becomes inactive and the electromotive force decreases, and the electric detonator 10 loses ignition energy, The rotary solenoid 2 and the shutter 4 return to the positions before the rotation, and the conduit composed of the explosive 6, the explosive 7, and the explosive 8 is cut off. As described above, since the safety state is promptly restored, there is an effect that the safety of the worker performing the post-processing is secured. Also, in the work of installing the detonating device before using the explosive, if the thermal battery 1 is not heated, the ignition energy of the electric detonator 10 is in a zero state, so that the safety of the worker's body is similarly secured. According to the present invention, as described above, according to the present invention, even in the case of a misfire, the safe state can be immediately restored.
Post-processing can be performed safely.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an initiator according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing a flow of a detonation operation in the embodiment. [Description of Signs] 1 Thermal battery 2 Rotary solenoid (explosive mechanism) 4 Shutter (explosive mechanism) 6 Explosive 7 Explosive charge (explosive) 8 Explosive charge (explosive) 10 Electric detonator (ignition means) 12 Charge / discharge circuit (charge / discharge) means)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] An explosive device for controlling the firing timing of an explosive, wherein a heating agent and a unit cell are incorporated, and when the heating agent is ignited, the unit cell is heated. A heat battery that generates power and stops the power generation when the heating agent is consumed after a lapse of a predetermined time, and a charge that is charged when the heat battery generates power and discharged when the power generation stops. Discharging means, provided at a predetermined distance from the explosive, an ignition means that ignites by charging energy of the charging / discharging means when receiving a command while the charging / discharging means is being charged; incorporates a detonator that is a small to a predetermined position, arming by interposed said detonator between when power is supplied from the heat cell and the explosive to a predetermined angle rotates the ignition means State A detonation mechanism that returns to a state before rotation when the supply of power is stopped after a lapse of a fixed time and moves the detonating charge away from the explosive and the igniting means so as to be in a safe state. A detonator.