JP3490080B1 - Formwork panel for concrete casting - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract: [PROBLEMS] To be able to safely leave a formwork panel itself even after hardening of concrete, and to be able to cope with the exposure of voids and gravel generated in concrete at the time of casting and to cope with it even after hardening. Even if concrete flakes off due to aging, it can catch it, cracks and defects can be found from the outer surface, and it protects concrete from wind and rain and snow and suppresses deterioration and enhances waterproofing effect and increases concrete effect To provide a concrete casting formwork panel capable of improving the durability of the concrete. A transparent or translucent formwork panel,
A through hole 2A penetrating in the thickness direction from the concrete casting surface 1a to the outer surface 1b is formed, and an opening of the through hole 2A on the concrete casting surface 1a side is engaged with the poured concrete 4 by intrusion. In addition to the engaging opening 2Aa, at least a part of the path of the through hole 2A has a waterproof inclined hole 2Ac whose entire inner peripheral surface is inclined outward and downward.
To form

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transparent concrete casting form panel for molding a concrete structure, and more particularly to an outer wall of a building and an inner wall of a tunnel. The present invention relates to a concrete casting formwork panel suitable for use in a formwork for molding a portion exposed to the outside, such as the above. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, concrete structures such as condominiums and other buildings, bridges, expressways, tunnels, dams and the like are constructed by forming a formwork and driving concrete into the inside.
It is manufactured through a process of curing and curing. The formwork used in this concrete casting process is mainly composed of a combination of a plywood panel made of rawan or the like or a metal panel made of iron, aluminum or the like. Since the formwork is used in large quantities in the concrete work of buildings and civil engineering structures, inexpensive plywood panels are often used, and in places where more strength is required, metal parts are used. Are appropriately selected. However, since the conventional formwork panel is opaque, the inside cannot be observed from the outer surface, and it is difficult to grasp the state of the poured concrete. For this reason, even if there were voids inside the concrete when the concrete was poured or gravel was exposed on the concrete surface, it could not be visually confirmed through the formwork panel. For this reason, veteran workers mostly rely on intuition and experience, such as striking the formwork with a hammer or the like to hear the reverberation and shifting and removing bubbles. With this, the quality of the concrete structure is not stable,
It is a cause of accelerated deterioration due to concrete spalling and neutralization. To solve such a problem, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-16 / 1999
Japanese Patent No. 5308 proposes a concrete casting panel made of a highly transparent synthetic resin that allows the inside of concrete to be observed from outside the formwork. According to the present invention, it is possible to check the arrangement of reinforcing bars and concrete wrapping tubes for electric wiring and the like before placing concrete through the panel, thereby eliminating arrangement errors.
In addition, since the synthetic resin has high releasability from concrete, there is an effect that it is not necessary to apply a release material to the surface. [0005] However, in the concrete casting panel disclosed in the official gazette, since the cast concrete is to be removed after being hardened, the concrete after removal is not removed. There is a problem in that it is directly exposed to the wind and rain, and weathering and deterioration are likely to proceed. In particular, when rainwater invades voids and cracked parts, freezing and thawing are repeated during the winter period, and the damage may be further increased, and the invading water will rust the reinforcing steel bar and reduce the strength significantly. . [0006] Also, if the force is applied to remove the formwork even though the concrete is not completely set by mistake, the concrete attached to the formwork moves, and between the original concrete. There will be gaps. This causes a discontinuous surface called a so-called cold joint, and causes the concrete to peel off. Further, in the construction of a tunnel or a huge building, the pouring of concrete is often interrupted, so that the setting time of the concrete is shifted and a discontinuous surface is generated.
Cold joints are likely to occur. In particular, in tunnels and the like, train vibrations and automobile vibrations and air pressure fluctuations during traveling are repeatedly applied, and concrete is easily peeled off from ceilings and side walls. Accident prevention measures against such concrete spalling are not sufficient. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and is intended to increase the joining force between the poured concrete and the formwork panel, so that the concrete is hardened to be transparent or translucent. In addition to being able to safely leave the formwork panel itself, it is possible to cope with the exposure of the voids and gravel generated in the concrete at the time of casting, as well as the concrete flakes due to aging even after hardening Can detect cracks and defects on the outer surface, protect concrete from the elements and protect it from wind and rain, reduce deterioration, and increase the waterproofing effect to improve the durability of concrete. It is an object of the present invention to provide a formwork panel for concrete casting. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A concrete casting form panel according to the present invention is characterized by a transparent or semi-finished form used for forming concrete structures by casting concrete. A transparent formwork panel having a through hole formed in the thickness direction of the formwork panel and penetrating from the concrete casting surface to the outer surface. It is an opening for engaging concrete that enters and engages with it, and the entire inner peripheral surface of the path of the through-hole is inclined outward and downward on the outer surface side , so that water can enter. The inclined hole for waterproofing is formed, and concrete is cast more than the inclined hole for waterproofing.
On the surface side, the entire inner peripheral surface is inclined
Concrete run-off slope to prevent cleat run-off
The point is that a hole is formed. [0010] By adopting such a configuration, a through hole is formed in the thickness direction of the form panel so as to penetrate from the concrete casting surface to the outer surface. It is easy to remove the concrete, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of voids. Also, since the concrete poured is engaged with the engaging opening of the through hole, the concrete and the mold are engaged. There is an effect that the frame panel and the frame panel can be integrally joined. Further, the through hole is inclined entire inner peripheral surface thereof outwardly downwardly
Waterproof inclined holes are formed to prevent water from entering, making it difficult for rainwater, etc. to enter from the outer surface side , preventing water from entering or coming into contact with concrete, and
On the concrete casting surface side of the inclined hole, the entire inner peripheral surface
The body leans outward and upward to prevent concrete from flowing out
Inclined holes for preventing concrete from flowing out
Control the flow of concrete before hardening,
It has the effect of preventing it from leaving . An embodiment of a concrete casting form panel according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Will be explained. FIG. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of a concrete casting formwork panel 1A according to the present invention as viewed from the concrete casting surface 1a side, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view as viewed from the side. It is. The concrete casting formwork panel 1A of the first embodiment is a transparent or translucent plate, and has a through hole 2A penetrating in the thickness direction from the concrete casting surface 1a to the outer surface 1b. A plurality is formed. As shown in FIG. 2, the through hole 2 </ b> A
The opening on the side is formed large, and the opening on the outer surface 1b side is formed small. The opening on the side of the concrete casting surface 1a is intended to penetrate the concrete to be poured into and integrally engage therewith, and is formed so that the contact area is as large as possible. Therefore, the opening on the concrete casting surface 1a side is referred to as an engaging opening 2Aa. On the other hand, the opening on the outer surface 1b side is intended to discharge air bubbles in the concrete to the outside, but at the same time, in order to prevent rainwater and the like from entering from outside,
In addition, the diameter of the concrete is made as small as possible in order to prevent the fluid concrete from jumping out to the outer surface 1b. Therefore, the opening on the outer surface 1b side is referred to as an air bubble removing opening 2Ab. The cross-sectional shape of the through hole 2A is circular for ease of formation, but is not limited to this, and may be rectangular or any other shape. As shown in FIG. 2, the through hole 2A is
At least a part of the penetration path is formed with a waterproof inclined hole 2Ac whose entire inner peripheral surface is inclined outward and downward from the concrete cleat placing surface 1a toward the outer surface 1b. This is to prevent rainwater or the like flowing from the bubble removing opening 2Ab from entering the inside. In the first embodiment, the waterproof inclined hole 2Ac is formed over the entire path of the through hole 2A. However, the waterproof inclined hole 2Ac does not need to be formed over the entire path, and the bubble removing opening 2A is not necessary.
It is sufficient that the slant length and the slant angle are such that the water entering from b does not reach the concrete 4. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the concrete casting form panel 1A of the first embodiment is formed in a flat rectangular shape, and is provided on one of the right, left, upper and lower sides. At the edge, a convex connecting portion 1c protruding outward from the edge is formed, and at the edge of the other side, the convex connecting portion 1c is formed.
A concave connecting portion 1d corresponding to c is formed. FIG.
Shows a connection portion with another adjacent concrete casting form panel 1A. In the first embodiment,
A surface-side convex connecting portion 1c whose front surface in the width direction protrudes outward in the plane and a front-side concave connecting portion 1d in which the front surface in the width direction is concave in the plane inward to match this shape are formed. I have. As a result, the concrete casting form panel 1A connects the surface-side convex connecting portion 1c and the surface-side concave connecting portion 1d at the edge of the adjacent concrete forming form panel 1A via an adhesive or the like. If the panels 1A are stably mounted, the panels 1A can be stably installed.
The boundary between A can be formed in a planar shape. FIG. 4 shows a concrete casting form panel 1.
A convex connecting portion 1c and a concave connecting portion 1d at the edge of A
13 shows another variation. At one edge of each of the left, right, upper and lower sides, an acute-angled convex connecting portion 1e is formed, which is formed in an acute-angled convex shape toward the outer side of the edge. A groove-shaped acute angle concave connecting portion 1f corresponding to the connecting portion 1e is formed. In this manner, the opposing edges of the adjacent concrete casting formwork panels 1A match, so that a stable installation state can be ensured, and transparency can be ensured even at the boundary between the panels 1A. In the first embodiment, an acrylic resin is selected as the material of the transparent concrete casting form panel 1A. This is because, in order to grasp the state of the concrete as accurately as possible, attention was paid to the high transparency of the total transmittance of the acrylic resin of 93%. Acrylic resin is also excellent in weather resistance and hardly changes in mechanical and optical properties, and thus is suitable for protecting concrete structures for a long period of time. However, the material is not limited to an acrylic resin, and may be any material having a degree of permeability that allows the state of the concrete 4 poured into the concrete casting formwork panel 1A to be observed. For example, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene, hard urethane, tempered glass and the like can be mentioned. Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, a reinforcing steel bar (not shown) is assembled on the base 3 in which the discarded concrete is cast on the laid gravel, in accordance with the concrete structure 5A.
Then, a concrete formwork panel 1A is combined so as to surround the reinforcing bar to form a formwork. At this time, when joining the adjacent concrete casting formwork panels 1A, the surface-side convex connecting portions 1c and the surface-side concave connecting portions 1d at the edges are overlapped and arranged, and are joined by an adhesive or a joining member. . The concrete 4 is driven between the formwork connected in this way. The poured concrete 4 is filled from below along the formwork, and flows into the through hole 2A from the engaging opening 2Aa of the concrete placing formwork panel 1A. At this time, since the engagement opening 2Aa is formed relatively large, the concrete 4 easily flows in. The concrete 4 flowing into the through hole 2A stops at an appropriate position due to the gradually decreasing inner diameter of the through hole 2A and its viscosity. Thereafter, the concrete 4 is cured and hardened in that state. When the concrete 4 hardens in the formwork by the concrete casting formwork panel 1A, the concrete 4
Penetrates from the engagement opening 2Aa into the through hole 2A, so that the concrete casting form panel 1A is firmly joined to the concrete structure 5A. Thereby, the concrete casting form panel 1A is fixed to the concrete 4, and the outer surface thereof can be protected from the snow and the like. The larger the opening diameter of the engagement opening 2Aa or the greater the number of the through holes 2A, the larger the engagement area and the higher the bonding strength between them. When the concrete 4 is driven into the formwork, air bubbles may be generated therein, but such air bubbles are removed from the through holes 2A. When bubbles are found through the transparent concrete casting form panel 1A, the bubbles may be removed by forcibly guiding the bubbles to the through-hole 2A by applying vibration or impact. When the concrete 4 is sufficiently cured and completely hardened, the concrete casting formwork panel 1A is left without being removed. Thus, while the concrete structure 5A is protected by the acrylic resin panel, the state of the concrete 4 inside can be visually checked, and cracks and peeling of the concrete 4 due to aging can be found. In addition, since the through hole 2A formed for removing air bubbles is formed with the waterproof inclined hole 2Ac, water does not easily enter from the outside, and damage due to rainwater or the like is suppressed. Therefore, according to the first embodiment, since the engagement opening 2Aa and the concrete 4 are firmly engaged with each other, the joining force between the concrete 4 that has been cast and the concrete casting form panel 1A is increased. Thus, even after the concrete 4 has hardened, the transparent concrete casting formwork panel 1A can be safely left. Thereby, it is possible to protect the concrete 4 from the weather and the snow and suppress the deterioration, and to enhance the waterproof effect to improve the durability of the concrete 4. In addition to being able to visually recognize the voids and gravel exposed in the concrete 4 at the time of casting, it is also possible to visually recognize cracks and defects in the concrete 4 due to aging even after hardening. Even if the concrete 4 comes off, it is received by the concrete casting form panel 1A. Further, a concrete casting formwork panel 1
Since there is no need to remove A, the number of work steps can be reduced as compared with the related art, and the cost can be reduced. Also, even if it is placed as it is, the joint between the concrete casting form panels 1A is formed in a shape that does not easily shift in the thickness direction even when subjected to internal pressure or external pressure. Safety can be ensured, and transparency can be ensured because the boundary portion is formed in a planar shape. Next, a second embodiment of the concrete casting formwork panel 1B according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the first of the configurations of the second embodiment
Components that are the same as or correspond to the components described in the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated. In the concrete pouring form panel 1A of the first embodiment described above, the entire through-hole 2A has an inclined surface whose diameter gradually decreases from the engaging opening 2Aa to the bubble removing opening 2Ab. Is formed. On the other hand, the feature of the concrete casting formwork panel 1B of the second embodiment is, as shown in FIG.
Is formed as a plane perpendicular to the concrete casting surface 1a without inclining outward and downward. In other words, when using the concrete casting formwork panel 1B as a formwork,
The engagement opening 2Ba of the through hole 2B is formed so as to face in the horizontal direction. Therefore, according to the second embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the concrete 4
When flows into the through-hole 2B, it temporarily stays in the engagement opening 2Ba, and it is possible to more effectively prevent the concrete 4 in a high fluidity state from leaking out from the through-hole 2B. Next, a third embodiment of a concrete casting form panel 1C according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the first of the configurations of the third embodiment.
Components that are the same as or correspond to the components described in the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated. As shown in FIG. 7, the feature of the concrete pouring form panel 1C of the third embodiment is that the concrete pouring form panel 2Cc in the route of the through-hole 2C is smaller than the waterproof inclined hole 2Cc.
The point is that a concrete outflow preventing inclined hole 2Cd is formed on the installation surface side, the entire inner peripheral surface of which is inclined outward and upward from the concrete casting surface 1a side toward the outer surface 1b side. It is considered that the concrete outflow preventing inclined hole 2Cd can exert its function and effect if it is formed somewhere along the entire path of the through hole 2C. However, in the third embodiment,
The most effective and easy to manufacture position, the engagement opening 2
It is formed at a position communicating with Ca. This allows
The through-hole 2C is formed to have a mountain-shaped cross section, the inside concrete 4 is hard to flow out, and the outside rainwater and the like are hard to enter. Therefore, according to the third embodiment, in addition to the effect of the first embodiment, the concrete outflow preventing inclined hole 2Cd is formed to be inclined upward and outward.
It is possible to prevent the concrete 4 in a high fluidity state flowing into the through hole 2C from flowing out of the concrete casting formwork panel 1C. Next, a fourth embodiment of a concrete casting form panel 1D according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the first of the configurations of the fourth embodiment.
Components that are the same as or correspond to the components described in the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated. The feature of the concrete pouring form panel 1D of the fourth embodiment is that the through hole 2A is provided as in the first embodiment.
Is not formed, but the concrete casting surface 1a
Is formed with a bottomed engagement hole 6. The shape of the engagement hole 6 is not particularly limited. However, in consideration of the engagement with the concrete 4, a shape that increases the frictional force, such as a screw hole, is preferable. According to the fourth embodiment, when the concrete 4 penetrates into the engagement hole 6 and is hardened, the two are firmly engaged with each other. Therefore, the concrete structure 5D is connected to the concrete casting form panel 1D. Thus, it is possible to protect from the rain and the snow, and the improvement of the waterproof effect can suppress the deterioration of the concrete and the reinforcing steel. Next, a fifth embodiment of a concrete casting formwork panel 1E according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. It should be noted that the first of the configurations of the fifth embodiment.
Components that are the same as or correspond to the components described in the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated. The feature of the concrete casting formwork panel 1E of the fifth embodiment is that a projection-like engaging projection 7 is formed on the concrete casting surface 1a. The engaging projections 7 enter the concrete 4 to be cast and engage with them. The shape may be any shape that can be firmly engaged with the concrete 4 after hardening.
In the embodiment, it is formed in the shape of a bent claw, and is integrally joined to the concrete 4 so that it cannot easily come off. Unlike the formation of the engagement hole 6, the engagement projection 7 can be formed in a complicated shape, so that the joining force to the concrete structure 5E can be considerably increased. Therefore, according to the fifth embodiment, since the engaging projections 7 and the concrete 4 are firmly engaged, the concrete structure 5E is protected from the rain and the snow by the concrete casting form panel 1E. And the deterioration of concrete and reinforcing steel can be suppressed by improving the waterproofing effect. The formwork panel for placing concrete according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be appropriately changed. For example, in the above-described first to third embodiments, the waterproof inclined hole 2 is provided in order to prevent moisture from entering the inside from the bubble removing openings 2Ab, 2Bb, 2Cb.
Ac, 2Bc and 2Cc are formed. However,
What is necessary is just a structure which can be ventilated and which prevents penetration of moisture.
Therefore, the porous film which has air permeability but does not allow liquid to permeate is used to remove the air bubbles removing openings 2Ab, 2Bb,
It may be attached to 2Cb. According to this, the through-holes 2A, 2B, 2C are formed as in the case of molding the ceiling of the tunnel.
Even when the concrete casting form panels 1A, 1B, 1C are used in a state where the concrete faces in the vertical direction, it is possible to prevent the unhardened concrete from leaking. The engaging holes 6 and the engaging projections 7 may be further formed on the concrete casting formwork panels 1A, 1B, 1C of the first to third embodiments described above. Thereby, the joining force between the concrete 4 and the concrete casting form panels 1A, 1B, 1C is increased. As described above, according to the present invention, a transparent or translucent formwork can be formed even after the concrete has hardened by increasing the joining force between the cast concrete and the formwork panel. The panel itself can be safely left behind, and it is possible to cope with the exposure of the voids and gravel generated in the concrete at the time of casting, as well as to prevent the concrete from falling off due to aging even after hardening, Cracks and defects can be visually recognized, and the concrete can be protected from wind and rain and snow and wind to suppress deterioration and enhance the waterproof effect to improve the durability of the concrete.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a concrete casting formwork panel according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 as viewed from the right side. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion between adjacent concrete placing form panels in the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another variation of the joint portion with the adjacent concrete casting form panel in the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where concrete is poured into the formwork using the concrete formwork panel of the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which concrete is cast in a formwork using the concrete formwork panel according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which concrete is cast in a formwork using a third embodiment of a concrete formwork panel according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which concrete is cast into a formwork using a concrete formwork panel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which concrete is cast into a formwork using a fifth embodiment of the concrete formwork panel according to the present invention. [Description of Signs] 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E Concrete casting formwork panel 1a Concrete casting surface 1b Outer surface 1c Surface convex connection 1d Surface concave connection 1e Acute convex connection 1f Acute angle Recessed connecting portions 2A, 2B, 2C Through holes 2Aa, 2Ba, 2Ca Engagement openings 2Ab, 2Bb, 2Cb Bubble removal openings 2Ac, 2Bc, 2Cc Waterproof inclined hole 2Cd Concrete outflow inclined hole 3 Base 4 Concrete 5A , 5B, 5C, 5D, 5E Concrete structure 6 Engagement hole 7 Engagement projection

Claims (1)

(1) A transparent or translucent formwork panel used for a formwork for casting concrete to form a concrete structure, the formwork panel comprising: A through-hole penetrating from the concrete casting surface to the outer surface in the thickness direction is formed, and an opening of the through-hole on the concrete casting surface side is an engagement hole into which the poured concrete enters and engages. together are an opening, said the inner outer surface side of the path of the through hole, waterproof inclined hole that the entire inner peripheral surface to prevent ingress of inclined outward downward water is formed, the waterproof Than the inclined hole for
On the cleat casting surface side, the entire inner peripheral surface
Concrete flow that inclines to prevent concrete outflow
A formwork panel for placing concrete, characterized in that an inclined hole for preventing outflow is formed.