JP3489275B2 - Hardness tester - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of forming an indentation on a test piece so as to sandwich the test piece between an indenter and a mounting table, and moving the test piece. And a hardness meter typified by a Vickers hardness meter capable of measuring hardness at a plurality of measurement points on a test piece. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally known Vickers hardness testers measure the Vickers hardness, Knoop hardness, and the like of a test piece, and apply a test load to the test piece to form an indentation on the surface thereof. An indenter to be formed, a mounting table which is arranged opposite to the indenter and mounts the test piece, and an XY stage (moving mechanism) which sequentially moves the test piece to form indentations at a plurality of measurement points on the test piece. A length measuring unit having an objective lens such as a 50 × objective lens and a 10 × objective lens for observing a test piece, and one of the objective lens and the indenter
And a revolver (switching mechanism) for switching one of them to face the measurement point. The length measuring unit is provided with an eyepiece lens for an operator to observe an enlarged test piece image transmitted through the objective lens, or a monitor for displaying the test piece image enlarged by the objective lens. Further, the length measuring unit may be provided with a photographing camera for photographing a test piece on which an indent is formed and recording the photographed specimen on a film. In such a hardness tester, an indentation is formed on a test piece by an indenter, and the hardness of the test piece is measured by the depth of the indentation. Must be set on the test piece. In this case, the revolver is rotated to switch between the indenter and the objective lens, and the operator performing the test performs the test by looking at the eyepiece or the enlarged monitor and directly observing the entire image of the test piece by the moving mechanism. The measurement point was set by moving the piece. On the other hand, in order to efficiently measure the hardness of a test piece in a hardness tester, the test piece is automatically replaced.
In addition, it has been proposed to automatically move a test piece to measure hardness at a plurality of measurement points on the test piece. When the hardness test is automatically performed as described above, a monitor is installed at a position away from the hardness meter in order to remotely operate the hardness meter. This allows the operator to observe only the test results without operating the hardness tester, thereby improving the test efficiency. [0005] Even when the hardness tester is remotely controlled as described above, it is necessary to set a measurement point on the test piece. It cannot be observed directly. For this reason, the operator must go to the position where the hardness tester is installed in order to directly observe the test piece, so that the measurement point cannot be set efficiently. [0006] Also, when manually operating the hardness tester,
The operator needs to set measurement points while alternately observing the test piece and the eyepiece or the monitor, which is extremely complicated. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to efficiently set measurement points when remotely operating a hardness meter, and to reduce the burden on an operator even when manually operating the hardness meter. An object of the present invention is to provide a hardness tester. [0008] Referring to Figs. 1 to 4 showing an embodiment, a hardness tester according to the present invention applies a test load to a test piece T and forms an indentation on the surface thereof. 4C, a mounting table 2 which is arranged opposite to the indenter 4C and mounts the test piece T, and a test piece T provided on the mounting table 2
A moving mechanism 3 for moving the test piece T in order to form indentations at the plurality of measurement points above, a length measuring unit 6 having at least one objective lens 4A, 4B for observing the test piece T,
Reflects the specimen image not passing through the objective lens to the side of the specimen
Reflecting means 4D and at least one objective lens 4
A, 4B, indenter 4C, and reflecting means 4D and is provided, any one of the switching mechanism 4 for switching so as to face the measuring point, for imaging a specimen image reflected by the reflection means 4D It is characterized by further comprising an image pickup means 7 and a display means 8 for displaying a test piece image picked up by the image pickup means 7 as a visible image. The image of the test piece T set on the moving mechanism 3 is reflected by the reflection means 4D provided in the switching mechanism 4 so as to be switchable.
Is reflected to the side. This reflected image is picked up by the image pickup means 7 and displayed on the display means 8. Therefore, the display unit 8 displays the same image as when the test piece T is directly observed. In the means and means for solving the above problems which explain the constitution of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments are used for easy understanding of the present invention. It is not limited. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hardness tester includes a tester main body 1, a mounting table 2 on which a test piece T is mounted, and indentations at a plurality of measurement points on the test piece T provided on the mounting table 2. An XY stage 3 for moving the test piece T in the X direction (direction traversing the paper surface to the left and right) and the Y direction (direction perpendicular to the paper surface) to form the objective lens 4A, a 50 × objective lens 4A, and a 10 × objective lens 4B, an indenter 4C for forming an indentation on the test piece T, and a revolver 4 provided to be able to switch the rotation of a mirror 4D to be described later, a load mechanism 5 for applying a load to the indenter 4C, and the test piece T are observed. Measuring unit 6 provided with an eyepiece 20 for measuring, a monitor camera 7 for photographing the test piece T, a photographing camera 9 for photographing an enlarged image of the test piece T, and photographing on the monitor camera 7 The image of the test piece T and the photographing camera 9 An enlarged image of the captured specimen T consisting monitor 8 which displays a visible image. The XY stage 3 is provided with micrometers 3A and 3B for feeding the test piece T in the X and Y directions. The XY stage 3 is raised and lowered by a lifting handle 31. When the hardness tester is remotely operated to automatically perform the hardness test, the monitor 8 is provided at a position away from the hardness tester. As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the revolver 4 has a 50-times objective lens 4A, a 10-times objective lens 4B, an indenter 4C, and a mirror 4D with knobs 4E and 4F around an axis l. It is provided so that it can be switched by rotating it. When the 50 × objective lens 4A, the 10 × objective lens 4B, the indenter 4C, and the mirror 4D are switched on the optical axis, the respective functions are performed. That is, when the 50 × objective lens 4A or the 10 × objective lens 4B is switched on the optical axis, an enlarged image of the test piece T can be observed from the eyepiece 20 or the monitor 8. On the other hand, when the indenter 4C is switched on the optical axis, a load is applied to the indenter 4C by the load mechanism 5. As shown in FIG. 3, the load mechanism 5 is provided with a plurality of weights W. By changing the number of the weights W, the point O
Various load loads act on the indenter 4C due to the lever action centered on, thereby forming an indentation on the test piece T. When the hardness meter is manually operated, the hardness of the test piece T can be measured by observing an enlarged image of the test piece T from the eyepiece 20 and calculating the depth from the shape of the indentation. When the hardness meter is remotely operated, the hardness can be measured in the same manner as in the manual operation by observing an enlarged image of the test piece T displayed on the monitor 8. In either case of manual operation or remote operation, the hardness of the impression may be automatically measured by detecting the shape of the indentation by performing image processing on the video signal of the camera 9. As shown in FIG. 4, the optical system of the length measuring unit 6 for observing an enlarged image of the test piece T comprises three optical systems: an illumination optical system, an observation optical system, and a photographing optical system. It is provided in the tester main body 1. The light emitted from the light source 30 passes through the collector lens 11 and the field lens 12, passes through the aperture 13 provided with a green filter, the field stop 14, and the attachment lens 15, and is reflected by the half mirror 16. Half mirror 1
The light reflected by 6 passes through a cylindrical central axis 17 and is switched by the revolver 4 in the objective lenses 4A, 4A.
After passing through B, an image is formed on the test piece T as a green spot light. The above is the description of the illumination optical system. On the other hand, the luminous flux from the test piece T passes through the central axis 17 and passes through the half mirror 16 to enter the prism 18, and travels to the optical path toward the eyepiece 20 and the photographing camera 9 for photographing the test piece T. It is decomposed into an optical path. The light beam traveling toward the eyepiece 20 enters the eyepiece 20 through a scale 19 for measuring an indentation, and is provided for observation. The light beam heading for the camera 9 passes through the lens 21 and enters the camera 9, and is displayed on the monitor 8 as a visible image. The above is the description of the observation optical system and the imaging optical system. In such a hardness tester, when the hardness tester is remotely operated to automatically perform a hardness test, it is necessary to set a measurement point on the test piece T. However, when the hardness tester is remotely operated, The specimen T cannot be observed directly,
Since it is necessary to go to the position where the hardness tester is installed and observe the test piece T in order to set the measurement point, the measurement point cannot be set efficiently. The present invention has been made in view of this point. The mirror 4D reflects the image of the test piece T to the side of the test piece T, and the monitor camera 7 captures the reflected image of the test piece. It was made. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the revolver 4 is first rotated to switch the mirror 4D on the optical axis. Thus, the image of the test piece T is reflected by the mirror 4D and is incident on the monitor camera 7, and the reflected image of the test piece T incident on the monitor camera 7 is displayed on the monitor 8 as a visible image. In this case, the test piece T photographed by the monitor camera 7
Is not magnified at all, an image over a relatively wide range of the test piece T is displayed on the monitor 8 in the same manner as when the test piece T is directly observed. The position of light can be confirmed as a measurement point. Then, the operator rotates the revolver 4 to switch between the mirror 4D and the objective lenses 4A and 4B, so that an enlarged image of the test piece T and a reflection image similar to that in the case of direct observation are alternately displayed on the monitor 8. For this reason, by switching the revolver 4, the operator can alternately observe the reflection image of the test piece and the magnified image on the monitor 8 as in the case of directly observing, thereby directly observing the test piece. Measurement points can be set on the test piece T. In the case of remote control, the revolver 4 and the stage 3
Is configured to be remotely controllable. When operating the hardness tester manually, the operator only has to manually switch the revolver 4 and observe the reflection image and the enlarged image of the test piece T displayed on the monitor 8. Since it is not necessary to alternately observe the eyepiece 20 or the monitor 8, the burden on the operator is reduced. In the above-described embodiment, the mirror 4D is provided on the revolver 4 so that the image of the test piece T is reflected by the mirror 4D and imaged by the monitor camera 7. A 1 × objective lens is provided, the revolver 4 is switched, and the image of the test piece T displayed on the monitor 8 via the 1 × objective lens and the monitor 8 via the 50 × or 10 × objective lenses 4A and 4B.
The measurement points may be set by alternately observing the enlarged images of the test pieces T displayed in the above. However, the case where the image of the test piece is reflected by the mirror 4D and photographed by the monitor camera 7 is more preferable because the reflected image of the test piece T over a wide range can be displayed on the monitor 8. In the above embodiment, the indenter 4C and the objective lenses 4A, 4B are switched so as to face the measurement point by rotating the revolver 4, but the indenter 4C and the objective lenses 4A, 4B are linearly connected. May be arranged so as to slide and switch to face the measurement point. Further, in the above embodiment, the monitor 8
Displays both the image of the test piece T and the enlarged image. However, two monitors 8 are provided, a reflection image of the test piece is displayed on one monitor, and the enlarged image of the test piece T is displayed on the other monitor. The measurement point may be set while displaying an image and observing the two monitors alternately. In correspondence between the above embodiment and the claims,
The XY stage 3 constitutes a moving mechanism, the revolver 4 constitutes a switching mechanism, the mirror 4D constitutes a reflection means, the monitor camera 7 constitutes an image pickup means, and the monitor 8 constitutes a display means. As described above in detail, the hardness tester according to the present invention reflects the image of the test piece by the reflection means provided in the switching means so as to be switchable with the objective lens and the indenter. due to be displayed on the display means by imaging by the imaging means a reflection image, the operator switches the switching mechanism, an enlarged image of the test piece through the reflected image and the objective lens of the reflected test piece by the reflecting means It can be observed alternately. This allows an enlarged image to be displayed when operating the hardness tester remotely.
By displaying the information on the indicating means, the measurement point can be easily set. Further, even when operating a hardness meter manually, the operator by switching the switching mechanism, alternately an enlarged image of the test piece through the reflected image and the objective lens of the reflected test piece by the reflecting means Since the observation can be performed, the trouble of alternately observing the test piece and the enlarged image is eliminated, and the burden on the operator can be reduced. Further, a load mechanism for applying a load to the length measuring unit and the indenter is provided at the upper part of the hardness meter, but the image of the test piece is reflected to the side of the hardness meter by the reflection means. There is no need to worry about the installation location.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a hardness tester according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a revolver of the hardness tester in FIG.
(A) is a front view, (b) is a view showing the arrangement of an indenter, an objective lens and a mirror. [FIG. 3] is a view showing a load mechanism of the hardness meter of FIG. [Description of Signs] 1 Tester main body 2 Mounting table 3 XY stage 4 Revolver 4A, 4B Objective lens 4C Indenter 4D Mirror 5 Load mechanism 6 Length measuring unit 7 Monitor camera 8 Monitor 9 Photo camera 20 Eyepiece T test Piece

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-195339 (JP, A) JP-A-5-223719 (JP, A) JP-A-51-8986 (JP, A) 5790 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 62-128351 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-34303 (JP, Y1) Tokio Table 2-504318 (JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01N 3/00-3/62 JICST file (JOIS)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] An indenter which applies a test load to a test piece to form an indentation on the surface thereof, a mounting table which is arranged opposite to the indenter and mounts the test piece, A length measuring unit provided on the mounting table and having a moving mechanism for moving the test piece to form indentations at a plurality of measurement points on the test piece, and having at least one objective lens for observing the test piece. A test piece image that does not pass through the objective lens to the side of the test piece.
A reflecting means for reflecting the at least one objective lens, the indenter, and before
Serial reflecting means is provided, a switching mechanism for switching the one so as to face the measuring point, imaging means for imaging the specimen image reflected by the front Symbol reflecting means, by the imaging means Display means for displaying the image of the taken test piece as a visible image.