JP3489199B2 - Manufacturing method of flame retardant fabric - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a flame-retardant fabric obtained by using a flame-retardant polyester fiber, which requires flame retardancy and does not generate harmful gas during combustion. It is preferably used as a screen for covering a window of a required field, for example, a railroad car, an automobile, a building or the like to reduce the amount of transmission of incident light rays, and for interior decoration of a house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A woven fabric composed of monofilament of vinylidene chloride fiber is known as a screen for covering a window for a railway vehicle to reduce the amount of incident light. However, since this woven screen cannot impart an arbitrary color after weaving due to the characteristics of vinylidene chloride fiber, in order to impart a color to the above screen, the pigment is kneaded at the stage of melt spinning from the vinylidene chloride polymer. It is inevitable to use the first-dip method, and therefore the design must be composed of several colors as the basic colors, and the lightness and saturation of the color is reduced because it is the first-difference method. Could not meet the requirements of.

Further, it is known to use a woven fabric made of glass fiber, but it is almost impossible in industrial production to color an arbitrary amount in an arbitrary color at the production stage of glass fiber. In this case as well, it was extremely difficult to provide a screen with an arbitrary amount and color desired by an individual user as described above. Therefore, a glass fiber bundle or a glass fiber woven fabric is coated with a vinyl chloride resin containing a pigment, but there is a problem in that it is restricted by design.

Moreover, there is a problem of combustion gas in common with the screen using vinylidene chloride fiber and glass fiber. That is, in the case of a vehicle fire, there are chlorine molecules in the vinylidene chloride fiber made of vinylidin chloride fiber, and in the glass fiber made of vinyl chloride resin which is the coating agent. , The most toxic hydrogen chloride gas in the human body. Therefore, particularly in subway vehicles and vehicles for sections with many tunnels, there is a demand for a material with higher safety for screens.

On the other hand, as the flame-retardant fiber which does not generate hydrogen chloride gas, a flame-retardant polyester fiber obtained by copolymerizing a phosphorus compound with polyester is disclosed in JP-B-53-1.
It is known from Japanese Patent No. 3479 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-41610. Further, a flame-retardant polyester fiber obtained by mixing a polyester with a phosphorus compound or a bromine compound and spinning, and a flame-retardant polyester fiber obtained by further adding a phosphorus compound or a bromine compound to an ordinary polyester fiber by post-processing are Are known. However, while these flame-retardant polyester fibers do not generate toxic hydrogen chloride gas, the fabrics obtained by ordinary refining, dyeing, and finishing have poor rigidity, and are unsuitable for the above-mentioned railroad screens. Was said.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A first aspect of the present invention provides a flame-retardant polyester fiber, which has not been conventionally used as a screen for a railroad vehicle, with rigidity so that an arbitrary design can be performed with an arbitrary color after weaving and weaving. A fabric that can be added and has excellent flame retardancy, and does not generate harmful gases such as hydrogen chloride gas and hydrogen cyanide gas during combustion, and is suitable as a screen for railroad cars and for interiors of buildings, It is intended to provide a method for producing a flame-retardant fabric made of a knit, a non-woven fabric or the like. The second invention
Has excellent heat ray reflectivity in addition to the characteristics of the first invention.
It provides a flame retardant fabric.

[0007]

A first aspect of the present invention comprises at least 50% by weight of a flame-retardant polyester fiber having a combustion oxygen index (LOI value) of 26 to 30 , and a dry heat shrinkage ratio of 10.
Manufacture fabric with ~ 50% polyester fiber ,
This fabric is expanded using a pin tenter, and the amount of shrinkage in the length and width directions is calculated by the dry heat shrinkage.
After heat treatment in the state of being regulated to 30% or less of the rate ,
Similarly, scouring, dyeing, drying, etc. are performed in the spread state, and shrinkage in the length direction and width direction is performed again using a pin tenter.
Heat treatment is performed while the amount is regulated to 30% or less of the dry heat shrinkage ratio, and the entanglement points of the polyester fibers are adjusted so that the entanglement points of the fibers are
A method for producing a flame-retardant fabric, characterized in that the fabric is rigidly tightened with a compressive stress, and heat-fixed in that state to impart rigidity to the fabric.

The flame retardancy referred to in the present invention means JIS
According to K7201 "Combustion test method for polymer materials by oxygen index method", it has a combustion oxygen index (LOI value) of 26 or more. Moreover, what has flame retardancy has the flameproof performance more than the flameproof performance test standard value of the flameproof article (curtain) prescribed by the Cabinet Order of the Fire Defense Law (Law No. 186 of July 24, 1948). Say something.

The combustion oxygen index (LOI) used in the present invention
The flame retardant polyester fibers having a value of 26 to 32 are the same as those disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 53-13479 and 55-41610.
As described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 1989-242, it is obtained by copolymerizing polyester with a phosphorus compound and spinning this. Also,
It can be produced by mixing a polyester with a phosphorus compound or a bromine compound and spinning the mixture. Further, it can be produced by adding a phosphorus compound, a bromine compound or the like to a usual polyester fiber by post-processing.

In the present invention, a fabric such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric or a non-woven fabric may be produced by using only the above-mentioned flame-retardant polyester fiber. However, polyester fiber made of other known synthetic polymer and its modification The fibers can be mixed in the form of mixed spinning, mixed fiber, ply twist, mixed knitting or the like regardless of the fiber shape, fiber characteristics and processing characteristics. However, the total amount of the flame-retardant polyester fibers used is 50
It is necessary that the content of the flame-retardant polyester fiber is not less than 50%, and if the amount of the flame-retardant polyester fiber used is less than 50%, desired flame retardancy cannot be obtained.

The shrinkage ratio of the above flame-retardant polyester fiber and other polyester fibers mixed with it is 1
A dry heat shrinkage rate of 60 ° C. and a treatment time of 30 minutes is preferably 10 to 50%. The form of the fiber may be staple or filament, and the type of fabric may be woven, knitted, or non-woven fabric. However, in order to obtain a rigid fabric by heat treatment, the dry heat shrinkage ratio is 10 or more.
Most preferred is lace knitting using -50% polyester fiber filament yarn.

In the present invention, it is necessary to perform scouring and other processing after weaving and knitting in a spread state. For the scouring, a spreading type continuous scouring machine is used, and for dyeing, a beam dyeing machine or a Jigger dyeing machine is used. Preference is given to the use and the use of pintenters for heat setting. Then, in order to impart rigidity by heat setting, the shrinkage regulation width in heat setting is set to 70% or more with respect to the dry heat shrinkage ratio of the constituent fibers of the fabric, in other words, the length of the fabric. The shrinkage amount in the width direction and the width direction is restricted to 30% or less of the dry heat shrinkage ratio. The heat setting conditions are dry heat of 150 to
It is preferably 10 seconds to 180 seconds at 220 ° C.

A second invention is the same as the first invention,
A method for producing a flame-retardant fabric is characterized in that a metal film is formed on the fabric after the heat treatment by sputtering. This sputtering process causes glow discharge between the anode and the cathode in an atmosphere of low-pressure argon gas, causes the ions dissociated from the argon gas to collide with the cathode, and knocks out the constituent metal of the cathode to scatter it, In the present invention, a metal such as aluminum, titanium or stainless steel is used for the cathode. The thickness of the thin film formed of the adhered metal is preferably 200 to 2000Å.

[0014]

In the first invention, the combustion oxygen index (LOI value) is 2
Since a polyester fiber fabric containing at least 50% by weight of 6 to 30 flame-retardant polyester fibers is used, a flame-retardant fabric defined by the Fire Service Law can be obtained. Then, after being subjected to treatments such as scouring, drying, heat setting, dyeing and drying in the spread state, heat setting is performed again. In the heat setting, since the heat treatment is performed in a state in which the shrinkage in the length direction and the width direction is regulated, the entanglement points of the polyester fibers having thermoplasticity are strongly tightened by the shrinkage stress of the fibers, and the fibers are thermally fixed in that state. Therefore, rigidity is given to the fabric.

However, when the dry heat shrinkage of the polyester fibers constituting the fabric is less than 10% and when the widthwise shrinkage of the fabric during the heat treatment exceeds 30% of the dry heat shrinkage. However, the shrinkage stress described above is insufficient and the desired rigidity cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the dry heat shrinkage ratio exceeds 50%, the polymer alignment is disturbed and the fiber strength is reduced. In addition, when the treatment temperature during the heat treatment is less than 150 ° C. or the treatment time is less than 10 seconds, sufficient tension cannot be obtained, and the treatment temperature exceeds 220 ° C. If it exceeds 180 seconds, the polyester fibers will be in a melt-glued state and the strength of the fabric will be reduced, which is not preferable.

In the second aspect of the present invention, since the metal thin film is formed on the flame-retardant fabric obtained in the first aspect of the invention by sputtering, heat-ray shielding property, electromagnetic wave shielding property and antistatic property can be applied to the flame-retardant fabric. And other functions are added.

[0017]

[Example] As a polyester fiber, phosphorus element 600
Flame-retardant polyester fiber containing 0 ppm (LOI value 2
8. Multifilament yarn (15% dry heat shrinkage)
Russell mesh knitted fabric A (weight per unit area: 300 g / m ² , width: 100) using 0 denier / 30 filaments only
cm) was knitted and wound on a tubular core. In addition, the multi-filament yarn (150 denier / 30 filaments) of the above flame-retardant polyester fiber (LOI value 28)
And regular polyester fiber (dry heat shrinkage of 20
%) Multifilament yarns (150 denier / 30 filaments) were arranged alternately, and the knitted fabric B was knitted in the same manner as above except that the mixing ratio thereof was 50%, and was wound in the same manner. In addition, regular polyester fiber (dry heat shrinkage 20%) multifilament yarn (150 denier / 3
The knitted fabric C was knitted in the same manner as above except that only 0 filament) was used, and was wound in the same manner.

The above knitted fabric A, knitted fabric B and knitted fabric C are respectively drawn out from the tube winding, passed through an open soaper in a spread form and subjected to usual scouring and drying, and then a pin tenter is used to set the set width. Is 98 cm, 95 cm, 9
Heat setting of 4 levels of 0 cm and 80 cm is performed. In other words, the widthwise shrinkage of the knitted fabric is 10 times the dry heat shrinkage of the fiber used.
%, 25%, 50%, and 100%, and set processing is performed for 60 seconds at 180 ° C. in dry heat. Then, using a high-pressure Jigger dyeing machine, dye with a disperse dye, dry it with a cylinder dryer, and then use a pin tenter to perform reheat set processing at dry heat 160 ° C for 60 seconds, and set the hardness after setting. The evaluation of the rigidity of the vehicle screen and the evaluation of flame retardancy by the flameproof performance test method stipulated in the Fire Service Law were conducted. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0019]                                 Table 1   Sample number Knitted fabric Set width (cm) Hardness after set Stiffness evaluation Flameproof performance test     1 A 98 Very hard, favorable Pass     2 A 95 Hard Good Pass     3 A 90 Inadequate without tension Pass     4 A 80 Soft Inappropriate Pass     5 B 98 Very hard Good pass     6 B 95 Hard Good Pass     7 B 90 Not suitable without tension Pass     8 B 80 Soft Unsuitable Pass     9 C 98 Very hard Good fail   10 C 95 Hard Good Fail   11 C 90 No tension Not suitable   12 C 80 Soft Unsuitable Fail

As is clear from Table 1 above, sample numbers 1, 2, 5, 6 with set widths set to 98 cm and 95 cm,
9 and 10, that is, those of levels 1 and 2, knitted fabrics A, B,
In any of C, the hardness after setting was hard and the rigidity was suitable as a vehicle screen. On the other hand, sample numbers 3, 4, 7 with set widths set to 90 cm and 80 cm,
Nos. 8, 11, and 12, that is, those having levels 3 and 4, had a low hardness after setting in any of knitted fabrics A, B, and C,
The rigidity was unsuitable for vehicle screens. Also,
Sample numbers 1 to 8 using the knitted fabrics A and B all passed the flame retardancy test, but sample numbers 9 to 1 using the knitted fabric C
All 2 failed.

Next, a striped Russell lace is knitted using only the multi-filament yarn (150 denier / 30 filaments) of the flame-retardant polyester fiber (LOI value 28, dry heat shrinkage 20%) of the above-mentioned knitted fabric A. Then, under the same conditions as above, scouring, drying, heat setting, dyeing, drying,
Reheat setting was performed, and the heat setting was performed under the same conditions as in Level 1 above. After that, a stainless steel thin film having a thickness of 30 is sputtered on one side of the Russell lace.
Formed to 0Å. This processed fabric is attached to the window part of the railway vehicle so that the above-mentioned sputtering surface faces outward, while the unprocessed fabric before the above-mentioned sputtering process is attached to the above-mentioned vehicle and a temperature comparison test inside the vehicle is performed. As a result, the result obtained by using the sputtered cloth was lower by 2 to 3 ° C. at the relative temperature.

[0022]

According to the invention described in claim 1, a polyester fiber fabric containing at least 50% by weight of a flame-retardant polyester fiber having a combustion oxygen index (LOI value) of 26 to 30 is scoured and dried in a spread state. , Heat set, dyeing, drying, heat treatment, etc. are applied, and since the heat set is subjected to heat treatment in a state in which contraction in the length direction and the width direction is restricted, the above fabric is provided with rigidity, The fabric produced by this method has excellent flame retardancy, does not generate toxic gases such as hydrogen chloride gas and hydrogen cyanide gas even when forcedly combusted, and is rich in designability and has appropriate rigidity. It is suitable as a screen for railway vehicles or an interior article for buildings. Moreover, the messenger
The dry heat shrinkage rate of the fiber for use is 10 to 50%,
The shrinkage in the length and width of the fabric
Is it a method to limit the dry heat shrinkage ratio to 30% or less?
, A flame-retardant product fabric with excellent rigidity was obtained.
Be done.

Since the invention described in claim 2 is a method of forming a metal film by performing a sputtering process after the heat treatment in the invention described in claim 1, in addition to the above-mentioned flame retardancy and rigidity, Thus, various functions such as heat ray shielding property, electromagnetic wave shielding property and antistatic property can be added.

According to the invention described in claim 3, in the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the fabric is formed by lace knitting of multifilament yarns, so that the flame retardancy is particularly excellent in rigidity. The product fabric of is obtained.

[0025]

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) D06C 3/04

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A combustion oxygen index (LOI value) of 26 to 30.
A polyester fiber having a dry heat shrinkage of 10 to 50%, containing at least 50% by weight of the flame-retardant polyester fiber of
Manufacture a fabric and add pinten to this fabric
In open-width state using the coater, the amount of shrinkage of the length and width directions after performing heat treatment in a state of being restricted to 30% or less of the dry heat shrinkage ratio, also scoured in open width condition, dyeing, drying, etc. Treated, and again using a pin tenter, the shrinkage amount in the length direction and the width direction is 30% or less of the dry heat shrinkage ratio.
Polyester fiber mutual subjected to a heat treatment in a state where the regulations in
Tighten the entanglement point with the shrinkage stress of the fiber and heat it in that state.
A method for producing a flame-retardant fabric, which comprises fixing the fabric to provide rigidity to the fabric. 2. The method for producing a flame-retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein a metal film is formed on the fabric after the heat treatment by sputtering. 3. The method for producing a flame-retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is composed of lace knitting of multifilament yarn.