JP3488057B2 - Power supply for vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power supply device for a vehicle, in which a power supply unit and each load are connected by a power supply line, and power supply line opening / closing means provided on the power supply line is controlled to open / close each load. It is suitable for application to a vehicle power supply device that is configured to supply power appropriately.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional vehicle power supply device of this type is shown in FIG. The power line opening / closing means 1 uses an electromagnetic relay 2 as the power line opening / closing means. That is, in the vehicle power supply device 1, the fusible link 5 and the electromagnetic relay 2 are provided on the power supply line L1 that connects the battery 3 and the load 4, and the switch 6 is operated by a predetermined control unit (not shown). Is turned on to bring the coil 2A into an energized state to move the connecting plate 2B in the contact direction, thereby supplying the power source of the battery 3 to the load 4.

[0003]

However, in the vehicle power supply device using the electromagnetic relay 2 as described above, since a large amount of heat is generated from the coil 2A, for example, the power supply line L1 having a wire harness configuration is used. There is a drawback that adverse effects due to heat, such as a decrease in reliability of connection with the electromagnetic relay 2, occur. That is, since the wire harness is formed of an electric wire made of a conductive member and an insulating coating layer made of vinyl chloride or the like for covering the electric wire, when the heat of the electromagnetic relay 2 reaches the insulating coating layer, this heat causes the electromagnetic relay to reach the insulating relay layer. The insulating coating layer in the vicinity of 2 is deteriorated, and the reliability of the connection is lowered.

Further, when an abnormal current such as an intermittent short circuit (rare short) flows through the power line L1, unlike the case where the power line L1 is completely shorted (dead short), the fusible link 5 is not blown, so that an electromagnetic relay is provided. There is a problem that a large stress is applied to the electromagnetic relay 2 as compared with the case where a normal current flows through the second connection plate 2B, and the electromagnetic relay 2 deteriorates.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and a vehicle capable of highly reliable power supply by reducing heat generation and its deterioration from the power supply line opening / closing means provided on the power supply line. The present invention intends to propose a power supply device for use.

[0006]

A vehicle power supply device according to a first aspect of the present invention, which has been made in order to solve the above problems, has a power source unit 11 such as a battery and an alternator as shown in FIG. The loads 12A to 12X are connected to the power line L1.
The load 12A to the load 12A to
In the vehicle power supply device 10 configured to appropriately supply power to 12X, a first contact portion 14 connected to the power supply portion 11 and a second contact portion 15 connected to the loads 12A to 12X, will in the first and second conductive members slidably provided contact portions 14, 15 of the connection to the connected state when the person first and second contact portions 14, 15 pressure is applied A power supply line opening / closing means 13 having a sliding portion 17 that slides between a position and a shut-off position that is set to a shut-off state when pressure is not applied; and a piston for an engine or a pressurizing portion for driving an air suspension. A pressure generation unit 19 that is configured using a pressure generation unit that is installed in advance in a vehicle and that generates a predetermined atmospheric pressure or hydraulic pressure, and a pressure tank 22 that stores a predetermined atmospheric pressure or hydraulic pressure are always closed.
Valve and 2
4. Pressure applying means 23A for applying the pressure accumulated in the pressure tank 22 to the sliding portion 17 of the power line opening / closing means 13.
23B and the loads 12A to 12X from the power supply unit 11.
Flow of current to the solenoid when to cut off the power supply to
Then, the valve 24 is opened and accumulated in the pressure tank 22.
The applied pressure through the pressure applying means 23A, 23B
Control means 24 to 26 are provided for applying the voltage to the sliding portion 17 and moving the sliding portion 17 from the connection position to the cutoff position to control the opening of the power line opening / closing means 13.

In the above configuration, the power line opening / closing means 1
Opening motion work of 3, since is performed by the pressure applied to the sliding portion 17 of the power supply line opening and closing means 13, there is no heat generation, as seen in the coil of the conventional electromagnetic relay, capable of avoiding the problems caused by heat. The opening / closing operation of the power line opening / closing means 13 is
Not directly powered by battery, solenoid
Is opened and closed by driving the
Done with or without pressure
As a result, even if the battery voltage drops, it is possible to reliably operate the battery. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to newly provide a pressure generating means, and the pressure necessary for driving the sliding portion 17 is always accumulated in the pressure tank 22,
With a simple configuration, the opening operation of the power line opening / closing means 13 can be realized even when the operation of the pressure generating means 19 is stopped. Thus, reliable power supply can be performed.

[0008]

[0009]

[0010]

[0011]

[0012] The vehicle power supply device according to claim 2 made by the present invention, in addition to the first aspect, further, the abnormal current detected that the abnormal current flows in the power supply line L1 The detection means is provided, and the control means 24 to 26 are configured to control the opening of the power supply line opening / closing means 13 when the abnormal current detection means detects an abnormal current.

In the above structure, when an abnormal current due to a rare short circuit of the power supply line L1 flows in the power supply line L1,
This is detected by the abnormal current detection means, and the control means 24
Through 26, the power line opening / closing means 13 is turned off so that no current flows through the power line L1. As a result, further deterioration of the power supply line L1 is avoided. Incidentally, if an abnormal current due to a rare short circuit continues to flow in the power supply line L1, the insulating film of the power supply line L1 will generate heat and the power supply line L1 will deteriorate.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first aspect , the vehicle power supply device further includes temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the power supply line L1, and control means. 24 to 26 are power line opening / closing means 1 when the temperature detecting means detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
3 was controlled to be opened .

In the above configuration, when an abnormal current due to a rare short circuit of the power supply line L1 flows through the power supply line L1 and the insulating film of the power supply line L1 starts to generate heat, this is detected by the temperature detecting means, and this detection is performed. When the temperature becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the power line opening / closing means 13 is controlled by the control means 24 to 26.
Is cut off and no current flows through the power supply line L1. As a result, further deterioration of the power supply line L1 is avoided.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle power supply device further comprising the first or second contact portion 1 in addition to the structure of any one of the first to fourth aspects.
The temperature detecting means 27 for detecting the temperatures of 4 and 15 is provided, and the control means 24 to 26, when the temperature detecting means 27 detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the power line opening / closing means 13 is provided.
Was controlled to open .

In the above structure, when an abnormal current due to a rare short circuit or the like of the power supply line L1 flows in the power supply line L1, the temperatures of the first and second contact portions 14, 15 rise. When the temperature detection means 27 detects the temperature rise of the first or second contact portions 14 and 15, and the detected temperature exceeds a predetermined value, the control means 24 to 26 cause the power line opening / closing means 13 to operate.
Is cut off and no current flows through the power supply line L1. As a result, further deterioration of the power supply line L1 is avoided. Further, by detecting the temperature of the first or second contact portions 14 and 15, for example, compared with the case of detecting the temperature of the power supply line L1, the temperature detection area is small, and the configuration is simple. Can be converted.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle power supply device in which the temperature fuse 27 is used as the temperature detecting means.

As a result, the control means 24 to 26 can easily detect the presence or absence of melting of the thermal fuse 27 to easily supply the power line L.
It becomes possible to detect whether or not an abnormal current due to a rare short circuit or the like is flowing in 1.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect , the vehicle power supply device according to the sixth aspect further includes :
Further comprising a collision detecting means 28 for detecting a collision of the vehicle, the control means 24 to 26, when a collision by the collision detecting means 28 is detected, the power supply line opening and closing means 13 open system <br/> Gosuru as I chose

In the above construction, the power supply line opening / closing means 13 can be opened and the power supply to the loads 12A to 12X can be stopped with almost no current flowing in the event of a vehicle collision.
It is possible to effectively avoid ignition due to leaked gasoline.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a vehicle power supply device as a whole, which includes a battery 11 and loads 12A to 12X.
A power supply line opening / closing means 13 that appropriately supplies power to the loads 12A to 12X by providing the power supply line L1 in a closed state or an open state is provided on the power supply line L1 that connects to and.

The power supply line opening / closing means 13 has a first contact portion 14 connected to the battery 11 and a second contact portion 15 connected to the load 12. First and second contact points 1
Both 4 and 15 are annular conductive members and are fixed in the pressure introducing pipe 16 at a predetermined interval.

Further, the power line opening / closing means 13 includes the first and second
It has a sliding portion 17 made of a cylindrical conductive member that slides in the center holes of the contact portions 14 and 15. The sliding part 17 has a connection position for connecting the first and second contact parts 14, 15 as shown in the drawing and a disconnection for disconnecting the first and second contact parts 14, 15 according to the pressure applied to the pressure introducing pipe 16. Slides in and out of position. In the case of this embodiment, when a negative pressure is applied to the pressure introducing pipe 16, the sliding portion 17 slides in the direction of arrow a, and the first and second contact portions 14 and 15 are in the open state. (Blocking state).

Here, in the vehicle power supply device 10, the piston 19 of the engine 18 is used as the pressure generating means for generating the negative pressure applied to the pressure introducing pipe 16. That is, in a vehicle, the piston 19
Since a negative pressure is generated by the vertical movement of the valve and the throttle valve 20, the vehicle power supply device 10 effectively uses this negative pressure.

In the vehicle power supply device 10, the negative pressure lead-out pipe 21 and the negative pressure tank 22 which are provided as additional parts are connected by the drain hose 23A, and the negative pressure generated in the piston 19 is temporarily supplied to the negative pressure tank 22. accumulate. Here, in the case of the embodiment, as the negative pressure tank 22, a master bag which is generally mounted on a vehicle is used so that the brake can be operated several times even when the engine 18 is stopped.

As described above, in the vehicle power supply device 10, since the pressure required to drive the sliding portion 17 is constantly accumulated in the negative pressure tank 22, the engine 18 is stopped and the negative pressure is reduced. Even if no longer occurs
The power line opening / closing means 13 can be opened / closed.

The negative pressure tank 22 is connected to a valve 24 via a drain hose 23B as a pressure applying means. The valve 24 is opened and closed by a solenoid 25. That is, when the control unit 26 turns on the transistor Tr to supply a current to the solenoid 25, the valve 24 opens. On the other hand, when the control unit 26 turns off the transistor Tr and no current flows to the solenoid 25, the valve 2 is opened.
4 is supposed to close.

Here, a thermal fuse 27 is attached to the second contact portion 15 as a temperature detecting means. The thermal fuse 27 has a fusing characteristic such that it is effectively blown when a temperature rise occurs in the second contact portion 15 due to a rare short circuit or the like occurring in the power supply line L1.

The control unit 26 detects the presence or absence of disconnection of the thermal fuse 27 based on the current flowing through the thermal fuse 27,
When the disconnection of the temperature fuse 27 is detected, the transistor Tr is turned on and the valve 24 is opened. In addition, the control unit 2
An acceleration signal from an acceleration sensor 28 as a collision detection means is input to 6, and when an acceleration signal indicating a collision is input, the transistor Tr is turned on and the valve 24 is opened.

In the above structure, when the power line L1 is damaged and a dead short or a rare short occurs with the body of the vehicle, the temperature of the second contact portion 15 rises. At this time, the temperature of the thermal fuse 27 also rises as the temperature of the second contact portion 15 rises, and when the temperature reaches a temperature corresponding to a rare short circuit, the thermal fuse 27 is blown.

When the control unit 26 detects that the temperature fuse 27 has melted, it turns on the transistor Tr to operate the solenoid 25 and open the valve 24. When the valve 24 is opened, negative pressure is applied to the pressure introducing pipe 16, so that the sliding portion 17 is pulled from the connecting position shown in the drawing to the shut-off position shown by the arrow a.

As a result, the first contact portion 14 and the second contact portion 15 become non-conductive, the power supply to the loads 12A to 12X is cut off, and the power supply line L1 is further deteriorated due to a rare short circuit or the like. Is avoided.

When an acceleration signal representing a collision is input, the control unit 26 opens the valve 24 to bring the first contact portion 14 and the second contact portion 15 into a non-conducting state so that the loads 12A-1.
By shutting off the power supply to the 2X, it is possible to effectively avoid the ignition of the leaked gasoline when the vehicle collides.

Thus, according to the above configuration, the power supply line opening / closing means 13 is connected to the first contact portion 1 connected to the battery 11.
4 and the second contact portion 1 connected to the loads 12A to 12X.
5 and a conductive member slidably provided on the first and second contact portions 14 and 15, and connects the first and second contact portions 14 and 15 in accordance with the applied pressure. By configuring the sliding portion 17 that slides between the connection position to be put in the closed state and the disconnecting position to be in the cut-off state, and controlling the pressure applied to the sliding portion 17, the power supply to the loads 12A to 12X By controlling the supply, the power line opening / closing means 1
It is possible to realize the vehicle power supply device 10 that can supply power with high reliability without generating heat from the power supply 3.

Further, since the piston 19 of the engine 18 is used as the pressure generating means, it is not necessary to newly provide the pressure generating means, so that the power supply line opening / closing means 13 can be satisfactorily operated with a simple structure. become.

Further, a negative pressure tank 22 is provided and the sliding portion 17 is always provided.
By accumulating the pressure necessary to drive the power source, the power line opening / closing means 13 can be opened / closed even when the engine 18 is stopped, and the power supply with higher reliability is performed. Will be able to.

Further, the temperature fuse 27 and the acceleration sensor 2
8 is provided to detect whether or not a rare short circuit or the like has occurred in the power supply line L1, detect a vehicle collision, and open the power supply line opening / closing means 13 when a rare short circuit or a collision is detected. By stopping the power supply to the loads 12A to 12X in the above, it is possible to realize the vehicle power supply device 10 capable of preventing further deterioration of the power supply line L1 and vehicle fire at the time of collision.

In the above embodiment, the piston 19 of the engine 18 is used as the pressure generating means, and the sliding portion 17 is driven by the negative pressure generated by the piston 19. However, for example, the pressure generating means is used as the pressure generating means. The sliding portion 17 may be driven by positive pressure by using an air suspension driving pressurizing portion that generates positive pressure. Further, the sliding portion 17 may be hydraulically driven.

In the above embodiment, the case where the temperature fuse 27 is used as the temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the second contact portion 15 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and instead of this. For example, a thermistor or the like may be used, and any device that can detect the temperature may be used. Further, in the above-described embodiment,
Although the case of detecting the temperature of the second contact portion 15 has been described, even if the temperature of the first contact portion 14 is detected, the same effect as in the above case can be obtained, and the temperature of the power supply line L1 can be further reduced. Alternatively, a power line abnormality such as a rare short circuit may be detected.

Further, the present invention provides the first or second contact portion 1
Abnormal current detection for detecting that an abnormal current due to a rare short circuit or the like flows in the power supply line L1 is not limited to the case of detecting the power supply line abnormality such as a rare short circuit by detecting the temperature of 4, 15 or the power supply line L1. Even if a means is provided and the power supply line opening / closing means 13 is controlled to open / close according to the detection result, further deterioration of the power supply line L1 can be prevented as in the case described above. In this case, for example, a Hall element or a magnetic element may be provided as the abnormal current detecting means near the power supply line L1, and the control unit 26 may monitor the electromotive force generated from these elements.

[0043]

As described above, according to the present invention, in the vehicle power supply device adapted to appropriately supply power to each load by controlling the opening / closing of the power supply line opening / closing means provided on the power supply line, The power supply line opening / closing means includes a first contact portion connected to the battery, a second contact portion connected to the load, and a conductive member slidably provided on the first and second contact portions. becomes, those first and second contact portions 14 and 15
Connection position and pressure to make the connection state when pressure is applied
The power supply to the load is controlled by controlling the pressure applied to the sliding part, which is composed of a sliding part that slides between the blocking position and the blocking position when the voltage is not applied. By doing so, it is possible to realize a vehicle power supply device that can supply power with high reliability without generating heat from the power line opening / closing means.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic connection diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle power supply device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic line connection diagram showing a configuration of a conventional vehicle power supply device.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ...... Power supply device for vehicle 11 ...... Battery (power supply part) 12A to 12X ...... Load 13 ...... Power supply line opening / closing means 14 ...... First contact part 15 ...... Second contact part 17 ...... Sliding Part 18 ... Engine 19 ... Piston (pressure generating means) 22 ... Negative pressure tank (pressure tank) 23A, 23B ... Drain hose (pressure applying means) 24 ... Valve (control means) 25 ... Solenoid (control) Means) 26 ...... Control unit (control means) 27 ...... Thermal fuse (temperature detection means) 28 ...... Acceleration sensor (collision detection means)

Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP-A-8-158905 (JP, A) JP-A-6-255432 (JP, A) JP-A-58-82410 (JP, A) JP-A-9-191556 (JP , A) JP-A-9-92110 (JP, A) JP-A-8-241661 (JP, A) JP-A-7-131925 (JP, A) JP-A-59-80225 (JP, A) JP-A- 52-137629 (JP, A) Actually open 63-143449 (JP, U) Actually open 63-22481 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60R 16/02 H02H 5/04 H02H 5/10

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A power supply unit such as a battery or an alternator and each load are connected by a power supply line, and power is appropriately supplied to each load by controlling opening / closing of a power supply line opening / closing means provided on the power supply line. In the vehicle power supply device, the first contact point portion connected to the power source section, the second contact point section connected to the load, and the first and second contact point sections are slidable. made of a conductive member provided, between a blocking position to a cutoff state when the connection position and the pressure in the connected state when the pressure of those first and second contact portions is applied is not applied A power line opening / closing means having a sliding part that slides and a pressure generating part such as a piston of an engine or a pressurizing part for driving an air suspension, which is pre-installed in a vehicle, are used to generate a predetermined atmospheric pressure or hydraulic pressure. Generated pressure generation means and A pressure tank for accumulating the pressure generated by the pressure generating means and normally closed, a current flows through the solenoid
The Bal of the valve, the accumulated pressure in the pressure tank was opened to be opened by
Pressure applying means for applying to the sliding part of the power supply line opening / closing means via a plug, and before shutting off the power supply from the power supply part to the load.
Apply a current to the solenoid to open the valve and
The pressure accumulated in the force tank through the pressure applying means
A power supply device for a vehicle, comprising: a control unit that applies the voltage to the sliding unit 17 and moves the sliding unit from a connection position to a blocking position to control the opening and closing of the power line opening / closing unit. 2. An abnormal current detecting means for detecting an abnormal current flowing through the power supply line, wherein the control means is configured to open and close the power supply line when the abnormal current is detected by the abnormal current detecting means. 2. The vehicle power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the power supply device is controlled to be opened. 3. A temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the power supply line, wherein the control means controls the opening / closing means of the power supply line when the temperature detecting means detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined value. The vehicle power supply device according to claim 1. 4. A temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the first or second contact portion, wherein the control means opens and closes the power supply line when the temperature detecting means detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined value. The vehicle power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the means is controlled to be opened. 5. The vehicle power supply device according to claim 4, wherein the temperature detecting means is a thermal fuse. 6. A collision detection means for detecting a collision of a vehicle, wherein the control means controls the power line opening / closing means to open when a collision is detected by the collision detection means. 1. The vehicle power supply device according to 1.