JP3481993B2 - Invasive imaging device - Google Patents
Invasive imaging deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3481993B2 JP3481993B2 JP04293894A JP4293894A JP3481993B2 JP 3481993 B2 JP3481993 B2 JP 3481993B2 JP 04293894 A JP04293894 A JP 04293894A JP 4293894 A JP4293894 A JP 4293894A JP 3481993 B2 JP3481993 B2 JP 3481993B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transmitter
- power
- subject
- signal
- tracking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002600 positron emission tomography Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001574 biopsy Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002059 diagnostic imaging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011961 computed axial tomography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002594 fluoroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012285 ultrasound imaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002107 myocardial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【関連出願】この出願は、何れも１９９１年９月３日に
出願の米国特許出願通し番号第０７／７５３，５６３
号、発明の名称「無線周波磁界を用いて装置の位置及び
向きを追う追跡装置」、同第０７／７５３，５６５号、
発明の名称「無線周波磁界勾配を用いて装置の位置及び
向きを追う追跡装置」、同第０７／７５３，５６４号、
発明の名称「無線周波磁界を用いた立体Ｘ線蛍光透視装
置」、同第０７／７５３，５６７号、発明の名称「作像
装置に対する自動的なガントリーの位置ぎめ」、及び同
第０７／７５３，５６６号、発明の名称「無線周波磁界
を用いた多平面Ｘ線蛍光透視装置」と関連を有する。更
にこの出願は、同第０７／７９３，９２３号、発明の名
称「ＲＦ追跡装置に用いる誘導結合装置」と関連を有す
る。[Related Application] This application is filed on Sep. 3, 1991, US Patent Application Serial No. 07 / 753,563.
No. 07 / 753,565, entitled "Tracking device for tracking the position and orientation of a device using a radio frequency magnetic field".
Title of Invention "Tracking device for tracking device position and orientation using radio frequency magnetic field gradient", No. 07 / 753,564,
Title of the invention: "Stereoscopic X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus using radio frequency magnetic field", No. 07 / 753,567, Title of invention: "Automatic positioning of gantry with respect to imager", and No. 07/753 , 566, entitled "Multiplanar X-ray Fluoroscopy System Using Radio Frequency Magnetic Field". Further, this application is related to the above-mentioned No. 07 / 793,923, the title of the invention "inductive coupling device used for RF tracking device".
【０００２】[0002]
【発明の分野】この発明は、侵入装置を生体の中に挿入
する医学的な手順、更に具体的に云えば、無線周波磁界
を用いてこの様な装置を追跡することに関する。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to medical procedures for inserting an intrusion device into a living body, and more particularly to tracking such a device using a radio frequency magnetic field.
【０００３】[0003]
【関連技術の説明】診断及び治療の医学的な手順の際、
侵入装置の位置を監視する為にＸ線蛍光透視鏡が日常的
に使われている。普通のＸ線蛍光透視鏡はＸ線量を最小
限に抑える様に設計されている。それでも、手順によっ
ては非常に長くなることがあり、患者に対する累積Ｘ線
量が相当になることがある。それに伴う医療職員の長期
的な露出は、こう云う人達がこの手順に規則的に従事し
ているので、なおさら重大事である。これは、ポジトロ
ン放出断層写真法（ＰＥＴ）、ガンマ線カメラ及び計算
機式軸断層写真法（ＣＡＴ）手順の様な他の種類の電離
放射線の場合にも問題である。その為、こう云う手順の
間、全ての人に対する全体的な電離放射線量を減らすこ
とが望ましい。[Description of Related Art] During the medical procedure of diagnosis and treatment,
X-ray fluoroscopes are routinely used to monitor the position of intruders. Conventional X-ray fluoroscopes are designed to minimize X-ray dose. Nevertheless, some procedures can be very long and the cumulative X-ray dose to the patient can be considerable. The associated long-term exposure of medical personnel is even more critical as these people are regularly engaged in this procedure. This is also a problem for other types of ionizing radiation such as positron emission tomography (PET), gamma camera and computed axial tomography (CAT) procedures. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the overall ionizing radiation dose for all during these procedures.
【０００４】上記の米国特許出願通し番号第０７／７５
３，５６３号及び同第０７／７５３，５６５には、Ｘ線
を使わずに侵入装置を追跡する方法が既に開示されてい
る。これらの米国特許出願に記載されるシステムでは、
無線周波コイルを取入れた侵入装置が生体の中に配置さ
れ、無線周波（ＲＦ）信号を検出するか又は放射するこ
とによって、その位置が追跡される。US Patent Application Serial No. 07/75 above
Nos. 3,563 and 07 / 753,565 have already disclosed a method of tracking an intruder without using X-rays. In the systems described in these US patent applications,
An intrusion device incorporating a radio frequency coil is placed in the body and its position is tracked by detecting or emitting a radio frequency (RF) signal.
【０００５】追跡しようとする制御装置に差込まなけれ
ばならない非侵入形ＲＦ装置を用いたシステムは実現可
能であるが、追跡している間、制御装置との物理的な接
続を必要としない侵入装置を用いたシステムを提供する
ことが更に望ましい。Although systems with non-intrusive RF devices that must be plugged into the controller to be tracked are feasible, intrusions that do not require a physical connection with the controller during tracking are feasible. It is further desirable to provide a system using the device.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の要約】被検体内で侵入形手順を実施する為の侵
入装置が、自蔵式（self-contained）無線周波（ＲＦ）
送信器を持ち、これを外部のＲＦ追跡手段によって追跡
する。ＲＦ送信器は侵入装置の中に組込んでもよいし、
或いは被検体の中に挿入する前に装置に取付けてもよ
い。ＲＦ送信器が電力発生手段、ＲＦ発振器の様な電力
変換手段、及び送信コイルの様なＲＦ放射手段を含んで
いて、その全てが生体非活性ケース内に気密封じされて
いる。電力発生手段は、誘導により、光起電力により、
又は被検体の中に挿入する前に外部電源との直接的な接
触によって充電することが出来る。この代りに、充電し
た状態の蓄電池を侵入装置内に密封することが出来る。
電力発生手段がＲＦ発振器を駆動し、それが送信コイル
を励振する。送信コイルが双極子磁界を発生し、それが
外部追跡手段によって検出される。この追跡手段が、被
検体内に於ける侵入装置の瞬時的な場所を決定する。医
学的な作像手段が被検体の像を作る。表示手段が像を表
示すると共に、その像上に、ＲＦ送信器を表わす記号
を、被検体内に於けるその場所に対応する位置に重畳す
る。ＲＦ送信器を、他の医学的な診断像を必要とせず
に、被検体の中で対話形で追跡する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An intrusion device for performing an intrusive procedure within a subject is provided with a self-contained radio frequency (RF).
It has a transmitter, which is tracked by external RF tracking means. The RF transmitter may be incorporated into the intrusion device,
Alternatively, it may be attached to the device prior to insertion into the subject. The RF transmitter includes power generating means, power converting means such as an RF oscillator, and RF radiating means such as a transmitting coil, all of which are hermetically sealed within a non-living case. The power generation means is by induction, by photovoltaic power,
Alternatively, it can be charged by direct contact with an external power source prior to insertion into the subject. Alternatively, the charged storage battery can be sealed within the intrusion device.
The power generating means drives an RF oscillator, which excites the transmitter coil. The transmitter coil produces a dipole magnetic field, which is detected by external tracking means. This tracking means determines the instantaneous location of the intruder within the subject. Medical imaging means creates an image of the subject. The display means displays the image, and a symbol representing the RF transmitter is superimposed on the image at a position corresponding to the position in the subject. The RF transmitter is interactively tracked within the subject without the need for any other medical diagnostic image.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の目的】この発明の目的は、侵入形手順の間、自
蔵式ＲＦ送信器の対話形の像を作ることである。この発
明の別の目的は、侵入形手順の間、ＲＦ送信器に通ずる
外部電力線を必要とせずに自蔵式ＲＦ送信器の対話形の
像を作ることである。OBJECT OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to create an interactive image of a self contained RF transmitter during an intrusive procedure. Another object of the invention is to create an interactive image of a self-contained RF transmitter during an intrusive procedure without the need for an external power line leading to the RF transmitter.
【０００８】この発明の別の目的は、内部組織の動きを
撮像することである。この発明の新規と考えられる特徴
は、特許請求の範囲に具体的に記載してあるが、この発
明自体の構成、作用及びその他の目的並びに利点は、以
下図面について説明する所から最もよく理解されよう。Another object of the present invention is to image the movement of internal tissues. The features of the invention believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims, the construction, operation and other objects and advantages of the invention itself being best understood from the following description of the drawings. See.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の詳しい説明】図１で、自蔵式ＲＦ送信器をその
端に取付けた侵入装置１２０が生体１１２の中に導入さ
れつゝある状態が示されており、前に引用した米国特許
出願通し番号第０７／７５３，５６３号及び同第０７／
７５３，５６５号に記載される様に追跡される。少なく
とも１つの軸線１０２の周りに回転させることが出来る
と共にガントリー制御手段７０によって並進させること
の出来る支持アーム１０１が、Ｘ線作像及びＸ線蛍光透
視法に適したＸ線１０４の実質的にコリメートされたビ
ームを放出するＸ線源１０３の様な医療用作像源を保持
する為に設けられている。支持アーム１０１は、Ｘ線源
１０３から放出されたＸ線１０４の伝搬方向と整合した
Ｘ線検出手段１０５をも保持している。Ｘ線１０４が被
検体支持テーブル１１０及び被検体１１２を透過する。
図１はＸ線作像システムを示しているが、別の実施例で
は、被検体の像を作る任意の医療用作像手段を用いるこ
とが出来る。図６の医療用作像手段１０６はガンマ線カ
メラ又は超音波作像システムであってよい。この代り
に、図７の医療用作像手段１０７はポジトロン放出断層
写真（ＰＥＴ）及び計算機式軸断層写真（ＣＡＴ）作像
手段であってよい。これらもこの発明に同じ様に用いら
れるが、簡単の為、以下の説明ではＸ線作像の場合につ
いてだけ説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In FIG. 1, an intrusion device 120 having a self-contained RF transmitter attached to its end is shown being introduced into a living organism 112, the US patent application cited above. Serial numbers 07 / 753,563 and 07 /
Followed as described in 753,565. A support arm 101 that can be rotated about at least one axis 102 and translated by gantry control means 70 is substantially collimated of X-rays 104 suitable for X-ray imaging and fluoroscopy. It is provided to hold a medical imaging source, such as an X-ray source 103 that emits a focused beam. The support arm 101 also holds the X-ray detection means 105 aligned with the propagation direction of the X-rays 104 emitted from the X-ray source 103. The X-ray 104 passes through the subject support table 110 and the subject 112.
Although FIG. 1 shows an X-ray imaging system, in alternative embodiments any medical imaging means for imaging the subject can be used. The medical imaging means 106 of FIG. 6 may be a gamma camera or an ultrasound imaging system. Alternatively, the medical imaging means 107 of FIG. 7 may be positron emission tomography (PET) and computed axial tomography (CAT) imaging means. These are similarly used in the present invention, but for simplicity, only the case of X-ray imaging will be described in the following description.
【００１０】前に引用した米国特許出願では、複数個の
Ｍ ＲＦ受信コイル１６０が被検体の周りに配置され
る。図１に示す実施例では、受信コイル１６０がＸ線検
出手段１０５に取付けられている。やはり送信コイルを
含む少なくとも１つの自蔵式ＲＦ送信器（図に示してな
い）を端に持つ侵入装置１２０が、オペレータ１４０に
よって被検体の内部に位置ぎめされる。侵入装置１２０
が、被検体の左腕に入る状態が示されている。送信コイ
ルは、医療手順に幾つかの侵入装置を用いる場合、それ
らの各侵入装置毎に少なくとも１つずつ取付けることが
できる。In the previously referenced US patent application, a plurality of M RF receive coils 160 are placed around the subject. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the receiving coil 160 is attached to the X-ray detecting means 105. An intrusion device 120, which is terminated by at least one self-contained RF transmitter (not shown) which also includes a transmitter coil, is positioned inside the subject by an operator 140. Intrusion device 120
However, the state of entering the left arm of the subject is shown. If several intruder devices are used in the medical procedure, the transmitter coil may be attached at least one for each of the intruder devices.
【００１１】各々の侵入装置１２０が双極子電磁界を作
り、それがＲＦ受信コイル１６０によって検出される。
受信コイル１６０によって検出された信号が、前に引用
した米国特許出願通し番号第０７／７５３，５６３号及
び同第０７／７５３，５６５号に詳しく記載される追跡
／表示装置１０８で、送信コイル（並びに侵入装置１２
０の端）の位置及び向きを計算する為に使われる。計算
で求められた侵入装置１２０の位置が、表示モニタ１５
１に現れるＸ線像に記号１５２を重畳することによって
表示される。ビデオ・モニタ１５１が追跡／表示装置１
０８によって駆動される。侵入装置１２０の瞬時的な位
置が毎秒数回（理想的には毎秒１２乃至６０回）更新さ
れ、オペレータが普通のＸ線蛍光透視装置で見ると予想
される様な侵入装置１２０の蛍光透視像に近いものにな
る。好ましい手順に従うと、オペレータは、被検体及び
オペレータに対するＸ線量を最小限に抑える為に、必要
と思われる時にだけ、Ｘ線像の収集を開始する。Each intruder 120 creates a dipole field, which is detected by the RF receiver coil 160.
The signal detected by the receiver coil 160 is transmitted to the transmitter coil (and the transmitter coil (as well as the transmitter coil (not shown) in the tracking / display device 108 described in detail in the above-cited U.S. patent application Ser. Intrusion device 12
It is used to calculate the position and orientation of the 0 edge). The position of the intrusion device 120 obtained by the calculation is displayed on the display monitor 15.
It is displayed by superimposing the symbol 152 on the X-ray image appearing at 1. Video monitor 151 is tracking / display device 1
It is driven by 08. The instantaneous position of the intrusion device 120 is updated several times per second (ideally 12 to 60 times per second) and the fluoroscopic image of the intrusion device 120 as an operator would expect to see with a conventional fluoroscope. Will be close to. In accordance with the preferred procedure, the operator will begin collecting X-ray images only when deemed necessary to minimize X-ray dose to the subject and operator.
【００１２】図２はこの発明の１実施例のＲＦ送信器２
００を取付けたカテーテルの様な侵入装置１２０を示
す。送信器２００は、生体の中に挿入する為に、端にあ
るねじ手段によって侵入装置１２０に取付けられる。侵
入装置１２０の中心１２２は中空であって、案内部とし
て作用するその中心の中に他の外科装置を通すことが出
来る様にしている。送信器２００は、外科装置を通せる
様にした開放した中心２０３を有する。送信コイル２６
０が中心の開口２０３を取巻いて配置されている。この
場合、コイル２６０の軸線が中心の開口２０３の軸線と
一致する。FIG. 2 shows an RF transmitter 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
A catheter-like entry device 120 with a 00 attached is shown. The transmitter 200 is attached to the intrusion device 120 by threaded means at the end for insertion into a living body. The center 122 of the penetration device 120 is hollow to allow other surgical devices to pass through its center which acts as a guide. The transmitter 200 has an open center 203 that allows the surgical device to pass therethrough. Transmission coil 26
0 surrounds the central opening 203 and is arranged. In this case, the axis of the coil 260 coincides with the axis of the central opening 203.
【００１３】第１の実施例の自蔵式ＲＦ送信器２００が
図３に更に詳しく示されている。このＲＦ送信器は受信
コイル２０２を持ち、そのインダクタンスと並列結合さ
れたキャパシタ２１０の静電容量とが選ばれた無線周波
数に同調している。この無線周波数は、ＲＦ送信器２０
０の位置を計算する為に追跡装置で使われる帯域幅の外
側の周波数である様に選ばれる。この周波数のエネルギ
が外部の連続波送信器（図に示してない）によって被検
体の中に導入される。外部の連続波送信器とコイル２０
２の間の誘導結合を利用して、ＲＦ送信器２００にエネ
ルギを供給する。コイル２０２によって検出された信号
が、直列接続の整合キャパシタ２２０を介して整流手段
２３０に行く。図面では、この整流手段が、４個のダイ
オードＤ 1 ，Ｄ2 ，Ｄ3 ，Ｄ4 で構成された両波ブリッ
ジとして示されている。この代りに、半波ブリッジの様
な他の整流手段を用いてもよい。整流された信号が、図
ではブリッジ２３０の出力の間に結合されたキャパシタ
として示したフィルタ手段２４０によって平滑され、Ｒ
Ｆ発振器手段２５０へ通過する。発振器が整流された信
号を第２の無線周波数に変換する。この第２の無線周波
数は、受信コイル１６０（図１）によって使われる帯域
幅内にあって、追跡／表示装置１０８（図１）へ送られ
る。第２の無線周波信号が送信コイル２６０まで伝搬
し、このコイルは並列キャパシタ２７０及び直列キャパ
シタ２８０と共に同調して整合している。送信コイル２
６０から放射される信号を受信コイル１６０（図１）に
よって検出し、追跡／表示装置１０８（図１）に送る。
送信される信号は追跡／表示装置と位相ロックされてい
ないので、追跡／表示装置には位相ロックループを用い
なければならない。ＲＦ送信器２００を被検体の中に挿
入するのであるから、ＲＦ送信器２００は、テフロンの
様な生体非活性材料で構成されたケース２０５の中に気
密封じされる。The self-contained RF transmitter 200 of the first embodiment is
Further details are shown in FIG. This RF transmitter receives
It has a coil 202 and is connected in parallel with its inductance.
Frequency of selected capacitor 210 and capacitance
I am in tune with the numbers. This radio frequency is used by the RF transmitter 20.
Out of the bandwidth used by the tracker to calculate the position of 0
It is chosen to be the side frequency. Energy at this frequency
Is tested by an external continuous wave transmitter (not shown)
Introduced into the body. External continuous wave transmitter and coil 20
The inductive coupling between the two is used to power the RF transmitter 200.
Supply Rugi. Signal detected by coil 202
However, the rectifying means is connected via the matching capacitor 220 connected in series.
Go to 230. In the drawing, this rectifying means is
Aether D 1, D2, D3, DFourDouble wave brit composed of
Shown as Ji. Instead of this, like a half-wave bridge
Other rectifying means may be used. The rectified signal is
Then a capacitor coupled between the outputs of the bridge 230
Smoothed by the filter means 240 shown as
It passes to the F oscillator means 250. The signal whose oscillator is rectified
Signal to a second radio frequency. This second radio frequency
The number is the band used by the receive coil 160 (FIG. 1).
Within width and sent to tracking / display device 108 (FIG. 1)
It The second radio frequency signal propagates to the transmission coil 260
However, this coil includes a parallel capacitor 270 and a series capacitor.
It is tuned and aligned with the Sita 280. Transmit coil 2
The signal radiated from 60 is received by the receiving coil 160 (FIG. 1).
Therefore, it is detected and sent to the tracking / display device 108 (FIG. 1).
The transmitted signal is phase locked to the tracking / display device.
Use a phase-locked loop for the tracking / display device
There must be. Insert the RF transmitter 200 into the subject
Since the RF transmitter 200 is installed,
Inside the case 205 made of non-bioactive material like
Sealed.
【００１４】第２の実施例の自蔵式ＲＦ送信器３００が
図４に示されている。この場合、適当な波長の光３０２
が生体非活性ケース３０５を介して、その中にある光起
電力装置３１０に向けて照射されて、直流電流を発生す
る。ケース３０５は透明な窓を持っていてもよいし、或
いは石英の様な透明な材料で作ってもよい。発生された
直流電流が、装置３１０に接続された蓄電池３２０を充
電して、エネルギを蓄積する。光起電力装置３１０と直
列のＲＦ発振器３５０が、蓄電池３２０からエネルギを
取出して、無線周波信号を発生する。蓄電池の容量は、
ＲＦ送信器が被検体内で使われる時間の間、発振器３５
０を駆動するのに十分になる様に選ばれる。発振器３５
０によって発生された無線周波信号が直列に送信コイル
３６０に通され、このコイルが無線周波エネルギを放射
する。このコイルは、並列キャパシタ３７０及び直列キ
ャパシタ３８０によって、所望の無線周波数に同調して
整合している。スイッチング手段３０７を光起電力装置
３１０及び発振器３５０と直列に用いて、使う直前では
なく、製造した時に、ＲＦ送信器を充電することが出来
る。A second embodiment of a self-contained RF transmitter 300 is shown in FIG. In this case, light 302 of appropriate wavelength
Is radiated through the non-living case 305 toward the photovoltaic device 310 therein to generate a direct current. The case 305 may have a transparent window or may be made of a transparent material such as quartz. The generated direct current charges a storage battery 320 connected to the device 310 and stores energy. An RF oscillator 350 in series with the photovoltaic device 310 extracts energy from the storage battery 320 and produces a radio frequency signal. The capacity of the storage battery is
During the time the RF transmitter is used in the subject, the oscillator 35
It is chosen to be sufficient to drive 0. Oscillator 35
The radio frequency signal generated by the zero is serially passed through the transmitter coil 360, which radiates radio frequency energy. The coil is tuned and matched to the desired radio frequency by a parallel capacitor 370 and a series capacitor 380. The switching means 307 can be used in series with the photovoltaic device 310 and the oscillator 350 to charge the RF transmitter at the time of manufacture, not just before use.
【００１５】第３の実施例の自蔵式ＲＦ送信器４００が
図５に示されている。この場合、直接的な物理的な接続
部４０２が生体非活性ケース４０５を通抜け、並列の蓄
電池４２０を充電する為に外部電源（図に示してない）
に接続出来る様にしている。蓄電池４２０がＲＦ発振器
４５０を駆動する。図４の実施例と同じく、蓄電池４２
０の容量は、ＲＦ発振器を被検体内で使う時間の間、発
振器を駆動するのに十分になるのに選ばれる。発振器４
５０によって発生された無線周波信号が直列に送信コイ
ル４６０に送られ、これが並列キャパシタ４７０及び直
列キャパシタ４８０によって所望の無線周波数に同調し
て整合している。図４の実施例のスイッチング手段３０
７と同じ様に、スイッチング手段４０７を同じ形で用い
て、同じ作用を行なわせることが出来る。A third embodiment of a self contained RF transmitter 400 is shown in FIG. In this case, the direct physical connection 402 passes through the bio-inactive case 405 and an external power source (not shown) to charge the parallel storage batteries 420.
I can connect to. The storage battery 420 drives the RF oscillator 450. Similar to the embodiment of FIG. 4, the storage battery 42
The zero capacitance is chosen to be sufficient to drive the oscillator during the time it is used in the subject. Oscillator 4
The radio frequency signal generated by 50 is serially sent to the transmit coil 460, which is tuned and matched to the desired radio frequency by the parallel capacitor 470 and the series capacitor 480. Switching means 30 of the embodiment of FIG.
Similar to 7, the switching means 407 can be used in the same way to perform the same action.
【００１６】この発明の自蔵式侵入集成体は、上に述べ
た様に侵入装置と共に使うことが出来るし、或いは移植
部として有利に使うことが出来る。この発明の侵入集成
体を取入れた移植部は、外科手術の際に心臓壁の中に配
置することが出来る。この時、必要とする時には何時で
も、Ｘ線なしで、心筋の動きを監視することが出来る。The self-contained intrusion assembly of the present invention can be used with an intrusion device as described above, or can be used advantageously as an implant. An implant incorporating the invasion assembly of the present invention can be placed in the heart wall during surgery. At this time, myocardial movements can be monitored without X-rays whenever needed.
【００１７】自蔵式侵入集成体は、ＲＦ追跡装置によっ
て辿られる任意の装置の中に取入れることが出来る。そ
の中には、これに限らないが、生体検査針、内視鏡、腹
腔直達鏡、カテーテル、案内ワイヤ、外科装置、治療装
置及びに３次元指向装置が含まれる。エネルギ蓄積装置
を用いたこの発明の実施例では、装置はキャパシタでも
蓄電池でもよい。The self-contained intrusion assembly can be incorporated into any device traced by an RF tracking device. These include, but are not limited to, biopsy needles, endoscopes, laparoscopes, catheters, guidewires, surgical devices, therapeutic devices and three-dimensional pointing devices. In embodiments of the invention that use an energy storage device, the device may be a capacitor or a battery.
【００１８】幾つかの現在好ましいと考えられる実施例
の自蔵式ＲＦ侵入装置を詳しく説明したが、当業者には
いろいろな変更が容易に考えられよう。従って、特許請
求の範囲は、この発明の範囲内に属するこの様な全ての
変更を包括するものであることを承知されたい。Although a number of presently preferred embodiments of the self-contained RF intrusion device have been described in detail, various modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, it is to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications as fall within the scope of this invention.
【図１】侵入手順の際に使っている状態のこの発明の１
実施例を示すを斜視図。FIG. 1 of the invention in use during an intrusion procedure
The perspective view which shows an Example.
【図２】侵入装置に対するこの発明のＲＦ送信器の接続
を示す斜視図。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the connection of the RF transmitter of the present invention to an intrusion device.
【図３】誘導によって給電されるＲＦ送信器に関係する
この発明の第１の実施例の回路図。FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention relating to an inductively powered RF transmitter.
【図４】光起電力によって給電されるＲＦ送信器に関係
するこの発明の第２の実施例の回路図。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention relating to a photovoltaic powered RF transmitter.
【図５】蓄電池から給電されるＲＦ送信器に関係するこ
の発明の第３の実施例の回路図。FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention relating to an RF transmitter powered by a storage battery.
【図６】ガンマ線カメラ又は超音波作像装置の様な別の
医療用作像手段を用いた侵入手順の際に使われているこ
の発明の１実施例を示す斜視図。FIG. 6 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention used during an entry procedure using another medical imaging means, such as a gamma camera or ultrasound imaging device.
【図７】計算機式軸断層写真法（ＣＡＴ）又はポジトロ
ン放出断層写真法（ＰＥＴ）作像装置の様な別の医療用
作像手段を用いた侵入手順で使われている時のこの発明
の１実施例を示す斜視図。FIG. 7 illustrates the invention when used in an invasive procedure using another medical imaging tool, such as a Computed Axial Tomography (CAT) or Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging device. The perspective view which shows 1 Example.
１０５ Ｘ線検出手段 １０８ 追跡／表示装置 １１２ 被検体 １２０ 侵入装置 １６０ 受信コイル ２００ ＲＦ送信器 ２０２ 受信コイル ２５０ ＲＦ発振器 ２６０ 送信コイル 105 X-ray detection means 108 Tracking / display device 112 subject 120 intrusion device 160 receiver coil 200 RF transmitter 202 receiver coil 250 RF oscillator 260 transmitter coil
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平５−207991（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−192314（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平１−119729（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) A61B 5/06 - 5/07 A61B 1/00 - 1/32 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-207991 (JP, A) JP-A-5-192314 (JP, A) JP-A-1-119729 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) A61B 5/06-5/07 A61B 1/00-1/32
Claims (8)
作像システムに於て、 （ａ）被検体の像を作るための作像手段と、 （ｂ）該被検体の中に挿入するための侵入装置と、 （ｃ）該侵入装置に取付けられた自蔵式無線周波（Ｒ
Ｆ）送信器であって、 （ｃ１）電力を選ばれた周波数のＲＦ信号に変換する電
力変換手段と、 （ｃ２）外部源からのＲＦ電力を受取る様に結合された
ＲＦコイルと、該ＲＦコイルに結合されていて、前記電
力変換手段に対して電力を供給する整流手段とを含む電
力発生手段であって、前記電力変換手段に電力を供給す
る電力発生手段と、 （ｃ３）ＲＦ信号を放射し、双極子磁界を発生させるＲ
Ｆ放射手段と、 （ｃ４）生体非活性材料で構成されていて、前記の電力
変換手段と、 （ｃ５）電力発生手段及びＲＦ放射手段を封入し、それ
が被検体の中で自由に動ける様にする寸法及び形を持つ
気密封じのケースと、 を含む無線周波（ＲＦ）送信器と、 （ｄ）前記放射されたＲＦ信号を受信するのに適した複
数個の既知の場所に配置される複数個の受信コイルと、 （ｅ）前記ＲＦ送信器との同期のため位相ロックループ
を用いる外部ＲＦ追跡／表示手段であって、該外部ＲＦ
追跡／表示手段が、前記受信コイルに結合されていて、
前記ＲＦ信号に応答して、前記受信コイルで受信したＲ
Ｆ信号の強度及び位相に基づいてＲＦ送信器の場所及び
向きを決定し、前記被検体の像を表示すると共に、前記
被検体内におけるＲＦ送信器の場所を表わす記号を該像
上の対応する位置に表示する外部ＲＦ追跡／表示手段
と、 を有する侵入形作像システム。1. An interstitial imaging system for creating an interactive image during an interstitial procedure, comprising: (a) imaging means for creating an image of the subject; and (b) inside the subject. An intrusion device for insertion into the intrusion device, and (c) a self-contained radio frequency (R) attached to the intrusion device.
F) a transmitter comprising: (c1) power conversion means for converting power into an RF signal of a selected frequency; (c2) an RF coil coupled to receive RF power from an external source; Power generating means coupled to the coil and including rectifying means for supplying power to the power converting means, the power generating means for supplying power to the power converting means, and (c3) an RF signal R to radiate and generate a dipole magnetic field
F radiating means, (c4) made of a biologically inactive material, and encapsulating the power converting means, and (c5) power generating means and RF radiating means, so that it can move freely in the subject. A hermetically sealed case having a size and shape to provide, and (d) a plurality of known locations suitable for receiving the radiated RF signal. External RF tracking / display means using a phase-locked loop for synchronization of a plurality of receiving coils, and (e) the RF transmitter, said external RF
Tracking / display means coupled to the receive coil,
R received by the receiving coil in response to the RF signal
The location and orientation of the RF transmitter is determined based on the strength and phase of the F signal to display an image of the subject and corresponding symbols on the image representing the location of the RF transmitter within the subject. An intrusive imaging system having an external RF tracking / display means for displaying the position.
作像システムに於て、 （ａ）被検体の像を作るための作像手段と、 （ｂ）該被検体の中に挿入するための侵入装置と、 （ｃ）該侵入装置の端に取付けられた無線周波（ＲＦ）
送信器であって、 （ｃ１）電力を選ばれた周波数のＲＦ信号に変換する電
力変換手段と、 （ｃ２）光エネルギを電力に変換する光起電力装置と、
該光起電力装置を前記電力変換手段に結合していて、前
記の変換された電力を貯蔵すると共に前記電力変換手段
に対して電力を供給するエネルギ貯蔵手段とを含む電力
発生手段であって、前記電力変換手段に電力を供給する
電力発生手段と、 （ｃ３）ＲＦ信号を放射し、双極子磁界を発生させるＲ
Ｆ放射手段と、 （ｃ４）生体非活性材料で構成されていて、前記の電力
変換手段と、 （ｃ５）電力発生手段及びＲＦ放射手段を封入し、それ
が被検体の中で自由に動ける様にする寸法及び形を持つ
気密封じのケースと、 を含む無線周波（ＲＦ）送信器と、 （ｄ）前記放射されたＲＦ信号を受信するのに適した複
数個の既知の場所に配置される複数個の受信コイルと、 （ｅ）前記ＲＦ送信器との同期のため位相ロックループ
を用いる外部ＲＦ追跡／表示手段であって、該外部ＲＦ
追跡／表示手段が、前記受信コイルに結合されていて、
前記ＲＦ信号に応答して、前記受信コイルで受信したＲ
Ｆ信号の強度及び位相に基づいてＲＦ送信器の場所及び
向きを決定し、前記被検体の像を表示すると共に、前記
被検体内におけるＲＦ送信器の場所を表わす記号を該像
上の対応する位置に表示する外部ＲＦ追跡／表示手段
と、 を有する侵入形作像システム。2. An interstitial imaging system for creating an interactive image during an interstitial procedure, comprising: (a) imaging means for creating an image of the subject; and (b) inside the subject. An intrusion device for insertion into the intruder, and (c) a radio frequency (RF) attached to the end of the intrusion device.
A transmitter, comprising: (c1) power conversion means for converting electric power into an RF signal of a selected frequency; and (c2) a photovoltaic device for converting optical energy into electric power.
An electric power generation means comprising: the photovoltaic device coupled to the electric power conversion means, the energy storage means storing the converted electric power and supplying electric power to the electric power conversion means, Power generation means for supplying power to the power conversion means; and (c3) R for radiating an RF signal to generate a dipole magnetic field.
F radiating means, (c4) made of a biologically inactive material, and encapsulating the power converting means, and (c5) power generating means and RF radiating means, so that it can move freely in the subject. A hermetically sealed case having a size and shape to provide, and (d) a plurality of known locations suitable for receiving the radiated RF signal. External RF tracking / display means using a phase-locked loop for synchronization of a plurality of receiving coils, and (e) the RF transmitter, said external RF
Tracking / display means coupled to the receive coil,
R received by the receiving coil in response to the RF signal
The location and orientation of the RF transmitter is determined based on the strength and phase of the F signal to display an image of the subject and corresponding symbols on the image representing the location of the RF transmitter within the subject. An intrusive imaging system having an external RF tracking / display means for displaying the position.
ル、内視鏡、腹腔直達鏡、生体検査針、外科器具及び治
療装置からなる群の内の１つである請求項１または２に
記載の侵入形作像システム。3. The penetration device according to claim 1, wherein the penetration device is one of a group consisting of a guide wire, a catheter, an endoscope, a laparoscope, a biopsy needle, a surgical instrument, and a treatment device. Intrusive imaging system.
れて、身体内を通過する時に前記外部ＲＦ追跡／表示手
段によって追跡することが出来る様な寸法及び形を持っ
ている請求項１または２に記載の侵入形作像システム。4. The hermetically sealed case is sized and shaped to be surgically implanted and trackable by the external RF tracking / display means as it passes through the body. Alternatively, the invasion type image forming system according to the item 2.
（ＰＥＴ）作像手段、ガンマ線カメラ作像手段、計算機
式軸断層写真（ＣＡＴ）作像手段からなる群の内の１つ
である請求項１または２に記載の侵入形作像システム。5. The image forming means is one of a group consisting of a positron emission tomography (PET) imaging means, a gamma camera imaging means, and a computerized axial tomography (CAT) imaging means. The invasion imaging system according to 1 or 2.
る請求項１または２に記載の侵入形作像システム。6. The invasive imaging system according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage means is a storage battery.
される請求項１または２に記載の侵入形作像システム。7. The invasive imaging system according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage means is a capacitor.
段と直列になっていて、前記電力変換手段への電力の通
路を制御するスイッチを有する請求項１または２に記載
の侵入形作像システム。8. The intrusive imaging system according to claim 1, further comprising a switch in series with the energy storage means and the power conversion means, the switch controlling a passage of electric power to the power conversion means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04293894A JP3481993B2 (en) | 1994-03-15 | 1994-03-15 | Invasive imaging device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04293894A JP3481993B2 (en) | 1994-03-15 | 1994-03-15 | Invasive imaging device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07255692A JPH07255692A (en) | 1995-10-09 |
| JP3481993B2 true JP3481993B2 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
Family
ID=12649962
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04293894A Expired - Lifetime JP3481993B2 (en) | 1994-03-15 | 1994-03-15 | Invasive imaging device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3481993B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001224579A (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2001-08-21 | Hitachi Medical Corp | X-ray equipment |
| IL143260A (en) | 2001-05-20 | 2006-09-05 | Given Imaging Ltd | Array system and method for locating an in vivo signal source |
| WO2005004033A2 (en) | 2003-07-02 | 2005-01-13 | Given Imaging Ltd. | Imaging sensor array and device and method for use thereof |
| US7604589B2 (en) | 2003-10-01 | 2009-10-20 | Given Imaging, Ltd. | Device, system and method for determining orientation of in-vivo devices |
| US8046050B2 (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2011-10-25 | Biosense Webster, Inc. | Position sensing system for orthopedic applications |
| US7761134B2 (en) | 2006-10-20 | 2010-07-20 | Given Imaging Ltd. | System and method for modeling a tracking curve of an in vivo device |
| US8406490B2 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2013-03-26 | Given Imaging Ltd. | System and methods for determination of procedure termination |
| EP2413786B1 (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2015-05-20 | Given Imaging, Inc., | Method of determining body exit of an ingested capsule |
| WO2014038422A1 (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-13 | 株式会社東芝 | Magnetic resonance imaging equipment, and power control method for magnetic resonance imaging equipment |
| US9989602B2 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2018-06-05 | Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and a power control method of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus |
| US10048337B2 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2018-08-14 | Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation | Image diagnosis apparatus and power control method of an image diagnosis apparatus |
-
1994
- 1994-03-15 JP JP04293894A patent/JP3481993B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07255692A (en) | 1995-10-09 |
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