JP3480635B2 - Head vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure for appropriately cutting stems and non-headed leaves during the transportation of a headless vegetable harvester. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a self-propelled head-mounted vegetable harvesting machine for harvesting head-mounted vegetables such as cabbage has been known. In this head vegetable harvester, the head vegetables digged by the digging part are pinched by the main transport device, the upper side is held down by the upper transport belt, and the head is transported rearward. Cut the head and non-headed leaves (outer lobes)
It was configured to be stored in a storage container provided on the traveling device at the rear end. The main transport device is composed of a pair of left and right screw rolls, and transports the cabbage backward while holding the stem portion of the cabbage between the left and right screw rolls. During the transport, the stem portion and the non-headed leaves (outer leaves) ) Had been cut.
The cutting method was such that a disk cutter was arranged above the middle of a pair of left and right screw rolls, and the outer leaves were cut integrally with the stem. [0003] In the prior art as described above, in a configuration in which a cutter is disposed above a screw roll, a stone or the like is pinched and transported together with a stem portion of a head vegetable. This caused problems such as the stone hitting the cutter during cutting. In addition, the head vegetables to be harvested vary in size, and the cutter determines the cutting height based on the height of the transfer surface of the main transfer device. Uncut or overcutting occurs, or a portion of the non-headed leaves remains, and unnecessary stems and non-headed leaves are cut again by hand, or the head is damaged due to overcutting, lowering the commercial value There were things.
For this reason, a configuration in which the height of a cutting portion such as a disk cutter can be adjusted in accordance with the size of the transported head vegetables has been desired. [0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described. That is, using a scraping device and a stalk transport device, a head vegetable is dug from the root, transported using a side transport device, and collected and can be run while collecting, in a head vegetable harvester that can run above and below the side transport device. An upper sensor and a lower sensor are arranged to detect the height of the head vegetables, and a cut section configured to be able to move up and down by an actuator is arranged at the rear of the lower sensor and the upper sensor, so that the height of the head vegetables is increased. The cutting portion is positioned by the actuator at the corresponding outer leaf cutting position. Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a side view of the headless vegetable harvester of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the transporter, FIG. 3 is a side view of the transporter, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a control block diagram. First, referring to FIG. 1, an overall configuration in which cabbage K is harvested by a head vegetable harvester will be described.
In the head cropping machine of this embodiment, the body frame 2 is placed on the crawler type traveling device 1, the storage part 3 is provided on the body frame 2, and the cabbage excavation part A is provided at the front part of the body frame 2.
And a transport section B. At the rear of the transport section B, a sorting / transporting device 4 for sorting cabbage K and transporting non-defective products to the storage section 3 is arranged. The lower part of the center of the transport section B is the body frame 2
The hydraulic cylinder 5 is interposed between the transport unit B and the machine body frame 2 so as to be vertically rotatable. Then, the transfer frames 9L and 9
R are arranged in the front-rear direction, and the excavation section A, the upper surface holding transfer device 10 and the side transfer device 12 are provided on the transfer frames 9L and 9R.
And the root conveying device 13 and the stem conveying device 14 are attached,
A digging portion A is provided at the front end of the transporting portion B, and the digging portion A includes a pair of scraping devices 6 and a pair of stalk transporting devices 1.
4 and 14, the scraping device 6 rotates the protruding star wheels or tines in opposite rotations to each other, and as shown in FIG.
Are transported in such a manner that the front transporting portions 14a of the cabbage K hold the stem of the cabbage K and are pulled out upward to form a part of the digging portion A. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the stalk transporting devices 14 are formed in a “く” shape in a side view.
The front transport section 14a is located at the excavation section A, and the rear transport section 14b
Is located in the transport section B, and the stem transport device 14 is formed in a screw type from an elastic body, and is bent at the transfer section C. Then, both sides of the stem conveying device 14.1
The cabbage K stem is held between the blades constituting the blade 4 and is conveyed rearward by the rotation of the screw. A side transport device 12 is disposed above and behind the stem transport devices 14 in parallel with the transport frame 9. As shown in FIG. 2, the side conveying device 12 includes a driving pulley 26 and a driven pulley 27
, And a pair of guide pulleys 18 disposed between the driving pulley 26 and the driven pulley 27. The drive pulley 26
The transmission cases 30 and 3 each have an upward direction.
The drive case 32 is horizontally provided at the upper end of the left and right transmission cases 30, and the drive shaft 33 is horizontally provided inside the drive case 32. ing. An input sprocket is fixed to the right end of the drive shaft 33, and bevel gears 34 are fitted in the middle part, and the input sprocket is transmitted to the drive pulleys 26 via the transmission shafts 31. And the side transport belt 17
17 is being driven. [0010] Above the transfer portion C, an upper surface pressing and conveying device 10 is provided. On the left and right sides of the upper surface pressing and conveying device 10, side frames 37, 37 are disposed in a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the side as shown in FIG.・ 39
b · 39c, and the transport rollers 39a · 39b ·
The upper transport belt 19 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the upper transfer belt 39c.
The left end of the transport roller 39c located at the rear of the pulley projects laterally, and the pulley 55 is fitted to the end. The pulley 55 is interposed at the lower end of the chain case 38 pivotally supported in the middle of the drive case 32 in the left and right directions.
The power of the drive shaft 33 is transmitted via the pulley 55, and the transport roller 39c is rotated to drive the upper transport belt 19. The supporting structure of the upper-surface pressing and conveying device 10 is such that the rear end of the upper-surface pressing and conveying device 10 is supported by the chain case 38, and furthermore, the supporting frame is erected from the front of the conveying frames 9L and 9R. A fixed frame 36 is fixedly mounted on the upper portion 15, one end of the link 16 is pivotally supported on the fixed frame 36, and a side frame 37 of the upper surface pressing and conveying device 10 is pivotally supported on the lower end of the link 16.
Therefore, a parallel link is formed by the chain case 38 and the link 16, and the link 16 and the chain case 38
The upper surface pressing and conveying device 10 is arranged so as to be able to ascend and descend in parallel using, so that the condensed vegetables K can be conveyed regardless of the size. Conventionally, in the transfer section C, the transport direction is changed in a "-" shape, so that the cabbage K in the transfer section C is changed.
Is difficult to stabilize. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the transport roller 39b is disposed forward and upward from the start end of the side transport device 12, the transport roller 39a is disposed above the middle portion of the front transport section 14a, and the transport roller 39c is transported sideways. The device 12 is disposed above and behind the starting end. The upper transport belt 19 is moved by the transport roller 39a and the transport roller 39b to the front transport section 14a.
Guide so as to be substantially parallel to the conveying roller 39b.
And the transport rollers 39c so that the upper transport belt 19 is parallel to the rear transport section 14b.
Guide. For this purpose, the cabbage K passing through the bent inheritance portion C of the stem transfer device 14 is continuously moved up and down by using the upper surface pressing transfer device 10 capable of moving up and down.
The cabbage K can be pressed to the side and the posture of the cabbage K can be changed in a stable direction. Further, a rear transport section 14b of the stem transport apparatus 14
Below, a root conveying device 13 is disposed in a substantially parallel shape. The root conveying device 13 includes a conveying chain 20 and a clamping rod 2.
The transport chain 20 is provided with an idler 22 rotatably at the front of the transport frame 9L, a drive sprocket 23 at the rear, and a transport surface of the transport chain 20 which is positioned at a middle position between the left and right of the pedicle transport device 14. A guide rod 24 is disposed between the idler 22 and the drive sprocket 23 in the front-rear direction so as to pass through, and guides the transport chain 20. Then, the clamping rod 21 arranged opposite to the transport chain 20 is connected to the support rod 26 by the right transport frame 9R.
, And the clamping rod 21 is urged toward the transport chain 20 by springs 29, 29 to clamp the root of the cabbage K. In the present embodiment, the starting portion of the root conveying device 13 is disposed so as to be located rearward and downward of the inheriting portion C. The root portion of the cabbage K that has been passed through the inheriting portion C while being held down by the top surface pressing and transporting device 10 while being held between the stalk transporting devices 14 and 14 is nipped and transported by the root portion transporting device 13 and tilted forward, backward, left and right. The cabbage K is conveyed in a stable state without losing it.
Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the cabbage K is gradually clamped by the side surface transport device 12 from the terminal end of the stem transport device 14, and the cabbage K is also held at the terminal end of the stem transport device 14 by the upper surface pressing transport device 10. The upper surface is held down, and it is possible to transfer the image to the side transfer device 12 in a stable posture. In the present invention, a finish cutting section D is provided at the rear of the transport chain 20.
The finish cutting section D includes a disk cutter 25 and a cutting motor 41. The disk cutter 25 is disposed parallel to the transport direction of the side transport device 12,
A nut portion 42 is fixed to the front end of the cutting motor 41 disposed inside the chain 20, and a screw shaft 43 is screwed to the nut portion 42 in a direction perpendicular to the transport direction of the side transport device 12. The lower end of the screw shaft 43 extends to the side of the lift motor 44 as an actuator.
4 to rotate. By driving the screw shaft 43 by a lifting motor 44, the cutting motor 41 can be raised and lowered integrally with the nut portion 42. Incidentally, the actuator can also raise and lower the cutting motor 41 as a rack, a pinion, a cylinder or the like. As shown in FIG. 5, the elevating motor 44 is connected to a controller 46 and is controlled to rotate forward or backward. Further, sensors 47 and 48 including potentiometers for detecting the upper position and the lower position of the cabbage K conveyed by the side conveying device 12 are connected to the controller 46, and the height of the cabbage K is detected. Controller 4
6 is input. The sensors 47 and 48
Is a linear sliding type, which transmits a change in resistance due to sliding of the sliding portion to the controller 46. A fixed plate 50 extends rearward in a direction substantially parallel to the side transport device 12 at a substantially central position on the left and right sides of the drive case 30, and is pivoted in the front-rear direction at the end of the fixed plate 50. The base of the upper sensor 47 is freely pivotally supported, and the sliding portion of the upper sensor 47 is pivotally supported at an intermediate position of the chain case 38 which is a parallel link. The upper portion of the cabbage K being conveyed by the stalk conveying device 14 and the side conveying device 12 is pressed by the upper pressing and conveying device 10, and at the same time, is moved in parallel, and the chain case 38 is turned to rotate the upper case 47. The displacement of the sliding portion is transmitted to the controller 46, and the upper position a of the cabbage K is detected. An arm 52 protrudes from a bracket 51 pivotally supporting the transport portion B of the hydraulic cylinder 5 so as to be vertically swingable, and a contact roller 53 is pivotally supported at a tip end of the arm 52. The contact roller 53 is moved to the side transfer device 12.
The arm 52 extends so as to contact the lower surface of the outer lobe of the cabbage K conveyed by the arm. The arm 52 is provided with a spring 56 to urge the arm 52 upward. Further, a sliding portion of the lower sensor 48 is pivotally supported at an intermediate portion of the arm 52, a base of the lower sensor 48 is disposed below the root conveying device 13, and the base extends below the guide rod 24. It is pivoted by the stay etc. that comes out. Since the height at which the upper end of the stem of the cabbage K is cut differs depending on the size of the cabbage K, the cabbage K is determined by the upper sensor 47 and the lower sensor 48.
The stem is measured at an appropriate position by measuring the size of the stem. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the size of the cabbage K is proportional to the height H.
7 and the signal of the lower sensor 48 are input to the controller 46 and calculated. And the height h of the outer leaves is given by the formula h =
It is determined from αH + β. Α and β are constants determined by the type of the cabbage K to be harvested, and can be set by the controller 46. Accordingly, when the height H is calculated as described above, the height h of the outer lobe can also be calculated, and the contact roller 53 of the lower sensor 48 is in contact with the lower surface of the outer lobe of the cabbage K. Height from 53
The controller 46 drives the elevating motor 44 to rotate the screw shaft 43 so that the disk cutter 25 is positioned at the upper position, and the lower part of the outer leaf of the cabbage K is cut by the disk cutter 25. With this configuration, the height of the cabbage K successively pinched and conveyed is detected by the side conveying device 12, and the cutting height h is calculated by the controller 46. The stem 44 of the cabbage K is cut by controlling the height of the disk cutter 25 by driving the drive 44. The present invention is configured as described above.
The following effects are obtained. In other words, the height of the cutting portion (disk cutter) is adjusted according to the size of the cabbage to be conveyed, so that the lower part of the head portion of the head vegetables can be appropriately cut, and the finishing cut by hand is performed. Work can be omitted. In addition, even when the position of the cabbage sandwiched by the side transport device is not uniform, the lower sensor can detect the lower part of the head vegetables, and the disc cutter can be set to an appropriate position based on the lower part of the head vegetables. Therefore, it is possible to perform finishing cutting, which is cutting of the stem and outer leaves with high accuracy.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side view of a head vegetable harvester of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the transport unit. FIG. 3 is a side view of the transport unit. FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view showing a state in which the height of a head vegetable being transported is detected. FIG. 5 is a control block diagram. [Description of Signs] D Finishing Cutting Part K Head Vegetable 6 Scraping Device 12 Side Transfer Device 14 Stem Transfer Device 25 Disk Cutter 44 Elevating Motor 46 Controller 47 Upper Sensor 48 Lower Sensor

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-7-213139 (JP, A) JP-A-7-143816 (JP, A) JP-A-7-170833 (JP, A) JP-A 7-123837 (JP) , A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 45/26

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] Using a scraping device and a stalk transport device, dig head vegetables from the root and transport using a side transport device,
In a head vegetable harvester that can run while being collected, an upper sensor and a lower sensor are disposed above and below the side transfer device to detect the height of the head vegetables, and an actuator is provided at the rear of the lower sensor and the upper sensor. A head cropping machine, wherein a cutting part configured to be vertically movable is disposed, and the cutting part is positioned by an actuator at an outer leaf cutting position corresponding to the height of the head vegetable.