JP3480618B2 - Photoconductor - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a photoreceptor for use in an electrophotographic apparatus such as a copying machine or a printer, in particular, by
Charge generation layer on the conductive support
And a charge transport layer is formed on the charge generation layer. When a halftone image is formed using the photoreceptor, streak noise is generated. The feature is that there is no gap. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in manufacturing a photoconductor used for an electrophotographic apparatus such as a copying machine or a printer,
In general, after a surface of a conductive support made of a conductive material such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy is cut with a cutting tool or the like, a photosensitive layer is formed on the surface of the conductive support. However, even when the surface of the conductive support is cut with a cutting tool or the like, the surface and the surface of the conductive support have large roughness and undulation, and the photosensitive layer is formed on the surface of the conductive support. When an image is formed by forming the image, there is a problem that a streak-like noise is generated in the formed image. In particular, a charge generation layer is formed on the surface of the conductive support as described above, and a charge transport layer is formed on the charge generation layer.
In the case of forming a function-separated type photosensitive layer in which a charge generation layer is formed, since the thickness of the charge generation layer formed on the surface of the conductive support is very small, the charge generation layer is not formed uniformly. There is a problem that streak-like noise often occurs in an image to be reproduced. [0004] Therefore, in the prior art, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5654, when a photosensitive layer is formed on the surface of a conductive support, the surface roughness of the photosensitive layer is 10 to 30 μm in terms of a maximum height Rmax defined in JIS B0601, and The ten-point average roughness Rz is in the range of 5 to 25 μm,
As shown in JP-A-598981, grooves having a width of 10 to 500 μm and a depth of 0.1 to 100 μm are formed in parallel on the surface of a conductive support on which a photosensitive layer is formed. Was proposed. [0005] However, when a photosensitive layer is formed on the surface of a conductive support as described in each of the above publications and an image is formed using such a photosensitive member, a normal image cannot be obtained. Although there was a certain effect, when forming a halftone image such as a photograph, streak-like noise due to cutting eyes and the like still generated when cutting with a cutting tool etc. still occurs, and a good halftone image is obtained. There was a problem that it could not be obtained. According to the present invention, a charge generating layer is formed on the surface of a conductive support,
It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems in a photoreceptor having a function-separated type photosensitive layer in which a charge transport layer is formed on a layer. Namely, the present invention is a surface as described above
Using a conductive support machined with a cutting tool , forming a charge generating layer on the surface of the conductive support,
In a photoreceptor having a charge transport layer formed on a load generation layer ,
It is an object of the present invention to prevent generation of streak-like noise in an image to be formed when a halftone image is formed using this photoconductor. [0008] In the photoreceptor of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a cylindrical conductive material is used.
A part where the inner peripheral surface of the support has elasticity and hardness is 70 to 88 degrees
In a state where the materials are pressed against each other, the maximum height Rt of the surface roughness is set to 0.
2~1.0μm and filtered maximum waviness _{W CM} 0.4 to
A charge generation layer was formed on a conductive support cut by a cutting tool so as to have a range of 0.8 μm, and a charge transport layer was formed on the charge generation layer. [0009] Here, the conductive maximum height Rt and filtered maximum waviness W _CM of the surface roughness of the support, JIS B0
610. The maximum height Rt is set to a reference length of 0.8 mm, and a surface longer than a wavelength of 0.18 mm is obtained from the cross-sectional curve of the reference length. The undulation component was measured based on the cut-off roughness curve. For the maximum undulation, the reference length was set to 20 mm, and the roughness component shorter than 0.4 mm wavelength from the cross section curve of this reference length. Was measured based on the cut-off undulation curve. Here, when the surface of the conductive support is cut with a cutting tool so that the surface roughness Rt and the maximum filtered waviness W _CM of the surface of the conductive support are in the above-mentioned ranges, the conductive material is cut . Depending on the material of the support and the thickness of the conductive support, etc., the material of the conductive support is hard or thick, and the shape of the cutting tool used for cutting and the feeding of the cutting tool It can be achieved by appropriately adjusting cutting conditions such as speed. On the other hand, when the material constituting the conductive support is a soft material such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, or when the thickness of the conductive support is reduced in order to reduce the material cost, , by simply adjusting the cutting conditions as described above, for the maximum height Rt and filtered maximum waviness W _CM surface roughness of the surface of the conductive support it is difficult in the above range, the tubular A member made of a material having elasticity and a certain degree of hardness, such as rubber, having a hardness of 70 to 88 degrees is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the conductive support formed in Sexual support
To push the inner peripheral surface toward the outer peripheral side . Also, with regard to a cutting tool for cutting, the larger the R of the tip shape, the finer the surface roughness of the cut surface of the conductive support, so it is preferable to use a cutting tool with a large R in the tip shape. . In the photoreceptor of the present invention, a charge-generating layer is formed on the surface of a conductive support, and a charge-separation type photosensitive layer having a charge transport layer formed thereon is provided. , The inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical conductive support has elasticity and hardness.
The surface of the conductive support is cut with a cutting tool with a member having a thickness of 70 to 88 degrees pressed against the surface, and the maximum height Rt of the surface roughness on the surface is 0.2 to 1.0 μm.
As well as a range of, for filtered maximum waviness W _CM on the surface thereof so as to use those now in the range of 0.4 ～0.8Myuemu, thin charge generating layer having a film thickness on the surface of the conductive support Is formed, the influence on the thickness of the charge generation layer is reduced. When a halftone image is formed using such a photosensitive member, no streak-like noise is generated due to a change in the thickness of the charge generation layer. The photoreceptor of the present invention using a conductive support which satisfies the conditions of the present invention will be specifically described below, and a comparison using a conductive support which does not satisfy the conditions of the present invention will be given. It is clarified that the photoconductor of the example is superior to the photoconductor of the example. Embodiment 1 In this embodiment, an aluminum alloy (6063 material) having a diameter of 80 mm and a length of 350 was used as the conductive support 1.
A chloroprene rubber plate 2 having a hardness of 70 to 88 degrees measured by a spring type hardness tester A type specified in JIS K6301 is used. As shown in FIG. 1, the rubber plate 2 was rounded into a cylindrical shape, and the cylindrical rubber plate 2 was inserted into the inner peripheral side of the conductive support 1. Is brought into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the conductive support 1 and the elastic support force of the rubber plate 2 causes the conductive support 1
Was pressed to the outer peripheral side. With the rubber plate 2 adhered to the inner peripheral surface of the conductive support 1 in this way, the tip R
mm cutting tool, and the cutting allowance is 0.1
The outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1 was cut at 5 mm. Here, the roughness curve and the undulation curve on the outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1 thus cut are obtained using a SURCOM 500B manufactured by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd.
On the basis of the roughness curve, the maximum height Rt of the surface roughness on the outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1 is determined. the swell W _CM was measured. FIG. 2A shows the roughness curve,
Shows the waviness curve in FIG. (B), also Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Example the maximum height Rt and filtered maximum waviness W _CM surface roughness of the outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1, will be described later The results are shown in Table 1 together with those of Examples 1 and 2. As for the roughness curve shown in FIG. 2A, the surface undulation component longer than the wavelength of 0.8 mm is cut off from the cross-sectional curve with the reference length set to 0.8 mm as described above. As for the undulation curve shown in FIG.
The roughness component shorter than the wavelength of 0.4 mm is cut off from the cross-sectional curve set to m. Embodiment 2 In this embodiment, the conductive support 1 is made of an aluminum alloy (3003 material) with a diameter of 80 mm and a length of 350 mm.
A chloroprene rubber rubber plate 2 was formed into a cylindrical shape on the inner peripheral side of the conductive support 1 in the same manner as in Example 1 above by using a cylindrical member having a thickness of 1 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. An object was inserted, and the inner peripheral surface of the conductive support 1 was pushed outward by the elastic restoring force of the rubber plate 2. In this state, the tip R of the cutting tool is 10 m.
The outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1 is cut by a cutting bit of 0.03 mm with a cutting bit of 0.03 mm, and the maximum height R of the surface roughness on the outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1 thus cut is obtained.
The t and the filtered maximum swell W _CM were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 above, and the results are shown in Table 1. (Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, the conductive support 1 is made of an aluminum alloy (1100 material) with a diameter of 80 mm and a length of 350 mm.
A chloroprene rubber rubber plate 2 was formed into a cylindrical shape on the inner peripheral side of the conductive support 1 in the same manner as in Example 1 above by using a cylindrical member having a thickness of 1 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. An object was inserted, and the inner peripheral surface of the conductive support 1 was pushed outward by the elastic restoring force of the rubber plate 2. In this state, the tip R of the cutting tool is 1 mm.
The outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1 is cut with a cutting margin of 0.15 mm using a cutting tool, and the maximum height Rt of the surface roughness on the outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1 thus cut is obtained.
And filtered maximum waviness W _CM, measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1. (Comparative Example 1) In this comparative example, the conductive support 1 was made of an aluminum alloy (6063 material) in a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 80 mm, a length of 350 mm, and a wall thickness of 1 mm, as in Example 1 above. On the other hand, in this comparative example, as shown in FIG. 3, a holding member 3 formed into a column shape with a sponge is inserted into the inner peripheral side of the conductive support 1 and held. I made it. In this state, the tip R of the cutting tool is 1 mm.
The outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1 is cut with a cutting margin of 0.15 mm using a cutting tool, and the maximum height Rt of the surface roughness on the outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1 thus cut is obtained.
And filtered maximum waviness W _CM, measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1. (Comparative Example 2) In this comparative example, the conductive support 1 was made of an aluminum alloy (6063 material) in the same manner as in Example 1 and was formed into a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 80 mm, a length of 350 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm. On the other hand, in this comparative example, a holding member 3 formed in a columnar shape with styrofoam was inserted and held in the inner peripheral side of the conductive support 1 in the comparative example. In this state, the tip R of the cutting tool is 10 m.
The outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1 is cut with a cutting bit of 0.15 mm using a cutting tool of m, and the maximum height R of the surface roughness on the outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1 thus cut is obtained.
The t and the filtered maximum swell W _CM were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 above, and the results are shown in Table 1. [Table 1] As a result, a rubber plate 2 formed by rounding a rubber plate 2 is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the conductive support 1 as in Examples 1 to 3 above, and the cylindrical rubber plate 2 is used. In a case where the inner peripheral surface of the conductive support 1 is pushed to the outer peripheral side, the holding member 3 formed into a cylindrical shape with a sponge or foamed styrene is inserted into the inner peripheral side of the conductive support 1 and held. than that of, despite performing cutting under the same conditions, the maximum height Rt and filtered maximum waviness W _CM surface roughness in the cutting has been an outer circumferential surface 1a is reduced, satisfy this invention It became so. Next, Embodiment 1 cut as described above
Each of the conductive supports 1 of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was washed with pure water to remove oil and swarf.
Was immersed in warm pure water and pulled up, and then 1 part by weight of a charge generating material composed of a bisazo pigment shown in Chemical Formula 1 below and 1 part by weight of a polyester resin (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .: Byron-200) were added to 98 parts by weight of cyclohexanone. In addition, using the coating liquid for a charge generation layer dispersed by a sand grinder, the coating liquid for a charge generation layer is applied to the outer peripheral surface 1a of each conductive support 1 described above.
The charge generating layer having a thickness of 0.3 μm was formed on the outer peripheral surface 1a of each conductive support 1 by dip coating. Embedded image Next, 13 parts by weight of a charge transporting material composed of a butadiene derivative represented by the following chemical formula 2 and 13 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin (K-1300 manufactured by Teijin Chemicals Ltd.) are dissolved in 87 parts by weight of dichloromethane to cause charge transport. Using a coating liquid for a layer, this coating liquid for a charge transport layer is applied to the outer peripheral surface 1a of each conductive support 1 on which the charge generation layer is formed as described above by a dip coating method, and dried and dried. Film thickness is 20
A charge transport layer having a thickness of μm is formed, and a photosensitive layer including a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer is laminated on the outer peripheral surface 1a of each conductive support 1 of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Examples A1 to A3 and Comparative Examples A1 and A2 were obtained. Embedded image When the charge generating layer is formed on the conductive support 1 using the conductive support 1 of Example 2, the bisazo pigment is changed to a metal-free phthalocyanine and the resin is used as a resin. A photoreceptor of Example A4 was obtained in which a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer were formed in the same manner as described above except that a polyvinyl butyral resin (Elex BX-1 manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used. Each of the photoreceptors of Examples A1 to A4 and Comparative Examples A1 and A2 was used in a modified commercial copying machine (EP4050, manufactured by Minolta), and the density measured by a Macbeth densitometer was used. The generation of streak-like noise based on the cutting line was examined for the initial image when the 0.6 grayscale document was copied up to 10 sheets and for the endurable image after the 180,000 sheets were copied. The results are shown in Table 2. Note that in Table 2, ○ indicates that no streak-like noise was generated, or that there was no practical problem even if the streak-like noise was generated, and x indicates that the streak-like noise was generated.
Indicated by [Table 2] [0036] As is apparent from this result, the maximum height Rt and filtered maximum waviness W _CM surface roughness of the outer peripheral surface 1a of the conductive support 1 to form a photosensitive layer satisfies the condition of the present invention In each of the photoconductors of Examples A1 to A4 using each of the conductive supports 1 of Examples 1 to 3,
Even after a printing test of 80,000 sheets, no streak-like noise was generated in the formed image by cutting edges, and a favorable halftone image could be stably formed. On the other hand, in each of the photoconductors of Comparative Examples A1 and A2 using the conductive supports of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, which do not satisfy the conditions of the present invention,
When a halftone image is copied, a streak-like noise due to a cut is generated in an image formed from the beginning,
Even if it did not occur in the early stage, after the 180,000-sheet endurance test, streak-like noise due to the cutting edges occurred,
Good halftone image formation could not be performed stably. As described in detail above, in the photoreceptor according to the present invention, a charge generation layer is formed on a conductive support cut by a cutting tool, and the charge generation layer is formed on the charge generation layer. In forming the charge transport layer, a cylindrical conductive support
A member with elasticity on the inner peripheral surface and hardness of 70 to 88 degrees is pressed.
In this state, the surface of the conductive support is
Cutting and Te, the maximum surface roughness of the surface of the conductive support with height Rt is in the range of 0.2 to 1.0 [mu] m, filtered maximum waviness _{W CM} at the surface of 0.4 to
Since the thickness is in the range of 0.8 μm, even when a thin charge generation layer is formed on the surface of the conductive support, the influence on the thickness of the formed charge generation layer is reduced. Even when a halftone image is formed using this photoconductor, no streak-like noise is generated in the formed image due to a change in the thickness of the photosensitive layer. Image formation can be performed stably.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing a state in which a rubber plate is rounded and arranged on the inner peripheral side of a conductive support in manufacturing the conductive supports of Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a roughness curve and a waviness curve of a cut outer peripheral surface of the conductive support according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a holding member formed into a columnar shape with a sponge or a foamed styrene is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the conductive support when manufacturing the conductive supports of Comparative Examples 1 and 2; It is. [Description of Signs] 1 Conductive support 1a Surface (outer peripheral surface) of conductive support

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Hiroshi Takao               2-13-13 Azuchicho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City Large               Osaka International Building Minolta Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mitsuru Kawamoto               2-13-13 Azuchicho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City Large               Osaka International Building Minolta Co., Ltd.                (56) References JP-A-1-123246 (JP, A)                 JP-A-1-260456 (JP, A)                 JP-A-4-242744 (JP, A)                 JP-A-2-103556 (JP, A)                 JP-A-1-316752 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] The inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical conductive support has elasticity.
Hardness What is in a state of being pressed against the 70-88 ° member, the maximum height Rt of the surface roughness of the 0.2~1.0μm and filtered maximum waviness _{W CM} is 0.4 ～0.8Myuemu A photoreceptor comprising: a charge generation layer formed on a conductive support cut by a cutting tool so as to have a range; and a charge transport layer formed on the charge generation layer.