JP3473576B2 - Antenna device and transmitting / receiving device - Google Patents
Antenna device and transmitting / receiving deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3473576B2 JP3473576B2 JP2000369951A JP2000369951A JP3473576B2 JP 3473576 B2 JP3473576 B2 JP 3473576B2 JP 2000369951 A JP2000369951 A JP 2000369951A JP 2000369951 A JP2000369951 A JP 2000369951A JP 3473576 B2 JP3473576 B2 JP 3473576B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- dielectric
- primary radiator
- dielectric line
- line
- lens
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- Waveguides (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、たとえばミリ波
帯の電磁波を送受波して探知物体までの距離や相対速度
を計測するレーダ等に用いられるアンテナ装置および送
受信装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an antenna device and a transmission / reception device used in a radar or the like for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves in the millimeter wave band to measure the distance to a detection object and the relative speed.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】たとえば道路を走行中に、前方または後
方を走行する車両との距離や相対速度を計測することな
どを目的として、いわゆる車載用ミリ波レーダが開発さ
れている。このようなミリ波レーダの送受信装置は一般
に、ミリ波発振器、サーキュレータ、方向性結合器、ミ
キサ、アンテナ等が一体化されたモジュールから成り、
車両の前部または後部に取りつけられる。2. Description of the Related Art For example, so-called on-vehicle millimeter-wave radar has been developed for the purpose of measuring a distance and a relative speed to a vehicle traveling forward or backward while traveling on a road. Such a millimeter-wave radar transmitter / receiver generally comprises a module in which a millimeter-wave oscillator, a circulator, a directional coupler, a mixer, an antenna, etc. are integrated.
Mounted on the front or rear of the vehicle.
【０００３】たとえば図２１において、右側の車両はそ
の前方を走行する車両（図における左側の車両）との相
対距離および相対速度を、たとえばＦＭ−ＣＷ方式でミ
リ波を送受波することによって計測する。図２２はミリ
波レーダの全体の構成を示すブロック図である。同図に
おいて送受信装置およびアンテナは、図２１に示した例
では、車両の前部に取り付けられ、信号処理装置は通常
任意の箇所に設けられる。信号処理装置内の信号処理部
は送受信装置を用いて、前方を走行する車両までの距離
と相対速度を数値情報として抽出し、制御・警報部で
は、自車の走行速度と車間距離との関係から、たとえば
予め定めた条件を満たすときに警報を発したり、前方車
両との相対速度が予め定めたしきい値を超えたときに警
報を発する。For example, in FIG. 21, a vehicle on the right side measures a relative distance and a relative speed to a vehicle traveling in front of it (a vehicle on the left side in the figure) by transmitting and receiving a millimeter wave by the FM-CW system, for example. . FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the millimeter wave radar. In the example shown in FIG. 21, the transmission / reception device and the antenna are attached to the front part of the vehicle in FIG. 21, and the signal processing device is usually provided at an arbitrary position. The signal processing unit in the signal processing device uses a transmitter / receiver to extract the distance to the vehicle traveling ahead and the relative speed as numerical information.The control / alarm unit uses the relationship between the traveling speed of the vehicle and the inter-vehicle distance. Therefore, for example, an alarm is issued when a predetermined condition is satisfied, or an alarm is issued when the relative speed with respect to the vehicle ahead exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、従来のミリ
波レーダにおいては、アンテナの指向方向が固定である
ため、次に述べるように、条件によっては目的通りの探
知や計測が行われない場合が生じる。すなわち、たとえ
ば図１８に示すように複数車線の道路を車両が走行して
いる場合に、前方に存在する他の車両から反射する電波
を受信するだけでは、その車両が自車が現在走行してい
る車線上に存在するのか否かが直ちには判定できない。
すなわち図１８において自車ＣｍからＢ２で示す放射ビ
ームで電波を送波した場合に、前方を走行する車両Ｃａ
からの反射波とともに対向車線を走行する車両Ｃｂから
の反射波も受波することになり、後者の反射波により求
められる相対速度は非常に大きな値となって、誤って警
報が出されるといった不都合が生じる。また図１９に示
す例では、自車ＣｍがＢ１で示す放射ビームで前方に電
波を送波しても車線に沿って前方を走行している車両Ｃ
ａを探知することはできない。さらに図２０に示すよう
に、起伏のある道路を走行中に、自車Ｃｍが前方にＢ１
で示す放射ビームで電波の送波を行っても前方の車両Ｃ
ａを探知することはできない。By the way, in the conventional millimeter-wave radar, since the pointing direction of the antenna is fixed, the desired detection or measurement may not be performed depending on the conditions as described below. Occurs. That is, for example, when a vehicle is traveling on a road having a plurality of lanes as shown in FIG. 18, if the vehicle is currently traveling, the vehicle is currently traveling only by receiving a radio wave reflected from another vehicle in front. It cannot be immediately determined whether or not the vehicle is in the existing lane.
That is, when radio waves are transmitted from the own vehicle Cm in FIG. 18 with a radiation beam indicated by B2, the vehicle Ca traveling in front of
The reflected wave from the vehicle Cb traveling in the opposite lane is also received together with the reflected wave from the vehicle, and the relative speed obtained by the latter reflected wave becomes a very large value, and an alarm is erroneously issued. Occurs. In the example shown in FIG. 19, the vehicle Cm traveling forward along the lane even if the vehicle Cm transmits a radio wave forward with the radiation beam indicated by B1.
It cannot detect a. Further, as shown in FIG. 20, while traveling on an uneven road, the vehicle Cm moves forward B1
Vehicle C ahead even if radio waves are transmitted by the radiation beam shown in
It cannot detect a.
【０００５】そこで、放射ビームの方向を変化させて上
述した問題を解消することが考えられる。たとえば図１
８に示した例では、放射ビームをＢ１〜Ｂ３の範囲で変
化させ、演算処理によって各ビーム方向での計測結果を
比較することにより前方の角度方向に近接する２つの探
知物体を分離探知することができる。また図１９に示し
た例では、ハンドル操作（ステアリングホイールの舵
角）や、前方を撮像するカメラからの画像情報を解析す
ることによって車線のカーブを判定し、それに応じた方
向に、たとえばＢ２で示す方向に放射ビームを向けるこ
とによって、前方の車両Ｃａを探知することができる。
さらに図２０に示した例でも前方を撮像するカメラから
の画像情報を解析することによって道路の起伏を判定
し、それに応じた方向に、たとえばＢ２で示す方向に放
射ビームを上げることによって、前方の車両Ｃａを探知
することができる。Therefore, it is conceivable to change the direction of the radiation beam to solve the above-mentioned problems. Figure 1
In the example shown in FIG. 8, the radiation beam is changed in the range of B1 to B3, and the detection results are compared in the respective beam directions by the calculation processing to separately detect two detection objects that are close to each other in the forward angular direction. You can In the example shown in FIG. 19, the curve of the lane is determined by analyzing the steering wheel operation (steering angle of the steering wheel) and the image information from the camera that images the front, and in the corresponding direction, for example, at B2. By directing the radiation beam in the direction shown, it is possible to detect the vehicle Ca ahead.
Furthermore, in the example shown in FIG. 20 as well, by analyzing the image information from the camera that images the front, the undulation of the road is determined, and by raising the radiation beam in the direction corresponding thereto, for example, in the direction indicated by B2, the front The vehicle Ca can be detected.
【０００６】ところが、従来のマイクロ波帯やミリ波帯
の送受信装置において電磁波の放射ビームの指向方向を
変える方法は、アンテナを含む送受信装置の筐体全体を
単にモータ等で回転させて、放射ビームの方向を変化
（チルト）させるものであるため、全体に大型であり、
放射ビームの方向を高速に走査（以下「スキャン」とい
う。）させることも困難であった。However, the conventional method for changing the directivity of the radiation beam of the electromagnetic wave in the transmission / reception device of the microwave band or millimeter wave band is to rotate the entire housing of the transmission / reception device including the antenna simply by a motor or the like, and Since it changes (tilt) the direction of,
It was also difficult to scan the direction of the radiation beam at high speed (hereinafter referred to as “scan”).
【０００７】この発明の目的はこのような従来の問題を
解消して、全体に容易に小型化でき、指向方向を高速に
切り換えるのに適したアンテナ装置およびそれを用いた
送受信装置を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems and to provide an antenna device which can be easily downsized as a whole and which is suitable for switching the pointing direction at high speed, and a transmitting / receiving device using the antenna device. It is in.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明は、誘電体レン
ズと１次放射器とからなるアンテナ装置であって、可動
部分の質量を低減し、その慣性を小さくして高速にスキ
ャンできるようにするために、前記１次放射器に備えら
れた第１の誘電体線路と、該第１の誘電体線路に近接す
る第２の誘電体線路とによって方向性結合器を構成し、
該方向性結合器を前記１次放射器の入出力部として、第
１の誘電体線路と第２の誘電体線路との結合を保ったま
ま、前記第１の誘電体線路と前記１次放射器とを移動さ
せて、前記誘電体レンズと前記１次放射器との相対位置
関係を変位させる手段を設ける。これにより誘電体レン
ズと１次放射器の相対位置関係を変えることによって、
誘電体レンズの焦点面内で１次放射器の位置を変位さ
せ、誘電体レンズと１次放射器の位置関係から定まるビ
ームの指向方向を変化させる。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an antenna device comprising a dielectric lens and a primary radiator, which reduces the mass of a movable part and reduces its inertia so that scanning can be performed at high speed. to, et al provided in the primary radiator
The first dielectric line and the second dielectric line adjacent to the first dielectric line to form a directional coupler,
Using the directional coupler as an input / output unit of the primary radiator, the first dielectric line and the primary radiation are maintained while the coupling between the first dielectric line and the second dielectric line is maintained. And means for moving the container to displace the relative positional relationship between the dielectric lens and the primary radiator. By changing the relative positional relationship between the dielectric lens and the primary radiator,
The position of the primary radiator is displaced within the focal plane of the dielectric lens to change the beam directing direction determined by the positional relationship between the dielectric lens and the primary radiator.
【０００９】また、この発明は、上記方向性結合器の結
合量を約０ｄＢとする。これにより、方向性結合器にお
ける伝送損失を極力抑えて、アンテナの能率の低下を防
止する。Further, according to the present invention, the coupling amount of the directional coupler is set to about 0 dB. This suppresses the transmission loss in the directional coupler as much as possible, and prevents the efficiency of the antenna from decreasing.
【００１０】また、この発明は、上記誘電体線路を非放
射性誘電体線路とする。これにより、伝送損失を低減す
る。また、線路外部への不要輻射を防止し、且つ線路外
部からの不要信号の入射を防止して、アンテナの利得等
の総合特性を向上させる。Further, according to the present invention, the dielectric line is a non-radiative dielectric line. This reduces transmission loss. In addition, unnecessary radiation to the outside of the line is prevented, and unnecessary signals from the outside of the line are prevented from entering to improve the overall characteristics such as the gain of the antenna.
【００１１】また、この発明は、上記第２の誘電体線路
に、送信部、受信部および送信信号と受信信号とを分離
するサーキュレータを接続して送受共用にする。これに
より１次放射器の入出力部である第１の誘電体線路に結
合する第２の誘電体線路部分を送受共用にすることがで
き、上記方向性結合器を用いて可動部分を構成すること
による大型化を避ける。Further, according to the present invention, a transmitting section, a receiving section, and a circulator for separating a transmission signal and a reception signal are connected to the second dielectric line so as to be used for both transmission and reception. As a result, the second dielectric line portion that is coupled to the first dielectric line, which is the input / output unit of the primary radiator, can be used for both transmission and reception, and the directional coupler is used to configure the movable portion. Avoid increasing size.
【００１２】また、この発明は、上記いずれかの構成か
らなるアンテナ装置に、誘電体レンズと１次放射器との
相対位置関係を変位させる駆動部を設けて送受信装置を
構成する。これにより、アンテナの指向方向をスキャン
させることのできる小型の送受信装置を得る。Further, according to the present invention, a transmitting / receiving device is constituted by providing a driving unit for displacing the relative positional relationship between the dielectric lens and the primary radiator to the antenna device having any one of the above configurations. As a result, a small transmission / reception device capable of scanning the directional direction of the antenna is obtained.
【００１３】さらに、この発明は、発振器と、第１の誘
電体線路と、前記発振器からの発振信号が放射しさらに
探知物体からの反射波が入射する開口部と、前記第１の
誘電体線路と当該第１の誘電体線路に近接する第２の誘
電体線路とによって方向性結合器を構成し、該方向性結
合器を１次放射器の入出力部とし、第１の誘電体線路と
第２の誘電体線路との結合を保ったまま前記１次放射器
を移動させて、前記誘電体レンズと前記１次放射器との
相対位置関係を変位させる手段と、誘電体レンズとを含
んでなるアンテナ装置と、前記探知物体からの反射波
と、前記発振器からの発振信号の一部によって構成され
るローカル信号とが入力されるミキサとを含んで、レー
ダ用送受信装置を構成する。 これにより、探知能力に
優れ、高速スキャン可能なレーダを得る。Furthermore, the present invention includes an oscillator and a first dielectric line, and an opening which reflected waves from the further detection object oscillation signal is radiated from the oscillator is incident, the first dielectric waveguide And a second dielectric line adjacent to the first dielectric line, form a directional coupler, and the directional coupler is connected.
The combiner serves as an input / output unit of the primary radiator, and the primary radiator is moved while maintaining the coupling between the first dielectric line and the second dielectric line, and the dielectric lens and the first dielectric line are connected to each other. An antenna device including means for displacing the relative positional relationship with the secondary radiator, a dielectric lens, a reflected wave from the detection object, and a local signal formed by a part of an oscillation signal from the oscillator. And a mixer to which is input, and a radar transmitter / receiver is configured. As a result, a radar having excellent detection ability and capable of high-speed scanning is obtained.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】この発明の第１の実施形態に係る
アンテナ装置および送受信装置の構成を図１〜図７を参
照して説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The configurations of an antenna device and a transmitting / receiving device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
【００１５】図１は誘電体レンズと１次放射器との位置
関係および放射ビームの指向性との関係を示す図であ
る。同図において１は１次放射器であり、その放射方向
を中心軸として誘電体レンズ２を配置している。（Ａ）
〜（Ｃ）は誘電体レンズ２を固定、１次放射器１を可動
とした場合の例であり、（Ａ）に示すように１次放射器
１の放射方向に誘電体レンズ２の中心軸が一致している
場合、誘電体レンズ２の正面方向に放射ビームＢが指向
するが、（Ｂ）および（Ｃ）に示すように１次放射器１
が誘電体レンズ２の焦点面内で変位した場合、その変位
方向とは逆方向に放射ビームＢが指向することになる。
（Ｄ）〜（Ｆ）は１次放射器を固定、誘電体レンズ２側
を可動とした場合の例であり、１次放射器１の放射方向
に誘電体レンズ２の中心軸が一致している場合には、誘
電体レンズ２の正面方向に放射ビームＢが指向するが、
（Ｅ）および（Ｆ）に示すように誘電体レンズ２がその
中心軸に垂直な方向に変位した場合、その変位方向に放
射ビームＢが指向することになる。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the dielectric lens and the primary radiator and the relationship with the directivity of the radiation beam. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a primary radiator, and a dielectric lens 2 is arranged with its radiation direction as a central axis. (A)
(C) is an example when the dielectric lens 2 is fixed and the primary radiator 1 is movable. As shown in (A), the central axis of the dielectric lens 2 is in the radial direction of the primary radiator 1. , The radiation beam B is directed in the front direction of the dielectric lens 2, but as shown in (B) and (C), the primary radiator 1
When is displaced in the focal plane of the dielectric lens 2, the radiation beam B is directed in the direction opposite to the displacement direction.
(D) to (F) are examples in which the primary radiator is fixed and the dielectric lens 2 side is movable, and the central axis of the dielectric lens 2 is aligned with the radiation direction of the primary radiator 1. If there is, the radiation beam B is directed in the front direction of the dielectric lens 2,
When the dielectric lens 2 is displaced in the direction perpendicular to its central axis as shown in (E) and (F), the radiation beam B is directed in the displacement direction.
【００１６】図２は誘電体レンズと１次放射器との成す
角度を変えて放射ビームの指向方向を変えるようにした
場合であり、（Ａ）に示すように、１次放射器１の放射
方向が誘電体レンズ２の中心軸方向を向いている場合に
は、誘電体レンズ２の正面方向に放射ビームＢが指向す
るが、（Ｂ）および（Ｃ）に示すように１次放射器１に
対する誘電体レンズの軸方向を変えることによって、そ
の方向に放射ビームＢが指向することになる。FIG. 2 shows a case where the angle formed by the dielectric lens and the primary radiator is changed to change the directing direction of the radiation beam. As shown in FIG. When the direction is the direction of the central axis of the dielectric lens 2, the radiation beam B is directed in the front direction of the dielectric lens 2, but as shown in (B) and (C), the primary radiator 1 By changing the axial direction of the dielectric lens relative to, the radiation beam B will be directed in that direction.
【００１７】図３は誘電体レンズ２に対する１次放射器
１の焦点面内での変位（オフセット）量を変えた時の放
射ビームの指向角（チルト角）の測定結果を示す。ここ
で誘電体レンズ２としては、比誘電率εｒ＝２．３のＰ
Ｅを用い、その開口径φを７５ｍｍ、焦点距離ｄを２
２．５ｍｍとし、１次放射器１としてはホーンアンテナ
を用いた。このように１次放射器１のオフセット量を０
〜５ｍｍの範囲で変位させることによって、放射ビーム
のチルト角を０〜７°の範囲で変位させることができ
る。FIG. 3 shows the measurement result of the directivity angle (tilt angle) of the radiation beam when the displacement (offset) amount of the primary radiator 1 with respect to the dielectric lens 2 is changed. Here, as the dielectric lens 2, P having a relative permittivity εr = 2.3 is used.
E, the aperture diameter φ is 75 mm, and the focal length d is 2
A horn antenna was used as the primary radiator 1 with a size of 2.5 mm. Thus, the offset amount of the primary radiator 1 is set to 0
By displacing in the range of ˜5 mm, the tilt angle of the radiation beam can be displaced in the range of 0 to 7 °.
【００１８】図４は１次放射器に対する誘電体レンズ２
の軸方向を変化させた時の放射ビームの指向角（チルト
角）の測定結果を示す。ここで誘電体レンズ２として
は、比誘電率εｒ＝２．３のＰＥを用い、その開口径φ
を７５ｍｍ、焦点距離ｄを２１．０ｍｍとし、１次放射
器１としては非放射性誘電体線路（ＮＲＤガイド）によ
り励振される誘電体共振器による垂直１次放射器を用い
た。このように誘電体レンズ２の角度を０〜５°の範囲
で変化させることによって、放射ビームのチルト角を０
〜９°の範囲で変位させることができる。FIG. 4 shows a dielectric lens 2 for the primary radiator.
The measurement result of the directivity angle (tilt angle) of the radiation beam when the axial direction of is changed is shown. Here, as the dielectric lens 2, PE having a relative permittivity εr = 2.3 is used, and its aperture diameter φ
Is 75 mm, the focal length d is 21.0 mm, and the primary radiator 1 is a vertical primary radiator with a dielectric resonator excited by a non-radiative dielectric line (NRD guide). In this way, by changing the angle of the dielectric lens 2 in the range of 0 to 5 °, the tilt angle of the radiation beam is set to 0.
It can be displaced in the range of ~ 9 °.
【００１９】図５は送受信装置の構成を示す断面図であ
る。同図において３は１次放射器１を含む送受信部を収
める筐体であり、その開口部（図における上部）に誘電
体レンズ２を取りつけている。筐体３の内部において、
１次放射器１は駆動部４を介して取りつけていて、駆動
部４は１次放射器１を放射方向に垂直な面方向に変位さ
せる。この駆動部４はたとえばリニアモータやソレノイ
ド等から構成する。この構造によって、図１の（Ａ）〜
（Ｃ）に示したように誘電体レンズ２と１次放射器１と
の相対位置関係を変化させて放射ビームをチルトさせ
る。FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the structure of the transmitting / receiving apparatus. In the figure, reference numeral 3 is a housing for housing a transmitting / receiving unit including the primary radiator 1, and a dielectric lens 2 is attached to the opening (upper part in the drawing). Inside the housing 3,
The primary radiator 1 is attached via a drive unit 4, and the drive unit 4 displaces the primary radiator 1 in a plane direction perpendicular to the radial direction. The drive unit 4 is composed of, for example, a linear motor or a solenoid. With this structure, (A) to FIG.
As shown in (C), the relative positional relationship between the dielectric lens 2 and the primary radiator 1 is changed to tilt the radiation beam.
【００２０】図６は送受信装置の他の構成例を示す断面
図である。同図において筐体３の内部には１次放射器１
を含む送受信部全体を固定していて、誘電体レンズ２を
駆動部４を介して筐体３の開口部に取りつけている。こ
の駆動部４はソレノイドやリニアモータ等からなり、誘
電体レンズ２をその中心軸に垂直な面方向に変位させ
る。これにより図１の（Ｄ）〜（Ｆ）に示したように、
１次放射器に対して誘電体レンズを変位させて放射ビー
ムをチルトさせる。FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing another example of the structure of the transmitting / receiving apparatus. In the figure, the primary radiator 1 is provided inside the housing 3.
The entire transmission / reception section including is fixed, and the dielectric lens 2 is attached to the opening of the housing 3 via the drive section 4. The drive unit 4 is composed of a solenoid, a linear motor, etc., and displaces the dielectric lens 2 in a plane direction perpendicular to the central axis thereof. As a result, as shown in (D) to (F) of FIG.
The dielectric lens is displaced with respect to the primary radiator to tilt the radiation beam.
【００２１】なお、図２に示したように１次放射器に対
する誘電体レンズの成す角度を変える場合にも、基本的
に図６に示した構造を採ることができる。すなわち図６
において左右２つの駆動部４をそれぞれ変位させて、誘
電体レンズの軸方向が変化するように構成すればよい。
また、誘電体レンズに対する１次放射器の成す角度を変
化させる場合には、基本的に図５に示した構造を採るこ
とができる。すなわち図５において左右２つの駆動部４
をそれぞれ変位させて、１次放射器の軸方向が変化する
ように構成すればよい。以上に述べた例では、説明上紙
面の面内方向に１次放射器または誘電体レンズを変位さ
せるように説明したが、図１８〜図２０に示したよう
に、車両の正面方向の探知を行うミリ波レーダのよう
に、左右方向だけでなく、上下方向にも放射ビームをチ
ルトさせる場合には、１次放射器または誘電体レンズを
２次元方向に変位させればよい。図７は誘電体レンズの
軸方向から見た送受信装置の正面図である。この場合、
誘電体レンズに対して１次放射器１をｘ軸方向およびｙ
軸方向に相対的に変位させることによって、放射ビーム
をｘ軸方向およびｙ軸方向にチルトさせる。Incidentally, even when the angle formed by the dielectric lens with respect to the primary radiator is changed as shown in FIG. 2, the structure shown in FIG. 6 can be basically adopted. That is, FIG.
In, the left and right drive units 4 may be respectively displaced so that the axial direction of the dielectric lens changes.
Further, when changing the angle formed by the primary radiator with respect to the dielectric lens, the structure shown in FIG. 5 can be basically adopted. That is, in FIG.
May be respectively displaced to change the axial direction of the primary radiator. In the example described above, the primary radiator or the dielectric lens is displaced in the in-plane direction of the plane of description, but as shown in FIGS. 18 to 20, the detection in the front direction of the vehicle is performed. When the radiation beam is tilted not only in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction as in the case of the millimeter wave radar, the primary radiator or the dielectric lens may be displaced in the two-dimensional direction. FIG. 7 is a front view of the transmission / reception device viewed from the axial direction of the dielectric lens. in this case,
Set the primary radiator 1 in the x-axis direction and y with respect to the dielectric lens.
The relative displacement in the axial direction tilts the radiation beam in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction.
【００２２】次に第２の実施形態に係るアンテナ装置お
よび送受信装置の構成を図８〜図１４を参照して説明す
る。Next, the configurations of the antenna device and the transmission / reception device according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
【００２３】図８は送受信装置全体の構成を示す概略図
であり、この第２の実施形態では、筐体３内部において
１次放射器１を図における左右方向に変位させることに
よって放射ビームを図における左右方向にチルトさせ
る。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the transmitting / receiving apparatus. In the second embodiment, the radiation beam is generated by displacing the primary radiator 1 in the left-right direction in the figure inside the housing 3. Tilt left and right in.
【００２４】図９はこの第２の実施形態に係る送受信装
置で用いる誘電体線路の構造を示す部分斜視図である。
同図において１０１，１０２はそれぞれ導電体板であ
り、（Ｂ），（Ｄ）で示す例では、この２つの導電体板
の間に誘電体ストリップ１００を挟み込む形態で誘電体
線路を構成している。また（Ａ），（Ｃ）で示す例で
は、導電体板１０１，１０２の間に誘電体ストリップ１
００ａ，１００ｂとともに、基板１０３を挟み込むよう
に設けて、誘電体ストリップの伝送方向に平行な面を持
つ基板を同時に形成している。また（Ａ），（Ｂ）と
（Ｃ），（Ｄ）の違いは、導電体板１０１，１０２の溝
の有無である。（Ａ），（Ｂ）のように溝を形成すると
ともに、誘電体ストリップによる伝搬域と誘電体ストリ
ップのない非伝搬域の導電体板の間隔および誘電体スト
リップの誘電率を定めて、ＬＳＭ０１モードの遮断周波
数をＬＳＥ０１モードの遮断周波数より低くなるように
設定すれば、誘電体ストリップのベンド部の曲率半径等
に関わらず、常にＬＳＭ０１モードの単一モードで伝送
を行うことが可能となる。これにより全体に小型化し、
かつ低損失化を図ることができる。図９に示した各構造
の誘電体線路は、必要に応じて用いればよい。FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view showing the structure of the dielectric line used in the transmitting / receiving apparatus according to the second embodiment.
In the figure, 101 and 102 are conductor plates, respectively, and in the examples shown in (B) and (D), the dielectric strip 100 is sandwiched between the two conductor plates to form a dielectric line. In the examples shown in (A) and (C), the dielectric strip 1 is provided between the conductor plates 101 and 102.
00a and 100b are provided so as to sandwich the substrate 103, and a substrate having a surface parallel to the transmission direction of the dielectric strip is simultaneously formed. The difference between (A) and (B) and (C) and (D) is the presence or absence of grooves in the conductor plates 101 and 102. The grooves are formed as in (A) and (B), and the distance between the conductor plates in the propagation region by the dielectric strip and the non-propagation region without the dielectric strip and the dielectric constant of the dielectric strip are set to determine the LSM01 mode. If the cutoff frequency is set to be lower than the cutoff frequency in the LSE01 mode, it is possible to always perform transmission in the single mode of the LSM01 mode regardless of the radius of curvature of the bend portion of the dielectric strip. This made it smaller overall,
In addition, low loss can be achieved. The dielectric line of each structure shown in FIG. 9 may be used as necessary.
【００２５】図１０は垂直１次放射器の構造を示す図で
あり、（Ａ）は放射方向から見た平面図、（Ｂ）はその
主要部の断面図である。導電体板４１と４２との間には
誘電体ストリップ１２と円柱状の誘電体共振器１１とを
設けていて、導電体板４１には誘電体共振器１１に対し
て同軸関係にある孔４３を形成している。そして、この
誘電体共振器１１と孔４３との間に、導電体板にスリッ
トを形成したスリット板４４を挟み込んでいる。これに
より誘電体ストリップ１２の長手方向（図におけるｘ軸
方向）に直角で導電体板４１，４２に平行な方向（図に
おけるｙ軸方向）の成分を持つ電界と、導電体板４１，
４２に垂直な方向（図におけるｚ軸方向）の成分を持つ
磁界とが生じるＬＳＭモードで、誘電体ストリップ１２
内を電磁波が伝搬する。そして、誘電体ストリップ１２
と誘電体共振器１１とが電磁結合し、誘電体共振器１１
内に誘電体ストリップ１２の電界と同一方向の電界成分
を持つＨＥ１１１モードが発生する。そして、直線偏波
の電磁波が開口部４３を介して導電体板４１に垂直な方
向（ｚ軸方向）に放射される。逆に開口部４３から電磁
波が入射されると、誘電体共振器１１はＨＥ１１１モー
ドで励振し、これと結合する誘電体ストリップ１２にＬ
ＳＭモードで電磁波が伝搬することになる。10A and 10B are views showing the structure of a vertical primary radiator. FIG. 10A is a plan view seen from the radiation direction, and FIG. 10B is a sectional view of the main part thereof. A dielectric strip 12 and a cylindrical dielectric resonator 11 are provided between the conductor plates 41 and 42, and the conductor plate 41 has a hole 43 coaxial with the dielectric resonator 11. Is formed. A slit plate 44 having a slit formed in a conductor plate is sandwiched between the dielectric resonator 11 and the hole 43. As a result, an electric field having a component perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the dielectric strip 12 (x-axis direction in the figure) and parallel to the conductor plates 41, 42 (y-axis direction in the figure), and the conductor plate 41, 42.
In the LSM mode where a magnetic field having a component in the direction perpendicular to 42 (z-axis direction in the figure) is generated, the dielectric strip 12
Electromagnetic waves propagate inside. Then, the dielectric strip 12
And the dielectric resonator 11 are electromagnetically coupled, and the dielectric resonator 11
An HE111 mode having an electric field component in the same direction as the electric field of the dielectric strip 12 is generated therein. Then, the linearly polarized electromagnetic wave is radiated through the opening 43 in the direction perpendicular to the conductor plate 41 (z-axis direction). On the contrary, when an electromagnetic wave is incident from the opening 43, the dielectric resonator 11 is excited in HE111 mode, and L is applied to the dielectric strip 12 coupled to this.
Electromagnetic waves propagate in SM mode.
【００２６】図１１は、垂直１次放射器と、その誘電体
線路に結合する誘電体線路を備える誘電体線路装置との
関係を示す図である。同図の上半部は垂直１次放射器４
０と誘電体線路装置５０との結合部分の平面図である。
但し、同図においては上部の導電体板を取り除いた状態
で表している。また同図の下半部は垂直１次放射器４０
と誘電体レンズ２との関係を示す断面図である。このよ
うに誘電体線路装置５０には誘電体ストリップ１３を設
けていて、垂直１次放射器４０の誘電体ストリップ１２
を誘電体ストリップ１３に近接させて、図中破線で囲む
部分に誘電体線路による方向性結合器を構成している。
この誘電体ストリップ１２，１３を用いた方向性結合器
は、ポート＃１から伝搬されてくる電磁波をポート＃４
へ略０ｄＢで伝搬させる。すなわち０ｄＢ方向性結合器
を構成する。この状態で垂直１次放射器４０が図におけ
る左右方向に移動しても方向性結合器の結合関係は変わ
らず、ポート＃１から伝搬されてくる電磁波は常に略０
ｄＢでポート＃４へ出力される。逆に、誘電体共振器の
励振によりポート＃４から入射された電磁波は略０ｄＢ
でポート＃１へ伝搬される。図に示す状態では、ａ，ｂ
部分に誘電体ストリップ１２のｏ，ｏ′で示す部分が対
応しているが、垂直１次放射器４０が図において右方向
に最大変位したとき、ａ，ｂ部分にｎ，ｎ′の点が一致
し、逆に、垂直１次放射器４０が図において左方向に最
大変位したとき、ａ，ｂ部分にｐ，ｐ′の点が一致す
る。このように垂直１次放射器４０が変位しても、誘電
体ストリップ１３に結合する誘電体ストリップ１２の部
分は直線部分であるため、常に一定の結合量に保たれる
ことになる。FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the vertical primary radiator and a dielectric line device having a dielectric line coupled to the dielectric line. The upper half of the figure is the vertical primary radiator 4
5 is a plan view of a coupling portion between 0 and the dielectric line device 50. FIG.
However, in the figure, the upper conductor plate is removed. The lower half of the figure is the vertical primary radiator 40.
4 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the dielectric lens 2 and the dielectric lens 2. FIG. Thus, the dielectric line device 50 is provided with the dielectric strip 13, and the dielectric strip 12 of the vertical primary radiator 40 is provided.
Is arranged close to the dielectric strip 13 to form a directional coupler by a dielectric line in a portion surrounded by a broken line in the figure.
The directional coupler using the dielectric strips 12 and 13 transmits the electromagnetic wave propagating from the port # 1 to the port # 4.
To about 0 dB. That is, a 0 dB directional coupler is formed. In this state, even if the vertical primary radiator 40 moves in the left-right direction in the figure, the coupling relationship of the directional coupler does not change, and the electromagnetic wave propagating from the port # 1 is almost zero.
Output to port # 4 in dB. On the contrary, the electromagnetic wave incident from port # 4 due to the excitation of the dielectric resonator is about 0 dB.
Is propagated to port # 1. In the state shown in the figure, a, b
The portions correspond to the portions indicated by o and o'of the dielectric strip 12, but when the vertical primary radiator 40 is displaced to the maximum in the right direction in the figure, points a and b are n and n '. On the contrary, when the vertical primary radiator 40 is displaced to the maximum in the left direction in the figure, points a and b'are coincident with the portions a and b. Even if the vertical primary radiator 40 is displaced in this manner, the portion of the dielectric strip 12 that is coupled to the dielectric strip 13 is a straight portion, so that the coupling amount is always kept constant.
【００２７】図１２は上記垂直１次放射器と誘電体線路
装置との間に構成した方向性結合器の部分斜視図であ
る。同図において５１，５２はそれぞれ導電体板であ
り、この２つの導電体板５１，５２は垂直１次放射器側
の導電体板４１，４２に近接しているため、誘電体スト
リップを挟む上下の導電体平面の連続性が保たれる。こ
れにより２枚の導電体板の間に２本の誘電体ストリップ
を並設した方向性結合器と略同様に作用する。FIG. 12 is a partial perspective view of a directional coupler formed between the vertical primary radiator and the dielectric line device. In the figure, 51 and 52 are conductor plates, respectively. Since these two conductor plates 51 and 52 are close to the conductor plates 41 and 42 on the side of the vertical primary radiator, the upper and lower sides of the dielectric strip are sandwiched. The continuity of the conductor plane is maintained. As a result, it operates in substantially the same manner as a directional coupler in which two dielectric strips are arranged side by side between two conductive plates.
【００２８】図１３は上記方向性結合器とその電力分配
比との関係を示す図である。今、誘電体ストリップ１
２，１３による結合線路の偶モードの位相定数をβｅ、
奇モードの位相定数をβｏとし、Δβ＝｜βｅ−βｏ｜
と置くと、ポート＃１から入力される電磁波に対する
ポート＃２へ出力される電磁波の電力比は Ｐ２／Ｐ１
＝１−ｓｉｎ2 （Δβｚ／２）で表され、ポート＃１か
ら入力される電磁波に対するポート＃４へ出力される電
磁波の電力比は Ｐ４／Ｐ１＝ｓｉｎ2 （Δβｚ／２）
で表される。したがって、（Δβｚ／２）＝ｎπ＋π／
２〔n:0,1,2 ... 〕の関係とすれば、ポート＃１からの
入力は全てポート＃４へ出力されることになり、０ｄＢ
方向性結合器が構成される。FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the directional coupler and its power distribution ratio. Now dielectric strip 1
The phase constant of the even mode of the coupled line by 2 and 13 is βe,
Let βo be the phase constant of the odd mode, and Δβ = | βe−βo |
Then, the power ratio of the electromagnetic wave output to port # 2 to the electromagnetic wave input from port # 1 is P2 / P1
= 1-sin 2 (Δβz / 2), and the power ratio of the electromagnetic wave output to port # 4 to the electromagnetic wave input from port # 1 is P4 / P1 = sin 2 (Δβz / 2)
It is represented by. Therefore, (Δβz / 2) = nπ + π /
In the case of the relationship of 2 [n: 0,1,2 ...], all the input from the port # 1 is output to the port # 4, and 0 dB.
A directional coupler is constructed.
【００２９】図１４は送受信部を含む誘電体線路装置お
よび垂直１次放射器全体の構成を示す図である。但し上
部の導電体板を取り除いた状態として示している。同図
において５３はサーキュレータであり、ポート＃１から
の入力信号はポート＃２へ出力し、ポート＃２からの入
力信号はポート＃３へ出力する。ポート＃１へは誘電体
ストリップ１４による誘電体線路を接続していて、ポー
ト＃３には誘電体ストリップ１５による誘電体線路を接
続している。そして誘電体ストリップ１４，１５による
それぞれの誘電体線路に発振器５５およびミキサ５４を
接続している。さらに誘電体線路１４，１５の間に、そ
れぞれの誘電体線路と結合してそれぞれ方向性結合器を
構成する誘電体ストリップ１６を配置している。この誘
電体ストリップ１６の両端部には終端器２１，２２を設
けている。ここで、ミキサ５４および発振器５５部分に
は、バラクタダイオードやガンダイオードを設け、これ
らに対するバイアス電圧印加用の回路を設けるために、
図９の（Ａ）または（Ｃ）に示した基板を介在させた誘
電体線路を構成している。FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the overall construction of a dielectric line device including a transmitter / receiver and a vertical primary radiator. However, the state is shown with the upper conductor plate removed. In the figure, reference numeral 53 is a circulator, which outputs an input signal from the port # 1 to the port # 2 and an input signal from the port # 2 to the port # 3. A dielectric line formed by the dielectric strip 14 is connected to the port # 1, and a dielectric line formed by the dielectric strip 15 is connected to the port # 3. The oscillator 55 and the mixer 54 are connected to the respective dielectric lines formed by the dielectric strips 14 and 15. Further, between the dielectric lines 14 and 15, there are arranged dielectric strips 16 which are coupled to the respective dielectric lines to form directional couplers. Terminators 21 and 22 are provided at both ends of the dielectric strip 16. Here, to provide a varactor diode and a Gunn diode in the mixer 54 and the oscillator 55 and to provide a circuit for applying a bias voltage to them,
A dielectric line is formed with the substrate shown in FIG. 9A or 9C interposed.
【００３０】このように構成することによって、発振器
５５の発振信号は誘電体ストリップ１４→サーキュレー
タ５３→誘電体ストリップ１３→誘電体ストリップ１２
→誘電体共振器１１の経路で伝搬されて、誘電体共振器
１１の軸方向に電磁波が放射され、逆に、誘電体共振器
１１に入射した電磁波は誘電体ストリップ１２→誘電体
ストリップ１３→サーキュレータ５３→誘電体ストリッ
プ１５の経路でミキサ５４に入力される。また誘電体ス
トリップ１５，１６，１４により構成される２つの方向
性結合器を介して発振信号の一部がローカル信号とし
て、受信信号とともにミキサ５４に与えられる。これに
よりミキサ５４は送信信号と受信信号の差の周波数成分
を中間周波信号として生成する。With this configuration, the oscillation signal of the oscillator 55 is generated by the dielectric strip 14 → circulator 53 → dielectric strip 13 → dielectric strip 12.
→ The electromagnetic wave is propagated through the path of the dielectric resonator 11 and is radiated in the axial direction of the dielectric resonator 11, and conversely, the electromagnetic wave incident on the dielectric resonator 11 is the dielectric strip 12 → the dielectric strip 13 → The circulator 53 is input to the mixer 54 along the path of the dielectric strip 15. Further, a part of the oscillation signal is given to the mixer 54 together with the reception signal as a local signal via the two directional couplers constituted by the dielectric strips 15, 16 and 14. Thereby, the mixer 54 generates a frequency component of the difference between the transmission signal and the reception signal as an intermediate frequency signal.
【００３１】次に第３の実施例形態に係るアンテナ装置
および送受信装置の構成を図１５を参照して説明する。
この第３の実施形態は、垂直１次放射器を２次元方向に
移動可能とするものであり、図１５の平面図に示すよう
に、誘電体線路装置６０に誘電体ストリップ１３による
誘電体線路を設けるとともに、誘電体線路装置５０に誘
電体ストリップ１７による誘電体線路やサーキュレータ
５３等を構成している。垂直１次放射器４０に設けた誘
電体ストリップ１２と誘電体線路装置６０側の誘電体ス
トリップ１３とによって１つの０ｄＢ方向性結合器を構
成していて、誘電体ストリップ１３と１７とによっても
う１つの０ｄＢ方向性結合器を構成している。そして、
垂直１次放射器４０は誘電体線路装置６０に対して図に
おける左右方向に可動状態に設けていて、誘電体線路装
置６０は誘電体線路装置５０に対して図における縦方向
に可動状態に設けている。この場合、誘電体線路装置５
０は固定しておく。これによって結合器部分での損失が
殆どない状態で誘電体共振器１１の位置を２次元方向に
移動させることができる。Next, the configurations of the antenna device and the transmitting / receiving device according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the third embodiment, the vertical primary radiator is movable in a two-dimensional direction. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 15, the dielectric line device 60 includes a dielectric strip 13 and a dielectric line. In addition to the above, the dielectric line device 50 includes a dielectric line formed by the dielectric strip 17, a circulator 53, and the like. The dielectric strip 12 provided on the vertical primary radiator 40 and the dielectric strip 13 on the side of the dielectric line device 60 constitute one 0 dB directional coupler, and the dielectric strips 13 and 17 make another one. Two 0 dB directional couplers are configured. And
The vertical primary radiator 40 is provided in a movable state in the left-right direction in the figure with respect to the dielectric line device 60, and the dielectric line device 60 is provided in a movable state in the vertical direction in the figure with respect to the dielectric line device 50. ing. In this case, the dielectric line device 5
0 is fixed. As a result, the position of the dielectric resonator 11 can be moved in the two-dimensional direction with almost no loss in the coupler portion.
【００３２】図１６は可動部分における方向性結合器の
他の構成例を示す平面図である。但し上下の導電体板は
図において省略している。（Ａ）の例では、誘電体共振
器１１と結合する側の誘電体ストリップ１２を直線状に
形成している。（Ｂ）では垂直１次放射器の誘電体スト
リップ１２に結合する側の誘電体ストリップ１３を直線
状に形成している。また（Ｃ）では誘電体共振器１１と
一方の端部で結合する誘電体ストリップ１２の他方の端
部をその端部まで相手側の誘電体ストリップ１３に平行
に一定距離を保っている。FIG. 16 is a plan view showing another structural example of the directional coupler in the movable part. However, the upper and lower conductor plates are omitted in the figure. In the example of (A), the dielectric strip 12 on the side coupled to the dielectric resonator 11 is formed in a linear shape. In (B), the dielectric strip 13 on the side that is coupled to the dielectric strip 12 of the vertical primary radiator is formed in a linear shape. Further, in (C), the other end of the dielectric strip 12 coupled to the dielectric resonator 11 at one end is kept at a certain distance in parallel to the mating dielectric strip 13 up to that end.
【００３３】図１７は第５の実施形態に係る可動部分の
方向性結合器の構成例を示す図である。以上に示した例
では可動部分の方向性結合器として０ｄＢ方向性結合器
を構成したが、この図１７に示すように、誘電体ストリ
ップ１２，１３の一方の端部を開放端とせずに終端器２
３，２４を設けてもよい。FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a structural example of a directional coupler of a movable part according to the fifth embodiment. In the example shown above, a 0 dB directional coupler is configured as the directional coupler of the movable part. However, as shown in FIG. 17, one end of the dielectric strips 12 and 13 is terminated without being an open end. Bowl 2
3, 24 may be provided.
【００３４】なお、以上に述べた実施形態では、１次放
射器として、誘電体共振器および誘電体線路を用いた垂
直１次放射器またはホーンアンテナを例示したが、その
他にパッチアンテナ等のマイクロストリップアンテナを
用いてもよい。In the above-described embodiments, the primary radiator is a vertical primary radiator using a dielectric resonator and a dielectric line or a horn antenna. However, in addition to this, a micro antenna such as a patch antenna is used. A strip antenna may be used.
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、第１の誘電体線路と
当該第１の誘電体線路に近接する第２の誘電体線路とに
よって方向性結合器を構成し、方向性結合器を１次放射
器の入出力部として、第１の誘電体線路と第２の誘電体
線路との結合を保ったまま、第１の誘電体線路と１次放
射器とを移動させて、誘電体レンズと１次放射器との相
対位置関係を変位させるようにしたため、全体に大型化
しない。また可動部自体の質量を小さくし、その慣性を
小さくすることによって、高速に放射ビームをスキャン
させることが可能となる。According to the present invention, the directional coupler is constituted by the first dielectric line and the second dielectric line adjacent to the first dielectric line, and Secondary radiation
As the input / output unit of the container, the first dielectric line and the primary radiator are moved while the coupling between the first dielectric line and the second dielectric line is maintained, and the dielectric lens and Since the relative positional relationship with the secondary radiator is changed, the overall size is not increased. Further, by reducing the mass of the movable portion itself and the inertia thereof, it becomes possible to scan the radiation beam at high speed.
【００３６】また、この発明によれば、上記方向性結合
器の結合量を約０ｄＢとすることにより、方向性結合器
における伝送損失が抑えられて、高利得特性が得られ
る。Further, according to the present invention, by setting the coupling amount of the directional coupler to about 0 dB, the transmission loss in the directional coupler can be suppressed and a high gain characteristic can be obtained.
【００３７】また、この発明によれば、上記誘電体線路
を非放射性誘電体線路とすることにより、伝送損失が低
減し、線路外部への不要輻射および線路外部からの不要
信号の入射も防止されて、アンテナの利得等の総合特性
が向上する。Further, according to the present invention, by making the dielectric line a non-radiative dielectric line, transmission loss is reduced, and unnecessary radiation to the outside of the line and unnecessary signals from the outside of the line are prevented from entering. As a result, the overall characteristics such as the gain of the antenna are improved.
【００３８】また、この発明によれば、上記第２の誘電
体線路に、送信部、受信部および送信信号と受信信号と
を分離するサーキュレータを接続して送受共用にするこ
とにより、１次放射器の入出力部である第１の誘電体線
路に結合する第２の誘電体線路部分が送受共用となる。
その結果、方向性結合器を用いて可動部分を構成するこ
とによる大型化が避けられる。Further, according to the present invention, primary radiation is achieved by connecting the second dielectric line with a transmitter, a receiver and a circulator for separating a transmission signal and a reception signal so as to be shared. The second dielectric line portion that is coupled to the first dielectric line, which is the input / output portion of the container, is used for both transmission and reception.
As a result, it is possible to avoid an increase in size due to the configuration of the movable part using the directional coupler.
【００３９】また、この発明によれば、上記いずれかの
構成からなるアンテナ装置に、誘電体レンズと１次放射
器との相対位置関係を変位させる駆動部を設けて送受信
装置を構成することにより、アンテナの指向方向をスキ
ャンさせることのできる小型の送受信装置が得られる。Further, according to the present invention, the transmitting / receiving device is configured by providing the antenna device having any one of the above-mentioned configurations with the drive section for displacing the relative positional relationship between the dielectric lens and the primary radiator. As a result, it is possible to obtain a small transmission / reception device capable of scanning the directional direction of the antenna.
【００４０】さらに、この発明によれば、上記構成のア
ンテナ装置、発振器、およびミキサを備えて、レーダ用
送受信装置を構成することにより、探知能力に優れ、高
速スキャン可能なレーダが容易に構成できるようにな
る。Further, according to the present invention, by configuring the radar transmitter / receiver by including the antenna device, the oscillator, and the mixer having the above-described configurations, it is possible to easily configure a radar having excellent detection capability and capable of high-speed scanning. Like
【図１】第１の実施形態に係るアンテナ装置の誘電体レ
ンズと１次放射器および放射ビームのチルト角の関係を
示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship among a dielectric lens, a primary radiator, and a tilt angle of a radiation beam of an antenna device according to a first embodiment.
【図２】第１の実施形態に係るアンテナ装置の誘電体レ
ンズと１次放射器および放射ビームのチルト角の他の関
係を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another relationship between the dielectric lens of the antenna device according to the first embodiment, the primary radiator, and the tilt angle of the radiation beam.
【図３】誘電体レンズに対する１次放射器のオフセット
に対する放射ビームのチルト角の測定結果を示す図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a measurement result of a tilt angle of a radiation beam with respect to an offset of a primary radiator with respect to a dielectric lens.
【図４】１次放射器に対する誘電体レンズの成す角度を
変化させたときの放射ビームのチルト角の測定結果を示
す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a measurement result of a tilt angle of a radiation beam when an angle formed by a dielectric lens with respect to a primary radiator is changed.
【図５】第１の実施形態に係る送受信装置の構成例を示
す断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a transmission / reception device according to the first embodiment.
【図６】第１の実施形態に係る送受信装置の他の構成例
を示す断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the transmission / reception device according to the first embodiment.
【図７】第１の実施形態に係る送受信装置の平面図であ
る。FIG. 7 is a plan view of the transmission / reception device according to the first embodiment.
【図８】第２の実施形態に係る送受信装置の概略構成図
である。FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a transmission / reception device according to a second embodiment.
【図９】同送受信装置で用いる誘電体線路の構造を示す
図である。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a structure of a dielectric line used in the transmitting / receiving apparatus.
【図１０】垂直１次放射器の構成を示す平面図および断
面図である。FIG. 10 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a vertical primary radiator.
【図１１】垂直１次放射器と誘電体線路装置との関係を
示す図である。FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a relationship between a vertical primary radiator and a dielectric line device.
【図１２】方向性結合器部分の部分斜視図である。FIG. 12 is a partial perspective view of a directional coupler portion.
【図１３】方向性結合器の構造とその特性との関係を示
す図である。FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the structure of a directional coupler and its characteristics.
【図１４】第２の実施形態に係る送受信装置の送受信部
を含む全体の構成図である。FIG. 14 is an overall configuration diagram including a transmission / reception unit of a transmission / reception device according to a second embodiment.
【図１５】第３の実施形態に係る送受信装置の構成を示
す平面図である。FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a configuration of a transmission / reception device according to a third embodiment.
【図１６】第４の実施形態に係るアンテナ装置の可動部
分における方向性結合器の３つの例を示す図である。FIG. 16 is a diagram showing three examples of directional couplers in a movable part of the antenna device according to the fourth embodiment.
【図１７】第５の実施形態に係るアンテナ装置の可動部
分における方向性結合器の例を示す図である。FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of a directional coupler in a movable part of the antenna device according to the fifth embodiment.
【図１８】車載用レーダにおいて、放射ビームを水平方
向にチルトさせた様子を示す図である。FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a state in which a radiation beam is tilted in a horizontal direction in a vehicle-mounted radar.
【図１９】車載用レーダにおいて、放射ビームを水平方
向にチルトさせた様子を示す図である。FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a state in which a radiation beam is tilted in a horizontal direction in a vehicle-mounted radar.
【図２０】車載用レーダにおいて、放射ビームを鉛直方
向にチルトさせた様子を示す図である。FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a state in which a radiation beam is tilted in a vertical direction in a vehicle-mounted radar.
【図２１】車載用ミリ波レーダの使用形態を示す図であ
る。FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a usage pattern of a vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar.
【図２２】車載用ミリ波レーダの構成を示すブロック図
である。FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar.
１−１次放射器 ２−誘電体レンズ ３−筐体 ４−駆動部 １１−誘電体共振器 １２〜１７−誘電体ストリップ ２１〜２４−終端器 ４０−垂直１次放射器 ４１，４２−導電体板 ４３−開口部 ４４−スリット板 ５０−誘電体線路装置 ５１，５２−導電体板 ５３−サーキュレータ ５４−ミキサ ５５−発振器 ６０−誘電体線路装置 １００，１００ａ，１００ｂ−誘電体ストリップ １０１，１０２−導電体板 １０３−基板 1-1 primary radiator 2-dielectric lens 3-case 4-Drive 11-dielectric resonator 12-17-Dielectric strip 21-24-Terminator 40-vertical primary radiator 41, 42-conductor plate 43-opening 44-slit plate 50-Dielectric line device 51, 52-conductor plate 53-circulator 54-mixer 55-oscillator 60-Dielectric line device 100, 100a, 100b-dielectric strip 101, 102-conductor plate 103-substrate
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 高桑 郁夫 京都府長岡京市天神二丁目26番10号 株 式会社村田製作所内 (56)参考文献 特開 平10−200331（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平８−316727（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平８−191211（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平２−305002（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−152223（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平８−8621（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭53−1440（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭64−79680（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−24334（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−264726（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭63−181981（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 平５−85110（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 特表 平５−502296（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H01Q 3/14 G01S 7/03 G01S 7/28 H01P 3/16 H01P 5/18 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Ikuo Takakuwa Ikuo Takakuwa 2-10-10 Tenjin, Nagaokakyo-shi, Kyoto Inside Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-10-200331 (JP, A) JP-A 8-316727 (JP, A) JP-A-8-1911211 (JP, A) JP-A-2-305002 (JP, A) JP-A-6-152223 (JP, A) JP-A-8-8621 (JP, A) JP 53-1440 (JP, A) JP 64-79680 (JP, A) JP 61-24334 (JP, A) JP 5-264726 (JP, A) Actual development Sho 63 -181981 (JP, U) Actual Kaihei 5-85110 (JP, U) Special Table 5-502296 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) H01Q 3/14 G01S 7/03 G01S 7/28 H01P 3/16 H01P 5/18
Claims (6)
ンテナ装置において、誘電体レンズの焦点面内での１次
放射器の位置を変え得るように誘電体レンズおよび１次
放射器を設け、誘電体レンズに対する１次放射器の相対
位置の変位により放射ビームのチルト角を変えられるよ
うにしたアンテナ装置であって、前記１次放射器に備えられた第１の誘電体線路と、 該第
１の誘電体線路に近接する第２の誘電体線路とによって
方向性結合器を構成し、該方向性結合器を前記１次放射器の入出力部として、 第
１の誘電体線路と第２の誘電体線路との結合を保ったま
ま、前記第１の誘電体線路と前記１次放射器とを移動さ
せて、前記誘電体レンズと前記１次放射器との相対位置
関係を変位させる手段を設けたことを特徴とするアンテ
ナ装置。1. An antenna device comprising a dielectric lens and a primary radiator, wherein the dielectric lens and the primary radiator are provided so that the position of the primary radiator in the focal plane of the dielectric lens can be changed. An antenna device capable of changing a tilt angle of a radiation beam by displacement of a relative position of the primary radiator with respect to a dielectric lens , the first dielectric line being provided in the primary radiator; A directional coupler is formed by the second dielectric line adjacent to the first dielectric line, and the directional coupler is used as an input / output unit of the primary radiator to form the first dielectric line and the first dielectric line. While maintaining the coupling with the second dielectric line, the first dielectric line and the primary radiator are moved to displace the relative positional relationship between the dielectric lens and the primary radiator. An antenna device comprising means.
したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のアンテナ装置。2. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the coupling amount of the directional coupler is about 0 dB.
あることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載のアンテ
ナ装置。3. The antenna device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dielectric waveguide is nonradiative dielectric line.
部および送信信号と受信信号とを分離するサーキュレー
タを接続して送受共用にしたことを特徴とする請求項１
〜３のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。4. The transmission / reception is shared by connecting a transmitter, a receiver, and a circulator for separating a transmission signal and a reception signal to the second dielectric line.
The antenna device according to any one of 1 to 3.
のアンテナ装置に、前記誘電体レンズと前記１次放射器
との相対位置関係を変位させる駆動部を設けたことを特
徴とする送受信装置。5. The antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising a drive unit that displaces a relative positional relationship between the dielectric lens and the primary radiator. Transmitter / receiver device.
しさらに探知物体からの反射波が入射する開口部と、前
記第１の誘電体線路と当該第１の誘電体線路に近接する
第２の誘電体線路とによって方向性結合器を構成し、該
方向性結合器を１次放射器の入出力部とし、第１の誘電
体線路と第２の誘電体線路との結合を保ったまま前記１
次放射器を移動させて、前記誘電体レンズと前記１次放
射器との相対位置関係を変位させる手段と、誘電体レン
ズとを含んでなるアンテナ装置と、 前記探知物体からの反射波と、前記発振器からの発振信
号の一部によって構成されるローカル信号とが入力され
るミキサとを含んで構成されることを特徴とするレーダ
用送受信装置。6. oscillator and a first dielectric line, an opening oscillation signal from the oscillator is incident reflected wave from the further detection object emits, the first dielectric line and the first the configure directional coupler by the second dielectric waveguide proximate the dielectric waveguide, the
The directional coupler is used as an input / output unit of the primary radiator, and the first dielectric line and the second dielectric line are kept connected to each other, and
Means for moving a secondary radiator to displace the relative positional relationship between the dielectric lens and the primary radiator; an antenna device including a dielectric lens; and a reflected wave from the detection object, A radar transmission / reception device comprising: a mixer to which a local signal formed by a part of an oscillation signal from the oscillator is input.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000369951A JP3473576B2 (en) | 2000-12-05 | 2000-12-05 | Antenna device and transmitting / receiving device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000369951A JP3473576B2 (en) | 2000-12-05 | 2000-12-05 | Antenna device and transmitting / receiving device |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00089397A Division JP3186622B2 (en) | 1997-01-07 | 1997-01-07 | Antenna device and transmitting / receiving device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001217634A JP2001217634A (en) | 2001-08-10 |
| JP3473576B2 true JP3473576B2 (en) | 2003-12-08 |
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| JP3855898B2 (en) | 2002-09-20 | 2006-12-13 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Antenna device and transmitting / receiving device |
| KR100702204B1 (en) | 2006-02-06 | 2007-04-03 | 서울시립대학교 산학협력단 | Directional coupler for rfid with signal-reflective port |
| US9999038B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2018-06-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Remote distributed antenna system |
| US9525524B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2016-12-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Remote distributed antenna system |
| US8897697B1 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2014-11-25 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Millimeter-wave surface-wave communications |
| US9768833B2 (en) | 2014-09-15 | 2017-09-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for sensing a condition in a transmission medium of electromagnetic waves |
| US10063280B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2018-08-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Monitoring and mitigating conditions in a communication network |
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| US9973299B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2018-05-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for adjusting a mode of communication in a communication network |
| US9312919B1 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2016-04-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Transmission device with impairment compensation and methods for use therewith |
| US9577306B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-02-21 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided-wave transmission device and methods for use therewith |
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| JP3060871B2 (en) * | 1995-01-09 | 2000-07-10 | 株式会社村田製作所 | antenna |
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