JP3471348B6 - Drive apparatus and method for rewritable optical disk - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to an optical disc that is rotationally driven at a constant angular velocity to read and write data, and in particular, by dividing a recording surface into a plurality of zones and performing writing and reading using a higher frequency clock in an outer zone. The present invention relates to an optical disc in which the recording linear density is substantially constant on the inner and outer peripheral sides of the disc.
[0002]
The present invention also relates to an optical disc that can be used as a different type of recording medium for each zone and can change the setting of the type of medium in each zone.
[0003]
The present invention further relates to a driving apparatus and a method for writing and reading optical discs used for writing and reading optical discs as described above.The present invention further includes The present invention relates to a rewritable optical disk drive apparatus and method.
[0004]
[Prior art]
As a conventional optical disc of this type, there is a single-sided 1 GB optical disc having a format proposed in ECMA / TC31 / 92/36. According to this proposal, the recording surface of the optical disk is evenly divided into a plurality of zones by the radial position thereof, that is, by one or more circumferential boundary lines, that is, the number of physical tracks in each zone is the same. It is divided so that it becomes. The number of zones differs depending on the sector size. For example, if the number is 512 bytes / sector, it is divided into 54 zones, and if it is 1024 bytes / sector, it is divided into 30 zones.
[0005]
Each physical track has an integer number of sectors. Within each zone, the number of sectors in each track is the same. In the outer zone, the number of sectors in each track is larger.
[0006]
In addition, depending on whether or not data can be written to the optical disc, the R / W type can be written any number of times, the WO type can be written only once, the data is written in advance at the time of disc production, and then the data is written. Some O-ROM types cannot be used.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional optical disk, the number of sectors in one track is different for each zone. For example, when a linear (continuous integer) logical address is given from a higher-level device as a SCSI device, the physical position of the target sector is determined. The calculation algorithm is complicated. In addition, the data portion of the sector in the outermost or innermost physical track of each zone may be adjacent to the header portion of the sector of the innermost or outermost physical track of the adjacent zone. There was a problem that the influence of crosstalk from the department sometimes became large. This is because the information in the data part is written magneto-optically, whereas the information in the header part is written in the form of pits, and the data in the header part has a higher degree of modulation. In each zone, the header portions are adjacent to each other, the data portions are adjacent to each other, and the header portion and the data portion are not adjacent to each other.
[0008]
Further, as described above, there are R / W type, WO type, and O-ROM type optical disks. However, it is desired to expand the application of the optical disk by mixing them in the same disk. Conventionally, however, there is only a P-ROM type having an R / W type memory area and an O-ROM type memory area on a single disk.
[0009]
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an optical disc capable of easily and quickly obtaining the physical position of a target sector on the disc in accordance with an address given from the outside. The purpose is to provide.
[0010]
Another object of the present invention is to eliminate reproduction signal errors and disturbances due to crosstalk of tracks located near the boundary between adjacent zones.
[0011]
Another object of the present invention is to extend the application of a single optical disk by mixing different types of recording areas.
[0012]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a driving apparatus and an optical disk writing / reading method used for driving the optical disk as described above.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Claim 1Rewrite The drive device for the possible type optical disk is provided in the recording area. Each of which corresponds to one physical track and the above It is provided on the physical track, and the address is recorded on each. Sector including the specified header area. A logical track is constructed and recorded in the header area of each sector. By specifying the recorded address, each sector You can specify which of the above logical tracks belongs to each A predetermined number of bits from the start of the sector address Represents the address of the logical track included in the sector. A predetermined number of bytes from the end of the address of each sector. Represents the position of the sector in the logical track. Each logical track has 2 n sectors (n is an integer) And the above address uses binary numbers. Was a serial number, aboveA recording area attribute is set to specify whether the recording area is an area that allows rewriting or an area that does not allow rewriting,the aboveData representing the recording area attribute is recorded in a structure management table provided at a predetermined position on the optical disk.Light that drives a rewritable optical disc A disk drive that starts the address of each sector. The sector is included based on a predetermined number of bits from Means for identifying the address of the logical track to be Based on a predetermined number of bits from the end of the data address To locate the sector in the logical track Means for indicating the recording area attribute in the structure management table. Data recording means and a predetermined portion of the recording area. Data recording means, and the predetermined portion is written during playback. The above structure is considered to be a ROM area that cannot be replaced. Permits rewriting of data representing the recording area attribute in the management table. And a means for changing to specify an unacceptable area It is characterized by that.
[0014]
Claim 2Rewritable optical disc Driving methodIsProvided in the recording area, one rotation each Physical track equivalent to the minute and the physical track above Each of which includes a header area in which an address is recorded. A logical track with a certain number of sectors. Configured and recorded in the header area of each sector. Each sector is assigned to the above logical track. Can be specified, and the address of each sector A predetermined number of bits from the beginning are included in the sector. Represents the address of the logical track, and the address of each sector. A predetermined number of bits from the end of the Represents the position of the sector within each logical track When it is composed of 2 to the nth power (n is an integer) sectors In addition, the above address is a serial number using a binary number, Whether the recording area is a rewrite-allowed area or rewrite The recording area attribute that specifies whether the area is not allowed And data representing the recording area attribute is recorded on the optical disc. Rewriting recorded in the structure management table provided at a predetermined position An optical disk drive method for driving a recordable optical disk. A predetermined number of addresses from the start of each sector address The logical track containing the sector based on the bit The process of identifying the dress and the end of the address for each sector In a logical track based on a predetermined number of bits from Identifying the position of the sector and the structure management Recording data representing the recording area attribute in the table And a step of recording data in a predetermined part of the recording area And ROM that cannot rewrite the above specified part during playback The recording area of the structure management table is considered to be an area. Specify an area that does not allow rewriting of data representing area attributes And a step of changing so as to.
[0015]
[Action]
According to the driving apparatus and method of the present invention, each logic transistor The rack is composed of 2 n sectors, and Data addresses are serial numbers using binary numbers This makes it easier to calculate the target sector. The Also, a predetermined number of bits from the beginning of the address Is the logical track address, and the start of each sector address. The sector is included based on a predetermined number of bits. The logical track address to be Therefore, it is possible to easily specify the logical track to be performed. In addition, a predetermined number of bits from the end of the address To represent the position of the sector in the logical track A predetermined number of bytes from the end of the address of each sector. Position of the sector in the logical track based on Therefore, it is easy to identify the target sector. I can.
[0016]
Furthermore, data is not stored in a predetermined part of the recording area. The specified part cannot be rewritten during playback. Above the structure management table so that the Area that does not allow rewriting of data indicating recording area attribute Since it was decided to change the area to specify Discs per disc when the number of discs is small Without increasing the cost of a P-ROM disc, etc. Inexpensive discs can be obtained at low cost.
[0017]
【Example】
Example 1
First, an optical disk according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3 are diagrams showing the configuration of an optical disc according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The guide groove 1 is formed in a spiral shape on the optical disc 2 in advance. The light spot 3 is an optical system (not shown), focuses light from a light source (not shown), and irradiates the land portions 12 between the guide grooves 1. The header part 4 includes a sector address 5 and a track address 6. The header portion 4 is formed of pits formed on the land portion 12 by embossing or stamping, and is formed at the time of disc production. That is, it is preformatted. On the other hand, the data section 7 is for reading and writing data magneto-optically. The information in the header part 4 and the data in the data part 7 written in the form of pits are read by the same light beam. The header part 4 and the data part 7 constitute a sector 8.
[0018]
Each physical track 9 corresponds to one rotation of the optical disc 2 and is divided into an integer number of sectors. An integer number of physical tracks are gathered to form zones 10, 10a, 10b, and 10c. That is, a normal recording area (user zone) on the recording surface of the optical disk 2 is divided into a plurality of zones by a plurality of concentric circles centered on the center of the optical disk, and each of the physical tracks 9 in the recording area is any one. Belongs to the zone. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the zone is divided into 31 zones (zones # 0 to # 30). The outermost zone # 0 and the innermost zone # 30 are composed of 741 physical tracks, and the other zones are composed of 740 physical tracks. The outermost zone 10a has the largest number of sectors, and the innermost zone has fewer sectors. The difference in the number of sectors per physical track between adjacent zones is 1 or more, and is 1 in the illustrated example.
[0019]
In use, the disk is driven to rotate at a constant angular velocity regardless of which zone of the disk the write / read head is accessing.
[0020]
Since the recording linear density of the entire recording area (user area) of the disc is almost constant, the frequency of the clock used for recording is changed or switched according to which zone data is recorded, and the outer zone Higher frequencies are used.
[0021]
During reading, the clock frequency is switched when the write / read head moves from one zone to another.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 4, the innermost track 11b of the zone 10b and the outermost track 11c of the zone 10c are different in the number of sectors constituting one physical track. Therefore, the track header portion 4-1 of the track 11b and the track 11c A part of the data part 7-2, a header part 4-2 of the track 11c, and a part of the data part 7-1 of the track 11b are adjacent to each other.
[0023]
In the physical structure as described above, a logical track is composed of an integer number of sectors, and a rotation group is composed of an integer number of logical tracks. In the illustrated example, each logical track is composed of 17 sectors. Each sector has a length of 1024 bytes. Each rotation group corresponds to each zone, and the outer peripheral side edge and inner peripheral side edge of each rotation group substantially coincide with the outer peripheral side edge and inner peripheral side edge of the corresponding zone, respectively. Hereinafter, the correspondence between each zone and the rotation group, the relationship between the number of physical tracks in each zone and the number of logical tracks in each rotation group, and the like will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, the symbols at the top of each column have the following meanings.
[0024]
ZN: Zone number
S / R: Number of sectors per rotation (1 physical track)
PT / Z: Number of physical tracks in the corresponding zone
S / Z: Number of sectors in the corresponding zone: S / R × PT / Z
ΣS / Z: Cumulative number of sectors (S / Z) in each zone
LT / G: Number of logical tracks in the corresponding rotation group
ΔLT / G: difference in the number of logical tracks (LT / G) between adjacent rotation groups
S / G: Number of sectors in corresponding rotation group: LT / G × 17
ΣS / G: Cumulative number of sectors (S / G) in each rotation group
DΣS: Difference between the total number of sectors in each zone and the total number of sectors in each rotation group: ΣS / G-ΣS / Z
A plurality of logical tracks gather to form one rotation group. Each rotation group corresponds to each zone. The number of logical tracks constituting each rotation group is determined so that the number of sectors belonging to each rotation group is substantially equal to the number of sectors belonging to the corresponding zone. As a result, the start point and end point (represented by the value of ΣS / G) of each rotation group do not necessarily coincide with the start point and end point (represented by the value of ΣS / Z) of the corresponding zone, resulting in a shift of several sectors. . The beginning of the first rotation group is coincident with the beginning of the first zone. The cumulative difference in FIG. 5 (rightmost column: expressed by the value of DΣS) represents the deviation of the start point and end point, and is the sector of the last part of each rotation group, not the corresponding zone. Indicates the number of things located in the next zone. Of the sectors in the last rotation group, those that protrude from the last zone (12 sectors in the example shown) are formed in a spare area (provided inside the innermost zone) on the recording surface.
[0025]
In a disk on which logical tracks are arranged in this way, the track address and sector address written in the header portion of the disk correspond to linear (represented by one-dimensional continuous integers) logical addresses as they are. Therefore, there is an advantage that an actual sector address and track address can be calculated by a simple integer operation. Also, if the zones are different, the number of sectors per rotation is different, but the number of sectors per logical track is constant (in the example shown in FIG. 5, “17” in any rotation group). There is an advantage that it is not necessary to consider.
[0026]
Furthermore, the physical track address and sector address indicating the physical position of the sector on the disk can also be obtained from the logical track address and sector address by simple calculation.
[0027]
Example 2
Next, an optical disk of Example 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a part of the optical disk of the second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a table showing a logical track structure of the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, in the vicinity of the boundary 13 between adjacent zones, at least one physical track 14 or 15 of each zone is designated as a guard track, and no data is recorded by the user. Also, at least one physical track 16 of each zone is designated as a test track, and no data is recorded by the user here either. In the illustrated example, the innermost physical track 14 of each zone is designated as a guard track, the outermost physical track 16 of each zone is designated as a test track, and the second physical track 15 from the outside of each zone is designated. Designated as a guard track.
[0028]
The guard tracks 14 and 15 are for avoiding crosstalk in the vicinity of the zone boundary. The guard track is given an address (track address and sector address) independent of the track on which data is recorded. The guard track address is outside the range of addresses given to sectors used for data recording. As a result, the guard track is not accessed during data recording and reading. Thus, the guard track is not used for data recording.
[0029]
The test track 16 is used for adjusting the recording power. For example, when the drive device is turned on, the test data is recorded and reproduced on the test track while changing the recording power. The optimum recording power is obtained by detecting the error rate.
[0030]
As shown in the figure, when a track between the guard tracks 14 and 15 is designated as the test track 16, even if test data is recorded with excessive power, the track used for normal data recording has an effect. There is an advantage of not receiving it. However, other physical tracks can be designated as test tracks.
[0031]
The test track is also given an address independently of the data recording sector. The test track address is outside the address range given to the sector used for data recording. As a result, the test rack is not accessed during data recording and reading. Thus, the test track is not used for data recording.
[0032]
A track other than the guard track and the test track is used as a data recording track, and 17 sectors are used as one logical track to form a logical track. At this time, the number of logical tracks is determined so that the number of logical tracks is constant between adjacent rotation groups, that is, 43 in the illustrated example. In this way, the number of logical tracks can be calculated by a simple integer operation, and management by a table or the like is not necessary.
[0033]
FIG. 7 shows a logical track structure of the second embodiment. This logical track structure is generally the same as that of FIG. However, zones # 0 and # 30 are composed of the same 740 physical tracks as the other zones # 1 to # 29.
[0034]
In FIG. 7, among the symbols at the top of each column, the same symbols as in FIG. 5 have the same meaning as in FIG. G + T represents the number of sectors of the guard track and test track in each zone.
[0035]
The second embodiment is superior to the first embodiment in the following points. In other words, in the first embodiment, the rear end of the last logical track of each rotation group does not coincide with the rear end of the corresponding zone and protrudes somewhat, and the number of protruding sectors is not constant as can be seen in FIG. . In this case, it is necessary to control clock switching within the logical track. Therefore, there is no need for double management of alternation processing (processing for accessing spare sectors in the same rotation group instead of defective sectors) and control by actual physical arrangement (clock switching, etc.) There is a disadvantage that it must not be. Further, there is a problem that crosstalk may occur between adjacent physical tracks in the vicinity of the zone boundary. Furthermore, there is no test track for each rotating group, and sufficient recording power cannot be adjusted. Also, there is no regularity between the number of logical tracks in each rotation group, and a table storing the number of logical tracks in each rotation group is provided, and conversion from a logical address to a physical address is performed by referring to this table at the time of access. There is a need.
[0036]
The logical track structure of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7 solves the problem in the first embodiment as described above, and the logical track of each rotation group does not protrude from the corresponding zone. Also, by providing the guard track, crosstalk near the zone boundary can be eliminated. Further, since a test track is provided, it can be used for adjusting the recording power. Further, the difference between the numbers of tracks in adjacent rotation groups is constant, so that the conversion from the logical address to the physical address can be performed by a simple operation, and there is no need to provide a table for conversion.
[0037]
Example 3
Hereinafter, Example 3 will be described with reference to FIG. Example 3 is generally the same as Example 2, but differs in the following points.
[0038]
In the format of the logical track according to the second embodiment, the number of remaining sectors (not used for recording) in which a prescribed logical track is secured in each rotation group is not constant. For this reason, when calculating the physical position, there is a problem in that it is necessary to store the remaining number of sectors in a table.
[0039]
FIG. 8 shows a logical track structure for solving the problems in the second embodiment. Of the symbols at the top of each column, the same symbols as in FIGS. 5 and 7 have the same meaning. DUM is the number of remaining sectors in which logical tracks are secured in each zone, and ΔDUM is the difference in the number of remaining sectors DUM between adjacent zones. RES is the sum of DUM and G + T.
[0040]
In FIG. 8, the number of logical tracks LT / G is made different between adjacent rotation groups by a predetermined number, for example, 43, and a guard track and a test track of 3 physical tracks are secured, and the remaining sector number DUM is The predetermined number of rotation groups adjacent to each other, 6 in the illustrated example, is different. In this way, when the physical position is calculated, the difference in the surplus number of sectors DUM is constant. Therefore, even if this difference is not stored in the table, it can be incorporated into the calculation formula as a constant constant. The calculation is simple.
[0041]
Example 4
Hereinafter, Example 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. This embodiment is the same as the second embodiment except that the number of physical tracks per rotation group and the number of rotation groups of the entire disk are different.
[0042]
The logical track format of the third embodiment solves the problems of the first and second embodiments, and the number of remaining sectors after securing the logical track is a positive number, so that the logical track crosses the boundary of the zone. Nor. Further, when calculating the actual physical position from the logical address, it is possible to calculate by an integer operation regardless of the table. However, the remaining sectors always exist as useless sectors that do not record data, and there is a problem that the capacity of the disk is not fully utilized. 9 and 10 show a logical track structure for solving the problems in the third embodiment. FIG. 9 shows the case of 1024 bytes / sector, and FIG. 10 shows the case of 512 bytes / sector. 9 and 10, the total number of sectors per zone is equivalent to an integer number of logical tracks, and the difference in the number of logical tracks between adjacent zones is constant (see FIG. 9). In this case, they are arranged so as to be 176 and 54 in the case of FIG.
[0043]
In the example shown in the figure, the guard track and the test track are not provided, but can be ensured as in the third embodiment.
[0044]
Example 5
Hereinafter, Example 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. In this embodiment, one sector consists of 1024 bytes. The configuration of the disk is generally the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, but the header portion of each sector is different from that shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 11, it has two address parts 4a and 4b. Each of the address parts 4a and 4b has a track address part 6, a sector address part 5, and an ID part 21. The same address is written in the track address section 6 and the sector address section 5 of the two address sections 4a and 4b. This address represents the address of the sector. The same address is written twice in order to increase reliability. The ID section 21 is for identifying the addresses of the first address section 4a and the second address section 4b. For example, “0” is set in the ID section 21 of the address section 4a, and the ID section 21 of the address section 4b. “1” is written in.
[0045]
FIG. 12 shows the arrangement of logical tracks. In this figure, among the symbols at the top of each column, the same symbols as those in FIGS. 5, 7, and 8 have the same meaning. S / LT represents the number of sectors per logical track. The arrangement of the track shown is generally the same as that of FIG. 5, but differs in the following points. First, the number of zones is 30 instead of 31 as shown in FIG. Each zone has 752 physical tracks. In addition, each logical track has 2 to the fourth power or 16 sectors.
[0046]
As shown in FIG. 11, the track address 6 is composed of 16 bits and is used to indicate a value from 0 to 22560. The sector address 5 is composed of 4 bits and is used to indicate a value from 0 to 15.
[0047]
As described above, in the above embodiment, since the track address is set to 16 bits, the track address can be easily calculated.
[0048]
Example 6
Next, Example 6 will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14. Also in this embodiment, one sector consists of 1024 bytes. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, each of zones 0 to 29 is composed of 768 physical tracks 10, and one logical track is composed of 128 sectors. The address is written twice. FIG. 14 shows the format of the header portions 4a and 4b in that case. The track address 6 is composed of 16 bits and is used to represent a value from 0 to 23040, and the sector address 5 is composed of 7 bits and is used to represent a value from 0 to 127. The ID address 7 is “0” or “1”.
[0049]
With such a logical track arrangement, the track address and sector address read from the disk can be used as they are, and the actual track address and sector address can be calculated by simple integer operations corresponding to the linear logical address from the host device. There are advantages. Further, there is an advantage that even if the actual number of sectors per rotation (the number of sectors of one physical track) is different, it is not necessary to consider it. In the example shown in FIGS. 11 and 14, the address is written twice, but it may be recorded in multiples of 2 (m is an integer) times, even if it is not twice. In this case, the ID indicates how many times the address is.
[0050]
Example 7
Next, with reference to FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, the operation when the above-described optical disk is loaded onto the drive device and the target sector is accessed will be described. FIG. 15 shows an optical disk drive device 31 and a host device 32 that are used for writing to and reading from the optical disk 2. The optical disk 2 is actually loaded into the optical disk drive device 31, but is shown outside the optical disk drive device 31 for convenience. The optical disk drive 31 writes commands for writing to and reading from the optical disk 2 from the host device 32 and receives them together with addresses to be read. This address is linear.
[0051]
Hereinafter, an operation in which the drive device that has received such a command seeks a track to which a corresponding sector belongs based on a given address will be described. Since the writing and reading operations are well known, they are omitted.
[0052]
FIG. 16 shows an operation for seeking as described above. First, the drive unit 31 reads the address of the logical track at the current position of the header section on the disk 2 (the position where the write / read head is actually facing) (102). Next, the zone number to which the logical track belongs is calculated from the address of the read logical track (104). Next, the physical position of the logical track from which the address has been read is calculated (106). Next, the linear logical address from the host device 32 is converted into a logical track address (108). Next, the zone number of the target logical track address is calculated (110). Next, the physical position of the target sector is calculated (112). Next, the number of physical tracks between the current position and the target position is calculated in consideration of the zone number (114). A seek operation is started using the obtained number of physical tracks (116). The above operation is repeated until the target track is reached (118).
[0053]
When the target track is reached, the address of the header portion of each sector is read to search for the target sector.
[0054]
The use of the optical disk of the embodiment described above has the following advantages in the seek operation as described above. For example, when the optical disk is the optical disk of the first, second, and third embodiments, the conversion in step 108 can be performed by a simple calculation. That is, the logical track address At and the logical sector address As are obtained as an integer and a remainder in the division. That is,
A_L/ (S / LT)
Here, S / LT is the number of sectors per logical track, A_LIs a linear logical address from the host device. Therefore, a table for address conversion is unnecessary, and the configuration of the apparatus or software for seeking is simplified.
[0055]
In addition, when the optical disk of the second embodiment is used, the zone number calculation (zone identification) in steps 104 and 110 can be performed using the following relational expression. That is, for a given At
17 × (ZN + 1) × {LT / GZ_{N = 0} + (LT / GZ_{N = 0} −ΔLT / G × ZN)} / 2> 17 × At + (number of remaining sectors stored in the table)
The minimum ZN that satisfies the above is the required zone number. Where LT / GZ_{N = 0} Is the number of logical tracks in zone # 0. Therefore, the remaining number of sectors, which is a relatively small numerical value, may be stored in the table. Therefore, the software for the device configuration or seek is simplified.
[0056]
Furthermore, when the optical disk of Example 4 is used, the zone number calculation (zone identification) in steps 104 and 110 can be performed using the following relational expression. That is, for a given At
17 × (ZN + 1) × {LT / GZ_{N = 0} + (LT / GZ_{N = 0} −ΔLT / G × ZN)} / 2> 17 × At
The minimum ZN that satisfies the above is the required zone number. Therefore, there is no need to make corrections using the number of remaining sectors. Therefore, the software for step 104, step 110 or seek is simplified.
[0057]
Example 8
Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This embodiment is for adjusting the power of a laser beam used for writing prior to writing on an optical disk having a test track described in the second embodiment. Such a power adjustment function is provided in the optical disk drive shown in FIG. FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing functions of the optical disk drive 31 having such a function. As shown in the figure, this optical disk drive 31 includes a control circuit 33 having a CPU, ROM and RAM, a recording circuit 34, a laser control circuit 35, a writing / reading head 36 incorporating a semiconductor laser, and a reproducing circuit. 37 and a reproduction quality evaluation circuit 38. The control circuit 33 receives a command from the host device 32 and sends a control signal for performing power adjustment to each unit in the device 31. At this time, the initial value of the laser power used for writing is output. The recording circuit 34 records test data based on the control signal from the control circuit 33. That is, data having a predetermined content is provided. The laser control circuit 35 modulates the data supplied from the recording circuit 34 and sends it to the write / read head. At this time, the power of the semiconductor laser is set to the initial value output from the control circuit 33. The write / read head 36 records the given data with a set power. Then, the recorded data is read. The reproduction circuit 37 demodulates the data read by the write / read head 36. The reproduction quality evaluation circuit 38 calculates how faithful the data from the reproduction circuit 37 is with respect to the data given from the recording circuit 34, that is, how much the error rate is, and thereby determines the reproduction quality. evaluate. Based on the evaluation result, the control circuit 33 changes the power setting value. This is repeated to obtain the optimum power value.
[0058]
FIG. 18 shows the process of obtaining the optimum power value by repeatedly changing the power setting value. First, the power is set to an initial value (202), and writing is performed (204). Next, the written data is reproduced (206). Then, the quality is evaluated (208). Finish if quality is good. If not, it is determined whether the power is too high (210). If it is too large, the power setting value is lowered (212). Conversely, if it is too small, the power setting value is increased (214). Then, the process returns to step 204. The above operation is repeated until the reproduction quality is good.
[0059]
Example 9
Next, an optical disk of Example 9 will be described with reference to FIG. The structure of the disk of this example is generally the same as the disk of Example 1. However, as described in detail below, it differs in that it can be set as a different type of recording area for each zone.
[0060]
A logical track structure as shown in FIG. 19 is arranged. FIG. 19 shows a case of 1024 bytes / sector and 17 sectors / logical track. Among the symbols at the top of each column, the same symbols as those in FIGS. 5, 7, 8 and 12 have the same meaning. FLT is the address of the first logical track in each zone. LT indicates the track number of the data logical track, spare track or parity track in each zone. TEST indicates the track number of the test track in each zone. PAR indicates the number of parity tracks in each zone. The parity track is used to record a parity symbol when the corresponding zone is set to O-ROM (fully embossed).
[0061]
As shown in FIG. 19, the recording area is divided into 30 zones with zone numbers from 0 to 29, and each zone is composed of 748 physical tracks. The number of logical tracks in each zone is obtained by dividing the number of sectors in each zone by 17. The parity track is provided at a predetermined position in each zone, and the number of parity tracks is set to sequentially decrease by 2 from 144 to 86 as the zone number increases. As a result, when obtaining the parity track address of each zone, the number of parity tracks can be reduced by a predetermined number (2), which can be calculated by simple integer calculation, and a table storing addresses is not required. is there.
[0062]
FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of the disk structure management table of the ninth embodiment of the present invention having 1024 bytes / sector. The disk structure management table is provided in the first sector of the defect management area (the first part of the user zone: the first part of the first zone).
[0063]
In FIG. 20, the 0th byte to the 21st byte are information relating to the defect processing and are omitted here because they are not directly related to the present invention. The 22nd to 51st bytes specify the type of each zone from zone # 0 to zone # 29. Here, the types are three types of R / W, WO, and O-ROM. “01” in the row indicates that the corresponding zone is an R / W type, “02” indicates that the corresponding zone is an O-ROM type, and “03” indicates that the corresponding zone is WO. Represents. In the table of FIG. 20, “/” between “(01)”, “(02)”, and “(03)” means “or”.
[0064]
When the disk is R / W type, the 22nd to 51st bytes of the disk structure management table are all set to "01". When the disk is the WO type, all the 22nd to 51st bytes are set to "03". The 22nd to 51st bytes are set to “02”. In the case of P-ROM (that is, a mixture of R / W type zone and O-ROM type zone), the byte corresponding to the R / W type zone is “01”, and the WO type zone The corresponding byte is “02”.
[0065]
When the disc is of the (R / W + WO) type, that is, the R / W type zone and the WO type zone are mixed, the byte corresponding to the R / W type zone is set to “01”, the WO type zone The byte corresponding to the zone is set to “03”.
[0066]
If the disk is a (WO + O-ROM) type, that is, a W / O type zone and an O-ROM type zone are mixed, the byte corresponding to the W / O type zone is set to “03”, O -The byte corresponding to the ROM type zone is set to "02".
[0067]
If the disk is of the (R / W + WO + O-ROM) type, that is, a R / W type zone, a WO type zone and an O-ROM type zone are mixed, the bytes corresponding to the R / W type zone Is set to “01”, the byte corresponding to the WO type zone is set to “03”, and the byte corresponding to the O-ROM type zone is set to “02”.
[0068]
The type of each zone can be set independently of other zones.
[0069]
As described above, there are only four types of conventional optical discs, that is, R / W type, WO type, O-ROM type, and P-ROM type in which a portion of R / W type and a portion of O-ROM type are mixed. In this embodiment, in addition to the above four types, a type in which an R / W type portion and a WO type portion are mixed, a type in which a W / O type portion and an O-ROM type portion are mixed, R Three types of / W type part, a type in which a W / O type part and an O-ROM type part are mixed are possible, and a total of seven types of disks can be obtained.
[0070]
In the conventional P-ROM type, the first zone to a certain zone of the disk are R / W type, and the next zone to the last zone is an O-ROM type zone. The disk was only divided into two in the radial direction, that is, with a circumferential boundary line centered on the center of the disk. On the other hand, in this embodiment, it is possible to freely set the type of each zone on one disk.
[0071]
Example 10
Hereinafter, Example 10 will be described with reference to FIG. As described above, the disk is driven to rotate at a constant angular velocity, and the frequency of the clock used for recording and reading is switched by the zone. When mixing R / W type, WO type, and O-ROM type on a disk, the R / W type zone is the outermost side, the WO type zone is next, and the O-ROM type zone is the innermost side. Deploy. In consideration of the fact that the data transfer rate is higher on the outer peripheral side, the zone of the type that is most frequently accessed is arranged on the outer peripheral side. That is, since the R / W type is accessed most frequently among the three types in order to execute the three operations of read, write, and erase, it is arranged on the outermost side, and the WO type and O-ROM type In consideration of the fact that the former has one write operation with respect to the latter, the WO type is arranged on the outer peripheral side.
[0072]
Example 11
Next, Example 11 will be described with reference to FIG. In the same optical disk as in Example 10, as shown in FIG. 21, when the R / W type and the WO type are mixed, the R / W type zone is arranged on the outermost side and the WO type zone is arranged on the inner side. In consideration of the fact that the data transfer rate is higher on the outer peripheral side, the zone of the type that is most frequently accessed is arranged on the outer peripheral side.
[0073]
Example 12
Next, Example 12 will be described with reference to FIG. In the same optical disk as that of the tenth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 21, when the WO type and the O-ROM type are mixed, the WO type zone is arranged outside and the O-ROM type zone is arranged inside. In consideration of the fact that the data transfer rate is higher on the outer peripheral side, a zone of a type that is accessed more frequently is arranged on the outer peripheral side. That is, in the WO type and the O-ROM type, the WO type is arranged on the outer peripheral side in consideration of the fact that the former is one time with respect to the latter but the writing operation is good.
[0074]
Example 13
Next, Example 13 will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment relates to a light driving device 31 having a function of changing the attribute of a zone as described below. As shown in the figure, the host device 32 and the drive device 31 are connected by an interface such as SCSI, for example. In addition, the optical disk 2 is actually loaded into the optical disk drive device 31.
[0075]
In the thirteenth embodiment, the entire optical disc is created as a R / W area. However, the area displayed as “free” is initially inaccessible. The optical disk drive is provided with a function for executing the command A for rewriting the attribute management table for each zone. When the command A is received from the host device, the attribute of the zone specified in the command is set, for example, as shown in FIG. Change to WO and, along with this, make the “free” area accessible (B). When data is written to an area whose attribute has been changed to WO, the written data cannot be rewritten because the attribute of the area has been changed to the WO attribute. That is, this part is a ROM. On the other hand, writing and reading are possible in the newly accessible R / W area. Therefore, this makes it possible to obtain an optical disc having the same function as a P-ROM.
[0076]
As described above, the attribute can be changed while the user is using the disc. Moreover, after changing to WO once, it is also possible to return to R / W.
[0077]
A P-ROM disk in which the ROM portion is formed by embossing needs to create a master disk for production, and therefore the cost of the disk per sheet increases when the number of copies is small. On the other hand, if a disk is produced as in the above embodiment, a disk equivalent to a P-ROM disk having a ROM portion formed by embossing can be obtained at low cost.
[0078]
Example 14
Next, Example 14 will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment also relates to the light driving device 31 having a function of changing the attribute of the zone. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 24, a certain portion of the data in the R / W area is completely rewritten to the WO attribute. In FIG. 25, only the zone designated by the command C is rewritten to the designated attribute (WO in the illustrated example) (D). For example, it can be applied to the case where it is desired to prevent falsification of only data written in a certain zone.
[0079]
Example 15
Next, Example 15 will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment relates to an optical drive device 31 having a function of changing a zone attribute and executing a backup command. 26, the description of the same parts as those in FIG. 24 is omitted. The optical disk 2 is divided into a plurality of zones, and the attributes of each zone are managed by a management table 41. In FIG. 26, the attributes of the zones are defined alternately in the R / W area and the WO area, and the WO area and the R / W area have substantially the same total capacity.
[0080]
A specific control procedure for executing the backup command will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 27, when a command is received from the host device (302), the content of the command is judged (304), and if it is a capacity inquiry, the capacity of the R / W area is returned (306). If it is a read or write command (308), it is checked whether the write / read head is accessing the R / W area (310), and if it is an R / W area, the command is executed (312). If the command is a backup command (314), the execution completion is immediately returned to the host device 32 (316), and if there is no access while monitoring the access from the host device 32, the data in the R / W area is stored as needed. Copy to the WO area (320). If necessary, the attribute of the corresponding zone in the management table is rewritten to “R / W” prior to copying (318), and is restored after copying (322). FIG. 26 shows that the table rewrites F and H and the data copy G are executed in response to the backup command E. Note that the total capacity of the WO area may be larger than the total capacity of the R / W area.
[0081]
Example 16
Next, Embodiment 16 will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment also relates to the light driving device 31 having a function of changing the attribute of the zone. 28, the description of the same parts as in FIG. 26 is omitted. The optical disc 2 can be recorded on both sides. The optical disk drive 31 has a function of reading / writing without turning the disk on both sides of the optical disk 2. Here, the A surface (front) is an R / W region, and the B surface (back) is a WO region. By the same procedure as shown in FIG. 27, the backup command (I) changes the attribute of the B surface to the R / W area (J), copies the data of the A surface to the B surface (K), Thereafter, the attribute of side B is returned to WO (L). Since data is copied to the WO area, data is not destroyed by an optical disk device that does not have a function of changing the attribute of the area.
[0082]
Example 17
Next, Example 17 will be described with reference to FIGS. 29 and 30. FIG. This embodiment also relates to the light driving device 31 having a function of changing the attribute of the zone. 29, the description of the same parts as those in FIGS. 26 and 28 is omitted. As shown in FIG. 30, when the optical disk drive receives a restore command M from the host device 32 (402), it immediately returns completion to the host device (404) and copies the data in the WO area to the R / W area (406). ).
[0083]
【effect】
According to the driving apparatus and method of the present invention, each logic transistor The rack is composed of 2 n sectors, and Data addresses are serial numbers using binary numbers This makes it easier to calculate the target sector. The Also, a predetermined number of bits from the beginning of the address Is the logical track address, and the start of each sector address. The sector is included based on a predetermined number of bits. The logical track address to be Therefore, it is possible to easily specify the logical track to be performed. In addition, a predetermined number of bits from the end of the address To represent the position of the sector in the logical track A predetermined number of bytes from the end of the address of each sector. Position of the sector in the logical track based on Therefore, it is easy to identify the target sector. I can.
[0084]
Furthermore, data is not stored in a predetermined part of the recording area. The specified part cannot be rewritten during playback. Above the structure management table so that the Area that does not allow rewriting of data indicating recording area attribute Since it was decided to change the area to specify Discs per disc when the number of discs is small Without increasing the cost of a P-ROM disc, etc. Inexpensive discs can be obtained at low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of an optical disc according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the structure of an optical disc according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a guide groove and a land part in partial cross section.
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a track in the vicinity of a boundary between zones of an optical disc according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the format of a disk in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic partial plan view showing an arrangement of guard tracks and test tracks in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the format of a disk in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a disk format in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a format of a disk in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the format of a disk according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of a header portion in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a format example of a disk in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a format according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of a header part in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing an optical disk drive device and a host device 32 used for writing and reading of an optical disk.
FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing the operation of the driving apparatus when accessing the target sector of the optical disc.
FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing an optical disk drive device having a function of adjusting power.
FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing an operation for power adjustment.
FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing the format of a disk in Example 9 of the present invention.
20 is an explanatory diagram of disk structure management according to Embodiment 9. FIG.
FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the arrangement of recording areas of each type in the optical disc according to Example 10.
22 is a diagram showing the arrangement of recording areas of each type in an optical disc according to Example 11. FIG.
FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the arrangement of recording areas of each type in an optical disc according to Example 12.
24 is a structural diagram of an optical disc and an optical disc drive apparatus according to Embodiment 13. FIG.
25 is a structural diagram of an optical disc and an optical disc drive apparatus according to Embodiment 14. FIG.
FIG. 26 is a structural diagram of an optical disc and an optical disc drive apparatus according to Embodiment 15.
27 is a flowchart of processing according to Embodiment 15. FIG.
28 is a structural diagram of an optical disc and an optical disc drive apparatus according to Embodiment 16. FIG.
29 is a structural diagram of an optical disc and an optical disc drive apparatus according to Embodiment 17. FIG.
30 is a flowchart of processing according to Embodiment 17. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Guide groove, 2 Optical disk, 3 Optical spot, 4, 4a, 4b Header part, 5 Sector address part, 6 Track address part, 7 Data part, 8 sector, 9 Physical track, 10 zone, 11 track, 12 land part, 13 Zone boundary, 14, 15 Guard track, 16 Test track, 21 ID address, 31 Optical disk drive, 32 Host device, 41 Management table.

Claims (2)

Physical tracks provided in the recording area, each corresponding to one rotation ,
Provided in the physical tracks, it has a sector including a header region addresses each of which is recorded,
A logical track is composed of a certain number of sectors,
By specifying the address recorded in the header area of each sector, it can be specified which sector belongs to each of the logical tracks ,
A predetermined number of bits from the start address of each sector, and Table Wa address of the logical tracks included the said sector,
A predetermined number of bits from the end of each sector address represents the position of the sector in the logical track;
With (n is an integer) n-th power of each logical track 2 is made up of pieces of sector, the address is a sequential number using a binary,
Or a region where the recording area is allowed to rewrite recording area attribute that specifies whether a region that does not permit rewriting is set, the structure management data are provided at a predetermined position on the optical disc representing the recording area attribute What optical disk drive der driving the rewritable example possible optical disc that will be recorded in the table,
Means for identifying the address of a logical track containing the sector based on a predetermined number of bits from the beginning of the address of each sector ;
Means for identify the location of the sectors in the logical track on the basis of a predetermined number of bits from the end of the address of each sector,
Means for recorded data representing the recording area attribute to the structure management table,
Means for recording data in a predetermined portion of the recording area;
As it considered ROM area in which the predetermined portion can not be rewritten during reproduction, characterized in that it comprises a means for changing to specify an area that does not permit rewriting of data representing the recording area attribute of the structure management table A rewritable optical disk drive device. Provided in the recording area, one rotation each Physical tracks equivalent to minutes,
It is provided on the physical track and the address is recorded on each. Having a sector containing a recorded header area;
A logical track is composed of a certain number of sectors,
Specify the above address recorded in the header area of each sector Each sector to which of the above logical tracks You can identify whether it belongs,
A predetermined number of bits from the start of the address of each sector Represents the address of the logical track included in the sector. And
A predetermined number of bits from the end of each sector's address Represents the position of the sector in the logical track,
Each logical track is composed of 2 n sectors (n is an integer). And the above address uses binary numbers Is a serial number,
Whether the recording area is a rewrite-allowed area or rewrite The recording area attribute that specifies whether the area is not allowed And data representing the recording area attribute is recorded on the optical disc. Rewriting recorded in the structure management table provided at a predetermined position An optical disk drive method for driving a recordable optical disk. What
A predetermined number of bits from the start of the address of each sector Address of the logical track containing the sector based on A process of identifying
A predetermined number of bits from the end of each sector's address Based on the position of the sector in the logical track. A process to determine,
Data representing the recording area attribute is recorded in the structure management table. Recording process,
Recording data in a predetermined portion of the recording area;
ROM area where the specified part cannot be rewritten during playback The recording area attribute of the structure management table Specify the area that does not allow rewriting of data representing sex The method for driving a rewritable optical disc, comprising:

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