JP3467867B2 - Toggle punch press - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a toggle type punch press such as a turret punch press which raises and lowers a ram by a toggle mechanism. 2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a mechanical punch press in which the rotation of a flywheel rotating at a constant speed is converted into a linear reciprocating motion by a crank mechanism to perform a punching operation is generally used. Have been. Each start and stop of the punching operation is performed by turning on and off the transmission of rotation to the crankshaft by a clutch brake. Since this type of mechanism utilizes the inertia of a flywheel, the speed cannot be changed during the stroke. However, from the viewpoint of noise prevention and high-speed punching, control for changing the speed in the middle of a stroke is desired. That is, the noise in punching is reduced by lowering the speed at which the punch tool actually punches the work, but the reduction in stroke speed causes a delay in the cycle time of punching. Therefore, it is desired to control the speed at which the punch tool actually punches the workpiece during one stroke, and increase the stroke speed at other times. Such control of the punch speed is realized to some extent in the hydraulic punch press, but the cost is increased by the hydraulic system. In a mechanical punch press, if the speed can be controlled by a servomotor, the punch speed can be controlled. However, the motor output becomes insufficient to directly obtain a punching force by the rotation of the servomotor. Accordingly, the present applicant has proposed a mechanism for performing a punching operation by a servo motor 46 via a toggle mechanism 44 as shown in FIG. 6 (Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 6-157977).
issue). The toggle mechanism 44 is formed by connecting the upper end of an upper toggle link 44a as a fulcrum A and connecting a ram 42 for lifting and lowering a punch tool 43 to a lower toggle link 44b. A connection point between the upper and lower links 44 a and 44 b is connected to a servomotor 46 via an advance / retreat lever 45 and a crank mechanism 47. By using the toggle mechanism 44 in this manner,
By using the servo motor 46 as a drive source, it is possible to control the speed during the stroke and to obtain a sufficient pressing force for punching. The fulcrum A may be fixed in position during normal punching. However, it is required that the ram 42 be raised significantly when the punch tool 43 is replaced or the like. Therefore, the fulcrum supporting lever 49 and the second toggle for supporting the tension thereof are required. When the tool is changed, the second toggle mechanism 50 is bent by the air cylinder 51 so that the fulcrum A together with the fulcrum support lever 49 is greatly raised. However, since the fulcrum support lever 49 and the second toggle mechanism 50 are used to change the position of the fulcrum A at the time of tool change, the number of parts is large, the structure is complicated, and the drive system There is a problem that the vertical height is increased and the entire punch press is increased in size. Further, in addition to the fulcrum support lever 49, a structure is provided in which the toggle link of the second toggle mechanism 50 and the like are interposed, so that play and errors at the connection points between the members accumulate and rattling occurs. There is fear. Therefore, the stable support of the fulcrum A at the time of punching is not enough. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a simple mechanism for changing the fulcrum position of a toggle mechanism at the time of a tool change or the like, thereby reducing the size of a punch press and achieving stable swinging with little backlash. An object of the present invention is to provide a toggle-type punch press capable of supporting a fulcrum. A toggle-type punch press according to the present invention includes a fulcrum support means for supporting a swing fulcrum of a toggle mechanism, and a position changing operation of the fulcrum of the fulcrum support means. And a changing means for performing the setting. The toggle mechanism includes upper and lower toggle links that are flexibly connected to each other, and includes a punch driving device that bends the toggle links. The fulcrum support means has an oscillating fulcrum of the upper toggle link, and can perform an operation of changing the position of the oscillating fulcrum up and down. The lower toggle link is connected to a ram that can move the punch tool up and down. The fulcrum support means is configured as an eccentric mechanism comprising a rotation support member and an eccentric member rotatably supported by the rotation support member about a substantially horizontal axis and having the swing fulcrum at an eccentric position. . The eccentric member is provided with a positioning engagement portion, and is detachably engaged with the positioning engagement portion at a rotation angle of the eccentric member when performing punching to stop rotation of the eccentric member. Keru set the positioning member. When the toggle mechanism is bent by the punch driving device, the ram connected to the lower toggle link is moved up and down to perform punching. By controlling the speed of the punch driving device, the punch speed during the stroke can be changed. When the punch tool is replaced, the swing support point of the toggle link on the upper side of the toggle mechanism is moved upward by operating the fulcrum support means by the change means.
As a result, the entire toggle mechanism is lifted, and the ram can be raised by a height necessary for tool change or the like. Since the fulcrum support means is operated directly by the change means, it can be of a simple configuration with a small number of parts, and the whole punch press can be reduced in size. In addition, since it is operated directly, there is no play in the play portion or the like due to the inclusion, and the swing fulcrum can be stably supported. When the fulcrum support means is an eccentric mechanism comprising a rotation support member and an eccentric member, the fulcrum support means can be made compact with a simple configuration, and the punch press can be made smaller and shorter.
If the eccentric member is provided with a positioning engaging portion and the engaging portion is provided with a releasable positioning member, the eccentric member is prevented from rotating due to the punch reaction force and the fulcrum position is prevented from being shifted, thereby ensuring stable operation. To perform punching. In addition, when the tool is changed, the position of the swing fulcrum can be easily changed by removing the positioning engagement portion. An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the toggle punch press, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are a side view and a plan view thereof. The frame 1, which is a punch frame, has a C-shaped side surface, and an upper turret 2 and a lower turret 3 are coaxially mounted on an upper frame portion 1a and a lower frame 1b. A plurality of punch tools 4 and die tools 5 are installed on the upper and lower turrets 2 and 3 in a circumferential direction. When the punch tool 4 is indexed to the ram position P, the punch tool 4 is connected to the ram 6 and driven to move up and down.
The ram 6 is supported by the upper frame 1a via a guide member 7 so as to be able to move up and down, and is driven up and down by a toggle mechanism 8 that bends. In this embodiment, two rams 6 are provided side by side in the radial direction of the turrets 2 and 3, and an indexing mechanism (not shown) can selectively transmit a lifting / lowering operation. Thus, the punch tools 4 in the inner and outer rows arranged concentrically on the turrets 2 and 3 are selectively driven for punching. The plate material W (FIG. 4) is gripped by the work holder 17 of the work feed mechanism 20 and sent to the ram position P on the table 18. As shown in FIG. 1, a toggle mechanism 8 is formed by connecting a short upper toggle link 8a and a long lower toggle link 8b with a pin 9 to bend freely. Is driven to bend. The forward / backward lever 10 is driven forward / backward by a servomotor 12 via a crank mechanism 13. A punch driving device 11 is configured by the advance / retreat lever 10, the crank mechanism 13, and the servomotor 12. Lower toggle link 8 of toggle mechanism 8
b has a lower end rotatably connected to an upper end of the ram 6 by a pin. The swinging fulcrum A1 at the upper end of the upper toggle link 8a is supported by the fulcrum support means 21 so as to be able to change the vertical position, as described later, and the changing means 22 directly changes the vertical position. The reciprocating lever 10 includes a reciprocating lever body 10b.
The swing lever 10c is vertically rotatably connected to the distal end of the swing lever 10c. The forked upper end of the swing lever 10c is vertically rotatably connected to the pin 9 of the bent portion of the toggle mechanism 8. Have been. By the vertical swing of the swing lever 10c, the vertical displacement of the bent portion accompanying the bending operation of the toggle mechanism 8 is absorbed. The forward / backward lever main body 10b is composed of two guide rails 19, 1 vertically arranged at the center of the upper frame portion 1a.
9 is supported via a guide member 10a so as to be able to advance and retreat. The crank mechanism 13 includes a disc-shaped crank 1.
3a is provided on the upper part of the column portion 1c of the frame 1 so that the axis thereof is oriented sideways, and the axis of the crank 13a is aligned parallel to the crank 13a at a position below the column 1c.
And one end of the connecting rod 14 is rotatably connected to the eccentric position of the crank 13a. The other end of the connecting rod 14 is rotatably connected to the base end of the advance / retreat lever body 10b. The rotation output of the servo motor 12 is output from its output gear 15.
Is transmitted to the crank 13a by meshing with the input gear 16 of the crank 13a. The fulcrum support means 21 is configured as an eccentric mechanism as shown in a cutaway front view in FIG.
That is, the fulcrum support means 21 is composed of a pair of ring-shaped rotating support members 22 and 22 attached to the side plates on both sides of the upper frame portion 1a, and a circular support having both ends rotatably supported by these rotating support members 22. And a shaft-shaped eccentric member 23. The eccentric member 23 has a link loose fitting groove 23b at the center in the axial direction,
A pin 23c serving as the swing fulcrum A1 is provided through the link loose fitting groove 23b at an eccentric position of the eccentric member 23. The upper end of the upper toggle link 8a is rotatably connected to the pin 23. Therefore, the pivotal fulcrum A1 is vertically moved by the rotation of the eccentric member 23. In addition, the left and right rotation support members 22 are respectively spaced from each other by the spacers 22c.
And an inner peripheral member 22a and an outer peripheral member 22b fitted inside and outside through the intermediary of the eccentric member 23. By adjusting the sandwiching thickness of the left and right spacers 22c, the eccentric member 23 can be adjusted so that the left and right misalignment becomes small. ing. The changing means 24 is means for changing the position of the swing fulcrum A1 up and down by rotating the eccentric member 23, and includes a mounting table 25 fixed to the upper frame portion 1a.
And a cylinder device 26 connected between the eccentric member 23 and the bracket 23d. The cylinder device 26 is a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder device, and has a two-stage stroke in which two unit cylinder devices 26A and 26B are connected in series back to back. Piston rod and eccentric member 2 of both unit cylinder devices 26A, 26B
Adjustment screws 27A and 27B for adjusting the length are provided at the connection portion between the base 3 and the mount 25. Change means 24
May be constituted by a manual lever or the like. A positioning engagement recess 23a is formed on the outer periphery of the eccentric member 23, and a positioning cylinder 28 having a pin-shaped positioning member 28a engaging and disengaging from the recess is provided on a front plate portion of the upper frame portion 1a. . Positioning engagement recess 23a of eccentric member 23
Can be engaged with the positioning member 28a at the rotation angle of the eccentric member 23 at which the swing fulcrum A1 is at the height at the time of punching (in this embodiment, the swing fulcrum A1 is at the lowest position). Position. As shown in FIG. 2 (C), two positioning engaging recesses 23a are provided on both sides of the link loose fitting groove 23b of the eccentric member 23, and the positioning member 28a and the positioning for driving the same are respectively provided. A cylinder 28 is provided. According to this configuration, the up-and-down stroke of the ram 6 for punching is obtained by the bending operation of the toggle mechanism 8, and the elevating and retreating of the ram 6 necessary for tool exchange and the like is performed by the swing fulcrum A1 by the fulcrum support means 21. Is carried out by raising the entire toggle mechanism 8 by changing the position of. For this reason, the up-and-down stroke of the ram 6 can be small, and unnecessary operation during punching can be omitted. The punching operation is performed as follows. When the servo motor 12 rotates the crank 13a once, the reciprocating lever 10 performs one reciprocating reciprocating operation. During this one reciprocating operation, while the advance / retreat lever 10 reaches the center position of the advance / retreat stroke S from the right end position in FIG.
Changes from a state in which the bent portion is bent rightward to an extended state, and accordingly, the ram 6 descends from the top dead center to the bottom dead center. While the forward / backward lever 10 reaches the left end position from the center position of the forward / backward stroke S, the toggle mechanism 8 changes its bent portion from the extended state to the leftward bent state, and the ram 6 moves from the bottom dead center accordingly. Ascend to top dead center. When the forward / backward lever 10 returns from the left end position to the right end position, the ram 6 moves up and down as described above. In this way, while the forward / backward lever 10 performs one reciprocating forward / backward movement, the ram 6 repeats the up / down operation twice, and the punching operation by the punch tool 4 is performed twice. Servo motor 1
Since the drive source 2 is used as the drive source, it is possible to perform control for changing the elevating speed of the punch tool 6 during the stroke. For example, control can be performed to reduce the speed at which the punch tool 6 actually punches the plate material W, and to increase the stroke speed at other times. Therefore, high-speed punching can be performed while suppressing noise. Since the rotation of the servomotor 12 is converted into an elevating operation by the toggle mechanism 8, the pressing force required for the punch can be obtained even when the driving source is the servomotor 12. At the time of tool change, etc., the swing fulcrum A1 is set with the ram 6 at the raised position and the toggle mechanism 8 stopped.
Change the position of. To change the swing fulcrum A1, the positioning member 28a of the positioning cylinder 28 is moved to the eccentric member 23.
5B, the eccentric member 23 is rotated by operating the cylinder device 26 of the changing means 24 as shown in FIG. 5B.
Thus, the swing fulcrum A1 of the toggle mechanism 8 is displaced upward, and the entire toggle mechanism 8 is lifted. Therefore, the ram 6 can be raised and retracted greatly, and replacement work of the punch tool 4 and the like can be easily performed. In this case, the swing fulcrum A1 is connected to the eccentric member 2
The rotation direction of the eccentric member 23 is selected so that the toggle mechanism 8 is not excessively deviated in the bending direction when ascending since the rotation of the eccentric member 3 also causes the displacement in the left-right direction with the upward displacement. That is,
In the state of the punching operation shown in FIG. 5A, the cylinder device 26 is set so that one of the unit thin cylinder devices 26A is in a shortened state and the other unit thin cylinder device 26B is in an extended state, and has a neutral length as a whole. Keep it. When the toggle mechanism 8 is bent to the left in the drawing and stopped as shown by the solid line in FIG. 5A when the swing fulcrum A1 is raised, the cylinder device is stopped as shown in FIG. 5B. The unit cylinder device 26A is extended, and the eccentric member 23 is rotated so that the swing fulcrum A1 is displaced to the right side opposite to the bending side. When the toggle mechanism 8 is bent to the right in the figure as shown by the chain line in FIG. 5A, the unit cylinder device 26B is shortened as shown in FIG. The eccentric member 23 is rotated so that the movement supporting point A1 is displaced. Accordingly, even when the toggle mechanism 8 is stopped in any direction, the entire toggle mechanism 8 can be lifted without the toggle mechanism 8 being excessively biased toward the bending side. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5B and FIG.
When the cylinder 6 is in the most extended state or the most contracted state, the cylinder devices 2 are set so that the swing fulcrum A1 is at the top dead center position.
The length is adjusted in advance with the adjusting screws 27A and 27B at both ends of No. 6. When the tool change is completed, the eccentric member 23 is returned to the original rotation angle by the cylinder device 26, and the positioning member 28a is moved by the positioning cylinder 28 to the concave portion 23 of the eccentric member 23.
a, and the eccentric member 23 is stopped from rotating. Accordingly, the swinging fulcrum A1 at the upper end of the toggle mechanism 8 can be stably punched without being unexpectedly displaced by a punch reaction force. According to this toggle-type punch press, when the toggle mechanism 8 is lifted and retracted at the time of tool change, the fulcrum support means 21 having the swing fulcrum A1 is changed by the changing means 24 without interposing a complicated mechanism. Since the swing fulcrum A1 is directly operated, the swing fulcrum A1 can be raised with a minimum number of parts, and the size of the punch press can be reduced. In addition, since the fulcrum support means 21 is directly moved by the change means 24, there is no problem such as accumulation of errors and play in the inclusions, and the position of the swing fulcrum A1 can be changed, and stable support with little backlash is provided. Can be performed. In particular, since the fulcrum support means 21 is constituted by the eccentric member 23, the size and the number of parts can be further reduced, and the support can be stabilized. In addition, since the positioning member 28a is engaged and disengaged by providing the positioning engaging recess 23a in the eccentric member 23, the swing fulcrum A1 can be firmly supported at the time of punching. Just by removing, for example, the toggle mechanism 8 required for tool change or the like can be raised. The toggle-type punch press of the present invention is provided with a movable fulcrum supporting means having a swing fulcrum of the upper toggle link, and the operation of changing the fulcrum position of the fulcrum supporting means is directly performed by the changing means. Since the swing fulcrum can be moved with the minimum number of parts, the mechanism for moving the fulcrum can be reduced, and the punch press can be downsized. In addition, since it is moved directly, there is no accumulation of errors and play between components, and stable swing fulcrum with little backlash can be supported. Since the fulcrum supporting means is constituted by an eccentric member provided with the swing fulcrum and the rotation supporting member, the fulcrum support means become a thing of the lower small a vertical height, lower and more back the punch press size And the number of parts is small, the configuration is simple,
A stable swing fulcrum can be supported with less backlash. The positioning engagement portion provided on the eccentric member, while the order was engaged provided disengageably positioning member for rotation stopper <br/> the engagement portion, which is firmly positioned fulcrum of the toggle mechanism Punching can be performed, and when a tool is changed, the engagement can be easily released to change the fulcrum position.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partially broken side view of a toggle punch press according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a partial plan view of the punch press, and FIG.
Is a longitudinal side view of the same part, and (C) is a longitudinal front view of the same part. FIG. 3 is a side view of the punch press. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the punch press. FIG. 5A is a schematic explanatory view of the punch press during punching, and FIGS. 5B and 5C are schematic explanatory views of a ram ascending and retracting, respectively. FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory view of a conventional example. [Description of Signs] 4 ... Punch Tool, 6 ... Ram, 8 ... Toggle Mechanism, 8a ... Upper Toggle Link, 8b ... Lower Toggle Link, 11 ... Punch Drive, 12 ... Servo Motor, 13 ... Crank Mechanism, 21 ... fulcrum support means, 22 ... rotation support member, 23 ...
Eccentric member, 24 ... changing means, 26 ... cylinder device, 28
... Positioning cylinder, 28a ... Positioning member, A1 ... Swinging fulcrum

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B30B 1/14 B21D 28/36 B30B 15/06

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] A toggle mechanism including upper and lower toggle links that are flexibly connected to each other, a punch driving device that bends the toggle link, and a lower toggle link. A liftable ram for raising and lowering the punch tool, fulcrum support means having an oscillating fulcrum of the upper toggle link and capable of moving the oscillating fulcrum up and down; and operation directly <br/> Bei example and changing means for causing the said fulcrum supporting means comprises a rotary support member, the rotation
The support member is rotatably supported around a substantially horizontal axis and
An eccentric member having the swing fulcrum at the center position.
The eccentric member is provided with a positioning engagement portion, and punching is performed.
The positioning engagement with the rotation angle of the eccentric member when
Engageable part to stop rotation of the eccentric member
Toggle punch press with positioning member .