JP3464196B2 - Variable magnetic field strength electromagnet and variable energy accelerator using the same - Google Patents
Variable magnetic field strength electromagnet and variable energy accelerator using the sameInfo
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- JP3464196B2 JP3464196B2 JP2000212440A JP2000212440A JP3464196B2 JP 3464196 B2 JP3464196 B2 JP 3464196B2 JP 2000212440 A JP2000212440 A JP 2000212440A JP 2000212440 A JP2000212440 A JP 2000212440A JP 3464196 B2 JP3464196 B2 JP 3464196B2
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- magnetic field
- variable
- field strength
- shape
- electromagnet
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、磁場強度可変型電
磁石、及び、これを用いたエネルギ可変型加速器に係
り、特に、角度方向に変化する磁場を持つＡＶＦ（Azim
uthal Varied Field）サイクロトロンに用いるのに好
適な、磁場強度の変化に拘らず、略一定の磁場分布を形
成するための磁場強度可変型電磁石、及び、これを用い
たエネルギ可変型加速器に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a variable magnetic field strength type electromagnet and an energy variable type accelerator using the same, and more particularly to an AVF (Azim) having a magnetic field changing in an angular direction.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a variable magnetic field intensity type electromagnet suitable for use in a cyclotron for forming a substantially constant magnetic field distribution regardless of changes in the magnetic field intensity, and an energy variable type accelerator using the same.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】加速器、例えばサイクロトロンは、その
磁場分布によって、ビームの加速と集束の性能が決ま
る。特に、エネルギ可変型サイクロトロンの場合、低エ
ネルギから高エネルギまで、即ち、低い磁場から高い磁
場までの広い範囲に亘って、ビームの加速及び集束に適
した磁場分布を形成することが必要となる。2. Description of the Related Art In an accelerator, for example, a cyclotron, the performance of beam acceleration and focusing is determined by its magnetic field distribution. Particularly in the case of the variable energy cyclotron, it is necessary to form a magnetic field distribution suitable for beam acceleration and focusing over a wide range from low energy to high energy, that is, from low magnetic field to high magnetic field.
【０００３】一般に、サイクロトロンの電磁石に使用さ
れる電磁軟鉄の磁気特性（Ｂ−Ｈ曲線）は、直線的でな
く、２Ｔ（テスラ）程度で飽和するような曲線を描く。
従って、一般的な電磁石では、磁力線が集中する部分
と、そうでない部分では、励磁電流（磁界の強さ）を増
していった場合、磁束密度の増加率は等しくない。その
結果、低い磁場と高い磁場で、磁場分布が変わってしま
う。Generally, the magnetic characteristics (BH curve) of electromagnetic soft iron used for the electromagnet of a cyclotron are not linear but draw a curve that saturates at about 2T (Tesla).
Therefore, in a general electromagnet, the rate of increase of the magnetic flux density is not equal in the part where the lines of magnetic force are concentrated and the part where it is not, when the exciting current (the strength of the magnetic field) is increased. As a result, the magnetic field distribution changes between the low magnetic field and the high magnetic field.
【０００４】典型的なＡＶＦサイクロトロンの中心部磁
極形状を図１（下半分の斜視図）及び図２（全体の断面
図）に示す。ＡＶＦサイクロトロンの磁極は、バレー部
１０と、ヒル部１２と、中心部１４で構成される。特
に、中心部磁極形状は、中心領域の磁場Ｂの分布を決定
するため、加速初期段階のビームの加速及び集束性能に
大きく影響する。従来の中心部磁極形状は、図１及び図
２に示した如く、バレー部１０及びヒル部１２と中心部
１４の境界エッジ部１２Ｅ、１４Ｅでは、急激な段にな
っていた。A central magnetic pole shape of a typical AVF cyclotron is shown in FIG. 1 (lower half perspective view) and FIG. 2 (overall sectional view). The magnetic pole of the AVF cyclotron is composed of a valley portion 10, a hill portion 12, and a central portion 14. In particular, since the shape of the magnetic pole in the central portion determines the distribution of the magnetic field B in the central region, it greatly affects the beam acceleration and focusing performance in the initial stage of acceleration. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the conventional center pole shape has a steep step at the boundary edge portions 12E and 14E between the valley portion 10 and the hill portion 12 and the center portion 14.
【０００５】一般に、サイクロトロンの中心領域磁場分
布は、図３に高磁場の磁場分布として実線で示すような
バンプを中心に形成させ、加速初期の段階では、弱集束
の原理によって、ビームに縦方向の集束作用を与えてお
り、同時に、加速電圧の周波数とビーム周回周波数が、
ある範囲内で一致するような磁束密度となっている。In general, the central region magnetic field distribution of a cyclotron is formed by forming a bump as shown by a solid line in FIG. 3 as a magnetic field distribution of a high magnetic field. Of the accelerating voltage and the beam orbiting frequency,
The magnetic flux densities are consistent within a certain range.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、図１に
示したような従来の中心部磁極形状で、そのまま励磁電
流を減じていくと、中心バンプの高さは極端に低くな
り、終には、図３に低磁場の磁場分布として破線で示す
如く、中心部の磁束密度が極端に低い谷型の分布を形成
してしまう。即ち、加速初期段階で、ビームに集束作用
ではなく、逆に発散作用を与えてしまう。However, if the exciting current is reduced as it is with the conventional center pole shape as shown in FIG. 1, the height of the center bump becomes extremely low, and finally, as indicated by dashed line as a magnetic field distribution in the low magnetic field in FIG. 3, the magnetic flux density in the center portion will form a distribution of extremely low valley. That is, in the initial stage of acceleration, not the focusing action but the diverging action is given to the beam.
【０００７】このような谷型の磁場分布を補正する目的
で、中心部分に補助コイルを設置することも考えられて
いるが、その場合でも、深い谷型の磁場分布を補正しよ
うとすると、中心部分の非常に狭い設置スペースに、比
較的起磁力の大きいコイルを設置しなければならず、技
術的な困難が伴う。For the purpose of correcting such a valley-shaped magnetic field distribution, it is considered to install an auxiliary coil in the central portion, but even in that case, if the deep valley-shaped magnetic field distribution is corrected, A coil having a relatively large magnetomotive force must be installed in a very small installation space of a part, which is technically difficult.
【０００８】逆に、図１に示したような従来の中心部磁
極形状で、低磁場の時に適正な中心バンプを形成するよ
う、中心部１４の高さを高くすると、高磁場において加
速性能に悪影響を及ぼすほど高いバンプを形成してしま
い、結果的に加速性能（等時性）に大きな悪影響を来し
てしまうという問題点を有していた。On the contrary, in the conventional center pole shape as shown in FIG. 1, if the height of the center portion 14 is increased so as to form an appropriate center bump when the magnetic field is low, the acceleration performance is improved in the high magnetic field. There is a problem that high bumps are formed to such an extent that they adversely affect, and as a result, the acceleration performance (isochronism) is greatly adversely affected.
【０００９】本発明は、前記従来の問題点を解決するべ
くなされたもので、磁場強度の変化に拘らず、略一定の
磁場分布を形成することが可能な磁場強度可変型電磁石
を提供することを第一の課題とする。The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides a variable magnetic field strength electromagnet capable of forming a substantially constant magnetic field distribution regardless of changes in the magnetic field strength. Is the first issue.
【００１０】本発明は、又、低エネルギから高エネルギ
まで、ビームの加速及び集束に適した中心領域磁場分布
を形成することが可能なエネルギ可変型加速器を提供す
ることを第二の課題とする。A second object of the present invention is to provide a variable energy accelerator capable of forming a central region magnetic field distribution suitable for beam acceleration and focusing from low energy to high energy. .
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、磁場強度の変
化に拘らず、略一定の磁場分布を形成するための磁場強
度可変型電磁石であって、バレー部と、ヒル部と、中心
部で構成される磁極を有し、高い磁場でも磁気が飽和し
ないよう、前記ヒル部の先端及び前記中心部のバレー部
側を階段形状又は斜面形状とすることにより、前記第一
の課題を解決したものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a variable magnetic field strength electromagnet for forming a substantially constant magnetic field distribution regardless of changes in the magnetic field strength, including a valley portion, a hill portion, and a central portion.
Has a magnetic pole composed of a central part, so that the magnetic field does not saturate even in a high magnetic field, the tip of the hill part and the valley part of the central part
By the side of the staircase shape or slope shape is obtained by solving the first problem.
【００１２】又、前記ヒル部の中心部との境界エッジ部
に階段形状又は斜面形状を付加したものである。 A boundary edge portion with the central portion of the hill portion
In addition, a staircase shape or a slope shape is added .
【００１３】本発明は、又、前記の磁場強度可変型電磁
石を用いてエネルギ可変型加速器を構成することによ
り、前記第二の課題を解決したものである。The present invention also solves the second problem by constructing a variable energy type accelerator using the variable magnetic field strength type electromagnet.
【００１４】図１に示したような従来の磁極形状である
と、図２に示したような、バレー部１０やヒル部１２と
中心部１４の境界エッジ部１２Ｅ、１４Ｅにおいて、励
磁電流の違いによる磁場分布変化が顕著であり、これ
は、磁極の形状と電磁軟鉄の磁気特性に起因していると
考えられる。即ち、境界に近いエッジ部１２Ｅや１４Ｅ
では、中心部１４に向かって、急な段形状となっている
ため、高磁場において磁気飽和し、低磁場において磁力
線の集中が顕著に現れ、分布の変化が大きくなると考え
られる。With the conventional magnetic pole shape as shown in FIG. 1, the difference in exciting current at the boundary edge portions 12E and 14E between the valley portion 10 and the hill portion 12 and the central portion 14 as shown in FIG. The magnetic field distribution change due to is remarkable, which is considered to be due to the shape of the magnetic pole and the magnetic characteristics of the electromagnetic soft iron. That is, the edge portions 12E and 14E close to the boundary
It is considered that, since the shape is steep toward the central portion 14, magnetic saturation occurs in a high magnetic field and concentration of magnetic force lines remarkably appears in a low magnetic field, resulting in a large change in distribution.
【００１５】そこで、本発明では、高い磁場でも、磁気
が飽和しないよう、ヒル部の先端及び中心部のバレー部
側を階段形状又は斜面形状として、磁気飽和の影響を緩
和し、分布の変化を小さくしている。Therefore, in the present invention, the valley portion at the tip of the hill portion and the valley portion at the center portion are prevented so that the magnetism is not saturated even in a high magnetic field.
Side as a step shape or a slope shape, and mitigate the effects of magnetic saturation, and reduce the change in distribution.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】以下図面を参照して、本発明の実
施形態を詳細に説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
【００１７】先ず比較例について説明する。この比較例
は、図４（下半分の斜視図）及び図５（全体の断面図）
に示す如く、ヒル部１２の先端に階段形状１２Ａを付加
したものである。この場合、追加する段数が多いほど、
磁気飽和の影響を緩和できる。 First, a comparative example will be described. This comparative example is shown in FIG. 4 (lower half perspective view) and FIG. 5 (overall cross-sectional view).
As shown in, the stepped shape 12A is added to the tip of the hill portion 12. In this case, the more stages you add,
The effect of magnetic saturation can be mitigated.
【００１８】これに加えて、本発明の第１実施形態で
は、図６（下半分の斜視図）及び図７（全体の断面図）
に示すように、中心部１４とバレー部１０の接続部も階
段形状１４Ａとしている。In addition to this, in the first embodiment of the present invention,
6 is a perspective view of the lower half and FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the whole.
It is shown in sea urchin, the connection part of the central portion 14 and the valley portion 10 also you are a staircase shape 14A.
【００１９】なお第１実施形態においては、バレー部及
びヒル部と中心部の接続部に階段形状が形成されていた
が、図８（下半分の斜視図）及び図９（全体の断面図）
に示す第２実施形態のように、斜面形状１２Ｂ、１４Ｂ
を形成することも可能である。In the first embodiment, the valley section and the
A staircase shape was formed at the connecting portion between the hill portion and the central portion, but FIG. 8 (lower half perspective view) and FIG. 9 (overall cross-sectional view)
As in the second embodiment shown in FIG.
Can also be formed.
【００２０】[0020]
【実施例】前記比較例の中心部磁極形状とした場合の、
励磁電流と中心領域磁場分布の相関の例を図１０に示
す。図３に示した従来例と比較して、実線で示す高磁場
の磁場分布は従来とほぼ同じを維持したまま、破線で示
す低磁場の磁場分布の中心部分の磁束密度の落ち込みを
減らして、必要な中心バンプを維持できていることが分
かる。[Example] When the shape of the magnetic pole in the central portion of the comparative example is used,
FIG. 10 shows an example of the correlation between the excitation current and the central region magnetic field distribution. Compared with the conventional example shown in FIG. 3, while maintaining the magnetic field distribution of the high magnetic field shown by the solid line almost the same as the conventional one, by reducing the drop of the magnetic flux density in the central portion of the magnetic field distribution of the low magnetic field shown by the broken line, It can be seen that the required center bump can be maintained.
【００２１】このようにして、低エネルギから高エネル
ギの広い範囲で、加速初期段階の充分な加速、集束性能
（等時性と弱集束）を得ることができる。即ち、低磁場
から高磁場までの広い範囲で、適切な中心領域磁場分布
を形成することができる。In this way, sufficient acceleration and focusing performance (isochronous and weak focusing) in the initial stage of acceleration can be obtained in a wide range from low energy to high energy. That is, it is possible to form an appropriate central region magnetic field distribution in a wide range from a low magnetic field to a high magnetic field.
【００２２】なお前記実施形態においては、本発明が、
ＡＶＦサイクロトロンに適用されていたが、本発明の適
用対象はこれに限定されず、ＡＶＦサイクロトロン以外
の一般のサイクロトロンや他の加速器、あるいは、蛍光
Ｘ線分析ＰＩＸＥ（ParticleInduced X-ray Emission
Tomography）等、加速器以外の磁場強度可変型電磁石
全般にも同様に適用できることは明らかである。In the above embodiment, the present invention is
Although the present invention has been applied to the AVF cyclotron, the application target of the present invention is not limited to this, and general cyclotrons other than the AVF cyclotron and other accelerators, or fluorescent X-ray analysis PIXE (Particle Induced X-ray Emission).
It is obvious that the same can be applied to general electromagnets of variable magnetic field strength other than the accelerator such as Tomography).
【００２３】[0023]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、励磁電流の変化による
中心領域磁場分布の変化を最小限に抑えることができ、
可変エネルギの範囲を広げることができる。又、例えば
加速器において、中心磁場を補正するためのコイルが不
要としたり、あるいは、コイル起磁力を小さくすること
ができる。According to the present invention, it is possible to minimize the change in the central region magnetic field distribution due to the change in exciting current,
The range of variable energy can be expanded. Further, for example, in the accelerator, a coil for correcting the central magnetic field is unnecessary, or the coil magnetomotive force can be reduced.
【図１】従来のＡＶＦサイクロトロンの中心部磁極の下
半分の形状を示す斜視図FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the shape of the lower half of a central magnetic pole of a conventional AVF cyclotron.
【図２】同じく中心部とヒル部及びバレー部のエッジ部
を示す断面図FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an edge portion of a center portion, a hill portion, and a valley portion.
【図３】前記従来形状における励磁電流と中心領域磁場
分布の相関の例を示す線図FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a correlation between an exciting current and a central region magnetic field distribution in the conventional shape.
【図４】比較例における、中心部磁極の下半分の形状を
示す斜視図FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the shape of the lower half of the central magnetic pole in a comparative example .
【図５】同じく中心部とヒル部及びバレー部のエッジ部
を示す断面図FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an edge portion of a center portion, a hill portion, and a valley portion.
【図６】本発明の第１実施形態における、中心部磁極の
下半分の形状を示す斜視図FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the shape of the lower half of the central magnetic pole according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】同じく中心部とヒル部及びバレー部のエッジ部
を示す断面図FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the center part, the hill part, and the edge part of the valley part.
【図８】本発明の第２実施形態における、中心部磁極の
下半分の形状を示す斜視図FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the shape of the lower half of the central magnetic pole according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
【図９】同じく中心部とヒル部及びバレー部のエッジ部
を示す断面図FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the center part, the hill part, and the edge part of the valley part.
【図１０】比較例における励磁電流と中心領域磁場分布
の相関の例を示す線図FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a correlation between an exciting current and a central region magnetic field distribution in a comparative example .
１０…バレー部 １２…ヒル部 １４…中心部 １２Ａ、１４Ａ…階段形状 １２Ｂ、１４Ｂ…斜面形状 10 ... Valley section 12 ... hill section 14 ... Center 12A, 14A ... Step shape 12B, 14B ... Slope shape
フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平５−74594（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−29728（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−115698（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−277200（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭53−120099（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭59−178900（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 特公 昭40−14080（ＪＰ，Ｂ１) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H05H 7/04 H05H 13/00 G21K 1/093 H01F 7/06 Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-5-74594 (JP, A) JP-A-7-29728 (JP, A) JP-A-9-115698 (JP, A) JP-A-61-277200 (JP , A) JP 53-120099 (JP, A) Actual development 59-178900 (JP, U) JP-B 40-14080 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB) Name) H05H 7/04 H05H 13/00 G21K 1/093 H01F 7/06
Claims (3)
布を形成するための磁場強度可変型電磁石であって、バレー部と、ヒル部と、中心部で構成される磁極を有
し、 高い磁場でも磁気が飽和しないよう、前記ヒル部の
先端及び前記中心部のバレー部側が階段形状又は斜面形
状とされていることを特徴とする磁場強度可変型電磁
石。1. A variable magnetic field strength electromagnet for forming a substantially constant magnetic field distribution regardless of changes in magnetic field strength, which has a magnetic pole composed of a valley portion, a hill portion, and a central portion.
And so that the magnetism does not saturate at high magnetic fields, of the hill portion
Field strength Valley portion side of the distal end and the central portion is characterized in that there is a stepped shape or a slope shape <br/> shaped variable electromagnet.
段形状又は斜面形状を付加したことを特徴とする請求項
１記載の磁場強度可変型電磁石。2. A floor is provided at an edge portion of a boundary with the central portion of the hill portion.
The variable magnetic field strength type electromagnet according to claim 1 , wherein a step shape or a slope shape is added .
磁石を用いたことを特徴とするエネルギ可変型加速器。3. An energy variable accelerator comprising the variable magnetic field intensity electromagnet according to claim 1 or 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000212440A JP3464196B2 (en) | 2000-07-13 | 2000-07-13 | Variable magnetic field strength electromagnet and variable energy accelerator using the same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000212440A JP3464196B2 (en) | 2000-07-13 | 2000-07-13 | Variable magnetic field strength electromagnet and variable energy accelerator using the same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002025796A JP2002025796A (en) | 2002-01-25 |
| JP3464196B2 true JP3464196B2 (en) | 2003-11-05 |
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ID=18708364
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107347227B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-06-29 | 合肥中科离子医学技术装备有限公司 | A kind of adjustable piston-type magnet arrangement in isochronous cyclotron center |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110012585B (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2021-09-14 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Accelerator and particle beam irradiation device |
| EP3244708B1 (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2018-09-05 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Peripheral hill sector design for cyclotron |
| EP3244707B1 (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2018-09-05 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Pole insert for cyclotron |
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2000
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107347227B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-06-29 | 合肥中科离子医学技术装备有限公司 | A kind of adjustable piston-type magnet arrangement in isochronous cyclotron center |
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|---|---|
| JP2002025796A (en) | 2002-01-25 |
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