JP3463170B1 - Solar heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a comfortable living environment at low cost by using solar heat to maintain a room in a comfortable temperature range for a long time after solar radiation during autumn, winter, and spring. SOLUTION: Solar heat is stored in a heat storage section 13 disposed under the floor, covered with a heat insulating layer 42, and having an opening 43 in the heat insulating layer 42, and a radiation control device 14 is opened with a heat insulating cover by a signal from a controller 84. The amount of heat released from the heat storage unit 13 is controlled by changing the area covering the unit 43. The controller 84 calculates a heating state which is caused by a change in the room temperature and changes with a hysteresis characteristic, changes the position of the heat insulating cover in the heating state, and controls the heat release amount. The warm air warmed by the heat storage body 41 rises through the opening 43 and the heat radiation control device 14 to warm the metal sheet adhered to the floorboard, thereby heating the house with high thermal efficiency.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar heating system that uses solar energy to heat a living room or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional heat transfer device that transfers heat using a liquid as a heat medium transfers the heat of a heat collecting portion that collects solar heat to a heat storage body that stores the heat, and the heat of the heat storage body causes a room There is a solar heating system for heating a room that heats the floor by the heat of the heat storage body (for example, see Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, and 5). In addition, air heated by the heat of the heat storage body is sent into the room to heat the room (for example, Patent Document 3,
See 4. ) Is also available.

A conventional solar heating system will be described below with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. 9 shows a conventional solar heating system that heats the floor by the heat of the heat storage body. The solar heat collected in the heat collection unit 200 is stored in the heat storage unit 205 of the heat storage unit 202 by the heat transfer unit 201. Heat transfer part 20
Reference numeral 1 includes a heat medium pipe 203, a heat medium filled in the heat medium pipe 203, and a circulation pump 204. The heat medium tube 203 is made of metal at the portion in contact with the heat collecting section 200 and the heat storage body 205. When the temperature of the heat collecting section 200 is higher than the temperature of the heat storage body 205, the circulation pump 204 is driven,
The heat medium is warmed in the heat collecting section 200, and the heat of the heat storage body 205 is warmed so that the solar heat is stored in the heat storage body 205.
The heat stored in the heat storage body 205 is used to heat the floor 208 by the circulation pump 207 and the heat medium pipe 206 to heat the room. The circulation pump 207 circulates the heat medium filled in the heat medium tube 206 when the room temperature is lower than the set temperature.
The heat medium pipe 206 is made of metal in the portion in contact with the floor 208 and the heat storage body 205, so that the heat medium is the heat storage body 20.
Heated at 5, warms floor 208, warms the room.

FIG. 10 shows a conventional solar heating system in which air is warmed by the heat of a heat storage body and sent into a room.
The solar heat collected at 0 is transferred to the heat storage unit 2 by the heat transfer unit 201.
The heat is stored in the heat storage body 205 of No. 02. The heat transfer unit 201 is composed of a heat medium pipe 203, a heat medium filled in the heat medium pipe 203, and a circulation pump 204. Heat medium tube 20
3 is made of metal in a portion in contact with the heat collecting unit 200 and the heat storage body 205. The temperature of the heat collecting unit 200 is the heat storage body 205.
When the temperature is higher than the temperature of 1, the circulation pump 204 is driven, the heat medium is warmed in the heat collecting section 200, and the heat of the heat storage body 205 is warmed so that the solar heat is stored in the heat storage body 205. Heat exchanger 2
10 is provided inside the heat storage unit 202, and the intake duct 21
Warm the air from 2. The air warmed by the heat exchanger 210 is sent to each room through the duct 211 by the blower 213. The blower 213 is driven when the room temperature is lower than the set temperature.

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-323917
02-130699) (Fig. 1)

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-323916
02-130700) (Fig. 1)

[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application No. 3-13919 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-32)
2319) (Fig. 4)

[Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application No. 8-29803 (JP-A-9-19
6474) (Fig. 1)

[Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-226995
03-35496) (Fig. 1)

[0005]

In the method of heating the floor with the solar heat stored in the heat storage body, the floor heating is expensive, and thus the solar heating system is expensive. In addition, floor heating requires the use of special panels, cannot use conventional floorboards, and has few choices for floor material.

The method of warming air by the solar heat stored in the heat storage body and sending the air to the room requires a duct for sending warm air to each room, which makes the structure of the house complicated and expensive. Further, since air is sent to the room, the air in the room moves, and the heat radiation from the window or the like is increased as compared with the case where the air is stationary, and the thermal efficiency of heating is lowered.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, is inexpensive, has a choice of floor materials, has a simple structure of the house, has good thermal efficiency, and can be used indoors for a long time after solar radiation during the fall, winter and spring. It aims to provide a solar heating system that keeps the temperature at a comfortable temperature.

[0008]

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, a heat transfer device for transferring heat using a liquid as a heat medium stores heat of a heat collecting portion for collecting solar heat. Communicate to the department. The heat storage part covered with a heat insulation layer is arranged under the floor, an opening is provided in a part of the heat insulation layer, and a heat dissipation control device for controlling the heat dissipation amount of the heat storage part is arranged above the opening part. . The controller controls the heat radiation amount of the heat storage section via the heat radiation control device in response to the input from the room temperature sensor, and keeps the room temperature near the set temperature. When the detected temperature of the indoor temperature sensor is lower than the set temperature, the controller increases the heat radiation amount of the heat storage unit via the heat radiation control device. On the other hand, when the detected temperature of the indoor temperature sensor is higher than the set temperature, the controller further reduces the heat radiation amount of the heat storage unit via the heat radiation control device. The heat storage unit is installed under the floor, and the warm air warmed by the heat storage body rises through the opening and the heat dissipation control device to warm the floor, and further warms the air in contact with the floor in the room. , The air warmed on the floor rises and warms the room. As a result, the temperature inside the room is maintained at a temperature close to the set temperature, and the temperature inside the room is maintained at the appropriate temperature by setting the set temperature to the appropriate temperature.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the metal sheet that is in close contact with the lower surface of the floor plate is laid over the opening, the warm air from the opening causes the metal sheet to pass through the opening. Warming, the metal sheet has a high thermal conductivity and thus transfers heat to the entire metal sheet. As a result, the opening is localized, and even if there are beams under the floor, the temperature of the entire floor of the house can be made substantially uniform. Further, the metal sheet transfers the heat of solar radiation from a locally entering window to the entire house through the floor, and suppresses a local temperature rise to provide a comfortable temperature environment. Further, by disposing the metal sheet only in the place to be heated, it is possible to perform heating with good thermal efficiency.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the heat dissipation control device can move the heat insulating cover above the opening, the cover control unit that moves the heat insulating cover, and the position of the heat insulating cover by digital signals. It is composed of a position detection unit that outputs the signal. The amount of heat released from the heat storage body is changed by moving the heat insulating cover above the opening. When the area where the heat insulating cover covers the opening is small, the heat radiation amount of the heat storage body is large, and when the area where the heat insulating cover covers the opening is large, the heat radiation amount of the heat storage body is small. The position detector outputs a specific digital signal when the heat insulating cover is in a specific position. The controller moves the heat insulating cover via the cover control unit and moves the heat insulating cover to a predetermined position by stopping the movement of the heat insulating cover via the cover control unit when a predetermined digital signal is received. can do. Accordingly, the controller can control the amount of heat released from the heat storage body by controlling the position of the heat insulating cover. Since the controller detects the position of the heat insulating cover by a digital signal, the controller can be easily manufactured at low cost.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the controller calculates the heating state in which the transition between the heating states occurs due to a change in the indoor temperature and the transition occurs with a hysteresis characteristic. The controller controls the heat radiation amount of the heat storage unit via the heat radiation control device depending on the heating state. Since the heating state is digital, the heat radiation amount of the heat storage unit can be digitally controlled as strong, medium, and weak, so that the controller can be easily manufactured at low cost. By providing the transition of the heating state with a hysteresis characteristic, the frequency of the transition is reduced and the frequency of movement of the heat insulating cover is reduced.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the controller has a calendar function for outputting the date, and the output of the calendar function provides a comfortable temperature in the room that changes depending on the month and day. By setting, the room temperature can be controlled so that the room will always have an appropriate temperature during heating.

According to the present invention of claim 6, the controller has a calendar function for outputting the date.
Since the average outside air temperature of a specific area does not change year by year, the maximum temperature of the heat storage body (the temperature of the heat storage body calculated from the amount of heat required for heating on a specific day) is set from the output of the calendar function. The controller drives the circulation pump until the temperature of the heat storage body reaches the maximum temperature, and then stops the circulation pump. As a result, the time for driving the circulation pump can be reduced and the power consumption can be reduced, and the failure of the circulation pump can be reduced.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of the solar heating system of the present invention.

The sunlight hits the roof plate 15 of the heat collecting portion 11, raises the temperature of the heat collecting portion 11, and the metal heat transfer medium pipe 31 and the heat collecting portion of the heat transfer device 12 electrically conducted to the heat collecting portion 11 are collected. Raise the temperature of the temperature sensor 81. In the controller 84, the temperature detected by the heat collecting part temperature sensor 81 is the heat storage body temperature sensor 83.
When the temperature becomes higher than the detected temperature, the circulation pump 35 is driven through the pump driver 36 to circulate the liquid heat medium filled in the connected heat medium tubes 31, 32, 33 and 34. When the heat medium passes through the metal heat medium pipe 31, it exchanges heat with the heat collecting portion 11 to absorb heat, the temperature rises, and the heat medium pipe 32 passes through the metal heat medium pipe 33 to form the heat storage body 41. It exchanges heat and releases heat. As a result, the heat collecting unit 1
The solar heat absorbed in 1 is transferred to and stored in the heat storage body 41. The pump driver 36 outputs a signal for driving the circulation pump 35 from the signal of the controller 84.

When the temperature detected by the heat collecting section temperature sensor 81 is lower than the temperature detected by the heat storage body temperature sensor 83, the circulation pump 35 is in a stopped state, the heat medium is in a stationary state, and the heat medium pipe is Since 32 and 34 are made of a heat insulating material and the heat medium tubes 32 and 34 are lowered near the heat storage section 13, the heat transfer device 12 releases heat from the heat storage body 41 very little.

The heat storage section 13 arranged on the basic concrete 17 is composed of a heat storage body 41 and a heat insulation layer 42, and the heat storage body 41 is covered with a heat insulation layer 42 except for the openings 43 and 44. Inside the heat storage unit 13, a heat medium pipe 33 for heat exchange and a heat storage body temperature sensor 83 for detecting the temperature of the heat storage body 41 are arranged. Heat dissipation control device 1
4 is arranged on the opening 43 and controls the amount of heat radiated from the heat storage body 41. The warm air heated by the heat storage body 41 and passing through the heat dissipation control device 14 rises to warm the floor 16, further warms the air in contact with the floor 16 in the room, and the warmed air rises to warm the room. Heat storage body 4
Since the heat of No. 1 heats the room through the floor 16, it is necessary to reduce the heat resistance of the floor 16. If the heat resistance of the floor 16 is excessive, the room cannot be heated to an appropriate temperature. Since the floor board used conventionally has a small thermal resistance, it can be used as a material for the floor 16.

FIG. 2 shows one embodiment of the heat dissipation control device 14. The heat dissipation control device 14 is a heat insulating cover 5.
1 and control box 53 and shaft 52,
The fixed control box 53 has a heat insulating cover 51.
Can be moved to cover some or all of the openings 43 and 44. When the amount of heat radiated from the heat storage body 41 is greatly changed, by making the shapes of the openings 43 and 44 triangular, the movement amount of the heat insulating cover 51 can be reduced as compared with the case where the shape is rectangular.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the control box 53 which allows the heat insulating cover 51 to be moved to four different positions. The cover control unit refers to a portion of the control box 53 excluding the position detection unit 71. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the position detector 71, and is a cross-sectional view when the small hole 64 comes directly under the position sensor 72. Motor 5
The rotation of 7 is performed by the gear 59 and the shaft 5 attached to the shaft of the motor 57.
The gear 52 attached to the 2 moves the shaft 52 in the horizontal direction. The shaft 52 has small holes 61, 62, 63 and 64 and large holes 65, 66, 67 and 68.
The center of each of the small holes 63 and the large holes 67 is parallel to the position detecting unit 71, and the center of each of the small holes 64 and the large holes 66 and 68 is parallel to the position detecting unit 71.
The position detector 71 is composed of a fixed plate 70, position sensors 72, 73 and 74 attached to the fixed plate 70, and a light source 75. The position sensors 72, 73 and 74 are composed of photodiodes, receive light from the light source 75 when the hole is directly below, and output a digital value 1. Position sensor 7
2 detects the small holes 61, 62, 63 and 64, the position sensor 73 detects the large holes 65 and 66, and the position sensor 74 detects the large holes 67 and 68. The outputs of position sensors 72, 73 and 74 are transmitted to controller 84 via cable 56 and connector 54. The controller 84 is the position sensor 7
The position of the heat insulating cover 51 is detected by the digital value of the outputs of the position sensors 73 and 74 when the output of 2 is the digital value 1. The motor controller 60 receives the digital signal from the controller 84 via the connector 54 and the cable 55 and converts it into a signal for driving the motor 57. The digital signal from the controller 84 includes the direction of rotation, drive and stop, allowing the shaft 52 to move in both left and right directions. As a result, the controller 84 drives the motor 57, stops the motor 57 when the digital value of the output from the position detection unit 71 reaches the set value, and moves the heat insulating cover 51 to the set position. The positions of the heat insulating cover 51 when the small holes 64, 63, 62 and 61 are below the position sensor 72 are respectively radiated by OF.
The positions are F, heat radiation L, heat radiation M, and heat radiation H. FIG. 4 shows the position where the heat radiation is OFF, and the position sensors 72, 73 and 74 all output the digital signal 1. The stopper 76 is installed so that the small hole 61 does not move to the left of the position sensor 72, and the stopper 77 is installed so that the small hole 64 does not move to the right of the position sensor 72.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a state transition diagram of the heating state when there are four heating states. Setting temperature T1 and T2
And T3, T4, T5 and T6 are preset temperatures, T2 is higher than T1, T4 is higher than T3 and T6 is higher than T5. The initial heating state is heating OFF, and transitions to the heating L state when the room temperature becomes lower than the set temperature T1. In the state of the heating L, when the room temperature becomes lower than the set temperature T3, the state transitions to the heating M, and when the room temperature becomes higher than the set temperature T2, the state transitions to the heating OFF. In the state of the heating M, when the room temperature becomes lower than the set temperature T5, the state transitions to the heating H, and when the room temperature becomes higher than the set temperature T4, the state transitions to the heating L.
In the state of the heating H, when the room temperature becomes higher than the set temperature T6, the state transitions to the state of the heating M.

FIG. 6 illustrates one embodiment of a flow chart for controller 84. After the power is turned on, the controller 84 sets the heating state to the heating OFF and moves the heat insulating cover 51 to the heat radiation OFF position. Next, the indoor temperature T is calculated by the input of the indoor temperature sensor 82, and if the indoor temperature T is lower than the set temperature T1, the heating state is set to the heating L, and if not, the process returns to the loop for calculating the indoor temperature T. . When the heating state is set to the heating L, the controller 84 moves the heat insulating cover 51 to the position of the heat radiation L. Next, the room temperature T is calculated, and if the room temperature T is lower than the set temperature T3, the heating state is set to the heating M, and if the room temperature T is higher than the set temperature T2, the heating state is set to the heating OFF. If it is neither, the room temperature T
It returns to the loop which calculates. When the heating state is set to the heating M, the controller 84 moves the heat insulating cover 51 to the position of the heat radiation M. Next, calculate the room temperature T,
When the indoor temperature T is lower than the set temperature T5, the heating state is set to the heating H, when the indoor temperature T is higher than the set temperature T4, the heating state is set to the heating L, and when neither is the indoor temperature T. It returns to the loop which calculates. When the heating state is set to the heating H, the controller 84 moves the heat insulating cover 51 to the position of the heat radiation H. Next, the room temperature T is calculated. If the room temperature T is higher than the set temperature T6, the heating state is set to the heating M, and if not, the process returns to the loop for calculating the room temperature T. Controller 84
Converts the input from the indoor temperature sensor 82 to calculate the indoor temperature.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a comfortable temperature range in the room. The comfortable temperature inside the room changes depending on the season, as the outside temperature changes and the clothes worn by people change. According to FIG. 7, the lower limit of the comfortable temperature in winter is 18 degrees. Setting temperature T1, T2, T3, T in case of having a hysteresis characteristic of 0.2 degree
An example of the set values of 4, T5, T6 is T1 = 19.0 degrees, T
2 = 19.2 degrees, T3 = 18.6 degrees, T4 = 18.8 degrees
, T5 = 18.2 degrees and T6 = 18.4 degrees.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the maximum temperature of the heat storage body 41. Virtually unlimited during the winter to store as much solar heat as possible. The temperature is set to about 30 degrees in spring and autumn, and heat is not stored in summer. As a result, the time for driving the circulation pump 35 can be reduced and the power consumption can be reduced, and the failure of the circulation pump 35 can be reduced.

A heat storage body 41 having a large heat capacity is required for heating the solar heat for a long time by collecting and storing the heat. The heat storage body 41 can be made of concrete, sensible heat material such as water or antifreeze, or a combination of sensible heat materials. In the case where the heat storage material 41 is constructed of a sensible heat material, the volume becomes large when the large-capacity heat storage body 41 is constructed, which may make it difficult to install under the floor. Also,
Since the heat storage body 41 is covered with the heat insulation layer 42, the weight of the heat storage body 41 may not be held by the heat insulation layer 42. By using a latent heat material having an extremely large heat capacity for a part or all of the heat storage body 41, the volume and weight of the heat storage body 41 having a large capacity can be reduced, the heat storage body 41 can be easily installed under the floor, and the load of the heat insulation layer 42 can be reduced. The choice of materials for the heat insulating layer 42 can be expanded.

The heat is transferred by using the liquid as a heat medium,
Since the heat of 1 heats the floor 16, the temperature of the heat storage body 41 is relatively low (about 35 degrees), so that the room temperature can be maintained at an appropriate temperature. Therefore, the temperature of the heat collecting unit 11 may be relatively low, and sufficient heat can be stored without using a special solar heat collector.
The roof plate 15 can be made of a conventionally used metal material.
The roof plate 15 is in contact with the heat medium pipe 31 directly or via a metal. As a result, the entire roof facing south can be used as a heat collecting part, and a large amount of solar heat can be collected at low cost.

[0026]

As described above, the solar heating system of the present invention can be constructed at low cost, can be operated at low cost, can use conventional floorboards, etc., has good thermal efficiency and can maintain a comfortable temperature in the room for a long time. And there is no solar collector or heating equipment outdoors,
The living space can be used effectively and the appearance of the house is not spoiled.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a solar heating system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an embodiment of a heat dissipation control device used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an embodiment of a control box used in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a position detecting section used in the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a state transition diagram of a heating state used in the present invention.

FIG. 6 illustrates one embodiment of a flow chart for a controller used in the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of an appropriate temperature range for a room used in the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the maximum temperature of the heat storage body used in the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional floor heating solar heating system.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional solar heating system for sending warm air to a room.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 Heat collecting part 12 heat transfer device 13 Heat storage part 14 Heat dissipation control device 15 roof plate 16, 20 floors 17 Foundation concrete 18 and 19 walls 21 Ceiling insulation 31, 32, 33, 34 Heat medium tubes 35 Circulation pump 36 pump driver 41 heat storage 42 Thermal insulation layer 43,44 opening 51 heat insulation cover 52 axis 53 control box 54 connector 55, 56 cable 57 motor 58, 59 gears 60 motor controller 61, 62, 63, 64 Small hole 65, 66, 67, 68 Large holes 70 Fixed plate 71 Position detector 72, 73, 74 Position sensor 75 light source 76, 77 stopper 81 Heat collecting part temperature sensor 82 Indoor temperature sensor 83 Thermal storage temperature sensor 84 controller 200 Heat collecting part 201 heat transfer part 202 heat storage part 203, 206 Heat medium tube 204, 207 Circulation pump 205 heat storage 208 floor 210 heat exchanger 211 duct 212 Air intake duct 213 blower T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 Set temperature

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A heat transfer device that transfers heat using a liquid as a heat medium transfers the heat of a heat collecting part that collects solar heat to a heat storing part that stores the heat, and heats the interior of the room by the heat of the heat storing part. In a solar heating system, the heat storage unit covered with an insulating layer having an opening is arranged under the floor, a heat dissipation control device for controlling the amount of heat released by the heat storage unit is arranged above the opening, and a controller is used for indoor temperature. A solar heating system characterized by controlling the heat radiation amount of the heat storage unit via the heat radiation control device by input from a sensor 2. The solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein the metal sheet is in close contact with the lower surface of the floor plate and is laid over the opening. 3. The heat dissipation control device comprises a heat insulating cover movable over the opening, a cover control unit for moving the heat insulating cover, and a position detecting unit for outputting the position of the heat insulating cover as a digital signal. The solar heating system according to claim 1, 4. The controller calculates a heating state transitioning with a hysteresis characteristic due to a change in room temperature, and controls the heat radiation amount of the heat storage section via the heat radiation control device according to the heating state. Solar heating system described 5. The solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein the controller has a calendar function for outputting a date, and the preset temperature in the room is set by the output of the calendar function. 6. The solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein the controller has a calendar function for outputting a date, and the maximum temperature of the heat storage body of the heat storage section is set by the output of the calendar function.