JP3461857B2 - High-temperature regenerator integrated with high-temperature regenerator Low-temperature regenerator using exhaust gas - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention uses an exhaust gas of a high temperature regenerator to heat a low temperature regenerator in separate and independent parts, and has an integrated structure with a high temperature regenerator excellent in exhaust heat recovery with a simple structure. It relates to a low temperature regenerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an absorption chiller-heater using, for example, lithium bromide as an absorbent and water as a refrigerant is generally known. The conventional absorption chiller-heater has, for example, a configuration as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 1 denotes an upper low temperature cylinder, which is composed of a low temperature regenerator 2 and a condenser 3, and a refrigerant reservoir 4 is provided in the lower portion of the condenser 3. Reference numeral 5 denotes a lower cold cylinder, which is composed of an evaporator 6 and an absorber 7. 8 is a high temperature regenerator, which is a combustion chamber 9, a heat recovery device 10, a gas-liquid separator 1.
1, an exhaust stack 12 and a combustion device 13. In addition, the low temperature heat exchanger 14, the high temperature heat exchanger 15 and the like are constituent devices. The dilute liquid in the lower liquid pool 16 in the absorber 7 is
Pipes 18, 19 by the low-temperature pump 17, low-temperature heat exchanger 1
4, sent to the low temperature regenerator 2 via the pipe 20. This dilute liquid is heated by the high temperature refrigerant vapor flowing from the pipe 21 and concentrated to an intermediate concentration.

The liquid having this intermediate concentration is divided into two. One of the two halves of the liquid is supplied by the high temperature pump 22 to the pipe lines 23, 24,
It is sent to the high temperature regenerator 8 via the high temperature heat exchanger 15 and the pipe 25. The intermediate concentration liquid is heated by the combustion device 13, rises in the heat recovery device 10, enters the gas-liquid separator 11, and is separated into a refrigerant vapor and a concentrated liquid. This concentrated liquid is a high temperature regenerator 8
Due to the pressure difference between the internal pressure of approximately 650 mmHg and the internal pressure of the lower low temperature cylinder 5 of approximately 6 mmHg, the concentrated liquid pipe line 26 and the high temperature heat exchanger 1
5. After passing through the pipe line 27, it is mixed with the intermediate liquid (the other of the two divided liquids) from the pipe line 28 which has been previously branched, and becomes a mixed concentrated liquid and enters the low temperature heat exchanger 14, and the pipe line 29 is passed. The passing spraying device 30 sprays the heat transfer tubes of the absorber 7 to form the liquid pool 1
The circulation returning to 6 is made.

On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor separated in the gas-liquid separator 11 enters the low temperature regenerator 2 via the pipe 21, heats the liquid to condense and liquefy, and then enters the condenser 3 from the pipe 46. Further, in the low temperature regenerator 2, the refrigerant vapor generated when the dilute liquid is concentrated to the intermediate concentration liquid enters the condenser 3 from the upper space and is condensed to become the refrigerant liquid. These condensed refrigerant waters are
It enters the evaporator 6 via the pipe 31 and is accumulated in the lower pool 32. This refrigerant water is supplied to the pipelines 34 and 3 by the refrigerant pump 33.
After 5, the spraying device 36 sprays the heat on the heat transfer tubes of the evaporator 6.

Cold water to be used for cooling enters the evaporator 6 from the pipe 37, is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the dropping refrigerant, and flows out from the pipe 38. The cooling water is supplied to the pipes 39, 40,
After passing through 41, it flows out and the absorption heat in the absorber 7 and the condensation heat in the condenser 3 are taken away and taken out of the system. Further, by opening the cooling / heating switching valve 60 and stopping the cooling water supplied to the pipe 39, hot water can be obtained from the pipe 38.

[0006] For example, in an absorption refrigerator or an absorption chiller-heater using an aqueous solution of lithium bromide (LiBr), when an intermediate concentration of the absorption liquid is heated to evaporate water to concentrate it,
The absorption liquid was introduced around the combustion chamber and raised, while being heated and concentrated by the combustion exhaust gas. Conventional low temperature regenerator
In order to concentrate the refrigerant vapor generated when the intermediate-concentration solution is concentrated in the high temperature regenerator, heat is exchanged with the diluted solution discharged from the absorber to recover latent heat.

[0007]

In the conventional absorption chiller-heater as shown in FIG. 6, the diluted solution (diluted liquid) flowing out from the absorber 7 is heat-exchanged with the refrigerant steam from the high temperature regenerator 8, The dilute liquid was concentrated mainly by the latent heat of the refrigerant vapor to recover the heat quantity. On the other hand, the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust stack 12 of the high temperature regenerator 8 has a high temperature and causes white smoke. In addition, the atmospheric temperature rises, which is not preferable in terms of environmental measures. Further, in the case of heating and concentrating the intermediate concentration of the absorption liquid by the combustion exhaust gas, there are problems that the thermal efficiency is not so good and the thickness of the refractory heat-resistant material becomes large. Furthermore, the conventional low-temperature regenerator, which aims to recover latent heat by exchanging heat with the diluted solution discharged from the absorber, cannot recover exhaust heat sufficiently.

From the above points, in order to lower the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas discharged to the atmosphere and improve the coefficient of performance of the refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature regenerator and the combustion exhaust gas used in the high temperature regenerator are improved. In both cases, the inventor of the present invention has already developed and applied for a device for concentrating the diluted solution from the absorber flowing into the low temperature regenerator (Japanese Patent Application No. 4-359883). The present invention has been made in view of the above points, in parallel with the conventional low temperature regenerator, or alone, using the exhaust gas of the high temperature regenerator, as a device for concentrating the diluted solution flowing out of the absorber, high temperature regeneration To provide a low temperature regenerator using high temperature regenerator exhaust gas that is integrated with a high temperature regenerator that has a simple structure and that uses combustion exhaust gas discharged from the regenerator as a heating source for the low temperature regenerator and has excellent exhaust heat recovery. The purpose is.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, a high temperature regenerator integrated with a high temperature regenerator according to the present invention, a low temperature regenerator using exhaust gas, has an upper portion as shown in FIGS. Has a refrigerant vapor outlet 70 in the lower part, a liquid inlet 72 for introducing the intermediate concentration liquid or the diluted solution in the lower part, and a concentrated liquid outlet 74 in the upper part. 78 is provided, and a large number of liquid rising pipes are arranged in the vertical direction and in two rows of concentric circles around the combustion chamber 78, and between the inner row pipe 82 and the outer row pipe 84 and the outer row pipe. A large number of fins 86 are provided in a substantially horizontal direction in multiple stages between the high temperature regenerator casing wall 84 and the high temperature regenerator casing wall, and the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 78 is passed through the gas passage 88 between the inner row pipe 82 and the outer row pipe 84. , And the gas passage 90 between the outer row pipe 84 and the high temperature regenerator casing wall. The high-temperature regenerator casings 76
A low temperature regenerator casing 110 is provided so as to communicate with the gas passages 88 and 90. The low temperature regenerator casing 110 includes a dilute solution inlet 112, an intermediate concentration liquid outlet 114,
It has a refrigerant vapor outlet 116 and an exhaust gas outlet 118, and has a large number of fins 12 inside the low temperature regenerator casing 110.
It is characterized in that the diluted solution heating pipe 122 having 0 in a multi-stage in a substantially horizontal direction is provided in the vertical direction. In this case, it is preferable that the inside of the high temperature regenerator casing 76 has a double structure to form the vertical drum 80.

In the above invention, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the inner row pipe 82, the outer row pipe 84 and the diluted solution heating pipe 12 are provided.
It is preferable that the cross section of 2 has a substantially elliptical shape with a low gas flow resistance, or a substantially streamline shape composed of a substantially oval shape formed by a curved surface having a plurality of curvatures. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the inner row pipe 82, the outer row pipe 84, and the diluted solution heating pipe 122.
Preferably, the inner surface of is formed into a corrugated surface 92. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, it is desirable that the outer row pipes 84 are arranged such that the mounting angle is changed little by little so that the outer row pipes 84 have a constant angle of attack with respect to the gas flow. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, it is desirable that the dilute solution heating pipes 122 are arranged such that the mounting angle is changed little by little so that the dilute solution heating pipe 122 has a constant angle of attack with respect to the gas flow.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. However, the shapes of the constituent members described in this embodiment, their relative arrangements, and the like are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to them only unless otherwise specified, and are merely illustrative examples. Nothing more. Example 1 FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an example of a low temperature regenerator using exhaust gas of a high temperature regenerator integrated with the high temperature regenerator of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, in the high temperature regenerator of this embodiment, a combustion chamber 78 is provided in the vertical center of a high temperature regenerator casing 76, and a large number of liquid rising pipes are provided in the vertical direction around the combustion chamber 78.
In addition, the fins 86 are arranged in two rows of concentric circles, and a large number of fins 86 are arranged substantially horizontally between the inner row pipe 82 and the outer row pipe 84 and between the outer row pipe 84 and the high temperature regenerator casing wall. It is provided in multiple stages. 70 is a refrigerant vapor outlet, 72 is a liquid inlet for introducing an intermediate concentration liquid or a diluted solution, and 74 is a concentrated liquid outlet. The combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 78 is introduced into a gas passage 88 between the inner row pipe 82 and the outer row pipe 84 and a gas passage 90 between the outer row pipe 84 and the high temperature regenerator casing wall.

When the inside of the high temperature regenerator casing 76 has a double structure to form the vertical drum 80, a large number of fins 86 are provided between the outer row pipes 84 and the vertical drum 80. The gas passage 90 includes an outer row pipe 84 and a vertical drum 80.
It will be provided between and. As shown in FIG. 1, the low temperature regenerator according to the present embodiment is a low temperature regenerator casing 1.
10 is provided adjacent to the high temperature regenerator casing 76 so as to communicate with the gas passages 88 and 90, and in the low temperature regenerator casing 110, a dilute solution having a large number of fins 120 in multiple stages in a substantially horizontal direction. The heating pipe 122 is provided in the vertical direction. 112 is a diluted solution inlet, 114 is an intermediate concentration liquid outlet, 116 is a refrigerant vapor outlet, and 118 is an exhaust gas outlet.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
First, in the low temperature regenerator, the diluted solution flows in from the diluted solution inlet 112 and is heated by the exhaust gas from the high temperature regenerator in the diluted solution heating pipe 122 to generate steam, and the solution heated to a high temperature is an intermediate concentration liquid. It flows out from the outlet 114.
On the other hand, in the high temperature regenerator, the intermediate concentration liquid or the diluted solution flows into the lower header (header) 73 from the liquid inlet 72 and is heated by the liquid rising pipe including the inner row pipe 82 and the outer row pipe 84. The concentrated solution that generates steam and is heated to a high temperature is collected in the upper header (header) 71 and flows out from the concentrated liquid outlet 74. 83 is a steam separator, and 75 is a burner.

As shown in FIG. 2, the inner row pipes 82 are closely connected to each other, but an opening 96 is provided at one place, and combustion gas is discharged from the opening 96 to the inner row pipes 82. After flowing into the gas passage 88 between the outer row pipe 84 and the gas passage 90 between the outer row pipe 84 and the vertical drum 80 to heat the horizontal fins 86 and the pipes 82, 84, the combustion exhaust gas outlet 9
8 sent to low temperature regenerator. Most of the heated concentrated solution flows out from the concentrated liquid outlet 74, and a part of the concentrated solution descends in the vertical drum 80 while heating the horizontal fins 86 and the outer row pipes 84. The exhaust gas introduced into the low temperature regenerator is
After heating the large number of fins 120 and the diluted solution heating pipes 122, they are discharged from the exhaust gas outlet 118. The heated intermediate-concentration solution flows out from the intermediate-concentration liquid outlet 114.

Embodiment 2 In the case shown in FIG. 2, in the high temperature regenerator of the present invention, the inner row pipe 82 and the outer row pipe 84 are formed in a substantially oval shape or a substantially oval shape formed by a curved surface having a plurality of curvatures. Since the combustion gas flows at a high speed, the resistance is small, and the motor output of an air pushing fan (not shown) connected to the wind box 100 (see FIG. 1) is small, and
There is an advantage that the high temperature regenerator can be made smaller. Similarly, in the low temperature regenerator of the present invention, the diluted solution heating pipe 122 has a substantially elliptical shape or a substantially streamline shape of a substantially oval shape formed by a curved surface having a plurality of curvatures, so that the combustion gas flows at a high speed. In this case, there is an advantage that the resistance is small and the low temperature regenerator can be made smaller.

It should be noted that although a substantially ellipsoidal cross section is shown as an example of the pipe and the long axis and the gas flow are arranged so as to be substantially parallel to each other, other shapes, for example, the cross section has a plurality of curvatures. It may be a substantially streamlined one formed of a substantially oval shape having a curved surface. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer row pipes 84 may be arranged on the circumference without a gap. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the outer row pipes 84 may be arranged on the circumference at intervals. In this case, there is an advantage that the combustion exhaust gas can freely pass through the inside and outside of the outer row pipe 84, and the heat transfer can be more sufficiently performed. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first embodiment.

Embodiment 3 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the inner surfaces of the inner row pipe 82, the outer row pipe 84 and the diluted solution heating pipe 122 are formed on the corrugated surface 92. In this case, as the inner surface area increases,
Since the liquid is thinly and uniformly spread by the surface tension of the liquid, heat transfer can be performed very efficiently. As the corrugated surface 92, a surface having a constant radius of curvature (constan
t curve surface (CCS). If CCS is used, the above-mentioned effect is further exhibited. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first embodiment.

Embodiment 4 As shown in FIG. 2, in the high temperature regenerator of this embodiment, the outer row pipe 84 is attached so that the outer row pipe 84 has an appropriate constant angle of attack with respect to the gas flow. Arranged with the corners changed little by little, the gas is configured to flow between adjacent outer row tubes 84. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first embodiment.

Embodiment 5 As shown in FIG. 3, in the low temperature regenerator of this embodiment, the dilute solution heating pipe 122 has a certain angle of attack appropriate for the gas flow. Are arranged so that the mounting angles thereof are changed little by little, and the gas is configured to flow between the adjacent dilute solution heating pipes 122. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first embodiment.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. (1) Since the low temperature regenerator is heated by the exhaust gas of the high temperature regenerator, which has not been conventionally used, is heated in a separate independent part, a device having a simple structure and excellent exhaust heat recovery can be realized. Further, the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas discharged to the atmosphere can be lowered and the coefficient of performance of the cycle can be improved. (2) When the vertical liquid drop drum is provided around the outer periphery of the high temperature regenerator, the thermal efficiency is improved and the thickness of the refractory heat resistant material is reduced to reduce the size of the high temperature regenerator. You can (3) When the inner row pipes and the outer row pipes have a substantially elliptical shape or a substantially streamline shape consisting of a substantially oval shape formed by a curved surface having a plurality of curvatures, there is little resistance when the combustion gas flows at a high speed. The output of the electric motor for the air intake fan is reduced,
It is possible to further reduce the size of the high temperature regenerator. (4) When the diluted solution heating tube has a substantially elliptical shape or a substantially streamline shape composed of a substantially oval shape formed by a curved surface having a plurality of curvatures, the combustion gas has a low resistance when flowing at a high speed, It is possible to further reduce the size of the low temperature regenerator. (5) When the inner surfaces of the inner row pipes and the outer row pipes are formed in a corrugated surface, the surface area increases and the surface tension of the liquid stretches the liquid thinly and evenly on the inner surface of the pipes, which greatly improves heat transfer. Further, the high temperature regenerator can be further downsized. (6) When the inner surface of the dilute solution heating tube is formed as a corrugated surface, the surface area increases and the surface tension of the liquid stretches the liquid thinly and evenly on the inner surface of the pipe, which greatly improves heat transfer. It is possible to further reduce the size of the low temperature regenerator. (7) When the outer row pipes are arranged so as to have a constant angle of attack with respect to the gas flow, the gas flow becomes smooth, and heat exchange can be performed more efficiently. (8) When the diluted solution heating pipes are arranged so as to have a constant angle of attack with respect to the gas flow, the gas flow becomes smooth, and heat exchange can be performed more efficiently.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing an embodiment of a low temperature regenerator using exhaust gas of a high temperature regenerator integrated with a high temperature regenerator of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an enlarged cross section taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of a cross section taken along line II-II of the low temperature regenerator in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan cross-sectional view showing another example of the arrangement structure of tubes in the high temperature regenerator of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan sectional view showing still another example of an array structure of tubes in the high temperature regenerator of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow of a conventional absorption chiller-heater.

[Explanation of symbols]

70 Refrigerant vapor outlet 72 Liquid inlet 74 Concentrated liquid outlet 76 High temperature regenerator casing 78 Combustion chamber 80 Vertical drum 82 inner row pipe 84 Outer row pipe 86 fins 88 gas passage 90 gas passage 92 Corrugated surface 110 low temperature regenerator casing 112 Diluted solution inlet 114 Intermediate concentration liquid outlet 116 Refrigerant vapor outlet 118 Exhaust gas outlet 120 fins 122 Diluted solution heating tube

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A liquid inlet (72) having a refrigerant vapor outlet (70) in an upper part and introducing an intermediate concentration liquid or a dilute solution in a lower part.
And a combustion chamber (78) in the vertical center in a high temperature regenerator casing (76) having a concentrated liquid outlet (74) on the upper side.
Around the combustion chamber (78), a large number of liquid riser pipes are arranged vertically and in two concentric circles, and between the inner row pipe (82) and the outer row pipe (84). , And a large number of fins (86) between the outer row pipe (84) and the high temperature regenerator casing wall in a substantially horizontal direction in multiple stages, and the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber (78) is transferred to the inner row pipe (82). )
To the gas passage (88) between the outer row pipe (84) and the gas passage (90) between the outer row pipe (84) and the high temperature regenerator casing wall. A low temperature regenerator casing (110) is provided so as to communicate with the gas passages (88) and (90) adjacent to the low temperature regenerator casing (110).
2), intermediate concentration liquid outlet (114), refrigerant vapor outlet (11)
6) and an exhaust gas outlet (118), and a large number of fins (1) in the low temperature regenerator casing (110).
20) is a dilute solution heating pipe (1) having a plurality of stages in a substantially horizontal direction.
22) is provided in the vertical direction, and is a high temperature regenerator integrated with a high temperature regenerator. 2. The high temperature regenerator exhaust gas integrated with the high temperature regenerator according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the high temperature regenerator casing (76) has a double structure to form a vertical drum (80). Use low temperature regenerator. 3. The cross sections of the inner row pipe (82), the outer row pipe (84) and the diluted solution heating pipe (122) are formed into a substantially elliptical shape having a low gas flow resistance or a curved surface having a plurality of curvatures. 3. A high temperature regenerator integrated with a high temperature regenerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the low temperature regenerator uses exhaust gas. 4. The inner surface of the inner row pipe (82), the outer row pipe (84) and the diluted solution heating pipe (122) is formed into a corrugated surface (92). High-temperature regenerator integrated with the high-temperature regenerator described in 3. A low-temperature regenerator that uses exhaust gas. 5. The outer row pipes (84) are arranged with their mounting angles changed little by little so as to have a constant angle of attack with respect to the gas flow. Or a high temperature regenerator integrated with the high temperature regenerator described in 4, which is a low temperature regenerator using exhaust gas. 6. The diluting solution heating pipes (122) are arranged with their mounting angles changed little by little so that they have a constant angle of attack with respect to the gas flow.
High temperature regenerator integrated with the high temperature regenerator described in 3, 4 or 5 Low temperature regenerator using exhaust gas.