JP3459370B2 - Wet developer concentration control device - Google Patents
Wet developer concentration control deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3459370B2 JP3459370B2 JP04995999A JP4995999A JP3459370B2 JP 3459370 B2 JP3459370 B2 JP 3459370B2 JP 04995999 A JP04995999 A JP 04995999A JP 4995999 A JP4995999 A JP 4995999A JP 3459370 B2 JP3459370 B2 JP 3459370B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piezoelectric element
- toner
- voltage
- developing solution
- developer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- Wet Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、湿式現像における
現像液濃度制御装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a developer concentration controller for wet development.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】静電潜像を担持している感光体ドラム上
に現像液を供給して静電潜像を顕像化する湿式現像方式
において、例えばＣｄＳカプラとランプとを組み合わせ
てなる光学センサーあるいは現像液内に対向させた電極
間へ超低周波数の正弦波を印加し現像液の導電率を測定
する装置などで、現像液のトナー濃度を検出し現像液へ
トナーを補給することで、トナー濃度を一定に保ちなが
ら静電潜像を現像しているものがある。2. Description of the Related Art In a wet development system in which a developing solution is supplied onto a photosensitive drum carrying an electrostatic latent image to visualize the electrostatic latent image, for example, an optical system including a combination of a CdS coupler and a lamp. A sensor or a device that measures the conductivity of the developer by applying an ultra-low frequency sine wave between the opposing electrodes in the developer, and detects the toner concentration of the developer and replenishes the developer with toner. In some cases, the electrostatic latent image is developed while keeping the toner density constant.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、従来の
光学センサー方式では、光の透過経路であるギャップが
狭いため、異物および泡が混入し易く、トナー供給過多
や不良といった誤動作が生じ易い。その結果、信頼性に
欠如している。However, in the conventional optical sensor system, since the gap which is the light transmission path is narrow, foreign matters and bubbles are liable to be mixed in, and malfunctions such as excessive toner supply and defects are likely to occur. As a result, it lacks reliability.
【０００４】また、一対の電極を現像液中に配置し超低
周波数の正弦波を印加し導電率を測定する方式では、電
極に超低周波数の正弦波を印加しているので、導電率
（抵抗）以外に電荷移動および物質移動に伴う情報も検
出してしまい、正確な現像液の導電率を測定することは
できない。そこで本発明は、液体現像剤を用いる湿式現
像方式において、実際に液体現像剤中に存在しているト
ナー濃度を直接検出することにより、より正確なトナー
濃度制御を行う方法を提供することを目的としている。Further, in the method of arranging a pair of electrodes in a developing solution and applying a sine wave having an extremely low frequency to measure the conductivity, since the sine wave having an extremely low frequency is applied to the electrodes, the conductivity ( In addition to (resistance), information associated with charge transfer and mass transfer is also detected, and accurate conductivity of the developer cannot be measured. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for performing more accurate toner concentration control by directly detecting the toner concentration actually present in the liquid developer in a wet development method using a liquid developer. I am trying.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記課題を解決
するための手段として、潜像担持体上に形成した静電潜
像を現像する現像液のトナー濃度を制御する湿式現像液
濃度制御装置において、前記現像液中に設置され、トナ
ーの付着量に応じて振動周波数が変化する圧電素子と、
前記圧電素子と前記現像液を介在して対向するよう設け
られ、前記圧電素子との間に電界を形成する対向電極
と、前記圧電素子を発振させる発振回路と、前記圧電素
子と前記対向電極との間に前記圧電素子に前記トナーを
電着させる第１の電圧を印可し、あるいは前記圧電素子
に電着した前記トナーを前記圧電素子からリリースさせ
る前記第１の電圧と極性の異なる第２の電圧を印加する
電圧印加回路と、前記圧電素子の前記振動周波数の変化
を検知する周波数変化検知回路と、を設けるものであ
る。 The present invention solves the above problems.
As a means for achieving this, an electrostatic latent image formed on the latent image carrier is
Wet developer that controls the toner concentration of the developer that develops the image
In the concentration control device, the toner is installed in the developer and
A piezoelectric element whose vibration frequency changes according to the amount of adhesive attached,
Provided so as to face the piezoelectric element with the developer interposed therebetween.
Counter electrode that forms an electric field between the piezoelectric element and the piezoelectric element
An oscillation circuit for oscillating the piezoelectric element, and the piezoelectric element.
The toner to the piezoelectric element between the child and the counter electrode.
Applying a first voltage to be electrodeposited, or the piezoelectric element
To release the toner that has been electrodeposited from the piezoelectric element
A second voltage having a polarity different from that of the first voltage
Voltage application circuit and change of the vibration frequency of the piezoelectric element
And a frequency change detection circuit for detecting
It
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明を図１を用いて説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
【０００７】本発明の湿式現像液濃度制御装置は図１に
示すように、圧電素子１７とそれに対向する電極１８を
一対としてなるトナー濃度検出部１１、圧電素子−電極
間電圧印加回路１２、圧電素子発振回路１３、周波数変
化検知回路１４、および濃厚現像液供給装置１５で構成
されている。As shown in FIG. 1, the wet developing solution concentration control apparatus of the present invention comprises a toner concentration detecting section 11 including a piezoelectric element 17 and an electrode 18 facing the piezoelectric element 17, a piezoelectric element-electrode voltage applying circuit 12, and a piezoelectric element. It is composed of an element oscillation circuit 13, a frequency change detection circuit 14, and a concentrated developer supply device 15.
【０００８】トナー濃度検知部分１１は、ギャップｄを
隔て圧電素子１７と電極１８が対向し設置されており、
圧電素子１７上にトナー粒子を電着させるための電圧印
加回路１２が圧電素子１７と対抗電極１８に接続されて
いる。電圧印加回路１２は電圧の極性を変えることがで
き、トナー濃度を検出する際は圧電素子１７側にトナー
が電着する第１の電圧を、また濃度検出が終了すると逆
極性の第２の電圧を印加することができ、圧電素子１７
上のトナー層をクリーニングすることができる。In the toner concentration detecting portion 11, the piezoelectric element 17 and the electrode 18 are installed to face each other with a gap d therebetween.
A voltage application circuit 12 for electrodepositing toner particles on the piezoelectric element 17 is connected to the piezoelectric element 17 and the counter electrode 18. The voltage applying circuit 12 can change the polarity of the voltage, and when detecting the toner concentration, the first voltage at which the toner is electrodeposited on the piezoelectric element 17 side, and when the concentration detection is completed, the second voltage having the opposite polarity is applied. Can be applied to the piezoelectric element 17
The upper toner layer can be cleaned.
【０００９】一方、電着電界は現像電界と同程度の０．
１Ｖ／μｍから１０Ｖ／μｍの電界が良い。なぜなら
ば、この範囲以下の電界では圧電素子１７上への電着が
弱く実際のトナー濃度よりも薄いと測定されてしまい、
またこの範囲以上では電着が強く圧電素子１７に電着電
界と逆の電界を印加してもクリーニングすることができ
なくなってしまう。電極間のギャップは電界強度に依存
するが５０μｍから１ｃｍまでが良い。なぜならば、こ
の範囲以下のギャップでは電極間に異物あるいは気泡が
入り易くなり誤作動しやすくなり、またこの範囲以上で
は電源の確保がこんなになってしまい現実的でない。On the other hand, the electrodeposition electric field is about 0.
An electric field of 1 V / μm to 10 V / μm is preferable. This is because, in the electric field below this range, the electrodeposition on the piezoelectric element 17 is weak and it is measured that the toner concentration is lower than the actual toner concentration.
In addition, if it is above this range, the electrodeposition is strong and even if an electric field opposite to the electrodeposition electric field is applied to the piezoelectric element 17, the cleaning cannot be performed. The gap between the electrodes depends on the electric field strength, but is preferably 50 μm to 1 cm. This is because, in a gap below this range, foreign matter or bubbles are likely to enter between the electrodes and malfunctions easily occur, and above this range, the power supply becomes so secure that it is not realistic.
【００１０】使用する圧電素子１７は水晶振動子、ＰＺ
Ｔ、ＬｉＮｂＯ３などをはじめ圧電効果を発現する材料
であれば特に限定はされない。また、圧電素子内部に振
動エネルギーが発現する材料以外に、弾性表面波を用い
た共振子を用いても良い。特に、室温近辺において基本
周波数変化の変動の少ないＡＴカットの水晶振動子が圧
電素子として好ましい。対向電極は１０６Ω／□以下の
抵抗を有している材料であれば特に限定されるものでは
ない。例えば、銅、鉄、白金、金、あるいはそれらを基
板に蒸着したもの、ステンレス、導電性ゴム、ＩＴＯな
どを挙げることができる。The piezoelectric element 17 used is a crystal oscillator, PZ
There is no particular limitation as long as it is a material that exhibits a piezoelectric effect, such as T and LiNbO 3 . Further, a resonator using surface acoustic waves may be used instead of a material that exhibits vibration energy inside the piezoelectric element. In particular, an AT-cut crystal resonator, which has little fluctuation in fundamental frequency around room temperature, is preferable as the piezoelectric element. The counter electrode is not particularly limited as long as it is a material having a resistance of 10 6 Ω / □ or less. For example, copper, iron, platinum, gold, or those obtained by vapor depositing them on a substrate, stainless steel, conductive rubber, ITO, etc. can be mentioned.
【００１１】以下に本発明でどのような順序で濃度調整
を行うか説明する。The order in which density adjustment is performed in the present invention will be described below.
【００１２】湿式現像器内に図１に示すトナー濃度検知
部１１および周波数変化検知回路１４を設置し、周波数
変化検知回路内の基準となる圧電素子の基本周波数を測
定する。次に圧電素子１７側に現像液中のトナーを電着
し、トナー濃度検知部１１の圧電素子１７の周波数を測
定する。ここで、予め測定しておいた基本周波数と電着
後の共振周波数の差を周波数変化検知回路１４で電圧変
化へ変換し、その情報を濃厚現像液供給装置１５へ送信
する。濃厚現像液供給装置１５では入力した電圧情報に
応じ、濃厚現像液を現像器１６へ注入する。一連の操作
により濃厚現像液が現像器内へ注入された後、電圧印加
回路１２によりトナーを電着した時と逆の極性の電界を
圧電素子１７へ印加することでトナー層を除去しクリー
ニングする。このクリーニングした状態の圧電素子１７
の共振周波数を初期値とする。以上の操作を１セットと
し現像液の濃度調整を適宜行うことで、一定の濃度の現
像液濃度を維持することができる。The toner concentration detecting section 11 and the frequency change detecting circuit 14 shown in FIG. 1 are installed in the wet developing device, and the basic frequency of the piezoelectric element serving as a reference in the frequency change detecting circuit is measured. Next, the toner in the developing solution is electrodeposited on the piezoelectric element 17 side, and the frequency of the piezoelectric element 17 of the toner concentration detecting section 11 is measured. Here, the difference between the fundamental frequency measured beforehand and the resonance frequency after electrodeposition is converted into a voltage change by the frequency change detection circuit 14, and the information is transmitted to the concentrated developer supply device 15. The concentrated developer supply device 15 injects the concentrated developer into the developing device 16 according to the input voltage information. After the concentrated developer is injected into the developing device by a series of operations, the voltage application circuit 12 applies an electric field having a polarity opposite to that when the toner is electrodeposited to the piezoelectric element 17 to remove and clean the toner layer. . The piezoelectric element 17 in this cleaned state
The resonance frequency of is the initial value. By setting the above operation as one set and appropriately adjusting the concentration of the developing solution, it is possible to maintain a constant developing solution concentration.
【００１３】以下にトナー濃度検知の原理を説明する。The principle of toner concentration detection will be described below.
【００１４】圧電素子はその両端に電圧を印加すると共
振し、ある特定の周波数で発振する。この圧電素子の表
面に物質が吸着あるいは付着すると、その共振が妨げら
れ、はじめよりも低い周波数で共振する。物質の付着量
とこの周波数の差との間には比例関係が成り立ってお
り、周波数変化から付着した物質の重量あるいは層厚を
測定できることから蒸着装置の膜厚計として使用されて
いる。しかしながら、これはｄｒｙプロセスに適用され
ている例であり、ｗｅｔプロセスでは状況が変わってく
る。それは、物質の付着量と周波数変化との比例関係の
比例定数が溶媒の種類により異なる点である。例えば、
溶媒として炭化水素系溶媒アイソパーＬを用いた場合、
周波数変化と物質付着量の間の比例定数は約６×１０７
Ｈｚ・ｃｍ２／ｇであり、比例関係（周波数変化＝−定
数・重量変化）はｄｒｙプロセス同様成り立つ。しかし
ながら本願では、ｄｒｙプロセスとは違い現像液濃度を
測定した後、圧電素子へ逆バイアスを印加しトナー層を
リリースすることで、常に何も付着していない圧電素子
表面を提供することができることが特徴である。The piezoelectric element resonates when a voltage is applied across the piezoelectric element and oscillates at a specific frequency. When a substance is adsorbed or attached to the surface of the piezoelectric element, its resonance is hindered , and it resonates at a frequency lower than that at the beginning. There is a proportional relationship between the amount of deposited substance and this difference in frequency, and since it is possible to measure the weight or layer thickness of the deposited substance from the frequency change, it is used as a film thickness meter of a vapor deposition apparatus. However, this is an example applied to the dry process, and the situation changes in the wet process. That is, the proportional constant of the proportional relationship between the amount of substance attached and the frequency change differs depending on the type of solvent. For example,
When the hydrocarbon solvent Isopar L is used as the solvent,
The constant of proportionality between the frequency change and the amount of attached substance is about 6 × 10 7.
Hz · cm 2 / g, and the proportional relationship (frequency change = −constant / weight change) holds as in the dry process. However, in the present application, after measuring the difference developer concentration and dry process, by releasing the toner layer by applying a reverse bias to the piezoelectric element, provide a piezoelectric element <br/> surface always unattached nothing The feature is that you can do it.
【００１５】(実施例１)図１において圧電素子１７とし
て基本周波数５ＭＨｚのＡＴカット水晶振動子を用い、
トナー濃度検知部の電極間のギャップを３ｍｍ、電着電
界を１Ｖ／μｍに設定した。電着時間は５秒に設定し
た。使用した現像液の濃度は０．１ｗｔ％、０．５ｗｔ
％、１．０ｗｔ％、２．５ｗｔ％、５ｗｔ％の５種類で
あり、それぞれを水晶振動子上に電着したところ周波数
変化検知回路１４の出力電位と現像液濃度との間には図
２に示すような比例関係が成り立っていた。(Embodiment 1) In FIG. 1, an AT cut crystal oscillator having a fundamental frequency of 5 MHz is used as the piezoelectric element 17,
The gap between the electrodes of the toner concentration detector was set to 3 mm, and the electrodeposition electric field was set to 1 V / μm. The electrodeposition time was set to 5 seconds. The concentration of the developer used is 0.1wt%, 0.5wt
%, 1.0 wt%, 2.5 wt%, and 5 wt%, each of which is electrodeposited on the crystal oscillator, and when the output potential of the frequency change detection circuit 14 and the developer concentration are shown in FIG. The proportional relationship shown in was established.
【００１６】実際に感光体を用い感光体上に形成した静
電潜像を１ｗｔ％の濃度の液体現像剤で現像し、記録媒
体へ電界転写することで画像出力を行うことで本湿式現
像液濃度制御装置を稼動させてみた。トナー濃度が０．
５ｗｔ％、すなわち周波数変化検知回路１４の出力電位
が０．８Ｖになったときに濃厚現像液を供給するように
セットした。The present wet developing solution is used in which an electrostatic latent image formed on a photoconductor is actually developed with a liquid developer having a concentration of 1 wt% and an electric field is transferred to a recording medium to output an image. I tried to operate the concentration controller. The toner density is 0.
The concentrated developer was set to be 5 wt%, that is, when the output potential of the frequency change detection circuit 14 became 0.8V.
【００１７】その結果、初期の周波数変化検知回路１４
の出力電圧は１．６Ｖであったが、画像を出力していく
に従いその電圧は減少していった。出力電圧が０．８Ｖ
に達したとき、濃厚現像液供給装置１５が作動し、濃厚
現像液を湿式現像器１６へ適当量注入した。本実施例で
使用した現像器内には現像液攪拌装置が搭載されていた
ので、濃厚現像液は速やかに分散し、数分後再び周波数
変化検知回路の出力電位を測定したところ、初期値と同
じ１．６Ｖであった。そこで、出力電位が０．８Ｖに成
ったときの現像液および濃度調整後出力電位が１．６Ｖ
になったときの現像液をサンプリングし、別の方法で濃
度を正確に測定したところ前者はほぼ０．５ｗｔ％、後
者もほぼ１ｗｔ％であった。現像液濃度を調整した後の
水晶振動子上を観察したところ、初期状態と同様の表面
状態でありトナー層の付着は確認されなかった。As a result, the initial frequency change detection circuit 14
Output voltage was 1.6 V, but the voltage decreased as the image was output. Output voltage is 0.8V
When the temperature reaches 1, the concentrated developer supply device 15 is activated and the concentrated developer is injected into the wet developing device 16 in an appropriate amount. Since the developing solution used in this example was equipped with a developing solution agitator, the concentrated developing solution was quickly dispersed, and after several minutes, the output potential of the frequency change detection circuit was measured again. The same was 1.6V. Therefore, developer and concentration adjusted output potential when the output potential is made to 0.8V is 1.6V
The developer when it is then sampled, approximately 0.5 wt% of the former was measured accurately concentrations in another way, the latter was also approximately 1 wt%. When the surface of the crystal unit after the concentration of the developing solution was adjusted was observed, the surface state was the same as the initial state, and the adhesion of the toner layer was not confirmed.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】本発明湿式現像液濃度制御装置は、濃度
検知部分に圧電素子を用いることで、温度変化に対し安
定した現像液濃度の測定が可能となった。本発明の装置
によって、使用環境依存性が極めて低く且つ直接現像液
濃度中のトナー濃度をセンシングすることができる。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The wet developer concentration control device of the present invention can stably measure the concentration of the developer against temperature changes by using the piezoelectric element in the concentration detecting portion. With the apparatus of the present invention, the toner concentration in the developer concentration can be directly sensed with extremely low dependency on the use environment.
【図１】本発明の典型的な湿式現像液濃度制御装置。FIG. 1 is a typical wet developer concentration control device of the present invention.
【図２】本発明(実施例１)における現像液濃度と出力電
位の関係。FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the developer concentration and the output potential in the present invention (Example 1).
１１ トナー濃度検知部、 １２ 電圧印加回路、 １３ 発振回路、 １４ 周波数変化検知回路、 １５ 濃厚尾現像液供給装置、 １６ 湿式現像器、 １７ 圧電素子、 １８ 対向電極、 １９ 湿式現像液、 11 Toner concentration detector, 12 voltage application circuit, 13 oscillator circuit, 14 Frequency change detection circuit, 15 thick tail developer supply device, 16 Wet developing device, 17 Piezoelectric element, 18 counter electrode, 19 Wet developer,
フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) G03G 15/11 Front page continuation (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) G03G 15/11
Claims (2)
する現像液のトナー濃度を制御する湿式現像液濃度制御
装置において、前記現像液中に設置され、トナーの付着量に応じて振動
周波数が変化する圧電素子と、 前記圧電素子と前記現像液を介在して対向するよう設け
られ、前記圧電素子との間に電界を形成する対向電極
と、 前記 圧電素子を発振させる発振回路と、前記 圧電素子と前記対向電極との間に前記圧電素子に前
記トナーを電着させる第１の電圧を印可し、あるいは前
記圧電素子に電着した前記トナーを前記圧電素子からリ
リースさせる前記第１の電圧と極性の異なる第２の電圧
を印加する電圧印加回路と、前記圧電素子の前記振動周波数の変化を検知する周波数
変化検知回路と、 を 具備してなることを特徴とする湿式現像液濃度制御装
置。1. An electrostatic latent image formed on a latent image carrier is developed.
In a wet-type developer concentration control device for controlling the toner concentration of the developing solution, the apparatus is installed in the developing solution and vibrates according to the amount of adhered toner.
Provided so that the piezoelectric element whose frequency changes and the piezoelectric element and the developing solution face each other.
Counter electrode that forms an electric field between the piezoelectric element and the piezoelectric element
When the oscillation circuit for oscillating the piezoelectric element, before the piezoelectric element between the counter electrode and the piezoelectric element
Apply the first voltage to electrodeposit the toner, or
The toner electrodeposited on the piezoelectric element is removed from the piezoelectric element.
A voltage application circuit for applying a second voltage having a polarity different from that of the first voltage to be leased, and a frequency for detecting a change in the vibration frequency of the piezoelectric element.
Wet developing solution concentration control device characterized by comprising by comprising: a change detection circuit.
を用いることを特徴とする請求項１記載の湿式現像液濃
度制御装置。2. The AT-cut crystal resonator as the piezoelectric element
The wet developer concentration control device according to claim 1, wherein:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04995999A JP3459370B2 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Wet developer concentration control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04995999A JP3459370B2 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Wet developer concentration control device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000250322A JP2000250322A (en) | 2000-09-14 |
| JP3459370B2 true JP3459370B2 (en) | 2003-10-20 |
Family
ID=12845581
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04995999A Expired - Fee Related JP3459370B2 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Wet developer concentration control device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3459370B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5629700B2 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2014-11-26 | 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 | Density detection device and image forming apparatus provided with the same |
| JP5656891B2 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2015-01-21 | 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 | Density detection device and image forming apparatus provided with the same |
| JP5656890B2 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2015-01-21 | 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 | Density detection device and image forming apparatus provided with the same |
-
1999
- 1999-02-26 JP JP04995999A patent/JP3459370B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2000250322A (en) | 2000-09-14 |
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