JP3458248B2 - Cutter equipment for shield machine - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield excavator excavating method and a cutter device applied to excavation in a ground improved with a drain material such as a plastic drain.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A ground improved by a plastic drain method, which is a type of vertical drain method, that is, a ground in which a flexible plastic board 51 is buried as a drain material as shown in FIG. 9 is shielded. When excavating, the conventional shield machine has the following problems. Due to its flexibility, the plastic board cannot be cut by the cutter bit that excavates the ground of the shield excavator and is caught by it and dragged into the ground, loosening the upper ground and cavities and sediment at the upper part of the excavation. Bring about the collapse of. Along with this, the surrounding ground subsides. The plastic board may become entangled with the cutter, reducing the excavation efficiency and making it impossible to proceed with the excavation.

[0003]

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, sharp bar-shaped cutters 53 are provided on the front surface of a main cutter (ground excavation cutter) 52 for excavating the natural ground. It is conceivable to project the plastic board forward and cut the plastic board at the front surface of the main cutter 52 at the same time as excavating by the rod-shaped cutter 53. However, in this case, the ground around the plastic board is loosened by excavation until the plastic board is cut, the supporting force of the plastic board is lost, and the plastic board is pulled by the rod-shaped cutter 53, so that the plastic board is cut. Hateful.

An object of the present invention is to enable the drain material to be accurately cut when excavating in the ground improved with the drain material such as a plastic board, and for the shield machine to be cut by the cut drain material. It is to make it possible to safely excavate the shield without disturbing the excavation and without disturbing or loosening the upper ground by dragging the drain material.

[0005]

A cutter device for a shield machine according to the present invention has a ring-shaped drain material cutting cutter for cutting drain material in the ground, which projects forward from the front surface of the ground excavating cutter. In addition, since the drain material cut by the drain material cutting cutter is shredded as the sand is taken into the shield machine, a shredder cutter is provided at the earth and sand intake section. This shredder cutter consists of a front cutter part provided on the ground excavation cutter and a rear cutter part that cooperates with this, and the drain material is shredded by being sandwiched by the front and rear cutter parts as the rock excavation cutter rotates. To do.

The ring-shaped drain material cutting cutter is preferably provided on the outer peripheral portion of the ground excavating cutter, but when the shield machine has a large diameter, it may be provided further concentrically inward.

[0007]

According to the present invention, the drain material such as the plastic board is cut by the drain material cutting cutter prior to the excavation by the ground excavating cutter which is the main cutter. That is, it is cut before the ground is loosened by excavation. The cut drain material is shredded when it is taken into the shield machine together with the earth and sand, so it does not affect the excavation of the shield machine.

The ring-shaped drain material cutting cutter cuts the drain material at two upper and lower positions accurately at the same time while preventing the ground material from loosening by avoiding interference with the excavation operation of the ground excavating cutter and preventing the ground material from loosening. be able to.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention applied to a muddy water shield machine. This shield machine 1 basically has the same structure as the conventional machine, but as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a ring-shaped drain material cutting cutter is attached to the outer periphery of the face plate 3 of the ground excavation cutter 2 which is the main cutter. 4 is added, and each earth and sand intake part 5 of the ground excavation cutter 2 is added.
3 is different from the conventional one in that a shredding cutter 6 is added as shown in FIGS. The drain material cutting cutter 4 is formed by fixing a ring-shaped plate material having a sharp front edge to the outer periphery of the face plate 3, and a part of the ring shape is located in front of the cutter bit 7 on the front surface of the ground excavating cutter 2. It is protruding.

The shredded cutter 6 is a front cutter portion 6a provided on the face plate 3 and the front spokes 3a of the ground excavating cutter 2.
And a rear cutter portion 6b provided on the rear plate 8 on the rear side of the face plate 3 and the rear spokes 9. Back plate 8
Is in contact with the rear surface of the face plate 3, but is rotatable separately from the face plate 3.

In order to excavate the shield machine 1 in the improved ground by the plastic board 51 as shown in FIG. 9, the ground excavating cutter 2 is rotated and the back plate 8 is moved to the earth excavating cutter 2 (face plate 3). ), Or in the same direction at a rotation speed different from that of the ground excavating cutter 2, the drain material cutting cutter 4 that rotates integrally with the natural excavating cutter 2 excavates by the cutter bit 7. Prior to this, the plastic board 51 is cut. In this case, since the drain material cutting cutter 4 has a ring shape, the upper and lower two positions of the plastic board 51 are pressed at the same time to cut accurately. The cut plastic board is shredded so as to be sandwiched between the front cutter part 6a and the rear cutter part 6b of the shredder cutter 6 when being taken into the chamber 10 together with the earth and sand from the earth and sand intake part 5. . Therefore, the excavation of the shield machine 1 is not affected at all, and the earth is discharged from the chamber 10 without any trouble. The rear plate 8 having the rear cutter portion 6b is rotated integrally with the ground excavating cutter 2 (face plate 3) to prevent wear when shield excavating in the ground without the plastic board 51.

5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention. This example is the case where the outer diameter of the shield machine 1 is larger than that of the first embodiment, and in addition to the drain material cutting cutter 4 at the outer peripheral portion of the face plate 3 of the natural ground excavating cutter 2, further inside thereof. A ring-shaped drain material cutting cutter 11 is concentrically provided.

The drain material cutting cutter 4 may be fixed to the outer periphery of the face plate 3 of the natural ground excavating cutter 2 so as to be projected as described above, but the drain material cutting cutter 4 and the natural ground excavating cutter 2 may be provided.
The drain material cutting cutter 4 can be relatively advanced and retracted.
Is preferably used only for the ground with the plastic board 51, and when there is no plastic board 51, it is possible to put it in a retracted state.

FIG. 7 shows a first example of the advancing / retreating structure in which the drain material cutting cutter 4 is fixed in the front-rear direction, and the face plate 3 is moved forward and backward by the jack 12 in the chamber 10. . When the drain material cutting cutter 4 is not used, the face plate 3 is moved forward so that the cutter bit 7 on the front surface thereof is projected forward of the drain material cutting cutter 4 as shown in FIG. When the drain material cutting cutter 4 is used, the face plate 3 is retracted to retract the cutter bit 7 rearward from the drain material cutting cutter 4 as shown in FIG. Is projected to the front of the cutter bit 7.

FIG. 8 shows a second example of the advancing / retreating structure. Contrary to the first example of FIG. 7, the drain material cutting cutter 4 itself is provided in the chamber 10.
The outer jack 13 is used to move back and forth. When the drain material cutting cutter 4 is not used, as shown in FIG.
When the drain material cutting cutter 4 is used by retreating the tool to the rear of the cutter bit 7 of the ground excavating cutter 2, the drain material cutting cutter 4 is moved forward as shown in FIG. Make it project more than 7. In addition,
In FIG. 8, reference numeral 14 is a sealing material that seals between the drain material cutting cutter 4 and the rear wall 15 of the chamber 10.

In the above embodiment, an example of a muddy water type shield excavator was shown, but it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to an earth pressure type shield excavator. Further, although the ground excavating cutter is shown as a face plate type, it may be a spoke type.

[0018]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. Since the drain material cutting cutter that protrudes forward of the ground excavating cutter cuts the drain material in the ground in advance, it is possible to accurately cut the ground material before loosening by excavation. The drain material cut by the drain material cutting cutter is shredded when it is taken into the shield machine with the front cutter part and the rear cutter part which cooperates with the front cutter part provided in the ground excavation cutter. Does not get entangled with the ground excavating cutter and does not affect the earth discharging operation, so that the excavation efficiency of the shield machine does not decrease even if the drain material is present. It is possible to safely excavate the shield without dragging the drain material to disturb or loosen the upper ground. If the drain material cutting cutter has a ring shape and is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rock excavation cutter, it avoids interference with the excavation operation by the rock excavation cutter and prevents the rock from loosening before the rock is loosened. It is possible to accurately cut two points at the same time. In addition to the drain material cutting cutter at the outer peripheral portion, if the drain material cutting cutter is provided concentrically inside thereof, it can be applied even when the diameter of the shield machine is large.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a shield machine to which a cutter device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the above.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a shredded cutter which is a part of the cutter device.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the above.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a shield machine to which the cutter device according to the second embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the above.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a first example of an advancing / retreating structure in which a drain material cutting cutter and a ground excavation cutter can relatively advance and retreat. FIG. When the cutting cutter is in the retracted state, (B) is the case where the natural material excavating cutter is retracted and the drain material cutting cutter is in the used state.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a second example of the advance / retreat structure, FIG.
Shows the case where the drain material cutting cutter is retracted to the retracted state, and (B) is the case where the drain material cutting cutter is advanced to the used state.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state where a plastic board as a drain material is embedded in the ground.

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a shield machine according to a reference example in which rod-shaped cutters are projected forward at a plurality of positions on the front surface of the ground excavation cutter.

FIG. 11 is a front view of the above.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 shield machine 2 Ground excavation cutter 3 face plate 4 Drain material cutting cutter 5 Sediment intake 6 shredded cutter 6a Front cutter part 6b Rear cutter part 7 cutter bits 8 Back plate 11 Drain material cutting cutter

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/06 E21D 9/087

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A shield excavator for excavating and excavating a natural ground by a natural earth excavating cutter to take in earth and sand, and a ring-shaped drain material cutting cutter for cutting a drain material in the ground It is provided so as to project forward from the front of the cutter, and the drain material cut by this drain material cutting cutter is shredded as the sand is taken into the shield machine. The shield is composed of a front cutter portion provided in the ground excavation cutter and a rear cutter portion that cooperates with the front cutter portion to cut the drain material so as to sandwich the drain material. Cutter device for excavator. 2. A cutter device for a shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the ring-shaped drain material cutting cutter is concentrically provided on an outer peripheral portion of the natural ground excavating cutter and inwardly thereof.