JP3454848B2 - Differential device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
It relates to a differential device. [0002] 2. Description of the Related Art JP-A-63-78746 and Sho-kai
As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG.
Differential devices 201 and 203 are described. The differentials 201 and 203 are of bevel gear type.
Differential gear mechanisms 207 and 209 and a differential limiting viscous
Couplings 211 and 213 and multi-plate clutch 215
217 respectively. Viscous coupling
211, 213: The larger the differential rotation speed, the larger the differential control
This is a speed-sensitive differential limiting means that generates a limiting force. or,
The multi-plate clutches 215 and 217 are
9,221 meshes with pinion gears 223,225
The meshing reaction force is
The larger the transmission torque of the structures 207 and 209, the stronger
Multi-plate clutches 215 and 217 are torque-sensitive differential limiting
Means. [0004] [0006] As shown in FIG.
In the position 201, the left side gear 219 in the figure is connected to the hub 231.
Through the left side axle 233 and the right side gear 23
5 is connected to the right axle 237. Multi-plate clutch 21
5 is a connection between the hub 231 and the differential case 239 (housing).
SH type (S: shaft, H: housing)
G). In addition, as shown in FIG.
The plate clutch 217 is connected to the right side gear 221 and the differential
And a viscous coupling 2
13 is between the left side gear 243 and the differential case 241
, All of which are of the SH type. [0005]In the differential 201 shown in FIG.
Is running straight ahead, and the road surface resistance of the left and right wheels
Are equal, according to the input torque T from the engine
And the left and right axles 233, 23 by the differential gear mechanism 207.
7 are evenly distributed by T / 2 and T / 2 respectively. Turning the vehicle
When the direction is different or one of the left and right wheels spins
Transmits torque to the left and right axles 233 and 237 as follows.
Is reached. First, the vehicle turns left or the right axle 237 idles.
In other words, if the road resistance of the right wheel is
Torque transmitted to right axle 237 when less than resistance
T _R1 Is the torque distributed by the differential gear mechanism 207
T _SP1 Is transmitted. T _R1 = T _SP1 ... (1) Torque T transmitted to left axle 233 _L1 Is a differential gear machine
Torque T distributed by frame 207 _SP1 Defka
239 through the hub 231 to the left axle 233.
Chitorque Tc is applied. T _L1 = T _SP1 + Tc ... (2) However, the clutch torque Tc is controlled by the differential gear mechanism 207.
Torque T _SP1 Caused by the differential
The gear pressure angle and pitch circle diameter of the gear mechanism 207 By
Using a constant α determined by Tc = α · T _SP1 ... (3) According to equations (2) and (3) T _L1 = T _SP1 + Α · T _SP1 = T _SP1 (1 + α) (4) Next, when the vehicle turns right or the left axle 233 idles,
That is, the road resistance of the left wheel is smaller than the road resistance of the right wheel.
The torque T transmitted to the right axle 237 _R2 Is
Torque T distributed by differential gear mechanism 207 _SP2 But
Is transmitted. T _R2 = T _SP2 ... (5) Torque T transmitted to left axle 233 _L2 Is a differential gear machine
Torque T distributed by frame 207 _SP2 From, hub 2
Clutch torque transmitted from 31 to differential case 239
Tc is reduced. T _L2 = T _SP2 -Tc (6) However, the clutch torque Tc is controlled by the differential gear mechanism 207.
Distributed torque T _SP2 Caused by
If the pressure angle and pitch circle of the gear of the differential gear mechanism 207 are
Using the constant α determined by the diameter, etc.,
It is. Tc = α · T _SP2 ... (7) That is, the vehicle turns right or the left axle 233 idles.
Then, the clutch device is engaged and a clutch torque is generated. Ma
The torque T transmitted to the left and right axles _SP2 It is already
Is the value including the clutch torque to be transmitted to the motor. So
The total torque input to the differential case 239
Transmitted to the axle of _R2 , T _L2 With the combined torque
equal. Also, when the vehicle is in a running state, the clutch
Looking at Luc Tc, the left and right cars in the running state
Torque T transmitted to shaft _R2 And torque T _L2 The difference between
The latch torque Tc is always equal. in this case,
Clutch transmitted from hub 231 to differential case 239
Tc is transmitted to the left and right axles via the differential gear mechanism 207.
And the torque T transmitted to the left axle _L2 Again from the hub
231 and the differential case 239. Such as
Although internal circulation of luk has occurred, as described above,
The clutch torque Tc in a certain running state and the left and right vehicles
Torque T transmitted to shaft _R2 , T _L2 The relationship above I
Relationship. Then, according to equations (6) and (7), T _L2 = T _SP2 −α · T _SP2 = T _SP2 (1-α) (8) If the vehicle turns left or the right axle idles, i.e.
When the road resistance of the wheel is smaller than the road resistance from the left wheel
Transfer ratio (to left axle 233 on high torque side)
Transmission torque and transmission torque to right wheel 237 on low torque side
Is calculated by the equations (1) and (4). T _L1 / T _R1 = T _SP1 (1 + α) / T _SP1 = 1 + α (9) If the vehicle turns right or the left axle 233 idles,
When the road resistance of the left wheel is smaller than the road resistance of the right wheel
Transfer ratio (to the right axle 237 on the high torque side)
Of the transmission torque of the left axle 233 on the low torque side) T _R2 / T _L2 = T _SP2 / T _SP2 (1−α) = 1 /
(1-α) (10) Therefore, the left and right wheel ridges are obtained by the equation (9) ≠ (10).
In addition, depending on which of the wheel
A phenomenon in which the ratio is different occurs. In this case Figure 6
The left and right axles 233 and 237 are indicated by thick arrows 244.
In addition to the input of the driving force, the right axle 237 has a dashed arrow
The driving force of the mark 251 is added to enhance the strength. As described above, the differential limiting means is arranged in the SH.
Then, the differential limiting force becomes unequal on the left and right, resulting in one-handedness.
You. When one-handedness occurs, for example, wheels fitted in mud
Is different from right or left depending on whether the vehicle is out of mud.
When turning left or running slalom, etc.
Lacks steering stability due to the difference in driving force when turning
You. FIG. 8 shows the differential limiting characteristic of the differential device 201.
The vertical axis is sent to the right wheel when the left wheel is idling.
The horizontal axis is the torque transmitted to the left wheel when the right wheel spins.
Shaft torque. Graph 253 and graph 255
Right-axis torque and left-axis torque by the multi-plate clutch 215, respectively.
Lux and asymmetric with respect to the 45 ° straight line 257.
As described above, the right-axis torque is larger than the left-axis torque.
Are shown. The gradient and graph for the horizontal axis of graph 253
The transfer ratio is defined as the slope of the rough 255 with respect to the vertical axis.
(Rt). Accordingly, the characteristics of the entire differential device 201 can be represented by a graph.
Difference between 253 and 255 due to viscous coupling 211
Graphs 259 and 261 are obtained in which the motion limiting force is applied evenly. FIG. 9 shows the differential limiting characteristic of the differential device 203.
The graphs 263 and 265 are multi-plate clutches.
217. Multi-plate clutch 217
Since the gear is located on the side of the gear 221, the left shaft torque
Is larger than the right shaft torque. Therefore, the differential device 203 as a whole
The characteristics are shown in graphs 263 and 265 in viscous coupling 2.
Graphs 267 and 26 with unequally applied thirteen differential limiting forces
9, which is asymmetric with respect to the straight line 257. As described above, the conventional torque-sensitive type and the speed-sensitive type
Differential limiting characteristics between one side and the other side with matching
There was no differential device with the property. Also, conventional
Example of S-S arrangement of speed sensitive differential limiting means
For example, the differential device 201 connects with the viscous coupling 211.
Right axle 237 longer than left axle 233
The power transmission shaft becomes unequal in length as must be done. Therefore, the present invention provides a torque sensitive type and a speed sensitive type.
Equipped with sensitive type differential limiting function, one side gear idling
Differential limiting characteristics between the time when the side gear idles on the other side
Differential that can be obtained and can make both power transmission shafts equal length
The purpose is to provide a char device. [0012] Means for Solving the Problems The differential of the present invention
The communication device is a differential case and a storage provided in the differential case.
The outer periphery of the gear is supported in the receiving hole and housed so that it can slide and rotate freely.
The pinion gear and the pinion gear
A shaft of a differential case having one side gear in the axial direction and a side gear on the other side
Torque-sensitive differential control offset to one side
Differential gear mechanism with limited function, differential case axial direction, etc.
Side offset and differential control in response to differential rotation speed
Speed-sensitive coupling and
And the other side of the hub with the power transmission shaft
And a hub on the other side to which the power transmission shaft is connected.
Gears and side gears through one side member of the coupling.
And the other member of the coupling is
Penetrates between hub and side gearThrough the connecting memberone
Connected to the hub on one side or the power transmission shaft on one side.
Features. [0013] [Function] A differential gear mechanism is provided on one axial side of the differential case.
And the other side has a differential limiting force in response to the differential rotation speed.
The resulting speed-sensitive coupling is arranged.
When the differential case is driven to rotate, this driving force
The gears are distributed to each side gear. Distributed driving force
Is transmitted to the power transmission shaft on one side via the hub on one side,
Movement of the other side through one side member of the coupling and the hub of the other side
Power is transmitted to the shaft. Also, the driving resistance between each power transmission shaft
Differential rotation of side gear via pinion gear according to the difference
The driving force is differentially distributed to each power transmission shaft. The differential rotation of the side gear is a pinion gear.
Gear is moderately braked by frictional resistance between
The differential rotation of the structure is limited. This frictional resistance is the transmission torque
The differential gear mechanism is a torque-sensitive differential
It has a limited function. The friction resistance between the pinion gear and the housing hole is
Is the same regardless of which gear is idling, so
When one side of the power transmission shaft idles and the other side idles
And the driving force sent to the ground-side power transmission shaft is equal,
An equal differential limiting force is obtained between the side and the other side. The one side member and the other side member of the coupling are
Connected to each power transmission shaft via the connection part provided on the hub
And are arranged in SS. Thus, the sense of torque
Coupling characteristics are added to the uniform characteristics of the adaptive differential limiting function.
Evenly added, the overall differential limiting characteristic is also different between one side and the other.
It is uniform, and there is no opposition that degrades operability. [0017] The other side of the coupling via one side member of the coupling.
And side gears as well as couplings
A connecting member that penetrates the side member between the hub on the other side and the side gear
When the SS arrangement of the coupling is established through
In addition, the extension of one side member to one side in this way
One side of the power transmission shaft is coupled for coupling with the coupling.
No need to extend to the driving side, both power transmission shafts are equal length
Can be. [0018] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
You. FIG. 1 shows a differential device of this embodiment,
FIG. 4 shows a power system of a vehicle using the differential device.
Is shown. The left and right directions are the left and right directions in this vehicle and FIG.
Are not shown.
No. As shown in FIG. 4, the power system is an engine 1,
Transmission 3, propeller shaft 5, rear differential
7 (differential equipment of FIG. 1 arranged on the rear wheel side)
), Rear axles 9, 11 (power transmission shaft), left and right rear wheels 1
3, 15 and left and right front wheels 17, 19, etc.
You. In the rear differential 7, the differential case 21 is a differential carry.
The case 23 is rotatably arranged in the
The ring gear 25 fixed to the drive pinion gear 2
7 is engaged. Drive pinion gear 27 is
Drive pinion shaft connected to the rashaft 5 side
29 are formed integrally. Thus, the engine 1
Power is transmitted between the transmission 3 and the propeller shaft 5.
And transmitted to the rear differential 7 through the
Move. As shown in FIG. 1, the differential case 21 includes a main body 31.
And a cover 35 fixed to the main body 31 with screws 33.
And a pair of side gears 37 and 39 are arranged inside
Have been. A left hub 41 is located on the left side of the side gear 37.
The flange 43 and the cylindrical member 45
The right flange 47 and the left side gear 37 are welded
It is united with. The hub 41 is a shaft support 4 of the cover 35.
9 and rotatably supported by the flange 43 and
A washer 51 is arranged between the cover 35.
The right side gear 39 is formed on the right hub 53.
The hub 53 is rotated by the shaft support 55 of the main body 31.
It is supported by Left hub 41 has left rear axle 9
The splines are connected and the retaining ring 57 prevents
The right rear axle 11 is spline-connected to the right hub 53
The retaining ring 59 prevents the falling off. The main body 31 has a long storage hole 61,
A hole 61 and a short storage hole adjacent in the circumferential direction are provided in the axial direction.
Have been. A pinion gear 63 slides in the storage hole 61.
It is rotatably stored, and a short pinion gear is in the short storage hole
It is housed so that it can slide and rotate. The long pinion gear 63 includes the left and right gear portions 6.
5, 67 and a shaft 69 for connecting these members.
69 has a small diameter to avoid interference with the right side gear 39
Has been. The left gear portion 65 is connected to the left side gear 37.
The right gear 67 is in mesh with the right end of the short pinion gear.
Are in mesh. In addition, the short pinion gear is
It is in mesh with the id gear 39. The body 31 has a thrust
Long and short pinniers with a washer 71 and retaining rings 73 and 73 attached.
This prevents the on-gear from falling off. Thus, the differential gear machine
A structure 75 is configured. The engine 1 for rotating the differential case 21
Driving force is distributed from each pinion gear to side gears 37 and 39.
Left and right rear wheels 13, 15 via rear axles 9, 11
Is transmitted to When a drive resistance difference occurs between the rear wheels,
The driving force of the engine 1 is different between the left and right sides due to the rotation of the gear.
Dynamic distribution. Each gear of the differential gear mechanism 75 is a helical gear.
It is. When the vehicle moves forward, the differential case 21 is driven to rotate.
Then, thrust generated by meshing with each pinion gear
Each side gear 37, 39 is placed between each other by force 77, 79.
The differential case 21 is pressed and slid by the sliding portion 81 of the vehicle.
The side gear 37 is rotated when driven to rotate in both reverse directions.
The flange portion 43 is washes due to the meshing thrust force 83 of
Sliding at the sliding portion 85 with the locker 51, and the meshing thrust force 87
As a result, the side gear 39 slides on the sliding portion 89 with the main body 31.
I do. The friction coefficient of the sliding part 81 is the friction of the sliding parts 85 and 89.
It is larger than the coefficient. Also, a long pinion due to the meshing thrust force
The left end of the gear 63 slides on the flange 47, and the right end is a thrust.
It slides with the washer 71. The left end of the short pinion gear
Sliding with main body 31, right end slides with thrust washer 71
I do. These sliding parts have the same coefficient of friction.
In addition, the rotational friction resistance between each pinion gear and its storage hole
Is obtained. The rotational friction resistance of each pinion gear and the mesh
Due to the frictional resistance of each sliding part due to the last force, each pinion gear
The rotation of the gears and side gears 37 and 39 is braked, and the differential gear
The differential rotation of the mechanism 75 is limited. This frictional resistance is differential
Since it changes in proportion to the transmission torque of the gear mechanism 75,
The moving part constitutes a torque-sensitive type differential limiting means. With the flange 43 on the left side gear 37 side
A hub 91 is arranged between the hub 41 and the flange 47.
It is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of. Hub 91
Penetrate the gap 93 between the side gear 37 and the hub 41 to the right
Connecting part 95 is provided, and this connecting part 95
The hub 53 is spline-connected. Flange 43
Between the cylindrical member 45, the flange 47 and the hub 91.
A working chamber 97 is formed.
High-viscosity silicone oil is injected into the injection hole 99
Sealed by a ball 101. Cylindrical member 45
Are engaged with a number of outer plates,
Inner plates alternated with outer plates
I'm engaged. X ring 1 between hub 91 and hub 41
03 (X-shaped seal in cross section) and backup ring 1
05 between the side gear 37 and the connecting portion 95.
X ring 107 and backup ring 109
To prevent silicon oil from leaking. Thus, the viscous coupling 111
(Speed-sensitive coupling). Au
The tar plate is connected to the left rear axle 9 via a hub 41.
The inner plate is located on the right through the hub 91 and the hub 53.
Because it is connected to the rear axle 11, the viscous coupling
111 is in the SS arrangement and the differential rotation of the differential gear mechanism 75
Restrict. Flange of viscous coupling 111
Left hub via 43, cylindrical member 45 and flange 47
41 and the side gear 37, and
The connecting portion 95 penetrating between the gear 41 and the side gear 37
Since the hub 91 is connected to the hub 53, the hub shown in FIG.
Unlike the previous case, the left and right rear axles 9 and 11 can be
You. Thus, the rear differential 7 is configured. Next, referring to FIG. 2 and FIG.
The differential limiting characteristic will be described. FIG. 2 shows the transfer ratio of the rear differential 7.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing an o (Rt), where the first quadrant is a region on the forward side.
The third quadrant is on the reverse side (coasting side).
Area. The upper third quadrant of the 45 ° straight line 113 in the first quadrant
The lower side is through the rear differential 7 when the left rear wheel 13 idles.
This is the area of the shaft torque sent to the right rear wheel 15, and is in the first quadrant.
The lower part of the lower third quadrant is the left rear wheel when the right rear wheel 15 idles.
13 is a region of the shaft torque sent to the motor shaft 13. The graphs 115, 117, 119 and 121 are
Transfer ratio of torque-sensitive differential limiting means
The difference between the viscous couplings 111 is shown in these graphs.
Graphs 123, 125, 127, 12 with added dynamic limiting force
9 is the differential limiting characteristic of the entire rear differential 7. Pinion gear of torque-sensitive differential limiting means
Resistance of the left side gear 37 is the leading rotation
And when the right side gear 39 rotates ahead.
At the end of each pinion gear due to the meshing thrust force
The sliding frictional resistance of the portions is made equal left and right as described above.
Therefore, this differential limiting means has a right-handed
Graph 115, graph 117, and graph 119
The roughs 121 are symmetrical with respect to the straight line 113, respectively.
ing. Further, as described above, the sliding resistance of the sliding portion 81 is reduced.
Moving forward because it is larger than the sliding resistance of moving parts 85 and 89
Rt of the graphs 115 and 117 at the time are larger than Rt at the time of reverse travel.
Good. Also, the viscous coupling 111 is disposed in the SS arrangement.
Since the differential limiting force is
Graphs 123, 125, 1 added to 7, 119, 121
27, 129 are also symmetrical with respect to the straight line 113,
The differential 7 does not generate one-handedness. In the vehicle shown in FIG.
Even if the left axle torque when the left rear wheel 13 idles drops to TL1
A large TR1 shaft torque is sent to the right rear wheel 15 to drive on a bad road
Breakability is greatly improved. At this time, it is empty
The driving force sent to the rear wheel on the contact side is
Equal and maneuverability and safety are greatly improved. or,
Obtaining such a large differential limiting force requires a large torque.
The stability of the car body at the time is particularly high, making it suitable for sporty driving.
Suitable. Further, as shown in FIG.
The gradient of 5,127,129 is shown in graphs 115,117,1.
It is determined by the gradient of 19,121. Therefore, viscous
Graph 11 also shows the effect of the differential limiting force of the coupling 111.
This effect is determined by the gradient of 5,117,119,121.
Is the contact piece between the graph 123 and the vertical axis.
It is a contact piece between the chart 129 and the vertical axis of the chart 129.
As the difference from the initial torque TiC during reverse
You. Here, the gradients of the graphs 123 and 129 are represented by R
Let tD and RtC be the unit torque of the viscous coupling 111
Assuming that TiD = TVC (RtD + 1) TiC = TVC (RtC + 1) Since RtD> RtC, TiD> TiC. As described above, the torque obtained by changing Rt in forward and backward traveling
By combining with sensitive differential limiting means, viscous
The overall characteristics including the characteristics of the coupling 111 also move forward and backward.
Can be changed with. FIG. 3 shows the difference with respect to the input torque of the rear differential 7.
It is a graph which shows a dynamic limiting force. Graph 131 is
The differential limiting force is large for Rt in graphs 123 and 125 in FIG.
Graph 133 shows that the reverse
The differential limiting force at the time of braking is shown by graphs 127 and 12 in FIG.
9 is reduced by a small Rt.
You. The broken line 135 indicates the ABS (anti-lock brake system).
Indicates the maximum torque of the
If the large input torque is T1, the differential limiting torque at that time
T2 does not exceed the ABS torque limit,
Interference with the system is avoided. As described above, the rear differential 7 has the right and left
Sphare ratio is equal torque-sensitive differential limiting means
In addition, the speed-sensitive viscous coupling 111
Due to the S-S arrangement, the symmetrical difference as a whole
It becomes a dynamic restriction characteristic, and the operability of the vehicle is greatly improved.
In addition, by adopting this structure, torque-sensitive differential limiting means
When the vehicle is moving forward, the transfer ratio of
It is easy to reduce the size
Even if the differential limiting force of the coupling 111 is applied,
While traveling, a large differential limiting force can be obtained and the engine
During rake, interference with the ABS of the vehicle can be prevented. or,
In addition, the rear axles 9, 11 can be made equal. Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
You. In this embodiment, screws are used in the rear differential 7 of the first embodiment.
Another type of coupling instead of the cas coupling 111
Corresponding to the arrangement of the tags. Below, the phase with the rear differential 7
The differences will be mainly described. 5 and FIG.
Members having the same functions are given the same reference numerals as in FIG. Left and right
The directions are the left and right directions in FIG.
The materials are not shown. Differential of this embodiment
The device is similar to the rear differential 7 of the first embodiment, and is similar to the rear differential of FIG.
It is used as Jadeff 137. As shown in FIG. 5, on the right side of the differential case 21
A differential gear mechanism 75 is arranged, and an orifice
Pulling 139 (speed-sensitive type coupling)
Have been. The differential gear mechanism 75 has left and right as in the first embodiment.
Symmetrical, the differential limiting force when the vehicle is
It has a luk-sensitive differential limiting function. The orifice coupling 139 is
Base 141, rotor 143, piston 145,
It has a cylinder 147 and a differential limiting force adjustment mechanism 149.
I have. The rotor 143 is provided inside the cam case 141.
It is arranged so that it can rotate freely. Left end of cam case 141
The left hub 151 is spline-connected to the left side.
The rear axle 9 is spline-connected to the hub 151,
The shed 57 prevents falling off. Hub 151 and cover
A washer 51 is disposed between the washer 51 and the washer 35. Also c
The bearing 151 is supported by a shaft support 152 of the cover 35.
You. The rotor 143 is connected to the hub 151 and the left side gear 37.
And extends rightward. The right rear axle 11
Splines at the right end of rotor 143 and right hub 153
Are connected and fall off with the hub 153 by the retaining ring 59.
Has been prevented. Hub 153 has a right side gear 39
The right end portion is formed on the shaft support portion 15 of the differential case 21.
4 and formed between the rotor 143
The free ends of each other are supported by the
You. The rotor 143 has a plurality of cylinders 147.
The cylinders 147 are provided radially.
The piston 145 is engaged via the valve 157. The cam case 141 has a top of the piston 145.
A cam surface 159 that slides with the section is provided. Cam surface 1
59 is for differential rotation of cam case 141 and rotor 143.
As a result, the pair of pistons 145 are moved in the same phase.
Profile is given. Also, each cylinder 1
47 is an axial oil passage 163 via a radial oil passage 161.
Is communicated to. The differential limiting force adjusting mechanism 149 includes a rotor 143
Right retainer 165 and left retainer 167 attached to
And a spring attached between the retainers 165 and 167.
169, 170, plate valve 171, and orifice
Disk plate 173 and the like. Orifice spray
The port 173 is fixed to the rotor 143 with two bolts.
When receiving oil pressure from oil passage 163, the outer edge
To bend. Plate valve 171 and orifice spray
An accumulator 175 is formed between the
The orifice plate 173 has an oil passage 163
A squeezing hole 177 communicating with the accumulator 175 is provided.
Have been. The rotor 143 has a one-way valve 179
Oil passage 181 communicating with cylinder 147 through
The accumulator 175 is a plate valve 171
Oil through the gap 183 between the oil and the orifice plate 173
The oil passage 163 communicates with the rotor 143 and the orifice.
Oil passage 181 through a gap 185 with the disk plate 173.
Is in communication with Cylinder 147, oil passages 161, 16
3,181, the accumulator 175 is filled with hydraulic oil
Have been. One-way valve 179 uses hydraulic oil as cylinder
Moving directly from -147 to the gaps 183, 185
To prevent. Each gap 183, 185 is provided with a spring 169,
Hydraulic pressure does not rise to some extent due to the urging force of 170
And have not been opened. On the left retainer 167
A seal 187 is attached and the rotor 143 has a valve hole 18.
9 is provided, and the hydraulic pressure of the accumulator 175 is excessive.
Before it becomes large, the rightward movement of the retainer 167 causes this valve
The valve hole 189 communicates with the accumulator 175 to release hydraulic pressure.
Perform the relief valve function to release. As described above, the cam case 141 is located on the rear left vehicle.
The rotor 143 is connected to the shaft 9 and the rotor 143 is connected to the right rear axle 11.
When differential rotation occurs between the rear wheels 13 and 15,
Part of the piston 145 is inward due to sliding with the
And the internal pressure is generated in the cylinder 147,
The piston 145 is pressed against the cam case 141 by the pressure.
You. This pressing force causes the cam case 141 and the rotor 143 to move.
Between the rear wheels 13 and 15 (differential gear
The differential rotation of the mechanism 75) is limited. Cylinder 147
The internal pressure is proportional to the differential speed, so this differential limiting function
Is speed sensitive. The internal pressure of the cylinder 147 is
And the differential pressure between the accumulator 175
Occurs. The accumulator 17 is increased as the differential rotation speed increases.
5 is greater than the biasing force of the springs 169 and 170
Oil flows from the gap 183 to the oil passage 181 and
When the internal pressure of the heater 147 rises, the orifice plate 17
3 flows from the gap 185 to the oil passage 181. like this
As the differential rotation speed increases, the accumulator 175
And oil passage 163 to oil passage 181 and one-way valve 179
, The amount of oil returning to the cylinder 147 increases. Thus, the orifice coupling 139
Is configured. Differential restriction of orifice coupling 139
Compare characteristics with those using fixed orifices with fixed opening
Then, in the low differential rotation range where the cylinder pressure is low, the split
Gaps 183, 185 due to the urging force of
Is larger than the fixed orifice type because it is fully closed
The limiting force is obtained, and the fixed orifice type
Clearance gaps 183 and 185 open in high differential rotation range
As a result, an increase in the differential limiting force is appropriately suppressed. Thus, low
Difference from differential speed to differential speed range
A differential limiting characteristic in which the dynamic limiting force changes almost linearly is obtained.
And the piston 145 receives a distance even if the differential rotation is zero.
Differential limiting force can be obtained by heart force. Also, the spring 16
By changing the biasing force of 9,170
Can be changed easily. As described above, the orifice coupling 1
Numeral 39 indicates a size with the left hub 151 via the cam case 141.
And the rotor 143 to the right side.
Since it is connected to the dog gear 39 and is in the SS arrangement, the differential
Torque-sensitive differential limiting function of gear mechanism 75 and orifice
Rear differential 137 combining both characteristics of coupling 139
The differential limiting characteristics of the left and right
It has no advantage and has a large differential limiting force when moving forward.
During reverse (coasting), the differential limiting force is reduced.
The vehicle offers excellent maneuverability and sporty driving performance.
To avoid interference with the ABS when using the engine brake.
Be killed. The orifice coupling 139 has a low
Through the hub 151 and the side gear 37.
And connected to the right rear axle 11 to move the right rear axle 11 to the left
There is no need to extend, so the rear axles 9, 11 are isometric
Can be. [0052] According to the differential device of the present invention,
Pinion gear slidably housed in the housing hole of the case
And a pair of side gears meshed with the pinion gear.
Equipped with an equal torque sensitive differential limiting function between one side and the other side.
The differential gear mechanism obtained is placed on one side in the axial direction of the differential case,
Speed sensitive differential limiting function located on the other side of the differential case
With the hub on the other side via one side member of the coupling with
Connect the side gear and the other member of the coupling
Through a connecting part that passes between the hub and the side gear on the other side.
And connect it to one side hub or power transmission shaft
To establish the SS arrangement. Therefore, one side and the other side
And uniform differential limiting characteristics and torque-sensitive differential
Changing the differential limiting characteristics of the dynamic limiting function in the differential rotation direction
To keep the coupling effect even between one side and the other side
However, it can be changed in the differential rotation direction. Also, one side
The power transmission shaft on the other side can be made equal.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a graph showing a differential limiting characteristic of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a graph showing a differential limiting characteristic of the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a skeleton mechanism diagram showing a power system of a vehicle using each embodiment. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a first conventional example. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a second conventional example. FIG. 8 is a graph showing a differential limiting characteristic of the first conventional example. FIG. 9 is a graph showing a differential limiting characteristic of the second conventional example. [Description of Signs] 7,137 Rear differential (differential device) 9 Left rear axle (other power transmission shaft) 11 Right rear axle (one power transmission shaft) 21 Differential case 37 Side gear (other side) 39 Side gear (one side) 41, 151 Hub (other side) 43 Flange (one side member of coupling) 45 Cylindrical member (one side member of coupling) 47 Flange (one side member of coupling) 53, 153 Hub (one side) 63 Pinion gear 75 Differential gear mechanism 91 Hub (other side member of coupling) 111 Viscous coupling (speed-sensitive type coupling) 139 Orifice coupling (speed-sensitive type coupling) 141 Cam case (one side member of coupling) 143 rotor (other side member of coupling)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shuhei Ono 2388 Omiyacho, Tochigi City, Tochigi Prefecture Tochigi Fuji Sangyo Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-3-20143 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model 4-133048 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Hei 1-87350 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Hei 2-443 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16H 48/20

Claims (1)

(1) A differential case, a pinion gear in which a gear outer peripheral portion is supported in a storage hole provided in the differential case and is slidably and rotatably stored, and an axial direction meshed with the pinion gear, respectively. A differential gear mechanism having a side gear and a side gear on the other side and having an offset arrangement on one side in the axial direction of the differential case and having a torque-sensitive differential limiting function, and a differential gear arrangement being offset on the other axial side of the differential case. A speed-sensitive coupling that performs differential limiting in response to the rotation speed, a hub on one side where a side gear is formed and the power transmission shaft is connected, and a hub on the other side where the other power transmission shaft is connected and a hub, with the other side of the hub and the side gears are coupled via the one side member of the coupling, through the coupling portion other side member of the coupling penetrating between the other side of the hub and the side gears Differential gear, characterized in that it is connected to the power transmission shaft of one side of the hub or the one side.