JP3454449B2 - Simple measurement method of flow rate of gas conduit in gas supply system - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a simple method for measuring the flow rate of a gas pipe in a gas supply system for city gas or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the flow rate of a gas conduit in a city gas supply system is measured by installing a flow meter such as an orifice flow meter in the gas conduit. In this case, in order to measure the flow rate with high accuracy, a straight pipe section having 20 times the diameter of the gas conduit is required in the front and rear for mounting the flow meter. When measuring the flow rate of a gas conduit with high accuracy, the composition of gas, pressure,
It is necessary to perform temperature corrections precisely. Another method is to use a mechanical governor position gauge installed in the governor to read the opening degree by a person, and then use the correspondence between the opening degree and the flow rate to measure the flow rate simply. In some cases.

[0003]

The above method has the following problems. When measuring the flow rate of the gas conduit with high accuracy, it takes a lot of work and is expensive. That is, when installing a flow meter on existing pipes, large-scale installation work such as cutting and welding of the pipes is required, and when installing a flow meter on a buried conduit, plumbing work and underground pit installation are required. is necessary. Installation of the flow meter may be difficult. That is, in the case of the underground type, there are cases where it is difficult to install due to restrictions such as the size of the pit, and there is a case where a straight portion 20 times the diameter of the conduit cannot be taken before and after the flowmeter. There are many measuring instruments, which are expensive and difficult to maintain. It is difficult to use a mechanical governor opening gauge because a person reads the opening and obtains the flow rate by calculation. There is a large error in the correspondence between the opening degree and the flow rate because there is a large difference between the governor bodies and the flow rate conversion has a wide range. Therefore, the present invention aims to solve such problems.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention uses a correspondence relationship between the opening degree of a governor opening degree meter and the flow rate in each of a large number of governors in the same supply area. The flow rate is derived from the opening, and the data is recorded over time for a predetermined period, and the derived flow rate for each governor in the same supply area is integrated for the specified period and the integrated value of all governors is integrated. To obtain the total integrated value, and to integrate the total usage amount of all customers in the same supply area for the above-mentioned predetermined period with the data of the gas meter of each customer, and to correct the integrated value of all governors to the total usage amount. At the same time, we propose a simple method for measuring the flow rate of a gas conduit that proportionally distributes this by the integrated value of each governor to obtain a corrected flow rate and derives data for correcting the correspondence between the opening and the flow rate.

Further, in the present invention, in the above configuration, the correspondence between the opening of the optical opening meter and the flow rate is obtained by approximating the opening-flow rate conversion table using the pressure obtained by the measurement as a parameter by a polygonal line approximation formula. , Opening-flow rate is proposed.

Further, in the present invention, in the above structure, it is proposed that the correction data be recorded in the non-volatile recording means such as an IC card as actual data to be used for the subsequent flow rate derivation.

[0007]

The relationship between the opening of the optical opening meter and the flow rate is calculated by approximating the opening-flow rate conversion table using pressure as a parameter as shown in FIG. It can be an expression.

In the optical opening meter, the amount of displacement of the displacement member, which is displaced in response to the opening of the governor, can be optically measured and obtained as an electrical signal. The flow rate can be derived by inputting the pressure into the arithmetic processing means that holds the above approximate expression.

In this way, the flow rates derived in each of the many governors in the same supply area are integrated for a predetermined period, for example, one month, which is a unit in which the consumption of the customer can be obtained, and this is integrated by all the governors. Then, when the total integrated value is obtained, this total integrated value corresponds to the total usage amount of all the customers in the same supply area during the above-mentioned predetermined period. That is, if the flow rate is accurately derived, the total integrated value is equal to the total amount used. Therefore, if the total integrated value is corrected to be the total usage amount, the accuracy of deriving the flow rate based on the opening degree is improved. In this correction, if proportional distribution is made to all governors according to the respective integrated values, the correction flow rate for each governor can be obtained, and the correction data in the form of correction coefficient for the correspondence between the opening degree and the flow rate can be obtained. You can

Such correction data is recorded as record data in a recording means such as an IC card configured corresponding to each governor optical opening degree meter, and is used for subsequent flow rate derivation so that the correction data can be obtained as described above. It is possible to update the flow rate every period and perform flow rate measurement corresponding to the actual results.

[0011]

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 schematically shows the overall configuration of the present invention.
Reference numeral 1 (1a, 1b, ..., 1n) indicates a city gas supply system,
It shows the governor chambers corresponding to all the governors in the same supply area. In these governor chambers 1, the governor body 2 (2a, 2b, ..., 2n), the position gauge of the governor body 2, and the governor body 2 are shown. Various kinds of monitoring equipment such as pressure sensor, flow meter, gas detector, and other measuring equipment group of the main body 2, and abnormality detection equipment group such as governor cutoff detection sensor and SI sensor abnormality detection sensor ( (Not shown) has been installed and is a data collection site for governor monitoring. A governor monitoring device 3 that collects and processes data from these various devices is installed outside the governor room 1. The opening degree meter is an optical opening degree meter and is configured to obtain an electric signal corresponding to the opening degree of the governor main body 2. As described above, in this embodiment, the operation of the present invention described above is realized in the remote monitoring device of the governor. The remote monitoring device will be described below.

Reference numeral 4 is a common center monitoring device for monitoring the operation of the governor main body 2 at a plurality of locations. This center monitoring device 4 and the governor monitoring device 3 at each data collection site are connected via a communication line 5. Connected to form a remote monitoring device. The communication line 5 is a public line, a dedicated line, or a wireless line applied individually or in combination, and the center monitoring device 4 and each governor monitoring device 3 constitute a communication means corresponding to the communication line.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the governor monitoring device 3 constituted by a microcomputer application device or the like, and reference numeral 6 connected to the governor monitoring device 3.
Reference symbol a indicates a measuring device group such as an opening meter of the governor main body 2, pressure sensors on the primary and secondary sides of the governor main body 2, a flow meter, and a gas detector. The opening meter is an optical opening meter as described above. is there. Reference numeral 6b indicates a group of abnormality detection devices such as a governor cutoff detection sensor and an SI sensor abnormality detection sensor, which are contact outputs. Note that, in FIG. 2, the data collecting means A, the abnormality monitoring means B, and the communication means C among the above-mentioned constituent elements are shown.
The block group corresponding to is surrounded by a two-dot chain line in the figure.

The governor monitoring device 3 includes the measuring device group 6 described above.
Input means 7a, 7b for connecting a and the abnormality detection device group 6b
Are configured. That is, reference numeral 7a is a measurement data input means and an abnormality detection data input means. The former is composed of an analog preprocessing circuit, an A / D converter, a level converter, etc., and is configured to have a function of converting analog data of each measuring device into a predetermined digital signal. Further, although not shown in the drawing, the conversion unit for deriving the flow rate from the corresponding signal of the opening degree is configured corresponding to the optical opening degree meter. The correspondence relationship is stored as a polygonal line approximation formula using pressure as a parameter, and when the opening degree signal is input, the flow rate is derived by approximation by the polygonal line approximation formula. The coefficient of the opening degree as the input and the flow rate as the output can be set externally. For example, FIG. 4 shows an example in which the correspondence between the opening of the optical opening meter and the flow rate is measured using pressure as a parameter, and these correspondences are, as shown in FIG. It can be approximated by four broken lines for each.

The data converted into a predetermined digital signal by each of the data input means 7a and 7b is temporarily read at high speed by the data reading means 8 into an appropriate recording area of the memory for the subsequent processing. The data reading means 8 is constituted by a function of controlling the data input means 7a and 7b to intermittently transfer data to a predetermined temporary recording area of the memory at appropriate time intervals, for example, every 0.5 seconds. be able to.

The data of the measuring device group 6a read at high speed by the data reading means 8 is constantly monitored by the abnormality monitoring means B as described later to determine an abnormality, and the data for each predetermined time for each item. Is recorded on the non-volatile recording medium 13 such as an IC memory card via the recording medium reading / writing means 12 over time, and the actual data for the period up to that time, for example, the statistical amount of each item at each time, for example, the average value, Record data such as standard deviation.

For example, if the recording capacity of the non-volatile recording medium is set to one year of the above data, and if this recording period is exceeded, new data is sequentially recorded, and the oldest data is sequentially erased, so that It is possible to retain data for a predetermined period from the present, that is, for one year. The data recording interval on the non-volatile recording medium 13 is determined in consideration of the capacity of the non-volatile recording medium 13 and the continuous data recording period, and in the embodiment, a time longer than the sampling time, for example, 1 minute. Every time. The recording interval may be different for each data item as described above.

Of the data read into the memory intermittently by the data reading means 8, the data of the measuring device group 6a is compared with the set values and the actual data by the data processing means 9, and correction and other calculations are performed. As a result, processing such as alarm generation is performed. This set value can be changed by a command from the center monitoring device 4 via the communication means C described later.

For example, the governor body 2 from the measuring device group 6a
The data such as the primary side pressure, the secondary side pressure, the opening degree of the governor body 2, the flow rate, and the gas concentration are read by the data reading means 8 at every sampling time of 0.5 seconds as described above, and the data processing means In 9, the upper and lower limits are compared with the preset upper and lower limits, and the upper and lower limits are monitored. Along with this, predetermined calculations such as data difference calculation between adjacent sampling points, flow rate pressure correction, or time-dependent weighted average processing of data are performed, and these data are also compared with the upper and lower limit set values as appropriate. Done. It should be noted that the sampling time is set to be short so as to correspond to the maximum data change speed assumed when an abnormality occurs.

As a result of the above data abnormality determination, when it is determined that the process is abnormal, the data processing means 9
Issues an alarm output to the abnormality determination means 10 and records the corresponding data in the progress data recording means 11 as progress data together with data of a predetermined time before and after that, for example, 20 minutes. The progress data recording means 11 may be constituted by a non-volatile storage means such as a battery-backed SRAM or the like, or may be a portable non-volatile recording medium 13 in some cases.

The abnormality determination means 10 monitors the alarm from the data processing means 9 and the abnormality detection output from the abnormality detection device group 6b obtained via the data reading means 8 to determine the abnormality and the processing associated therewith. I do. That is, the abnormality determination means 1
In the case of 0, when the data processing means 9 issues an alarm or when the abnormality detection device group 6b issues an abnormality detection output, the abnormality handling processing is performed in a predetermined procedure. The abnormality handling processing includes abnormality determination, abnormality importance classification processing, processing corresponding to abnormality importance, output to the communication management means 14, and the like.

That is, when the data processing means 9 issues an alarm, the abnormality determining means 10 determines from the content of the abnormality data that
Whether the abnormality is a single abnormality, an area abnormality, a process abnormality such as a governor operation, or an abnormality of the measuring device group 6a, 6b, etc. is determined by the governor monitoring device 3 alone or by other communication means described later. Judgment is made after exchanging information by communicating with the governor monitoring device. At this time, the abnormality determining means 10 determines whether or not the recording medium reading / writing means 12 is necessary depending on the content of the abnormality.
It is possible to access the non-volatile recording medium 11 via the, and compare the abnormal data with past similar data recorded in the non-volatile recording medium 13 to determine the abnormality.
In addition to the abnormal data itself, the progress data temporarily recorded in the progress data recording means 11 can be used for such abnormality determination operation.

The abnormality determining means 10 determines the occurrence of the abnormality as described above, and classifies the content of the abnormality into four levels of importance such as the most important, important, less urgent and less urgent. Then, these contents are output to the communication management means 14.

When the importance of the abnormality is, the communication management means 14 interrupts other processing currently in operation and performs the abnormality handling processing as interrupt processing. In this case, as the priority processing, the abnormality handling processing is performed in preference to other processing after the processing currently in operation is completed. In this case, as the normal processing, the abnormality handling processing is performed after completion of other processing prior to this.
In the case of (3), it is a case of an unimportant abnormality that can be clearly recognized as a device failure, and in this case, the abnormality handling processing is performed as processing with low priority.

Reference numeral 15 is a communication control means managed by the communication management means 14, 15a is a dedicated / wireless line communication control means, 15b is a public line communication control means, and 15c is a serial communication communication control means. Communication control means 15
a is connected to the wireless communication device 17 via the dedicated / wireless communication modem 16a, and is connected to the communication device control means 18,
The activation control of the wireless communication device 17 is performed via the control output means 19. The communication control means 15b is connected to the public line 20 via the public communication modem 16b. The communication control means 15c is connected to the modemless serial interface 16c, and the transmission / reception means 1
A portable terminal device and other modems can be connected to 6c.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the basic structure of the center monitoring device. The center monitoring device 4 includes a communication means D corresponding to the communication means C of the governor monitoring device 3, a monitoring means 21, and a display means 22. , Alarm means 23, and operation input means 24. As the communication means D, like the governor monitoring device 3, a dedicated device corresponding to the wireless device 25 is used.
The wireless line communication control unit 26a, the dedicated / wireless line communication modem 27a, the dedicated / wireless line communication control unit 26b corresponding to the public line 20, and the public communication modem 27b are configured.

In the above configuration, when an abnormality occurs in the equipment in the governor room 1 that should be reported to the center monitoring device 4, the communication management means 14 receives the determination output from the abnormality determination means 10 and selects the communication control means 15. The center monitoring device 4 is called.

For example, when the public line 20 is used as the communication line 5, the communication management means 14 has the communication control means 15
b is selected and the center monitoring device 4 is called via the transmitting / receiving means 16b to establish a line connection. Next, governor monitoring device 3
Communication management means 14 and the monitoring means 21 of the center monitoring device 4
After confirming each other and establishing the data link, first, the governor monitoring device 3 side transmits to the center monitoring device 4 the data of the abnormality content determined by the abnormality determination means 10.

In the center monitoring device 4, the monitoring means 23 displays the data of the abnormality content transmitted from the governor monitoring device 3 on the display means 22 and, if necessary, the alarm means 2
3 gives an alarm. In this way, the center monitoring device 4
Then, it is possible to detect the occurrence of an abnormality and its content without processing the raw data of the equipment at the data collection site, and it is possible to take prompt action.

Further, the center monitoring device 4 can collect raw data of the equipment at each data collection site as needed. That is, when raw data is required in the center monitoring device 4, a data transmission request is sent from the monitoring means 21 of the center monitoring device 4 to the communication management means 14 of the governor monitoring device 3 by an input from the operation input means 24 or the like. When transmitted, the communication management means 14 causes the nonvolatile recording medium 1 via the recording medium reading / writing means 12 in accordance with the content of the data transmission request.
3 is accessed to read predetermined data, and this is transmitted to the center monitoring device 4 side. In this way, the center monitoring device 4 side can collect and analyze raw data of the equipment at each data collection site as needed. Further, when the temporary storage means 11 for the progress data is configured as described above, the data in the temporary storage means 11 can also be configured to be transmitted to the center monitoring device 4 as needed. .

When the predetermined processing is completed as described above,
Either the center monitoring device 4 or the governor monitoring device 3 terminates the data link, opens the line, and ends the abnormality handling processing.

The non-volatile recording medium 13 is composed of, for example, an IC card, has a capacity capable of recording the above-mentioned data for one year or more, and sequentially stores new data beyond the period corresponding to the storage capacity as described above. By sequentially erasing the oldest data when recording, it is possible to keep the data for the latest one year by repeatedly using it. Or, depending on the case, collect from the governor monitoring device 3 every year,
You can take it home and analyze the data on a personal computer. In this case, the actual data is collected by the governor monitoring device 3
Need a means to leave on. Further, the portable terminal device 28 is connected to the modemless serial interface 16c as necessary, and the communication control means 15c for serial communication is provided.
By transmitting a data transmission request to the communication management means 14 via the, the data recorded in the non-volatile recording medium 13 can be read out to the portable terminal device 28 or the like and processed.

By using the above remote monitoring device, in the present invention, the flow rate derived by the converter from the opening signals of the optical opening meters of the respective governor main bodies 2 in the same supply area is determined for a predetermined period, for example, , The usage amount of the customer is integrated for one month, which is a unit that can be used, and this is integrated by all governors to obtain the total integrated value. For example, the integration for one month is performed in each governor monitoring device 3, the integrated value is transmitted to the center monitoring device 4, and all integrated values are derived in the center monitoring device. On the other hand, in the monitoring center, the total usage amount of all the customers in the same supply area during the above-mentioned predetermined period is integrated by the data of the gas meter of each customer. Since the integrated value in all the governors described above, that is, the total integrated value, should be the same as the total usage amount of all the customers in the same supply area for the predetermined period, the total integration value matches the total usage amount. To do
If you change the coefficient of opening and flow rate in the converter,
The accuracy of deriving the flow rate according to the opening is improved. Specifically, in the center monitoring device 4, the above-mentioned total usage amount is proportionally distributed according to the integrated value of all governors, and the amount is transmitted to each governor monitoring device 3. Then, the governor monitoring device 3 calculates a correction coefficient for making the integrated value derived by itself the data of the usage amount transmitted from the center monitoring device 3, and calculates the correction coefficient to determine the opening-flow rate correspondence in the conversion unit. By setting it as a correction coefficient and using it for subsequent flow rate derivation, it is possible to update the correction data for each of the above-mentioned predetermined periods and perform flow rate measurement corresponding to the actual results. Although this correction data can be stored in a volatile memory that constitutes the conversion unit, if it is recorded in the non-volatile recording means 13 such as the IC card, it will not be lost even in the event of a power failure, etc. The correction can be surely performed.

FIG. 5 shows a flow rate measured by using the present invention, that is, a white circle in the figure, with respect to a flow rate measured by using a flow meter with a high accuracy of about 2%, that is, a flow rate measured by a black circle in the figure. A comparison with the calculated flow rate indicated by a point is shown, and it can be seen that an accuracy of about 10% is obtained in the present invention with respect to a flow meter with an accuracy of about 2%.

[0035]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. The governor is equipped with an optical opening meter that is easy to install and has few installation restrictions without installing the flow rate measuring mechanism of the orifice flow system in the gas conduit, and also has intelligent computing means, recording means, communication means, etc. on site. By configuring the monitoring device, it can be easily put to practical use, and necessary and sufficient flow rate measurement can be easily performed. Since the number of construction man-hours and the number of components are small, the cost can be significantly reduced compared to the conventional flow rate measurement. The flow rate can be corrected for each governor, the data for the correction can be recorded in the non-volatile recording means, the flow rate can be measured according to the actual results, and the data processing is easy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing an overall configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the basic configuration of the on-site processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a basic configuration of a center monitoring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a correspondence relationship between an opening degree and a flow rate.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a comparison between a flow rate measured by a conventional flowmeter and a calculated flow rate according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

A data collection means B abnormality monitoring means C communication means D communication means 1 governor room 2 governor body 3 on-site processing device 4 center monitoring device 5 communication line 6a measuring equipment group 6b abnormality detection equipment group 7a measurement data input means 7b abnormality detection data input Means 8 Data reading means 9 Data processing means 10 Abnormality judging means 11 Progress data recording means 12 Recording medium reading / writing means 13 Portable non-volatile recording medium 14 Communication management means 15a, 26a Dedicated / wireless line communication control means 15b, 26b Public line Communication control means 15c serial communication communication control means 16a, 27a dedicated / wireless line communication modems 16b, 27b public communication modem 16c modemless serial interface 17 wireless communication equipment 18 communication equipment control means 19 control output means 20 public line 21 Monitoring means 22 display means 23 alarm means 4 operation input means 25 wireless devices 28 Allowed 搬端 end equipment

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Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. In each of a number of governors in the same supply area, the flow rate is derived from the opening degree by using the correspondence relationship between the opening degree of the optical opening degree meter and the flow rate, and the data is obtained over a predetermined period of time. In addition, the flow rate derived for each governor in the same supply area is integrated for the above-mentioned predetermined period, and the integrated value of all governors is integrated to obtain the total integrated value. The total amount of use in the above specified period of is accumulated by the data of the gas meter of each consumer,
It is possible to correct the integrated value of all governors to the total usage amount, proportionally distribute the integrated value of each governor to obtain a corrected flow rate, and derive data for correcting the correspondence relationship between the opening degree and the flow rate. A simple method for measuring the flow rate of a gas conduit in a characteristic gas supply system 2. The correspondence between the opening of the optical opening meter and the flow rate is
The simple method for measuring the flow rate of a gas conduit according to claim 1, wherein an opening-flow rate conversion table using the pressure obtained by measurement as a parameter is approximated by a polygonal line approximation formula to obtain an opening-flow rate calculation formula. 3. The simplified flow rate measuring method in a gas supply system according to claim 1, wherein the correction data is recorded in the non-volatile recording means as actual data for use in the subsequent flow rate derivation. 4. The method for simply measuring the flow rate of a gas conduit in a gas supply system according to claim 2, wherein the non-volatile recording means is an IC card.