JP3453901B2 - Composite fiber yarn and fabric excellent in flame retardancy, strength and abrasion resistance - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composite fiber yarn and a cloth which are excellent in flame retardancy, strength and abrasion resistance while maintaining the characteristics of cellulose fibers such as hygroscopicity and touch. It is particularly suitable for applications such as work clothes, uniforms, flame-retardant clothing, etc., which require durability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a workplace where a fire may occur, it is preferable that workers wear flame-retardant work clothes. Flame-retardant workwear is not only excellent in flame-retardant properties such as non-flammability and self-extinguishing property, but also has the same characteristics as general clothing such as comfortable comfort and color pattern like ordinary clothes. There is also a strong demand for durability performance (tensile strength, tear strength, abrasion resistance, washing resistance) that is important as work clothes.

[0003] As a flame-retardant workwear, there is a method of applying a flameproofing agent to a cotton cloth, that is, so-called post-processing flameproofing, but the flameproofing agent is insufficient due to uneven adhesion of the flameproofing agent. Or, the curing of the cloth due to the adhesion of the flameproofing agent, the detachment of the flameproofing agent by washing, the problem of safety, etc.
There is a problem that the tensile strength and tear strength are reduced due to the shrinkproof resin processing.

The cloth made of para-aramid fiber has excellent heat resistance and durability, but has poor hygroscopicity and tactile sensation, is not comfortable to wear, and is difficult to dye. It is difficult to obtain high color patterns. Therefore, JP-A-6
-220730 is composed of synthetic fibers and para-aramid fibers and has cut resistance, abrasion resistance and heat resistance,
Further, synthetic fiber yarns and woven and knitted fabrics having a relatively vivid color development are disclosed. However, even this product does not take into consideration hygroscopicity, touch, and flame retardancy.

Further, there has been proposed a method of flame retarding while maintaining the characteristics such as the hygroscopicity and the touch which the cellulosic fibers originally have. For example, it is a composite of a halogen-containing polymer fiber containing an antimony compound and a cellulosic fiber (Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-18050). However, it cannot be said that this composite has sufficient durability (tensile strength, tear strength, abrasion resistance, washing resistance) as a flame-retardant workwear.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a fabric having durability and flame retardancy while maintaining the hygroscopicity and tactile characteristics of cellulosic fibers at a high level.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found that a small amount of para-aramid fiber is added to a halogen-containing fiber and a cellulosic fiber containing a flame retardant. It has been found that a composite fiber yarn, and a product having a specific fabric structure composed of the composite fiber yarn, can simultaneously impart flame retardancy and durability without losing the characteristics of the cellulosic fiber, and the present invention It came to completion.

That is, the present invention mainly comprises antimony oxide.
Halogen-containing fibers 84-15 containing a flame retardant
Wt%, cellulosic fibers 15-84 wt%, and
A composite spun yarn composed of 1 to 5% by weight of la-aramid fiber,
In addition, a fabric made of this composite fiber yarn
A fabric containing 3% or more of a flame retardant, and further,
In the cloth, the weave structure is twill or satin and the basis weight is
250-350g / m ²Which is a cloth of
It has the desired flame retardancy, and also has a touch, texture, hygroscopicity, etc.
While maintaining the high characteristics of cellulose fiber,
Tensile strength, tear strength, abrasion resistance, washing resistance) etc.
It is satisfactory.

In the present invention, the halogen-containing fiber means
It is necessary to include modacrylic fiber and polyclar fiber, and further to contain a specific amount or more of flame retardant in the fabric. The specific amount or more of the flame retardant means that the formed fabric contains 3% by weight or more of the flame retardant with respect to the total fabric weight. Therefore, the fabric contains 50 halogen-containing fibers.
When it accounts for 10% by weight, it is necessary that the halogen-containing fiber contains 6% by weight or more of a flame retardant. Further, when the halogen-containing fibers account for 30% by weight in the cloth, it is necessary that the halogen-containing fibers contain 10% by weight or more of the flame retardant.

In the present invention, the halogen-containing fiber is composed of 40 to 70% by weight of acrylonitrile, 60 to 30% by weight of a vinyl monomer containing halogen, and 0 to 3% by weight of a monomer containing a sulfonic acid group. It is preferably composed of a polymer. If the amount of acrylonitrile is less than 40% by weight, the heat resistance of the fabric is insufficient, and the amount of acrylonitrile is 7%.
If it exceeds 0% by weight, a sufficient flame retardancy cannot be obtained. Examples of the halogen-containing vinyl monomer include vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl bromide and the like, and one or more of these are used. If the halogen-containing vinyl-based monomer is less than 30% by weight, the flame-retardant effect cannot be sufficiently obtained, and the halogen-containing vinyl-based monomer is 60% by weight.
If it exceeds, the heat resistance of the fabric is not sufficient. Further, as the monomer containing a sulfonic acid group, methacrylsulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and salts thereof (for example, sodium salt, potassium salt, Ammonium salts, etc.) and the like. A monomer containing a sulfonic acid group is used if necessary, but if it exceeds 3% by weight, the spinnability is deteriorated.

In the present invention, it is necessary that the fabric contains a flame retardant in an amount of 3% by weight or more, and antimony oxide is preferable as the flame retardant. Examples of antimony oxide include antimony trioxide and antimony pentaoxide. If the content of these antimony oxides in the fabric is 3% by weight or less, the effect on flame retardancy is insufficient. In order to contain 3% by weight or more of antimony oxide in the total weight of the fabric, it is desirable to previously contain 6 to 50 parts by weight of antimony oxide in the halogen-containing fiber with respect to the polymer constituting the fiber. . If it is less than 6 parts by weight, the flame retardance is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, problems in the manufacturing process (for example, clogging of nozzles, pressurization) and remarkable deterioration of physical properties occur.

As described above, antimony oxide is suitable as the flame retardant, but of course, antimony oxide and a flame retardant other than antimony oxide may be used in combination. As flame retardants other than antimony oxide, organic bromine compounds,
Examples thereof include oxides or hydroxides of tin, zirconium, aluminum and the like.

In the present invention, as the cellulose fiber, cotton,
Something like rayon. Usually, this cellulosic fiber is subjected to resin processing using a cross-linking agent such as melamine for the purpose of shrink prevention and wrinkle prevention.
There is a well-known problem that physical properties such as tensile strength, tear strength, and flexural wear resistance are inversely reduced when the wrinkle resistance is improved. This is because the flexibility and smoothness of the cellulose molecular chain are lost due to the increase in the number of cross-linking sites, which is an unavoidable problem in cross-linking. In recent years, studies have been made to reduce the strength reduction as much as possible by research on resin processing agents and processing methods, but it cannot be said that effective means have been obtained.

On the other hand, examples of the para-aramid fiber include those of Teijin Technora (Teijin Co., Ltd.). These para-aramid fibers, which are mainly made from para-aromatic compounds, are characterized by high strength and high elasticity fibers with excellent mechanical properties, but also have characteristics such as thermal stability and dimensional stability. Utilizing these characteristics, it is widely used as an industrial material. However, it has drawbacks such as a hard texture, difficulty in dyeing, and high price for clothing.

In this respect, in the present invention, the para-aramid fiber is mixed with the halogen-containing fiber and the cellulosic fiber in a small amount as the third component, so that the tensile strength and tear strength of the cloth can be increased without increasing the cost of the cloth. , Improve wear resistance,
In addition, it is possible to improve the durability performance, which is important as work clothes, in which the reduction in strength during processing is reduced.

Furthermore, by limiting the blending ratio of the para-aramid fiber, which is difficult to dye, to a small amount of 1 to 5% by weight, the formation of the para-aramid fiber in the light color and the formation of the para-aramid fiber in the dark color are controlled. By using the primary dye (for example, black), even when the dye containing only the halogen-containing fiber and the cellulosic fiber is dyed, a clear color can be obtained without the appearance of marbling.

The single fiber fineness of the para-aramid fiber is 2d.
The following is effective for improving the physical properties of the yarn, and the tensile strength is 20 to
A material having physical properties of 30 g / d, elongation at break of 2 to 5% and thermal decomposition point of 500 ° C. is used.

In the present invention, the blended yarn composed of the halogen-containing fiber, the cellulosic fiber and the para-aramid fiber is a single yarn having a twist coefficient K of 3.8 to 4.5 or a double yarn composed of the single yarn ( The return rate is 70-90%),
The fabric of the present invention can be obtained by using these for both warp yarns and weft yarns and weaving them with a predetermined weaving density and weave design.

Here, the reversion rate is a value obtained by the following: reversion rate = (number of double twists of upper twist / number of single twists of single yarn) × 100 (%).

[0020]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Prior to the description of the examples, the method of measuring the characteristic values in this specification will be described below.

(1) As a cloth for flame retardant combustion test, a woven fabric twill-woven with 80 cotton yarns of 24 yarns per inch as warp yarns and 59 yarns of 25 yarns per inch as weft yarns are used. Carbonization length was measured according to the United States Combustion Test Standard FTMS 191A-5903 and is shown in inches. It is one of the most popular flammability test methods in the field of clothing, especially workwear.

(2) Tensile strength, tear strength Tensile strength is based on JIS L 1096-1979 method A (strip method), and a test piece having a width of 5 cm is held at an interval of 2
It was pulled at 0 cm and a pulling speed of 20 cm / min, and the strength (Kgf) and elongation (%) at the time of cutting were measured in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively. The tear strength was similarly measured by the A-1 method (single tongue method) by measuring the maximum load shown at the time of tearing in the vertical and horizontal directions.

(3) Abrasion resistance Based on JIS L 1096-1979 E method (Martindale method), a circular test piece is rubbed with a standard wear cloth by a specified weight, and a predetermined end point (2 Judgment is made based on the number of times of wear until the thread of the book is cut) or the weight reduction of the test piece.

(4) Dyeability Halogen-containing fibers, cellulosic fibers, and para-aramid fibers are produced by three of the three uniformly mixed composite fabrics. By visually observing the anti-dyed gray color, it was judged based on the criteria that non-dyed para-aramid fibers were clearly observed in a marbling state, x, slightly observed, Δ, and none was observed. .

(Example 1) Acrylonitrile (AN),
Vinyl chloride (VC), sodium styrene sulfonate (SS
Polymerization was carried out using S) to obtain a resin having the composition shown in Table 1. Then, it is dissolved in acetone and antimony trioxide (Sb
₂ O ₃ ) was added at the ratio shown in Table 1, and the spinning solution (a),
(B), (c) and (d) were obtained.

[0026]

[Table 1]

These spinning stock solutions (a), (b), (c),
Although (d) was spun by an ordinary method, the level of (d) was difficult to form a yarn and a spinnable product could not be obtained. From this, it is clear that the spinnability is deteriorated when the amount of the sulfonic acid group-containing monomer exceeds 3% by weight. next,
After the tow of the single yarn denier 2d obtained from the spinning dope (a) was cut to 38 mm, it was mixed with cotton and para-aramid fiber (Technora manufactured by Teijin Ltd.) at various ratios,
24/2 spun yarns were made from normal cotton spun and twisted yarns. Using this spun yarn for both warp and weft,
The woven fabric shown in was produced. The evaluation results of the obtained woven fabric are shown in Tables 2, 3 and 4.

[0028]

[Table 2]

[0029]

[Table 3]

[0030]

[Table 4]

As is clear from the results in Table 2, the dyeability is deteriorated when the para-aramid fiber content exceeds 5% by weight. Further, from the results of Table 3, the composite fiber yarn containing 1 to 5% by weight of the para-aramid fiber has improved tenacity and elongation, and the use of this composite fiber yarn results in tensile strength and tear strength of the fabric. And the abrasion resistance was improved, and as shown in the results of Table 4, in Comparative Example 4, the tensile strength of the cloth in the raw fabric was considerably decreased in the finishing step including the shrink-proof resin treatment, whereas the para-aramid fiber was used. When 5% by weight was mixed, the strength reduction in the finishing process was reduced, and the effect of the present invention was clarified.

[0032]

As described in detail above, the fabric according to the present invention has flame retardancy excellent in washing durability while maintaining the features such as hygroscopicity and touch of cellulosic fibers at a high level. It is strong, wear-resistant, comfortable to wear as clothes, and has excellent color clarity, so it can meet the demand for flame-retardant work clothes for a wide range of occupations.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-52-144470 (JP, A) JP-A-8-218259 (JP, A) JP-A-4-209823 (JP, A) JP-B 4- 18050 (JP, B2) Special table Sho 63-500392 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) D02G 1/00-3/48 D02J 1/00-13/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A composite fiber yarn comprising a halogen-containing fiber containing a flame retardant containing antimony oxide as a main component, a cellulosic fiber and a para-aramid fiber having a blended spinning ratio (84 to 15% by weight): ( 15-84% by weight):
(1 to 5% by weight), which is a composite fiber yarn excellent in flame resistance, strength and abrasion resistance. 2. The composite fiber yarn according to claim 1, which has a twist coefficient K of 3.8 to 4.5. 3. A flame retardant mainly composed of antimony oxide, which is made of the composite fiber yarn excellent in flame retardancy, tenacity and abrasion resistance according to claim 1 or 2 and is 3% or more based on the weight of the fabric. Fabric containing. 4. A composite fiber yarn having a twist coefficient K of 3.8 to 4.5 and excellent in flame retardancy, strength and abrasion resistance is used for the warp yarn and the weft yarn, and the weave structure is twill or satin and the basis weight is 250-35
The fabric according to claim 3, which has a weight of 0 g / m ² .