JP3453684B2 - Electric motor status - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stator of an electric motor, and more particularly, to inter-coil connection of a plurality of n electric coils each exciting each pole. One of the representative examples of the present invention is an SR motor (Switched
Reluctance Motor).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art SR of 6-pole 3-phase (n = 6, m = 3)
The outline of the motor is shown in FIG. Rotor has 4 poles R1
It has R3 but is not magnetized (not a permanent magnet). An electric coil is wound around each of the six poles 1 to 6 of the stator, and as shown in FIG.
By energizing the electric coil wound around the stator pole 1 close to the rotor pole R1 and the stator pole 4 opposite thereto, the stator pole 1 becomes the S pole, The stator pole 4 is magnetized to the N pole, and the rotor has its pole R1.
Rotates clockwise so that the shortest is to the stator pole 1 and the shortest to the stator R4 is the pole R3 (see FIG. 1).
0 (a) to (b)). Next, as shown in FIG. 10B, the electric coil wound around the stator pole 2 near the rotor pole R2 and the stator pole 5 opposite thereto is energized. As a result, the stator pole 2 becomes the N pole,
The stator pole 5 is magnetized to the S pole, and the rotor has its pole R2 shortest to the stator pole 2 and pole R4 shortest to the stator pole 5. It rotates clockwise ((b) to (c) in FIG. 10). In this way, the electric coils facing each other with the rotor in between are connected in series to form one group (3 groups in total in the example of FIG. 10), and each group
The rotor rotates by selectively energizing the pumps sequentially. This SR motor is, so to speak, a rotary solenoid. The rotor is continuously rotated by monitoring the rotation angle of the rotor and switching the energization in synchronization with the rotation of the rotor. By shortening the energization switching cycle,
The rotation speed of the computer increases.

The basic structure of the SR motor was devised in the 19th century, but the technique of switching the excitation in synchronization with the rotation of the rotor was difficult, and no development as a high speed rotation motor was seen. Due to the merging of modern electronic control technology, it has recently attracted attention as a high-performance motor capable of controlling the rotation speed from low speed to high speed, and has been put into practical use. This SR motor is characterized in that its structure is simpler and more robust than the induction motor. Further, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to use an expensive metal material, and the waste of the electric coil (for example, coil end) is small. However, for high-speed rotation drive and speed control in a relatively high speed range, advanced energization timing control (low
It is necessary to switch the excitation in synchronization with the rotation of the motor.

Referring to FIG. 10, the stator poles 1 to 1 are shown.
Conventionally, the electric coils mounted on 6 have the same winding direction and the same specifications for the convenience of the winding machine or the winding work. Electric coils (in-phase, that is, electric coils of the same group) wound around the same-phase stator poles (for example, 1 and 4) are connected in series. -Connecting the winding end of one pole and the winding end of the other pole with electrical leads LP1 to LP3 (crossover wires) so that one (1) and the other (4) of the two poles have different polarities. The power supply terminals are connected to the winding start ends of both coils. Therefore, the crossover lines LP1 to LP3
Cross between different phases. That is, the first phase crossover LP
1 intersects the second-phase crossover line LP2 and the third-phase crossover line LP3.

[0005]

As a result, in order to standardize (uniformize) the crossover wires, a long one is required,
It is bent and wired depending on the place, and the electric lead wiring space becomes large. Further, at the intersection of the crossover wires, robustness is required for the insulation treatment so as to withstand abrasion due to vibration and reduce the possibility of short circuit between wires.
Further, in connection work, there is work such as bending the electric leads according to the positions where the electric leads LP1 to LP3 are arranged, and passing the electric leads through a small gap, resulting in very poor workability.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a stator having a high workability of connecting electric coils to each other, and to provide a stator having a small electric lead wiring space. Is the second purpose.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

(1) In the present invention, n poles (1 to 12), which are arranged at a constant pitch in the rotation direction of the rotor (100R) and face the rotation center (CP) of the rotor, are used. N electric coils (C1 to C12), which are arranged at substantially the same pitch as the arrangement pitch, and each excites each pole, and these electric coils are arranged in the order of their arrangement from 1st to nth. Number, m ≧ 2 (m =
3, n = 12), the electric coils (C1) of the 0th m + 1th, the mth + 1st, the second m + 1th, ... , C4, C7, C10) are connected in series to the power supply terminals (T P1e, TP1s) of the first set, the first set of electrical leads (LP11 to LP13), 0 × m + 2, m + 2, 2m + 2. , ..., and the m × m + 2th, that is, the second group of electric coils (C2, C5, C8, C11) are connected in series to the second set of power supply terminals (T P2e, TP2s). The second set of electrical leads (LP21 to LP23), ..., And the 0th m + m, the mth + mth, the 2nd m + m, ... And the mth * m + mth, that is, the mth group. A station of an electric motor (100) having an m-th set of electric leads (LP31 to LP33) for connecting the electric coils (C3, C6, C9, C12) in series to the m-th set of power supply terminals. (100S),
Each group of the electric coil has a left-handed and a right-handed electric coil (C1, C7 and C4, C10 / C) in the order of arrangement of the electric coils.
2, C8 and C5, C11 / C3, C9 and C6, C12) are alternately distributed. For ease of understanding, in parentheses, the symbols of corresponding elements in Examples shown in the drawings and described later are added for reference.

According to this, for example, in the electric coils (C1, C4, C7, C10) of the first group, the right-handed electric coils are used.
(Eg C4) winding start side terminal (E4s) and its adjacent (first
By connecting the terminal (E7e) on the winding end side of the left-handed electric coil (C7) in the group with the electric lead (LP12), the electric coil of the first group (C1, C4, C7, C10) is the first
A series of electrical leads (LP11 to LP13) are connected in series.By energizing this series connection circuit, the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the left-handed and right-handed electric coils (C1, C7 and C4, C10) is reversed. The excitation required to drive the rotor (100R) to rotate is
Join each of the tapholes (1,4,7,10). The terminals (E1s, E4s, E7s, E10s) on the winding start side of all electric coils are connected to the rotor (1
Position farther than the center of rotation (CP) of the rotor in the radial direction (00R),
The terminal on the winding end side (E1e, E4e, E7e, E10e) is the center of rotation of the rotor.
By setting the position close to (CP) (Figs. 5 and 9), or vice versa, the electrical leads (LP11 to L)
P13) is distributed in a left-handed or right-handed tightening type (Fig. 9), and the parallel electric leads (LP33, Lp12, LP22, LP32) are substantially parallel (Fig. 9) and do not cross each other.

Therefore, the electric leads (LP11 to LP13) can have the shortest same length and the same shape, and each lead
It eliminates the need for individual local bending of the leads, simplifies the electrical lead wiring work, and requires less space for lead wiring. Since they do not cross each other, there is no need to make the insulation treatment of the electrical leads exceptionally robust. Entire electric coil group (L
P11 to LP13, LP21 to LP23, LP31 to LP33), the winding start side and winding end side terminals (E1s to E12s and E1e to E) of each coil.
12e) are evenly and neatly arranged, so that the position for connecting each terminal of the electric coil and the end of the electric lead and the working process are substantially the same for all electric coils. Connection work becomes highly efficient.

As described above, the size of the stator can be further reduced, and the productivity of the stator can be improved. It is possible to provide an inexpensive stator.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(2) In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the left-handed electric coils (C1, C7 / C2, C8 / C3, C9) are the center of rotation (C) of the rotor (100R).
Looking at the pole from (P), turn the pole (1,7 / 2,8
/ 3,9), the right-handed electric coil (C
4, C10 / C5, C11 / C6, C12) is a hole (4,10 / C6)
It was wound around 4,11 / 6,12).

(3) In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the terminals (E4s, E4e) of each electric coil (for example, C4) are connected to the rotor (100R).
The terminal on the coil winding start side (E4s) that protrudes in the direction of the coil axis in the direction in which the axis of rotation of the coil extends (vertical direction in the plane of Fig. 6)
Is far from the center position (CP) of the rotor (100R), and the terminal (E4e) on the winding end side is near the center position (CP) of the rotor (100R) (Fig. 9).

(4) In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electric leads (for example, LP12) of the respective sets are provided in the same group.
The winding start side terminal (E) of one of the left-handed coil and the right-handed coil (C4) that are adjacent to each other in the arrangement order of the electric coils (C1, C4, C7, C10).
4s) and the other terminal (C7) on the winding end side (E7e) are connected.

Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the drawings.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows the state of an SR motor having a number of stator poles n = 12, three phases (m = 3) and a number of rotor poles 8.
The end portion of the switch 100S on the connection side between electric coils is shown. 12
The individual stator poles 1 to 12 are distributed at a pitch of 360 ° / 12 around the rotation center CP of the rotor (not shown). The stator core is generally ring-shaped and has a pole 1
The tongue pieces corresponding to .about.12 are a plurality of thin electromagnetic steel plates which are projected toward the center of the circle and are laminated in the direction in which the rotation axis of the rotor extends (direction orthogonal to the plane of FIG. 1).

In each of the stator poles 1 to 12,
Each of the electric coils (C1 to C12: FIG. 5) is mounted. Winding end of electric coil (E1s to E12
s: FIG. 1, FIG. 5, FIG. 9) and end of winding (E1e to E12)
e: FIGS. 1, 5 and 9) are equipped with terminal blocks T1s to T12s and T1e to T12e (FIG. 1), respectively. All terminal blocks have the same dimensions and specifications and are standardized. The ends of the electric coils and the electric leads (LP11 to LP13, LP21 to LP23, L
P31 to LP33: It has a hole through which the end part of FIG. 9) overlaps, and a screw for integrally tightening the electric coil end part and the electric lead end part in the hole, and by tightening the screw, Electric coil end (eg E4s), electric lead (LP1
2: End part of FIG. 9) and terminal block (T4s)
Are integrated.

FIG. 2 shows an end surface of the rotor 100R placed in the inner space of the stator shown in FIG. 1, and FIG.
00R shows a vertical cross section. Rotor 100R is the central CP
Centered on the center, and eight poles R1 to R8 distributed at a pitch of 360 ° / 8 and protruding outward in the radial direction. The core of this rotor 100R is also substantially ring-shaped and has a pole R
A plurality of thin electromagnetic steel plates having tongues corresponding to 1 to R8 protruding in the direction away from the center of the circle are laminated in the direction in which the rotation axis of the rotor extends.

FIG. 4 shows a vertical cross section of an SR motor in which the rotor 100R shown in FIG. 3 is incorporated into the stator 100S shown in FIG.

In FIG. 5, electric coils C1 to C12 are attached to the stator core during the assembly before the stator 100S shown in FIG. 1, but the electric coils are not connected. , Is shown. Electric coils C1 to C12
Are left-handed C1 to C3, C7 to C9 and right-handed C4 to C6 and C10 to C12. Figure 5
6A shows a plan view of the coil C4 seen from the center CP of the rotor during the assembling shown in FIG. 6A, and FIG. 6A shows a state in which the coil holders CH3 and CH4 between the stator poles are removed therefrom.
(B) of. In FIG. 6, the vertical direction of the paper is the rotor 1.
This is the direction in which the axis of rotation of 00R extends.

Please refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. Right-handed (CP
From the perspective, the electric coil C4 (circling the stator pole (4) clockwise) (other right-handed coils C5, C6, C10)
The same applies to ~ C12), a coil wire whose cross section is rectangular,
From the winding start end E4s so as to surround the left and right side surfaces and the upper and lower surfaces of the rectangular parallelepiped (the trunk of the stator), as shown in FIG.
In Fig. 6, the winding start end E4s and the winding end end E4e are wound in the clockwise direction up to the winding end end E4e, and both are in the vertical direction (direction in which the rotation axis of the rotor extends). On the same end side of the electric coil, it projects in the vertical direction and the insulation at the tip is stripped. Terminal blocks T4s and T4e are attached to the stripping portion,
Since the electric lead arrangement space is provided between the terminal blocks T4s and T4e and the end surface of the electric coil, the projecting length of the end portion of the electric coil depends on the terminal blocks T4s and T4e.
It is a little long so that the stripping part can pass through the hole (Fig. 1). This electric coil C4 moves the winding start end E4s away from the center of rotation CP of the rotor (close to the ring-shaped trunk of the stator core), so that the end of winding E4e is close to the center of rotation CP. (On the tip side of the stator pole), the stator pole 4 is mounted. Left-handed electric coil C1
For example, when the electric coil C1 is taken as an example, the coils C3 and C7 to C9 are wound in a counterclockwise direction from the winding start end E1s to the winding end end E1e when the electric coil C1 is viewed from the rotation center CP. The start end E1s and the winding end E1e both project in the vertical direction on the same end side in the vertical direction (direction in which the rotation axis of the rotor extends), like the right-handed electric coil. The insulation is stripped. The protruding length is a little long so as to pass through the holes of the terminal blocks T1s, T1e (FIG. 1). In this electric coil C1, the winding start end E1s is moved away from the rotation center CP of the rotor (close to the ring-shaped trunk of the stator core), so that the winding end end E1e is close to the rotation center CP. (On the tip end side of the stator pole), it is mounted on the stator pole 1. The difference between the right-handed and left-handed electric coils is as described above, and other dimensions, shapes and the like are the same.

FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show the connection relationship of the above-mentioned electric coils. The electric coil energization loop is shown in FIGS. For example, regarding the electric coils C1, C4, C7, and C10 of the first phase (first group), FIG.
, The electric coil C1, from the power supply terminal TP1e
The current flows through C4, C7, and C10 in this order to reach the power supply terminal TP1s, or in the opposite direction. As shown in FIG. 9, the electric lead LP13 connects the electric coils C1 and C4, the electric lead LP12 connects the electric coils C4 and C7, and the electric lead LP11 connects the electric coils C7 and C10. Connecting. These electric leads LP11 to LP13 are
The wire is substantially the same as the coil wire of the electric coil, and its both ends are bent at a substantially right angle so as to be inserted into the holes of the terminal block, and the ends are arcuate as shown in FIGS. 1 and 9. Has become. All of them have the same size and the same shape, and the bent legs at both ends are directed outward (direction from the inside of the stator to the outside along the rotation axis of the rotor). As shown in FIG. 5, it is fixed to the terminal block together with the end of the electric coil. Therefore, in FIG. 1, the end face of the end of the electric coil and the end face of the end of the electric lead appear to be joined to the hole of the terminal block.

Referring to FIG. 1, the first phase (first group)
The electric coil connecting ends of the terminals TP1s and TP1e for supplying electric power to the electric coils C1, C4, C7, and C10 of (b) are substantially the same as the ends of the electric coils (the ends of the electric leads are also substantially electric). It has the same shape as the end of the coil), and one of them, TP1s, is a winding start end E1 of the electric coil C10.
It is fixed at terminal block T10s at 0s. On the other hand, TP1e is the winding end E1e of the electric coil C1.
Are fixed (connected) at the terminal block T1e. Similarly, the second phase (second group) electric coil C
Terminal TP2 for supplying power to 2, C5, C8 and C11
One of s and TP2e, TP2s, is fixed to the winding start end E11s of the electric coil C11 by a terminal block T11s. On the other hand, TP2e is fixed to the winding end E2e of the electric coil C2 by a terminal block T2e. Similarly, a terminal TP3 for supplying power to the third-phase (third group) electric coils C3, C6, C9, C12.
One of s and TP3e, TP3s, is fixed to the winding start end E12s of the electric coil C12 by a terminal block T12s. On the other hand, TP3e is fixed to the winding end E3e of the electric coil C3 by a terminal block T3e.

When one of the first-phase power supply terminals TP1s and TP1e TP1e is connected to the positive electrode of the power source and the other TP1s is connected to the negative electrode of the power source, the stator poles 1, 7 are S poles, 4, 10
Becomes the N pole. Next, the second phase power supply terminals TP2s and TP2
If one TP2e of the e is connected to the positive electrode of the power source and the other TP2s is connected to the positive electrode of the power source and the power supply terminal of the first phase is cut off from the power source, the stator poles 2, 8 are the N poles and 5, 11 are the S poles. Becomes Next, one of the third-phase power supply terminals TP3s and TP3e T
If P3e is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply and TP3s is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, and the second phase power supply terminal is disconnected from the power supply,
The tapholes 3, 9 are south poles, and 6, 12 are north poles. By repeating this, the magnetic field rotates in the internal space of the stator.

According to the embodiment described above, all the electric coils are of two types, a right-handed type and a left-handed type, when the winding start end (or winding end) is determined on the inner side as viewed from the rotor. And the winding end (winding end) of any of the electric coils is located on the front side as viewed from the rotor. And the connection between the electric coils in the same group (same phase) is performed by winding start end (E4) of one (for example, C4) of adjacent electric coils in the connection order.
Since the winding end end (E7e) of the other (C7) is connected to s) by the electric lead (LP12), the electric lead (LP12)
Is approximately 1/4 arc, one end of which is connected to the winding start end of one electric coil, and the other end of the electric lead is connected to the winding end end of the other electric coil. This is common to all phases and all electric coils.

As shown in FIG. 9, electric coils C4 and C5
And at the end of C6, the electrical leads are the most crowded (there are four electrical leads), which are automatically connected by the electrical lead connection described above, as shown in FIG. As shown, the rotors are separated from each other in the radial direction, and the electric leads do not intersect in the radial direction of the rotor. Therefore, it is not necessary to bend each of the electric leads to bend them partially,
Electric lead connection work is simplified and standardized, resulting in high work efficiency. In addition, the space occupied by the electric lead is small,
The size of the computer can be reduced.

Electrical leads LP11 to LP13, LP21
-LP23, LP31-LP33 are substantially the same as the wire material of the electric coil, and they are substantially 1/4 circular arcs and project at substantially right angles at both ends, and through legs to the terminal block are formed. Same specifications, and power supply terminals TP1s, TP1e / TP2s, TP2e / TP3
Also in s and TP3e, the electric coil connecting end has substantially the same shape as the end of the electric coil, and the terminal blocks T1s to T12s and T1e to T12e all have the same specifications and the end of the electric coil is the same. Since it has a hole for inserting the ends of the electric lead and the electric lead in an overlapping manner and a screw for tightening and crimping both ends in this hole, both the electric lead connection (connection between electric coils) and the power supply terminal connection Since the connection work is substantially the same, the efficiency and reliability of the electric coil connection work are high. In this example,
The connection between the electric coil, the electric lead and the power supply terminal is made by the terminal block and the tightening screw, but they may be made by soldering, welding or the like. In this case, since the connection position is fixed, the connection work can be easily automated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a station for an SR motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
It is a front view which shows the end surface of the blade.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing an end surface of a rotor inserted into the inner space of the stator shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the rotor shown in FIG.

4 is a vertical sectional view of an SR motor in which the rotor shown in FIG. 2 is incorporated into the stator shown in FIG.

5 is a front view showing a state of the stator shown in FIG. 1 before the assembling as shown in FIG. 1 and before connection between electric coils.

FIG. 6 (a) is a diagram showing the electric coil C4 shown in FIG.
It is the front view seen from the rotation center CP of the rotor, and (b) shows the state where the coil holders CH3 and CH4 are removed.

FIG. 7 is a development view of a stator coil connection showing a connection relationship between electric coils when the electric coils C1 to C12 shown in FIG. 5 are connected as shown in FIG.

8 is a phase system diagram showing each phase energization loop in a state where the electric coils C1 to C12 shown in FIG. 5 are connected as shown in FIG.

9 is a front view showing the distribution of the electrical leads LP11 for coil-to-coil connection when the electric coils C1 to C12 shown in FIG. 5 are connected as shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing an outline of a conventional SR motor.

[Explanation of symbols]

100S: Staters 1 to 12: Stator poles C1 to C12: Electric coils E1s to E12s: Winding ends E1e to E12e: Winding ends LP11 to LP13, LP21 to LP23, LP31 to
LP33: Electric leads CH3, CH4: Coil holders T1s to T12s, T1e to T12e: Terminal blocks TP1s, TP1e / TP2s, TP2e / TP3s,
TP3e: Power supply terminal 100R: Rotor CP: Rotation center of the rotor R1 to R8: Rotor pole 100: SR motor

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02K 3/18 H02K 3/50

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. Arranged at a constant pitch in the direction of rotation of the rotor, and n poles facing the center of rotation of the rotor, arranged at substantially the same pitch as the arrangement pitch of the respective poles. , Number n electric coils for exciting each pole, and numbering these electric coils 1 to n in the order in which they are arranged, and when m ≧ 2, 0 × m + 1, m + 1, 2m + 1, ..., And m × m + 1, that is, the first group of electric coils are connected in series to the first set of power supply terminals. -, No. 0xm + 2, No. m + 2, No. 2m + 2, ..., And No. mxm + 2, that is, a second group in which the electric coils of the second group are connected in series to the power supply terminals of the second set.・ Electric leads, ・ ・ ・, and 0xm + m, m + m, 2m + m, ... .. and the m.times.m + m.sup.th, ie, m-th group of electric leads for connecting the m-th group of electric coils to the m-th group of power supply terminals in series, In the motor, each group of the electric coil is characterized in that the left-handed and right-handed electric coils are alternately distributed in the arrangement order of the electric coils. . 2. The left-handed electric coil is wound around the pole counterclockwise when the pole is viewed from the center of rotation of the rotor, and the right-handed electric coil is a timepiece. The stator of an electric motor according to claim 1, which is wound around a pole around a direction. 3. The terminals of each electric coil project in the direction of extension of the rotation axis of the rotor in the coil end portion, and the terminals on the coil winding start side are located far from the rotor and on the winding end side. The electric motor stator according to claim 2, wherein the terminal is located near the rotor. 4. Each of the sets of electric leads includes a terminal on one winding end side and a winding start side of the other of the left-handed and right-handed coils which are adjacent to each other in the order of arrangement of the electric coils in the same group. Claim 2 or Claim 3 which connects with the terminal of the side.
The described electric motor stator.