JP3449819B2 - Foaming composition for dust generation prevention - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the dismantling of industrial equipment and the like, and the transfer of powder such as coal, coke, ore, mining earth and sand, and the like.
In addition, when removing building waste that has been partially or totally damaged due to an earthquake or the like and has been deposited, a highly stable foam is generated at the required locations to prevent scattering of dust and prevent environmental degradation. The present invention relates to a foaming composition for preventing dust generation. [0002] In order to dismantle or remove industrial equipment or other various structures, there is a method in which the entire structure is collapsed at once using explosives or the like. In many cases, an object is cut into blocks of an appropriate size, and the block is peeled off from the structure body and dropped onto the ground. Then, while the cut block or the dismantled object falls, the powdery substance adhering to the surface is peeled off and scattered in the air as dust, and when they collide with the ground, they are crushed to generate dust. However, especially in densely populated areas, it is required to prevent these dusts from scattering around. [0003] As a method of preventing the scattering of dust,
There is a method in which the work environment is surrounded by a sheet-like material to perform the work. It is inevitable that it will scatter. Some of the structures to be dismantled contain asbestos, and this asbestos is toxic to the human body and must not be released to the atmosphere. For this reason, when dismantling a structure containing asbestos, not only the sheet-like material is enclosed, but also the structure itself is treated to prevent scattering of asbestos during dismantling and crushing. For example, as the above means, a method of impregnating the structure by spraying water,
A method of forming a coating made of a resin emulsion such as latex on the surface of a structure, a method of infiltrating a solidifying agent mainly composed of an acrylic copolymer emulsion or the like into a structure to solidify the inside, and partially forming the structure There is a method in which the dust is collected through a dust collector by sucking the internal gas in a completely sealed state. [0004] However, the above-mentioned method of impregnating water has little effect when the structure is made of a material having low water absorption. In addition, when composed of highly water-absorbing material, it absorbs a large amount of water and increases its weight, which makes handling after disassembly worse,
It takes a lot of time for transportation. In addition, when this is incinerated, extra fuel cost is required due to evaporation of the absorbed water. Further, since a large amount of water is sprinkled, the work site is flooded, and the working environment is extremely poor. In the method of forming a coating such as a resin emulsion, it is difficult to form an effective coating if the surface of the structure is rough or a large amount of dust adheres to the surface. Furthermore, the coating must wait until it solidifies after drying after application of a resin solution or the like. In addition, resin liquid and the like are expensive. In addition, even if this method can prevent the generation of dust from the surface on which the coating is formed, it cannot prevent the generation of dust from the crushed end surface that occurs when the surface is dropped and collides with the ground. Further, in the method using the solidifying agent, it takes a long time for the solidifying agent to penetrate into the structure and solidify. Further, when the material is made of a material having low permeability, there is almost no effect, and the solidifying agent is expensive. In the method of collecting dust with a dust collector while partially closing the above-mentioned structure completely, the dust collecting property may be perfect, but very small portions must be performed. An enormous amount of time is required to dismantle the whole, and the construction cost is enormous. As described above, in the above-mentioned methods, it is impossible to prevent dust such as asbestos from being easily scattered during dismantling and crushing in a short time, and a method capable of solving this problem is desired. Was. [0005] On the other hand, when removing construction waste material that has been partially or totally damaged due to an earthquake or the like and accumulated, and when transferring coal, coke, ore, mined earth and sand, etc. at a factory or site, The generated dust deteriorates the working environment and causes environmental pollution. JP-A-6-3
Japanese Patent Publication No. 30682 discloses dust floating in the air generated at a face portion of a tunnel construction or the like.
No. 4 proposes a method in which dust generated by the transfer of coal, coke, ore, and other solid substances is adsorbed, captured, and removed by foam, respectively. However, since each of the above foams is simply made of an activator or a detergent, it breaks down in a short time and returns to an aqueous solution. A large amount of foam was required. In addition, it is extremely troublesome to coat the foam again during the operation in this way, and this has caused a delay in the entire operation. In addition, the generated dust is absorbed,
There was also a problem that the capturing effect was not sufficient. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and is an aqueous solution containing a surfactant and a water-soluble polymer resin as active ingredients, and has a viscosity not exceeding 100 cps. relates dust prevention foam composition, characterized in that the, with pressure gas such as compressed air the composition injection pressure 1-5 kg / cm ^2, to generate foam by ejection from the nozzle tip, the dusting By covering the source, dust generation is suppressed. As the surfactant used in the present invention, any of anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants can be used, and one or more surfactants are appropriately selected and used. be able to. In addition, the water-soluble polymer resin used in the present invention has a function of stabilizing foam, uniformity of foam, and an action of increasing foam adhesiveness, and for example, a cellulose-based resin such as methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and hydroxyalkylcellulose. , Polyethylene oxide polymer resin,
Starch such as starch, carboxymethyl starch and dialdehyde starch, aqueous rubber such as polyvinyl alcohol, acrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, sodium alginate, gum arabic, tran gum, gelatin, gazein, xanthan cancer, collagen, agar, saponin One or more of natural or synthetic water-soluble polymer resins such as, can be appropriately selected and used. The foaming composition of the present invention contains the above surfactant and a water-soluble polymer resin as active ingredients, and has a viscosity of 100 cp.
Although the aqueous solution does not exceed s, the viscosity at the time of dissolution significantly varies depending on the type of the water-soluble polymer resin used. For example, a polyacrylamide-based solution becomes a high viscosity aqueous solution of several hundred cps even with a 0.1% aqueous solution, and a few cps even with a 1% aqueous solution such as a polyethylene oxide-based solution.
In some cases, a low viscosity aqueous solution may be obtained. [0009] Even if the viscosity of the foamed composition of the present invention is within the above range, the lower the viscosity, the easier it is to foam and the more easily it scatters from the nozzle, so that a uniform foam is formed, and the foam is sprayed over a wide range. It is convenient when you let it. On the other hand, the generated foam has poor stability, easily breaks and flows easily. [0010] Further, when the viscosity is high, foaming becomes difficult, and the air pressure to be jetted is high.
Although the injection pressure needs to be about 1 to 5 kg / cm ² ), the generated foam is extremely stable and a high-viscosity foam can be obtained, so that dust generation can be suppressed for a long time. On the other hand, it is difficult to spread over a wide area. As described above, the viscosity can be appropriately adjusted to a predetermined value by appropriately selecting the components of the foam composition of the present invention, and the viscosity may be adjusted according to the purpose. According to the experience of the present inventors, in the use of the practical injection pressure, the upper limit is 100 cps, and the lower limit is not to be specified, but it is sufficient if the viscosity is at least water (1 cps) or more. Desirably, it is 2-70 cps. The mixing ratio of the surfactant and the water-soluble polymer resin in the foaming composition of the present invention is such that the surfactant is 5 to 5 in the aqueous solution.
The composition having the above-mentioned viscosity can be obtained by appropriately mixing 20% and the water-soluble polymer resin in a range of 5% or less, and is not particularly limited. Further, by adding an alkali to the aqueous solution so that the pH of the aqueous solution does not exceed 10.0,
Foam generation can be promoted. The foaming composition and the gas having the above-mentioned constitution are supplied to a foam generator appropriately constituted by a liquid feed pump, an air compressor, a gas-liquid mixing device, various adjusting valves, injection nozzles and the like, and are operated. It generates foam,
By changing the operating conditions of the foam generator in various ways, it is possible to adjust the desired foam generation amount, foam expansion ratio and the like. Although air is generally used as the gas, carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, or the like may be used. The foam generated by the foam composition of the present invention is stably present in a foam state without returning to an aqueous solution for a long time, and has high viscosity. Therefore, the foam itself has good adhesiveness and is excellent in dust adsorption. In addition, the foam becomes uniform in size and fine foam. For example, when the foaming composition of the present invention is used for dismantling industrial equipment or the like, the structure may be dismantled while covering the surface of the foam, or a large amount of foam may be provided below the structure. May be provided, and the disassembled portion may be dropped on the foam collecting portion, or they may be performed simultaneously. Further, the structure may be surrounded by a net-like sheet material, and the structure may be disassembled with foam attached to the sheet material. In any case, the generation of dust due to disassembly or dropping can be prevented, or the generated dust can be reliably absorbed and captured to prevent the dust from scattering to the surrounding environment. Therefore, even if asbestos or the like is used for the structure, no dust pollution is caused. The foam collecting section may be a storage tank filled with foam in an appropriate container or storage tank, or may be a pile of piles raised on the ground by using the non-fluidity of foam, A fence may be driven into the fence to provide a fence open at the top to serve as a foam storage tank. In particular, since the foam generated by the foaming composition of the present invention is stable for a long time as described above, it is not necessary to break the foam during the work and to cover the foam again, so that the work can be performed smoothly. . In addition, the foam itself is highly viscous and has good adhesion, so that it is less susceptible to wind and the like. Furthermore, since it is excellent in the adsorptivity of dust, scattering of dust can be surely prevented. Further, the foamed composition of the present invention may be used for removing construction waste material that has been partially or entirely damaged and deposited by an earthquake or the like, or may be used for coal, coke, ore, etc. in factories and sites. Alternatively, when used for transporting mined soil, etc., if dust is removed and transported with foam deposited on the surface of deposited building waste, coal, coke, ore, or mined soil, etc., dust generation and generated dust Can be prevented from scattering. In particular, in areas where structures have collapsed over a wide area due to earthquakes or the like, work may not be able to be performed promptly due to road cuts, etc., but foam generated by the foam composition of the present invention is stable for a long time as described above. Therefore, the work is not hindered. In addition, when transferring ore having ignitability, it also plays a role of preventing ignition in addition to preventing scattering of dust. In this case, the above-described effect may be improved by using nitrogen gas or the like to generate foam. As described above, the foamed composition of the present invention can be easily and quickly dismantled in industrial facilities, etc., remove accumulated building waste, transfer powder such as coal, etc. The scattering of dust can be easily prevented only by interposing foam. EXAMPLES Example 1 5% of polyoxyethylene nonylphenol triethanolamine sulfate, 2% of polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether, 0.3% of carboxymethyl cellulose, and the balance water were mixed. No. 1 foam composition (viscosity 10 cps). This was supplied to a gas-liquid mixing section of a foam generator, and was blown out from a nozzle by compressed air having an air pressure of 3 kg / cm ² to generate foam.
One liter of the above composition produced 50 liters of foam. This foam remained as a foam of 50% or more even after 30 minutes. When the building was collapsed in a state where the foam was spray-coated on the entire surface of the demolished building (block wall structure), scattering of dust was extremely small. Example 2 10% of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 0.05% of sodium polyacrylate
The remaining water was mixed, and the foamed composition of Example 2 (viscosity 4 cp)
s). Compressed air pressure 3 kg / cm as in Example 1.
^{In 2} , 60 liters of foam was generated with 1 liter of the foam composition. The generated foam remains 5 even after 30 minutes.
It remained as 0% or more foam. When the foam was covered on a block and dropped naturally on a concrete surface from a height of 10 m, the block was finely broken, but no dust was scattered at the time of breaking. Blocks that did not cover the foam had severe dust scattering. Example 3 10% triethanolamine lauryl sulfate and 3.6% aqueous solution of caustic soda (10%)
And 0.1% of carboxymethylcellulose, 0.2% of methylparaben (methyl benzoate), and the balance of water were mixed to obtain a foamed composition of Example 3 (viscosity 7 cps).
As in Example 1, 50 liters of foam was generated with a 1 liter liquid of the foaming composition at a compressed air pressure of 3 kg / cm ² . As a result of testing the generated foam using a block in the same manner as in Example 2, similar effects were observed. Example 4 Triethanolamine lauryl sulfate 7%, N-coconut oil fatty acid acyl-N-carboxymethyl-N-hydroxyethylethylenediamine soda (imidazoline type activator) aqueous solution 3%, carboxymethyl cellulose 0.1% Example 4 was prepared by mixing 1% with the balance of water and adjusting the pH to 8.5 to 9 with triethanolamine.
(Viscosity 5 cps). As in Example 1, 50 liters of foam was generated with a 1 liter liquid of the foaming composition at a compressed air pressure of 3 kg / cm ² . The generated foam was tested on a demolished building as in Example 1,
Similar results were obtained. Example 5 The foamed composition of Example 5 (viscosity: 50 cps) was prepared by mixing 0.8% of carboxymethylcellulose in the composition of Example 1. This was ejected with 5 kg / cm ² of compressed air. The foam was extremely viscous and could not be sprayed over a wide area, but could be intensively and efficiently sprayed. The foam was extremely stable, adhered to the surface of the building material for a long time, and exhibited an effect of preventing dust generation. Comparative Example 10% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was used as the foam composition of the comparative example. Next, at a compressed air pressure of 4 kg / cm ² , an attempt was made to generate 20 liters of foam with 1 liter of the foaming composition, but a large amount of non-foaming liquid was present. Also, the generated foam almost disappeared in 5 minutes, and flowed off in 1 minute on the upright surface. Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be implemented in any manner unless the configuration described in the claims is changed. Can be. As described above, the foam composition of the present invention can stably exist in the form of a foam without returning to an aqueous solution for a long time, and can produce a highly viscous foam. In addition, the foam itself has good adhesiveness, is excellent in adsorbing dust, is uniform in size, and becomes a fine foam. Therefore,
For example, by covering the surface of the structure with the foam when dismantling industrial equipment or the like, the structure can be dismantled while preventing scattering of dust such as toxic substances such as asbestos. Also, because it does not spray water as in the conventional method,
The object can be easily and promptly disassembled without increasing the weight of the object to be destroyed due to water absorption or the like, making it difficult to handle after the treatment or deteriorating the working environment. In addition, when removing building waste that is partially or entirely damaged and accumulated due to an earthquake or the like, by covering the foam with the foam on the surface of the building waste, it can be removed while preventing scattering of dust. . Further, when transferring coal, coke, ore, mined earth and sand, and the like in a factory or a site, the foam can be coated on the surface of the coal or the like, so that the dust can be transferred while being prevented from scattering.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-239986 (JP, A) JP-A-5-149078 (JP, A) JP-A-4-312693 (JP, A) JP-A-6-1994 279228 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21B 21/14 B01F 17/52 C08K 5/00 C08L 101/14 E04G 23/08

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] Compressed air having an injection pressure of 1 to 5 kg / cm ²
Spouted together to generate foam, covering the source of dust
Foam for preventing dust generation by reducing dust generation
What is claimed is: 1. A dust-preventing foaming composition, which is an aqueous solution containing a surfactant and a water-soluble polymer resin as active ingredients, and has a viscosity not exceeding 100 cps.