JP3441369B2 - Material testing machine - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hydraulically controlled material testing machine equipped with a ram that operates by receiving hydraulic pressure to apply a load to a specimen.

[0002]

2. Related Background Art A hydraulically controlled material testing machine equipped with a ram that receives hydraulic pressure to operate to apply a load to a specimen is constructed, for example, as shown in FIG. Testing machine body 1
Is a ram 3 provided on a bed (base) 2, a table 4 provided on the ram 3 and moved up and down, and an upper crosshead 6 attached to a column 5 standing on the table 4. And the upper cross head 6 and the table 4
And a lower crosshead 8 which is positioned between the upper and lower sides and which is screwed onto the feed screw 7 erected on the bed 2 and whose vertical position is adjusted. The specimen S is held between the upper crosshead 6 and the lower crosshead 8 via chucks 9, 9 and a tensile load is applied to the specimen S as the ram 3 operates. Alternatively, a sample S (not shown) is held between the table 4 and the lower crosshead 8 and the sample S is moved along with the operation of the ram 3.
It is to add compression load to.

Therefore, the dynamometer 10 for controlling the operation of the tester main body 1 has a hydraulic servo valve 13 for supplying the ram 3 with the pressure oil sent from the oil tank 11 via the pump 12 and the ram 3. A hydraulic circuit including a discharge valve 14 for discharging the supplied pressure oil at high speed and returning it to the oil tank 11 is provided.
It is provided with a function of adjusting the hydraulic pressure in the ram 3, in other words, the load applied to the sample S by controlling the operation of. The operations of the hydraulic servo valve 13 and the discharge valve 14 are controlled by a control unit 17 that operates according to a control instruction from a manual operation unit 15 or an automatic operation unit 16, respectively.

The hydraulic servo valve 13 generally has a small capacity in order to control the hydraulic pressure in the ram 3 with high accuracy. Therefore, the hydraulic servo valve 1
It cannot be denied that it takes time to discharge the pressure oil from the ram 3 via the ram 3. The discharge valve 14 is provided in parallel with the hydraulic circuit formed by the hydraulic servo valve 13 in order to supplement the discharge capacity of the pressure oil from the ram 3 via the hydraulic servo valve 13. In addition, the pressure oil is discharged from the ram 3 at a high speed to play a role of returning the ram 3 to the origin position at a high speed.

A measuring unit 18 provided in the dynamometer 10
Detects the load applied to the sample S via the pressure cell 31 incorporated in the tester body 1, and
The displacement (elongation) generated in the specimen S is detected through the displacement meter 32 incorporated in the tester body 1, and the material characteristic of the specimen S is obtained from the relationship between the load and the displacement (elongation). Play a role.

[0006]

By the way, the manual operation part 15 is provided with a manual operation dial (manual operation device) 21 provided on the operation panel of the dynamometer 10 as shown in FIG. The manual operation dial 21 is manually operated (manually operated) to control the operation of the hydraulic servo valve 13 and supply pressure oil to the ram 3 to increase the oil pressure (LO
AD), holding of hydraulic pressure (HOLD), discharge of the pressure oil from the ram 3 (RETERN) in order to reduce the hydraulic pressure are continuously instructed, and the operation of the hydraulic servo valve 13 according to the operating position. (Valve opening direction and degree of valve opening) is manually controlled.

The automatic operation unit 16 includes a test condition setting switch (not shown) incorporated in the operation panel and a high speed return switch (high speed return switch) which is selectively pressed to instruct the operation of the discharge valve 14. Button) 22. When the automatic test mode is designated via the automatic operation unit 16, the operation of the hydraulic servo valve 13 is automatically controlled according to the set test conditions. Particularly, the high-speed return switch 22 is operated, for example, at the time of an emergency stop during the execution of the material test in the automatic test mode or at the end of the material test on the specimen S, and the discharge valve 1
4 is actuated to quickly release the hydraulic pressure of the ram 3 and quickly return the ram 3 to the original position.

However, if the high speed return switch 22 is operated while the hydraulic pressure of the ram 3 is manually controlled by operating the manual operation dial 21,
Since it is necessary to remove the hand from the manual operation dial 21, it cannot be denied that there is a time delay in the operation. Moreover, since the operation modes of the manual operation dial 21 and the high-speed return switch 22 are different, there is a problem in terms of operability.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a material testing machine which simplifies and effectively improves its operability.

That is, according to the present invention, only by operating the manual operation dial, the hydraulic pressure of the ram can be quickly released by adaptively operating the discharge valve, and the ram can be quickly returned to the origin position with good operability. The purpose is to provide a new material testing machine.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a material testing machine according to the present invention comprises a testing machine main body having a ram which receives hydraulic pressure to operate to apply a load to a specimen, and the ram. A hydraulic servo valve for controlling the hydraulic pressure of the ram by adjusting the amount of pressure oil to be supplied, a discharge valve for discharging the pressure oil supplied to the ram at high speed, and an operation of the hydraulic servo valve and the discharge valve, respectively. A control unit for controlling, particularly as the control unit, according to the operating position of a manual operation device that is manually operated to continuously instruct supply / holding / discharging of pressure oil to / from the ram. A manual operation means for manually operating the hydraulic servo valve, and a high-speed ram returning means for operating the discharge valve when the manual operation device is operated to a pressure oil discharge maximum position. There.

That is, the present invention incorporates a discharge valve operation instructing function into one of the functions of the manual operation device, and when the manual operation device is operated to the pressure oil discharge maximum position, the operation of the discharge valve is performed. By grasping as an instruction, even if the high-speed return button for instructing the operation of the discharge valve is not operated, the discharge valve is operated in the process of a series of manual operations by the manual operation device. It is characterized by that.

Further, according to the present invention, as described in claim 2,
As the high-speed ram return means, a means for operating the discharge valve when the high-speed return button is further operated is additionally provided, so that the manual operation device having the above-mentioned function is not operated, that is, the automatic control is performed. When the material test is executed in the mode, the discharge valve can be easily operated by using the high-speed return button without the need to manually operate the manual operation device.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION With reference to the drawings, a material testing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, in particular, a configuration of a hydraulic control system for an operating portion and a ram in a dynamometer will be described below.

The material testing machine according to this embodiment is basically constructed as shown in FIG. 1, and has a manual operation dial 21 and a high speed return switch 22 as shown in FIG. 2 on an operation panel. In particular, this material testing machine is characterized by the function of the manual operation dial 21 for manually controlling the operation of the hydraulic circuit for controlling the hydraulic pressure of the ram 3 as shown in FIG. , The manual operation dial 21 is set to the maximum pressure oil discharge position (RETERN-MAX) as shown in the relationship with the hydraulic control in the hydraulic circuit.
When operated in the above condition, this is interpreted as an instruction for high-speed discharge of the pressure oil from the ram 3, and the discharge valve 14 is operated.

That is, the manual operation dial 21 is basically set at its neutral operation position as a control mode position for instructing to hold the hydraulic pressure by the pressure oil supplied to the ram 3. . When the manual operation dial 21 is turned clockwise from the neutral operation position, pressure oil is supplied (LOAD) to the ram 3 via the hydraulic servo valve 13 to increase the oil pressure. Is set. In particular, the increase in the hydraulic pressure is set so as to increase as the manual operation dial 21 is largely turned clockwise.

When the manual operation dial 21 is turned counterclockwise from the neutral operation position, the pressure oil supplied to the ram 3 is discharged via the hydraulic servo valve 13 (RETERN), A control mode for reducing the hydraulic pressure is set. In particular, this decrease in hydraulic pressure is set so as to increase as the manual operation dial 21 is greatly rotated counterclockwise. Such increase and decrease of the hydraulic pressure by the operation of the manual operation dial 21 is continuously instructed while holding the above-mentioned hydraulic pressure, and it depends on the operation position of the manual operation dial 21. The operation of the hydraulic servo valve 13 is controlled to manually control the hydraulic pressure of the ram 3.

However, when the manual operation dial 21 is rotated to the maximum position in the counterclockwise direction, the discharge valve 14 is activated in response to this. When the discharge valve 14 is operated, the pressure oil supplied to the ram 3 is discharged at high speed through the discharge valve 14, the hydraulic pressure of the ram 3 is quickly released, and the ram 3 is quickly returned to the original position. ing. That is, when the manual operation dial 21 is operated to the maximum discharge position, the discharge valve 14 is operated even if the high speed return switch 22 is not operated. Incidentally, since the manual operation dial 21 acts to increase the discharge amount of the pressure oil as it is rotated counterclockwise, even if the discharge valve 14 is operated at the maximum discharge position, the pressure oil from the ram 3 is Emissions are carried out without any discomfort during the series of emission control processes. Therefore, its operability is also good.

The hydraulic control in the control section 17 based on the operation of the manual operation dial 21 will be described below. This hydraulic control is generally executed according to the procedure shown in FIG.

That is, this process is started by first determining whether the automatic (AUTO) control mode is set or the manual (MANUAL) control mode is set [step S1]. When the AUTO control mode is set, the hydraulic servo valve 13 is automatically controlled under the preset test control condition to automatically control the ram 3
The supply, retention, and discharge of pressure oil to the ram 3 is controlled.
The hydraulic pressure of is adjusted [step S2]. Such automatic control of the hydraulic servo valve 13 is performed by the high speed return switch 2 described above.
While determining whether or not 2 is operated [Step S
3], it is repeatedly executed until the automatic control mode is released.

However, when the high-speed return switch 22 is operated during the operation process in the automatic control mode [step S3], the discharge valve 14 is operated to increase the pressure oil supplied to the ram 3 at high speed. To discharge [step S4]. Then, the hydraulic pressure of the ram 3 is released and the ram 3
After returning to the home position (ram return), the discharge valve 1
4 is released to end the processing operation [Step S
5].

On the other hand, when the manual control mode is set [step S1], first, the manual operation dial 2 is used.
The operation position 1 is detected [step S6]. From the detected operation position of the manual operation dial 21, whether holding of the hydraulic pressure of the ram 3 (HOLD) is instructed or further, increase of the hydraulic pressure by supplying (LOAD) pressure oil to the ram 3 is instructed respectively. Judge [Steps S7, S
8]. When it is instructed to hold the hydraulic pressure, it is not necessary to control the displacement of the hydraulic servo valve 13 from its neutral position, that is, the holding position (closed position with respect to the hydraulic circuit). Return to the processing procedure shown in.

On the other hand, if it is instructed to increase the hydraulic pressure by supplying (LOAD) the pressure oil, [step S
8], the hydraulic servo valve 13 is manually operated according to the operation position of the manual operation dial 21 at that time [step S9]. The manual operation of the hydraulic servo valve 13 is performed by setting the hydraulic servo valve 13 at the valve opening position on the pressure oil supply side indicated by the operation position of the manual operation dial 21. The hydraulic servo valve 13 may be manually operated by mechanically transmitting the operation (rotation) of the manual operation dial 21 via a universal joint or the like, or the operation amount thereof is converted into an electric signal. It may be converted and executed under electrical control by the control unit 17. Further, such manual operation of the hydraulic servo valve 13 is repeatedly executed while detecting the operation position of the manual operation dial 21 until the pressure oil supply (LOAD) instruction is canceled.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the operation position of the manual operation dial 21 is neither holding (HOLD) nor supplying pressure oil (LOAD) [steps S7, S8], the pressure oil for the ram 3 is not supplied. It is judged that the instruction is to reduce the hydraulic pressure by discharging (RETERN). In this case, it is determined whether the operation position of the manual operation dial 21 is the maximum discharge position (RETERN-MAX) [step S10]. When the discharge maximum position (RETERN-MAX) is not reached, the hydraulic servo valve 13 is manually operated according to the operation position of the manual operation dial 21 at that time [step S11], and the hydraulic servo valve 1 is operated.
The pressure oil of the ram 3 is discharged via the 3. The pressure oil is discharged from the ram 3 by the manual operation of the hydraulic servo valve 13.
While detecting the operation position of the manual operation dial 21,
It is repeatedly executed until the discharge instruction is released.

However, when the operation position of the manual operation dial 21 is the maximum discharge position (RETERN-MAX), it is determined in step S10 that this is a high-speed discharge instruction of the pressure oil from the ram 3. Then, the discharge valve 14 is operated to discharge the pressure oil from the ram 3 at high speed [step S12]. The pressure oil is discharged through the discharge valve 14 in parallel with the pressure oil discharged through the hydraulic servo valve 13, so that the manual operation of the hydraulic servo valve 13 is simultaneously executed [step S11]. That is, depending on the operating position of the manual operation dial 21, the hydraulic servo valve 13
The pressure oil is discharged from the ram 3 at high speed by simultaneously operating the discharge valve 14 while discharging the pressure oil via the.

The high-speed discharge processing of the pressure oil is continuously executed until the high-speed discharge instruction from the manual operation dial 21 is released, whereby the ram 3 is quickly returned to the origin position.

Thus, as described above, the manual operation dial 2
According to the material testing machine in which the discharge valve 14 is operated in accordance with the operation position of No. 1, the manual operation dial 21
When the operation of the ram 3 is manually controlled by operating, the hydraulic pressure of the ram 3 can be released at high speed only by operating the manual operation dial 21 without operating the high speed return switch 22 described above. That is, in the course of a series of manual operations by the manual operation dial 21, it is possible to instruct the high-speed ram return as appropriate without releasing the hand from the manual operation dial 21, and the operability can be dramatically improved. . Moreover, by simply setting the maximum discharge instruction position on the manual operation dial 21 as the operating position of the discharge valve 14, the control can be performed easily.
The configuration of the control system does not become complicated. Therefore, the operability for the material testing machine can be simplified and effectively improved, and the practical advantages thereof are great.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. In the embodiment, the manual operation dial 21 is realized as a rotary type, but it is of course possible to realize it as a direct-acting type operated by a lever. As described above, the hydraulic servo valve 13
The manual control of the discharge valve 14 and the discharge valve 14 may be performed mechanically, or may be performed electrically while servo control is also used. In short, the present invention can be variously modified and implemented without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0029]

As described above, according to the present invention, the hydraulic servo valve for controlling the hydraulic pressure of the ram and the discharge valve for discharging the pressure oil of the ram at high speed are provided, and these hydraulic servo valve and discharge valve are provided. A control unit for controlling the operation of each of the above-mentioned, a manual operation means for manually operating the hydraulic servo valve according to an operation position of a manual operation device for continuously instructing the supply, holding, and discharge of the pressure oil to the ram; Since the manual operating device is provided with high-speed ram returning means for operating the discharging valve when the manual operating device is operated to the maximum discharge position, the hydraulic pressure of the ram can be easily released in the course of a series of manual control by the manual operating device. The ram can be returned by means of this, and the operability of the ram can be greatly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a material testing machine.

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a manual operation dial and a high-speed return switch provided on the operation panel of the material testing machine.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between an operation position of a manual operation dial and its control instruction in the material testing machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a processing procedure of hydraulic control in the material testing machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Testing machine body 3 Ram 12 pumps 13 Hydraulic servo valve 14 Discharge valve 15 Manual operation part 16 Automatic operation part 17 Control unit 21 Manual dial 22 High-speed return switch

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Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tester main body including a ram that operates by receiving hydraulic pressure to apply a load to a sample, and a hydraulic servo valve that adjusts pressure oil supplied to the ram to control the hydraulic pressure of the ram. It comprises a discharge valve for discharging the pressure oil supplied to the ram at high speed, and a control unit for controlling the operations of the hydraulic servo valve and the discharge valve, respectively. Supply / Hold /
Manual operating means for manually operating the hydraulic servo valve in accordance with the operating position of the manual operating device for instructing continuous discharge, and high speed for operating the discharging valve when the manual operating device is operated to the maximum discharge position A material testing machine comprising a ram returning means. 2. The material testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the high-speed ram returning means further comprises means for operating the discharge valve when a high-speed return button is operated.