JP3440278B2 - Civil engineering surveying and construction support system - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a civil engineering surveying / construction support system in which it is easy to recognize a deviation of a tension position from a plan in civil engineering construction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In civil engineering work for constructing roads and buildings, a plan based on a plan drawing, a cross section, a longitudinal section, a structural drawing, etc. and a numerical table (road shoulder table, etc.) created from the design drawings, Based on the actual topographical survey data obtained from GPS and aerial photographs (stereo), the ground is cut or the earth is filled up for construction. At this time, in order to show the level of the finished surface and the slope of the slope, striking is done point by point, which is used as a reference point for construction at the site.

However, in this conventional construction method, since the design drawings and the survey data are all two-dimensional materials, it is necessary to grasp the three-dimensional overall view while looking at them. Until the construction was completed, it was often impossible to find mistakes, and if the soil was cut too much, it would take a lot of time, manpower, and costs to redo it.

[0004] To check whether the tension is correct, it is visually confirmed whether the through plate is passing or the through plate is curved, but even if the height is wrong, the through plate is temporarily passing. For example, it is not a check in the true sense because the mistakes cannot be seen visually, and the reality is that the mistakes cannot be seen until the construction is completed.

Furthermore, in the construction work of expressways,
The design drawing only expresses the height of the center of the road. From this drawing, how much is the road going up?
It is necessary to judge whether it is going down or not. Also,
You must also determine if this drawing is correct.
When the road is curved, we will apply tension on the spot so that the road surface will have a predetermined slope, but before applying tension, we will make a shoulder table with a pitch of 5 m and calculate the height of the center of the road. , The right height and the left height are all put out at a pitch of 5 m, and tension is applied based on those heights.

[0006] As described above, in the conventional civil engineering work, the construction management based on the point of straddling is generally used. However, this method leads to a serious construction error due to a mistake in the setting of the straddle or its oversight. This solution was a concern of the civil engineering industry.

[0007] In recent years, there has been proposed a computer which uses a spreadsheet software to obtain a solution of the strung position by a numerical value by planning and surveying, a functional computer or computer calculation.

[0008]

However, the conventional function calculation method may not be able to find a solution depending on the linear shape of the plan (eg, egg-shaped clothoid curve, S-shaped clothoid curve), and it is probabilistic. There was a problem that the relationship between the strut position and the planned alignment could not be defined unless referring to such numerical tables.

In view of the above, the present invention makes it possible to easily and surely visually and numerically detect the deviation of the tension position with respect to the construction plan in civil engineering work, and how and where to correct it. The purpose is to provide a system.

[0010]

The present invention for solving the above problems BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION may, and design data obtained from the measured numerical and design drawings of the actual terrain to be construction target 3-dimensional respectively the same data structure means for converting the position data, based on their three-dimensional position data, the terrain of the real
Design data, means for superimposing displayed on computer <br/> over data screen as a three-dimensional graphics constituted by attribute voxels attributes units of length, input the real
Position on the terrain and the position on the design data
Based on the coordinates of the position , the sticking position in the actual terrain and the design data can be displayed on the three-dimensional graphics.
With a means for displaying
It is a construction support system.

Voxel position Pvo in the voxel space
x can be represented by the coordinates shown in the following equation. Pvox = ((X−Xmin) / Δ, (Y−Ymin) / Δ,
(Z−Zmin) / Δ) where Δ: voxel size, (Xmin, Ymin, Zmi
n) is the reference point in voxel space.

As described above, in the present invention, the voxel representation by the computer is given the attributes of the lengths of the horizontal component and the vertical component from the numerical values obtained from the survey of the topography to be constructed and the planned numerical values, and thereby The relationship between the position and the planned alignment can be specified. By inputting and displaying the measured tension position in the voxel space thus defined, the deviation between the plan and the tension position can be recognized both visually and as a numerical value. In this way, the numerical value for the correction to the optimum position is obtained.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In the present invention, in order to visualize how much the place where the tension is applied and the actual landscape are deviated, it is a great aim to make it three-dimensional by a computer.

A voxel, which is one of three-dimensional shape expressing means in computer graphics, expresses an object as a set of box-like objects filled with contents. It becomes easier to recognize the relationship with Tachobari. This voxel concept is also suitable for calculating the amount of soil that will be cut or piled up. In the present invention, the height and the position are defined as the voxel attributes, so that the application to the present system becomes possible.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 11 is a stereo photograph taken by aerial survey, 12 is an analytical plotting machine, 13 is a three-dimensional wire frame model, and 14 is voxelized terrain. Data, 21 is a design drawing, 22 is a data calculation system that automatically derives numerical data from the design drawing 21, 23 is three-dimensional construction data, and 24 is an enlarged view of voxels. Further, FIG. 2 is a coordinate diagram showing the position of the voxel in the voxel space.

The procedure for generating voxelized terrain data in the present invention is shown below.

An aerial survey is used to take a stereoscopic photo 11 of the actual terrain.

The captured stereo photograph 11 is input to the analysis plotter 12 and converted into a set of three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) representing the feature points of the real landform.

A three-dimensional coordinate point is connected by a line segment to create a wireframe model 13 of the terrain, and a surface is created by giving a surface to the wireframe.

From the design drawing 21, a transverse cross slope element,
Left and right width widening element, shoulder table composed of longitudinal gradient element, slope cutting slope, slope element table composed of slope slope, station name and additional distance, X value of measurement point, linear configuration of Y value Create design (construction plan) data consisting of a calculation sheet.

The three-dimensional construction vertex data (X, necessary for three-dimensional display of design data by the data calculation system 22)
A set 23 of Y, Z) is automatically calculated.

The three-dimensional construction vertex data is connected by line segments to create a wireframe model of the terrain, and surfaces are given to the wireframe to create a surface model.

A voxel model that approximates the two surface models created in and is created, and the three-dimensional models of the actual landform and the construction plan are displayed in a superimposed manner at the reference points. It is possible to superimpose the actual terrain and the construction plan wireframe, surface, and voxel data formats in any combination. The voxel model is generated from the surface model using the calculation formula shown in FIG.

A unit of length is given as an attribute to a voxel constituted by a set of voxels each having a primitive cube as one unit, and an arbitrary voxel point P in the voxel space is given.
vox is the reference point of the three-dimensional coordinates shown in Fig. 2 (Xm
in, Ymin, Zmin) is calculated by the following formula. Pvox = ((X−Xmin) / Δ, (Y−Ymin) / Δ,
(Z−Zmin) / Δ) However, Δ: voxel size. With the above, it becomes possible to associate the road plan with the voxel position.

[0025]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of three-dimensional computer graphics, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view. In these figures, 1 is a unit voxel, 2 is a misleading point, 3 is a planning point on a line, 4 is a planning point, 5 is a planning line, 6 is an error line, and 7 is a linear relationship point. is there.

In the present embodiment, the measured tension position 2 is displayed in the voxel space, which is a set of unit voxels 1 to which attributes are added, and the planned position 2 is displayed in relation to the position 3 of the point on the planned alignment. The deviation from the original tension position 4 is visualized.

If the soil is cut at the position of the misleading point 2, the soil will be cut too much and the slope will be incorrect.
Therefore, it can be recognized that the mistaken extension point 2 must be corrected to the planned extension point 4, or the linear relation point 7 must be changed to an appropriate position. No matter how complicated the linear shape that is superimposed on the voxel space is, the relationship between the voxel whose position is defined and the linear shape is visualized and digitized in the voxel space to which the attribute is added.
Here, voxel size = accuracy.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) A position in a voxel space can be defined by giving a length unit as an attribute to a voxel represented on a computer.

(2) By inputting the measured position, the relationship with the plan becomes clear.

(3) As a result, the deviation between the original tension position and the current tension position is digitized, and
It is visualized, making it easy to correct and prevent wrong construction.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a coordinate diagram showing the position of a voxel in a voxel space.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of three-dimensional computer graphics.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 unit voxel 2 Misunderstandings 3 Linear planning points 4 planned points 5 planning lines 6 erroneous lines 7 Linear relations 11 Aerial photography (stereo) 12 Analytical plotter 13 3D wireframe model 14 voxelized terrain data 21 Construction drawing 22 Data calculation system 23 3D construction vertex data set Enlarged view of 24 voxels

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Fumio Ohara 1805-1 Higashiakino, Oita City, Oita Prefecture Koishi Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-9-115001 (JP, A) Masaki Otsuki et al., No Visual direction determination method for three-dimensional measurement by plane fitting of measurement region, Information Processing Society of Japan, Research report, Japan, Information Processing Society of Japan, November 16, 1995, vol. 95, no. 108 (95-CV-97), p39-44, Computer Vision 97-6 (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G06F 17/50

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A means for converting the design data obtained from the measured numerical and design drawings of the terrain of the real to be construction subject to the three-dimensional position data of the same data structures each of which
Based on the three-dimensional position data, wherein the terrain of the real setting
A unit that superimposes the total data on the computer screen as a three-dimensional graphic composed of attribute voxels having the unit of length as an attribute ;
Position of the terrain and the position of the design data
The 3D graphics based on the coordinates of the position
In the actual position of the terrain and the design data
A civil engineering surveying and construction support system, characterized in that it is provided with means for displaying the tension position . 2. A voxel position Pvox in a voxel space.
Is represented by the coordinate shown by the following formula, The civil engineering surveying and construction support system according to claim 1. Pvox = ((X−Xmin) / Δ, (Y−Ymin) / Δ,
(Z−Zmin) / Δ) where Δ: voxel size, (Xmin, Ymin, Zmi
n) is the reference point in voxel space.